Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Predictability of Sequential Distalization of the Upper Arch Using Invisalign^®: A 3D Superimposition Study.","authors":"Cristina Menéndez López-Mateos, Mª Luisa Menéndez López-Mateos, José Antonio Alarcón, Mario Menéndez-Núñez, Conchita Martin","doi":"10.3390/dj14090601","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Sequential distalization of the upper arch with clear aligners is widely used to correct Class II malocclusion, but its predictability across molars, canines, and incisors is unclear. This study compared virtual planning with intraoral outcomes and identified the associated side effects. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective study analyzed 80 maxillary quadrants from 40 patients with dental Class II malocclusion treated with Invisalign^® (Smart Track^® material) using a sequential V-pattern distalization protocol with Class II elastics and vertical rectangular/optimized attachments. Predicted movements were extracted from ClinCheck Pro^®. Scans at baseline and after the first approved aligner stage were superimposed on the palatal rugae using Geomagic Control X^®. Extrusion/intrusion, buccolingual movement, mesiodistal translation, rotation, angulation, and torque were measured for molars, canines, and incisors. <b>Results</b>: Molar distalization reached 1.80 of the 2.60 mm planned (69.2%), and canines 1.12 of 2.45 mm (45.7%) and incisor intrusion reached only 0.03 of the 1.45 mm planned (2.1%). Buccolingual molar movement was most predictable (97.4%), and molar rotation showed moderate-to-good predictability (88.4%); incisor rotation, angulation and torque accuracy were 62.2%, 53.8% and 23.2%, respectively. Molar angulation and torque were markedly overexpressed, with unplanned intrusion of 0.80 mm; canine angulation/torque were similarly overexpressed. Incisor intrusion/torque movements were least predictable. <b>Conclusions</b>: Predictability of sequential upper-arch distalization varied widely across tooth groups and movement types. Linear distalization was moderately to poorly predictable and rotational movements were well reproduced, but angulation/torque control were the least predictable, especially for molars and canines, with unintended molar intrusion and buccal torque. Incisor torque, intrusion, and retrusion were most underexpressed. Vertical rectangular attachments improved molar tipping control, while absent attachments and Power Ridges worsened incisor torque/translation. Clinicians should anticipate overcorrection and refinement stages to avoid false expectations based on the initial ClinCheck outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial Microchemistry and Surface Stability of Monolithic and Layered Dental Restorative Systems: A Comparative SEM-EDS-XPS Study.","authors":"Cristian Boanca, Dorin Ioan Cocoș, Ramona Feier, Kamel Earar","doi":"10.3390/dj14090596","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Restorative system configuration may influence the surface chemistry and interfacial behavior of dental ceramic and metal-ceramic systems, but direct comparative evaluations integrating SEM, EDS, and XPS remain limited. <b>Methods:</b> This in vitro study compared three restorative configurations: Monolithic ZrO₂, Feldspar/ZrO₂, and Feldspar/Co-Cr. Thirty specimens were fabricated and allocated into three groups (<i>n</i> = 10/group). Surface and cross-sectional morphology were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, while elemental composition and interfacial transition patterns were evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, including point analysis, elemental mapping, and line-scan profiles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize material-specific surface chemical profiles. <b>Results:</b> Monolithic ZrO₂ showed a compact and homogeneous ceramic morphology, with a dominant Zr-O-Y chemical profile. Feldspar/ZrO₂ specimens exhibited a sharply defined ceramic-ceramic interface, with limited elemental overlap between the feldspathic veneer and zirconia core. In contrast, Feldspar/Co-Cr specimens showed a broader ceramic-metal transition zone, mainly supported by SEM-EDS evidence of Cr-, Co-, and O-related interfacial signals. XPS provided complementary surface chemical information, without definitive oxide phase identification. <b>Conclusions:</b> Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the analyzed restorative configurations exhibited distinct morphological, elemental, and surface chemical patterns. Feldspar/Co-Cr showed a broader ceramic-metal elemental transition than Feldspar/ZrO₂; however, the present findings should not be interpreted as evidence of superior bond strength, mechanical stability, fatigue resistance, or clinical performance. Further mechanical and aging studies are required to determine the functional significance of these interfacial differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Bioactive Glass-Containing Toothpastes on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Biofilm Removal from Contemporary Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Isfendiyar Isfendiyaroglu, Asli Sahiner Daniskan, Cemile Bagkur, Cenk Serhan Ozverel, Mehmet Isfendiyaroglu, Zeynep Ergucu","doi":"10.3390/dj14090597","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Dental biofilms are complex microbial communities that could lead to the formation of dental caries and other oral diseases. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of two commercially available toothpastes containing bioactive glass (BioMin F and Sensodyne Repair & Protection) on biofilm removal from five contemporary restorative dental materials and bovine enamel. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of bioactive glass-containing toothpastes on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> viability and colonization on different restorative materials and bovine enamel. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 42 disc specimens representing five restorative dental materials and bovine enamel were incubated with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> for 24 h to develop biofilms. After bacterial adhesion, specimens were brushed with toothpaste slurries (1:2 dilution) and distilled water (control). Biofilm viability and bacterial colonization were evaluated using the MTT assay and colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, respectively. Biofilm morphology on selected specimens was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differences among groups were analyzed statistically using Tukey's test. <b>Results</b>: Statistically significant differences were observed among the study groups following brushing (<i>p</i> < 0.05). EQUIA Forte HT (EF) demonstrated the lowest levels of <i>S. mutans</i> viability and colonization, whereas ACTIVA PRONTO (AP) exhibited the highest levels. Among the toothbrushing methods, BioMin F resulted in a greater reduction in bacterial viability and colony counts independent of the restorative materials. Combined analysis indicated that EF brushed with Sensodyne Repair & Protect yielded the lowest bacterial burden, whereas AP brushed with distilled water exhibited the highest. The results describing bacterial viability and colony counts also correlate with the SEM images taken. <b>Conclusions</b>: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, Sensodyne Repair & Protect was associated with lower <i>S. mutans</i> viability and colonization on most restorative materials, particularly EQUIA Forte HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-Implant Tissue Health and Prosthodontic Outcomes of a Cylindrical-Conical Implant with a Progressive Thread Design at Five-Year Follow-Up: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jörg-Martin Ruppin, Tobias Graf","doi":"10.3390/dj14090594","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aim to assess the 5-year clinical outcomes of a cylindrical-conical implant system with a progressive thread design and a sandblasted, acid-etched surface and its fixed prostheses under routine clinical conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center cross-sectional follow-up study included patients treated with implants with a progressive thread design and an internal butt-joint connection between January 2019 and August 2020 at a specialist referral practice in Germany. Of 112 patients treated, 44 (94 implants with fixed restorations) attended the five-year recall. Outcomes were the Functional Implant Prosthodontic Score (FIPS), peri-implant tissue health parameters (bleeding on probing, suppuration, dehiscence, width of keratinized mucosa, and other signs of inflammation), marginal bone level on periapical radiographs, and implant survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 94 implants available for examination remained in situ at five years, corresponding to 100% survival among recalled implants. Mean FIPS was 7.6 out of 10 (interproximal 1.3, occlusion 1.8, design 1.6, mucosa 1.4, bone 1.5). Bleeding on probing was absent in 37.2% of implants and present at ≥3 of 6 sites in 30.9%; suppuration was absent in all cases. Bleeding was descriptively more frequent where keratinized mucosa was narrow: implants with <2 mm bled at nearly three times as many sites as those with ≥2 mm. No implant showed a marginal bone level ≥2.0 mm apical to the shoulder.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this retrospective cross-sectional follow-up study, the implant system with a progressive thread design demonstrated favorable 5-year prosthodontic, biological and radiological findings under referral-practice conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halitosis: A Prospective Cohort Study Comparing Periodontal Debridement with Tongue Cleaning, Denture Biofilm Management, and Restorative Maintenance.","authors":"Adrian Boloș, Otilia Cornelia Boloș, Edida Maghet, Romina Georgiana Bita, Raluca Briceag, Bogdan Andrei Bumbu, Silviu Brad","doi":"10.3390/dj14090595","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Halitosis in elderly dental patients is rarely attributable to a single etiology; tongue coating, periodontal inflammation, denture biofilm, and reduced salivary flow may coexist and modify treatment response. We compared three procedure pathways and examined whether tongue-coating reduction mediates procedure-related improvement. <b>Methods:</b> A prospective cohort of 94 patients aged 65 years or older was assigned by dominant indication to periodontal debridement with tongue cleaning (PDT, <i>n</i> = 33), denture biofilm management (DBM, <i>n</i> = 31), or restorative/prosthetic maintenance (RPM, <i>n</i> = 30). This was a single-center, nonrandomized prospective cohort study; assignment followed the dominant clinical indication rather than randomization. All clinical assessments were made by a single examiner who was masked to the formal procedure-group assignment; masking was partial because the clinical picture at follow-up could sometimes reveal the care delivered. The primary outcome was percentage reduction in volatile sulfur compound (VSC) concentration at 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes included organoleptic score, HALT, OHIP-14, tongue-coating index, denture plaque index, and a composite clinical response (≥30% VSC reduction plus ≥ 1-point organoleptic improvement plus ≥ 8-point HALT improvement). Linear mixed-effects, multivariable regression, and bootstrap mediation analyses were performed. <b>Results:</b> All three procedures reduced VSC at 8 weeks, but PDT produced the largest absolute reduction (-102.6 ± 20.2 ppb) and the highest composite response rate (57.6%), versus 9.7% in DBM and 3.3% in RPM (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Adjusted analyses showed PDT improved VSC reduction by 22.8 percentage points and DBM by 11.7 percentage points relative to RPM. Tongue-coating reduction mediated 29.5% of the PDT effect and 35.6% of the DBM effect. Xerostomia and reduced salivary flow attenuated the response in DBM and RPM but not in PDT. <b>Conclusions:</b> Periodontal debridement with tongue cleaning was the most effective procedure pathway for elderly halitosis. Tongue-coating reduction was a meaningful, though statistically rather than experimentally established, mediator of treatment benefit, supporting an oral-ecological framework for managing geriatric oral malodor that warrants confirmation in randomized studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Displacement of a Pterygoid Implant into the Pterygopalatine Fossa and Its Surgical Retrieval: A Case Report.","authors":"Horia Mihail Barbu, Andreea Sorina Petris, Stefania Andrada Iancu, Cosmin Ulman, Yarin Lorian Singer, Adi Lorean","doi":"10.3390/dj14090592","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Pterygoid implants are increasingly used to provide distal support in full-arch maxillary rehabilitation, improving biomechanical stability and reducing posterior cantilevers. Despite high reported survival rates, their placement is technically demanding because of the complex anatomy of the pterygomaxillary region and the proximity of critical neurovascular structures. Implant displacement into adjacent deep anatomical spaces is a rare but potentially serious complication. The aim of this report is to describe the management of sequential intraoperative complications involving pterygoid implants-initial migration into the maxillary sinus followed by displacement into the pterygopalatine fossa-and to analyse the technical factors that contributed to them. <b>Case Description</b>: A 68-year-old woman underwent full-arch maxillary rehabilitation with eight implants, including bilateral pterygoid implants. Both pterygoid implants showed progressively decreasing primary stability and migrated into the maxillary sinus. During a salvage attempt, a newly inserted pterygoid implant deviated and was displaced beyond the pyramidal process into the pterygopalatine fossa together with the insertion driver. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) localized the implant-lying medial to the lateral pterygoid plate, anterior to the pterygoid process-and guided a targeted retrieval based on careful blunt dissection, performed in an outpatient setting without general anesthesia or endoscopic assistance. A correctly positioned pterygoid implant was then placed. The anterior implants (insertion torque > 60 N·cm) were immediately loaded; at four months the right pterygoid implant was uncovered, and the left implant retained in the sinus was retrieved and replaced using a trans-sinus technique with elevation of the Schneiderian membrane. <b>Conclusions</b>: This case highlights the importance of accurate, consistent anatomical localization, complete osteotomy preparation, appropriate implant selection, and controlled, torque-monitored insertion during pterygoid implant placement. It also demonstrates that rare displacement of an implant into a deep anatomical space can be safely managed in an outpatient dental setting by experienced clinicians using a structured, image-guided approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers Under Conventional and Sonic-Activated Final Irrigation Protocols: An In Vitro Confocal Microscopy Study.","authors":"Israa Ashkar, José Luis Sanz, Leopoldo Forner, Carmen Llena, María Melo","doi":"10.3390/dj14090593","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Successful root canal treatment depends on achieving an effective three-dimensional seal and limiting microbial persistence and reinfection. Dentinal tubule penetration may enhance sealing by increasing sealer-dentin contact and micromechanical retention. This study compared the dentinal tubule penetration of BioRoot RCS, NeoSealer Flo, and TotalFill BC Sealer with AH Plus using the calcium-sensitive fluorophore Fluo-3 and evaluated the effect of sonic activation of final irrigation. <b>Methods</b>: 128 extracted human single-rooted teeth were allocated to four sealer groups and subdivided according to final irrigation protocol: non-activated final irrigation (NAFI) or sonic-activated final irrigation (SAFI). Sealers were labeled with 0.1% Fluo-3, and canals were obturated using the single-cone technique. Root sections obtained at 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex were analyzed by CLSM. Penetration area and depth percentages were calculated and statistically compared (<i>p <</i> 0.05). <b>Results</b>: All sealers penetrated dentinal tubules. For overall penetration, under NAFI, BioRoot RCS and NeoSealer Flo showed significantly greater penetration area than AH Plus and TotalFill BC Sealer, while BioRoot RCS showed significantly greater penetration depth than AH Plus and TotalFill BC Sealer. Under SAFI, BioRoot RCS and NeoSealer Flo showed significantly greater penetration area than TotalFill BC Sealer, whereas NeoSealer Flo showed significantly greater penetration depth than all other sealers (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Sonic activation significantly increased penetration in selected sealers and root thirds; for NeoSealer Flo, penetration depth increased from 37.55% to 49.15% in the coronal third and from 33.10% to 48.73% in the middle third, while AH Plus also showed increased penetration apically and no significant effect was observed for BioRoot RCS. Penetration was generally greatest coronally and lowest apically. <b>Conclusions</b>: Dentinal tubule penetration was influenced by sealer type, final irrigation protocol, and root third. Sonic activation improved penetration under specific conditions but did not produce a uniform effect across all sealers or root thirds.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implant-Assisted Removable Partial Dentures with Surveyed Crowns: A Narrative Review of Treatment Concepts, Material Considerations, and Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Isaraporn Phusadeekunpaisan, Pimduen Rungsiyakull, Pisaisit Chaijareenont","doi":"10.3390/dj14090591","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Tooth loss remains a major clinical challenge, affecting mastication, speech, facial aesthetics, and oral health-related quality of life. Prosthetic rehabilitation must therefore balance functional demands, biological limitations, patient preferences, maintenance capacity, and cost. Implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) have emerged as a practical alternative to conventional removable partial dentures (RPDs) and full-arch fixed implant prostheses, particularly in distal-extension cases where conventional RPDs often demonstrate greater displacement and unfavorable stress distribution. <b>Objectives:</b> This narrative review summarizes current concepts in IARPDs treatment, with an emphasis on attachment-retained designs and implant-surveyed crown removable partial dentures (ISCRPDs). <b>Methods:</b> A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus. English-language articles related to IARPDs, surveyed crowns, attachment systems, material considerations, biomechanics, clinical outcomes, and complications were identified and narratively synthesized. <b>Results:</b> Available evidence suggests that IARPDs provide superior patient-reported outcomes compared with conventional RPDs, largely through improved retention, stability, comfort, and reduced prosthesis movement. Attachment systems offer versatile retention and aesthetic advantages but may require regular maintenance because of component wear and progressive loss of retention. In contrast, surveyed crowns provide a space-efficient and potentially more cost-effective design, with favorable implant survival and prosthetic outcomes reported in retrospective studies. However, complications such as clasp loosening, sore spots, crown dislodgement, and crown or framework fracture remain clinically relevant. Material selection for frameworks and implant crowns further influences aesthetics, durability, hygiene, and long-term maintenance. <b>Conclusions:</b> IARPDs treatment should be individualized according to the available prosthetic space, residual ridge anatomy, implant position, oral hygiene ability, aesthetic expectations, financial limitations, and access to follow-up care. Prospective comparative studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repassivation of Titanium Surface with Different Disinfectants After Implantoplasty: Effects on Corrosion, Ion Release, Cytotoxicity and Bacterial Behaviour-An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Leyre Millas, Javi Vilarrasa, Neus Carrió, Jose Nart, Javier Gil","doi":"10.3390/dj14090587","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: Implantoplasty smoothens exposed implant surfaces but disrupts the titanium oxide layer, reducing corrosion resistance, increasing ion release, and facilitating bacterial colonization. Restoring a stable and biologically favorable surface is therefore critical. Chemical agents capable of repassivating titanium may enhance surface integrity and antibacterial performance, yet the optimal agent remains unclear. This study evaluated the repassivation effects of common disinfectants on corrosion resistance, ion release, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activity. <b>Methods</b>: One hundred twenty-eight discs underwent manual implantoplasty and were treated with citric acid (CA), ethylenediaminetetraace acid (EDTA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) or saline (S). Surface topography and wettability were analyzed using white-light interferometry and contact angle measurements. Corrosion behavior was assessed via open-circuit potential monitoring and potentiodynamic polarization in Hank's solution. Titanium ion release was quantified over 21 days using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in human fibroblast and osteoblast cultures exposed to sample extracts. Bacterial adhesion and viability of <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy after 24 h and 48 h. <b>Results</b>: H₂O₂ increased surface roughness, while CA and EDTA showed no effect. All agents enhanced hydrophilicity, with CA and H₂O₂ producing the greatest increase in surface energy. CA showed the highest corrosion resistance and lowest ion release. No treatment exhibited cytotoxicity, and all reduced bacterial adhesion, with CA and H₂O₂ showing superior bactericidal activity. <b>Conclusions</b>: CA and H₂O₂ improved surface properties after implantoplasty, with CA providing the most favorable combination of corrosion resistance, minimal ion release and antibacterial effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dental Chair Backrest Inclination on Mandibular Position Obtained with a Virtual Interocclusal Record at the Maximum Intercuspal Position: A Pilot Clinical Study.","authors":"Kawther Ali, Sasiya Bhumpattarachai, Roberto Savignano, Mason Possinger, Joseph Kan","doi":"10.3390/dj14090590","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090590","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background&lt;/b&gt;: This pilot clinical study aimed to evaluate the mandibular position at the maximum intercuspal position (MIP) obtained with a virtual interocclusal record using an intraoral scanner across different dental chair backrest inclinations, in order to establish a protocol for future larger studies. &lt;b&gt;Methods&lt;/b&gt;: In this single-center pilot study, 10 fully dentate participants underwent maxillary and mandibular full-arch intraoral scans. Virtual interocclusal records at MIP were obtained with an intraoral scanner at three dental chair backrest inclinations (90, 120, and 180 degrees). Conventional vinyl polysiloxane interocclusal records were made at the same inclinations. All scans were printed into physical models and mounted using the conventional records. Digitized casts and intraoral scans were superimposed onto a single common reference, the virtually mounted 90-degree scan, using metrology software. Because all deviations were expressed relative to that reference, the virtual 90-degree condition is zero by construction and was excluded as a data level from inferential models. Separate linear mixed-effects models were fitted for each translation and rotation axis, with participant as a random intercept and recording method, inclination, and their interaction as fixed effects; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values were Holm-adjusted across the six axes. Equivalence was explored with two one-sided tests against margins of ±0.5 mm and ±1.0 degrees; because these margins were specified post hoc, the equivalence analysis is exploratory. &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: Chair inclination did not detectably affect either recording method: no inclination main effect or method × inclination interaction survived multiplicity correction, and virtual records at 120 and 180 degrees differed by no more than 0.05 mm and 0.08 degrees. Recording method did differ. Conventional records were displaced relative to virtual records by 0.27 mm along the Y axis (95% CI 0.19 to 0.34; Holm-adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), in the same direction in 9 of 10 participants. The corresponding X-axis offset was 0.23 mm (95% CI 0.06 to 0.40) and did not survive multiplicity correction in the primary analysis (Holm-adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.060). The exploratory equivalence criterion was met, that is, the 90% confidence interval fell entirely within the post hoc equivalence margin, for 11 of 18 method × inclination comparisons, rising to 16 of 18 in the sensitivity analysis. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: In this pilot sample, no statistically detectable effect of dental chair backrest inclination between 90 and 180 degrees on the recorded mandibular position at MIP was observed for either recording method in healthy, fully dentate individuals; virtual and conventional records met the exploratory post hoc equivalence criterion in most rotational axes but showed a small, systematic translational offset of approximately 0.23 to 0.31 mm, most clearly along the Y axis. These preliminary findings require confirmation i","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}