Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Chemical and Microhardness Alterations in Human Enamel Induced by Three Commercial In-Office Bleaching Agents.","authors":"Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu, Atena Galuscan, Ramona Dumitrescu, Roxana Buzatu, Magda Mihaela Luca, Octavia Balean, Gabriela Vlase, Titus Vlase, Iasmina-Mădălina Anghel, Carmen Opris, Bianca Ioana Todor, Mihaela Adina Dumitrache, Daniela Jumanca","doi":"10.3390/dj13080357","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: In-office bleaching commonly employs high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP), which may compromise enamel integrity. This in vitro paired-design study aimed to compare the chemical and mechanical effects of three commercial bleaching agents-Opalescence Boost (40% HP), Opalescence Quick (45% CP), and BlancOne Ultra+ (35% HP)-on human enamel. The null hypothesis assumed no significant differences between the control and treated samples. Given the ongoing debate over pH, active ingredients, and enamel impact, comparing whitening systems remains clinically important. <b>Methods</b>: Forty-two extracted teeth were assigned to three experimental groups (<i>n</i> = 14) with matched controls. Each underwent a single bleaching session per manufacturer protocol: Opalescence Boost (≤60 min), Opalescence Quick (15-30 min), and BlancOne Ultra+ (three light-activated cycles of 8-10 min). Enamel chemical changes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (phosphate and carbonate bands), and surface hardness by Vickers microhardness testing. Paired <i>t</i>-tests (α = 0.05) assessed statistical significance. <b>Results</b>: FTIR analysis revealed alterations in phosphate and carbonate bands for all agents, most notably for Opalescence Boost and BlancOne Ultra+. Microhardness testing showed significant reductions in enamel hardness for Opalescence Boost (control: 37.21 ± 1.74 Hv; treated: 34.63 ± 1.70 Hv; <i>p</i> = 0.00) and Opalescence Quick (control: 45.82 ± 1.71 Hv; treated: 39.34 ± 1.94 Hv; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), whereas BlancOne Ultra+ showed no significant difference (control: 51.64 ± 1.59 HV; treated: 51.60 ± 2.34 Hv; <i>p</i> = 0.95). <b>Conclusions</b>: HP-based agents, particularly at higher concentrations, caused greater enamel alterations than CP-based products. While clinically relevant, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to in vitro limitations and natural enamel variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronology and Sequence of Permanent Tooth Eruption in a Multi-Ethnic Urban Population.","authors":"Olivia Micheli, Maria Athanasiou, Victor Kristof, Gregory S Antonarakis","doi":"10.3390/dj13080356","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the mean age of eruption of permanent teeth and their clinical emergence sequence in a longitudinal sample of children from a multi-ethnic urban population. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 854 children (413 females and 441 males), aged between 4 and 13 years, were examined annually for a minimum of 4 consecutive years, as part of their annual dental screening appointment. The presence of permanent teeth was recorded at each examination. Mean and median ages, with standard deviations, of individual tooth eruption were calculated, in addition to the eruption sequence, and the analysis of the data was performed using the lognormal distribution model. Regarding the error of the method, two examiners reviewed all relevant dental screening forms, and any discrepancies were resolved through consultation with the senior author. <b>Results:</b> The sequence of permanent tooth eruption followed a consistent pattern across sexes, with distinct differences between the maxillary and mandibular arches. In the maxilla, eruption began with the first molar, while in the mandible, it started with the central incisor. Mandibular teeth generally erupted earlier than maxillary teeth, with girls experiencing earlier eruption than boys, with some exceptions, and prolonged eruption periods. No statistically significant differences were found in the timing of eruption between contralateral homologous teeth. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on the present data, the observed sequence of tooth eruption in a multi-ethnic urban population showed similar patterns across sexes. Mandibular teeth generally erupt earlier than maxillary teeth, with girls experiencing earlier eruption than boys.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Effect of Graphene in Dentistry: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ricardo Martuci, Susana João Oliveira, Mateus Martuci, José Reis-Campos, Maria Helena Figueiral","doi":"10.3390/dj13080355","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The functionalization of various forms of graphene, such as graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, in biomaterials is a promising strategy in dentistry, particularly regarding their antimicrobial potential. However, conclusive studies on the toxicity and biocompatibility of graphene-based materials remain limited, and standardized guidelines for their production, handling, and dental applications are still lacking. This scoping review aims to map the available studies on various types of graphene, synthesize evidence on their antimicrobial effectiveness, and describe the main biological responses when functionalized in dental biomaterials. <b>Methods</b>: An electronic search was conducted in the Clarivate, PubMed, and Scopus databases using the descriptors as follows: 'graphene' AND 'antimicrobial effect' AND 'bactericidal effect' AND ('graphene oxide' OR 'dental biofilm' OR 'antibacterial properties' OR 'dental materials'). Article screening and eligibility assessment were performed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. <b>Results</b>: The search identified 793 articles. After removing duplicates, applying the eligibility criteria, and performing a full-text analysis of 64 articles, 21 studies were included in the review. Graphene oxide, particularly at low concentrations, was the most commonly studied graphene variant, demonstrating significant antimicrobial efficacy against <i>S. mutans</i>, <i>S. faecalis</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, and <i>C. albicans</i>. Both mechanical and chemical mechanisms have been linked to the biological responses of graphene-doped biomaterials. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of these compounds remain controversial, with some studies reporting favorable outcomes, while others raise significant concerns. <b>Conclusions</b>: Graphene shows great promise as an antimicrobial agent in dental biomaterials. Despite encouraging results, more in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to better understand its biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in dental applications. Additionally, standardized production protocols, clearly defined clinical applications in dentistry, and regulatory guidelines from the World Health Organization concerning handling procedures and occupational risks remain necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding to Demineralized Dentin: Impact of Immediate and Delayed Dentin Sealing over Time.","authors":"Erika Pérez-Soto, Rim Bourgi, Louis Hardan, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suarez, Ana Josefina Monjáras-Ávila, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Barrera, Nicolas Nassar, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska, Rima Daoui, Naji Kharouf, Youssef Haikel","doi":"10.3390/dj13080354","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Immediate dentin sealing (IDS) has been widely investigated in sound dentin; however, its efficacy on demineralized dentin remains insufficiently explored. This in vitro experimental study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of indirect composite resin restorations bonded to demineralized dentin using IDS, assessed at 24 h and after 6 months of aging. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-five extracted premolars were randomly divided into five groups: (1) control (no sealing), (2) IDS applied to sound dentin (sound-IDS), (3) IDS applied to demineralized dentin (carious-IDS), (4) delayed dentin sealing (DDS) on sound dentin (sound-DDS), and (5) DDS on demineralized dentin (carious-DDS). SBS values were analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with dentin condition (sound vs. demineralized), aging time (24 h vs. 6 months), and sealing strategy (control, IDS, DDS) as independent variables. Statistical analyses were performed using SigmaPlot 12.0, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. <b>Results:</b> The results showed that IDS led to significantly higher SBS than DDS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Bond strength was significantly influenced by dentin condition (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and all interactions between variables-particularly between dentin condition and sealing strategy, and between aging time and treatment-were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall, bond strength was higher at 24 h than after 6 months. IDS showed optimal performance in sound dentin, while DDS resulted in better long-term outcomes in demineralized dentin. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that DDS may be the more effective approach in cases of carious or demineralized dentin.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Impact of Dentinal Hypersensitivity on Adults' Quality of Life in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Haya Alayadi, Omar Alsadon, Maram Ali Alwadi, Alaa A Alkhateeb, Deema Alroweilly, Zainab Alassmi, Wedad Alshehri","doi":"10.3390/dj13080353","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) significantly impacts oral health-related quality of life. While global prevalence estimates range from 10-15%, region-specific data from Saudi Arabia remain limited. This study also aligns with Saudi Vision 2030's mental health initiatives, as DH-associated anxiety impacts overall well-being. This study assessed DH prevalence and quality of life impact among Saudi adults. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 748 Saudi adults aged ≥ 18 years between April and May. Data were collected using a validated Arabic Dentinal Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire (DHEQ) alongside socio-demographic variables. Participants reporting DH symptoms within 12 months were included in impact analyses. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA examined associations between DHEQ scores and participant characteristics. <b>Results:</b> Self-reported DH prevalence was 54.3% (n = 406), substantially exceeding global estimates. Among affected individuals, mean DHEQ score was 0.56 ± 0.19, indicating moderate-to-substantial quality-of-life impact. Functional limitations were most affected, particularly enjoyment of eating and drinking (0.72 ± 0.21). Significant associations were identified between higher DHEQ scores and age extremes (<18 and >35 years; <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher income levels (<i>p</i> = 0.032), fewer teeth (<i>p</i> = 0.040), and dental pain presence (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Sex, residence, education, and employment showed no significant associations. <b>Conclusions:</b> More than half of Saudi adults reported DH symptoms, representing a significant public health concern with substantial quality of life implications. Prevalence substantially exceeds global estimates, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Age, income, tooth count, and pain presence emerged as key factors. These findings support developing population-specific prevention strategies, particularly targeting younger and older adults with tooth loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of Osteoblastic Lineage Cells When in the Presence of Tamoxifen: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on Osseointegration.","authors":"Luiz Guilherme Fiorin, Emanuela Galliera, Henrique R Matheus, Dolaji Henin, Edilson Ervolino, Gabriela Carrara Simionato, Juliano Milanezi de Almeida, Claudia Dellavia","doi":"10.3390/dj13080351","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator widely used as an adjunct in the treatment of breast cancer, has known effects on bone metabolism, although its impact on osseointegration and cellular responses during early bone healing remains unclear. Understanding these effects is essential given the increasing use of dental implants in cancer survivors. The study aimed to observe the influence of tamoxifen on human osteosarcoma (SAOS-2) cells lines, as well on the osseointegration of titanium implants in ovariectomized female rats. <b>Methods:</b> SAOS-2 cells were incubated with Dulbecco's modified growth medium. Six titanium (Ti) disks were used at each time point. The samples were divided into groups with the presence (TAM, <i>n</i> = 36) or not (CTR, <i>n</i> = 36) of tamoxifen in a concentration of 2 μM. In vivo, 72 animals were divided in groups with bilateral ovariectomy or SHAM and tamoxifen administration or not (15 mg/kg). Cell viability, mineralization rate, and collagen synthesis were assessed, as well as bone/implant contact (BIC) and bone ingrowth (BIN). <b>Results:</b> Tamoxifen caused a decrease in SAOS-2 viability, although an increase in the mineralization rate was observed. In vivo, the TAM groups presented higher BIC and BIN when compared to their control, but a lower percentage of mature collagen cells. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on our findings, in vitro, the therapy with TAM slightly reduced the viability of SAOS-2 cells while significantly increasing the mineralization rate. In vivo, the therapy positively influenced BIC and BIN during the osseointegration phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Shades and Thickness on the Polymerization of Low-Viscosity Bulk-Fill Composites in Pediatric Restorations: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Gennaro Musella, Stefania Cantore, Maria Eleonora Bizzoca, Mario Dioguardi, Rossella Intini, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Federico Moramarco, Francesco Pettini, Andrea Ballini","doi":"10.3390/dj13080352","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> This study aimed to investigate the influence of shade and thickness on the polymerization of SDR^® flow+, a low-viscosity bulk-fill composite, by assessing its degree of conversion (DC). <b>Methods:</b> An in vitro study was conducted using SDR^® flow+ composite resin. Specimens were prepared at two thicknesses (2 mm and 4 mm) and four shades (Universal, A1, A2, A3). Polymerization was performed using a high-intensity LED curing unit. The DC was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). <b>Results:</b> Both shade and thickness significantly influenced DC. Thicker specimens (4 mm) exhibited reduced polymerization compared to thinner specimens (2 mm). Darker shades, particularly A3, demonstrated the lowest DC values due to their higher chroma, which limits light penetration. In contrast, the Universal shade achieved higher DC values, even at increased depths, likely due to its greater translucency. <b>Conclusions</b>: Shade and thickness play a critical role in the polymerization of bulk-fill composites. Ensuring adequate polymerization is essential for the longevity of pediatric restorations. Further in vivo research is needed to confirm these findings and assess their clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphometric Evaluation of Gingival Phenotypic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Dimitrios Papapetros, Karin Nylander, Sotirios Kalfas","doi":"10.3390/dj13080350","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This study aims to explore the histological dimensions of the gingiva and the alveolar mucosa and to evaluate their associations with gingival phenotypic parameters, including gingival thickness (GT), keratinized tissue width (KTW), and gingival transparency. <b>Methods:</b> Histological and clinical assessments were performed on 45 healthy volunteers. Gingival and mucosal tissue samples were collected from the mucogingival junction region of one maxillary central incisor. Histomorphometric analysis included measurements of gingival and mucosal thickness, epithelial thickness, connective tissue thickness, epithelial papilla length and density, and keratinization. Clinical parameters included KTW and probe visibility upon insertion into the gingival sulcus. Correlations were statistically analyzed between clinical and histological parameters. <b>Results:</b> Probe visibility showed no significant correlations with any assessed parameter. Histological gingival thickness strongly correlated with gingival connective tissue thickness, moderately with epithelial thickness and papilla length, and weakly with papilla density. Mucosal thickness was strongly associated with connective tissue thickness and moderately with keratinization, but not with other parameters. KTW exhibited weak correlations with epithelial thickness and papilla length. <b>Conclusions:</b> Variability in gingival and mucosal thickness is primarily determined by connective tissue thickness, with a smaller contribution from the epithelium. Increased thickness is associated with longer, sparser epithelial papillae and with a tendency toward higher keratinization. KTW is significantly associated with epithelial thickness and papilla length, underscoring its relevance in gingival phenotype characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Awareness of Dental Students and Practitioners About the Utilization of Endocrown.","authors":"Raneem Alfahad, Maryam Quritum, Lamia Hakami, Maha Aldandan, Osama Alharbi, Omar Almasoud, Abdullah Alasafirah, Passent Ellakany","doi":"10.3390/dj13080348","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness among dental students and practitioners regarding the utilization of endocrowns in clinical settings, along with any differences in knowledge based on gender, educational level, and workplace. <b>Methods</b>: A cross-sectional online survey-based study was conducted, including 1154 participants from various dental institutions across Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included demographic data and closed-ended questions focused on knowledge and awareness of endocrowns. Data was analyzed using statistical tests, including chi-square, to see any significant differences. <b>Results</b>: Most participants (81%) had knowledge about endocrowns, mainly from their colleagues. Knowledge levels and preferences (like the use of lithium disilicate and adhesive resin cement) differed based on gender, educational level, and workplace. Male participants and undergraduates showed better awareness in some areas. Faculty members mostly depend on college training, while private practitioners obtain most of their information from workshops. <b>Conclusions:</b> Males showed significant superiority in knowledge about endocrown usage. Colleges were the most prevalent source of information regarding endocrown restorations. Significant molar tooth loss and restricted inter-arch space were the most common reasons for utilizing endocrowns. Moreover, endocrowns were considered a viable alternative to traditional post and core.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Imaging: Advancing the Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease.","authors":"Gaël Y Rochefort, Frédéric Denis, Matthieu Renaud","doi":"10.3390/dj13080349","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This pilot study evaluates the correlation between periodontal pocket depth (PPD) measurements obtained by manual probing and those derived from an AI-coupled ultrasound imaging device in periodontitis patients. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: Thirteen patients with periodontitis underwent ultrasonic probing with an AI engine for automated PPD measurements, followed by routine manual probing. <b>Results</b>: A total of 2088 manual and 1987 AI-based PPD measurements were collected. The mean PPD was 4.2 mm (range: 2-8 mm) for manual probing and 4.5 mm (range: 2-9 mm) for AI-based ultrasound, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.62-0.73). Discrepancies were noted in cases with inflammation or calculus. AI struggled to differentiate pocket depths in complex clinical scenarios. <b>Discussion</b>: Ultrasound imaging offers non-invasive, real-time visualization of periodontal structures, but AI accuracy requires further training to address image artifacts and clinical variability. <b>Conclusions</b>: The ultrasound device shows promise for non-invasive periodontal diagnostics but is not yet a direct alternative to manual probing. Further AI optimization and validation are needed. <b>Clinical Relevance</b>: This technology could enhance patient comfort and enable frequent monitoring, pending improvements in AI reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}