Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Ganglion Cyst of the Temporomandibular Joint: Case Report and a Review of the Literature.","authors":"Michał Gontarz, Krzysztof Gąsiorowski, Krystyna Gałązka, Jakub Bargiel, Paweł Szczurowski, Katarzyna Rusek, Kamil Nelke, Grażyna Wyszyńska-Pawelec","doi":"10.3390/dj14100619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/dj14100619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Ganglion cysts of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are rare, benign periarticular pseudocysts that are clinically indistinguishable from the true synovial cyst and frequently mimic parotid or other preauricular tumors, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. The aim of this report is to describe the diagnosis and surgical management of a ganglion cyst of the TMJ and to review the literature on the etiology, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of these lesions. We report a case managed with excision and review the published literature. <b>Methods</b>: We describe a 48-year-old woman with a slowly enlarging, painless left preauricular tumor managed by preauricular excision with intraoperative facial-nerve monitoring and provide a narrative review of ganglion and synovial cysts of the TMJ (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar, searched from database inception to July 2026; histologically confirmed cases were extracted and tabulated). <b>Results</b>: Computed tomography showed mild condylar hypertrophy and a well-defined, non-enhancing fluid-density lesion (~15 HU; 15 × 10 × 7 mm) lateral to the condyle and abutting the anterior wall of the external auditory canal. The lesion was excised through a preauricular approach, with intraoperative facial-nerve stimulation. Histopathology showed a fibrous-walled cavity devoid of epithelial or synovial cell lining, with negative cytokeratin and CD31 confined to vascular endothelium, confirming a ganglion and excluding a vascular malformation. Facial-nerve function, mouth opening, and occlusion were preserved. Control magnetic resonance imaging at 17 months and clinical follow-up at 21 months showed no recurrence. <b>Conclusions</b>: Preauricular excision with facial-nerve preservation is the treatment of choice. Although recurrence is uncommon, documented recurrences several years after excision argue for longer, imaging-based follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149264369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Diabetes Influence the Microbiological Response to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sriya Talapaneni, Lisa Jamieson, Sonia Nath","doi":"10.3390/dj14100617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/dj14100617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise evidence on how non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) alters the oral microbiota and periodontal parameters in patients with diabetes and periodontitis compared with non-diabetic patients with periodontitis. <b>Methods</b>: Electronic searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid Emcare, JBI EBP, Web of Science, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, and grey literature sources were conducted from inception to March 2025. Eligible studies were clinical studies that included participants with diabetes and periodontitis, used NSPT as the primary intervention, and reported pre- and post-treatment oral microbiological and periodontal parameters as outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomised trials, and ROBINS-I for non-randomised studies and certainty of evidence was evaluated with GRADE. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251005668). <b>Results</b>: Fourteen studies involving 374 participants with diabetes and 276 non-diabetic participants with periodontitis were eligible for inclusion. Thirteen studies used targeted methods restricted to pre-specified taxa, and one used 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In the targeted studies, NSPT was associated with reductions in periodontal pathogens, particularly <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Tannerella forsythia</i>, and <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>, which were found in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups, with small or no differences observed between the groups. There were improvements in probing depth, clinical attachment, bleeding on probing and plaque scores after NSPT in both groups, with no consistent between-group differences. In most studies, RoB 2 was rated \"some concerns\", and GRADE ranged from very low to moderate for microbiological and clinical outcomes. <b>Conclusion</b>: NSPT reduces selected periodontal pathogens and improves periodontal parameters in adults with periodontitis, with and without diabetes. Community-level microbiome evidence is limited to one small study, and the available data do not show whether diabetes modifies the microbiological response to NSPT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149264315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Traditional and Alternative Nicotine-Containing Product Use on Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Orsolya Vámos, Péter Komora, Noémi Gede, Kata Kelemen, Márta Losonczi, Alexander Schulze Wenning, Gábor Varga, Péter Hegyi, Barbara Kispélyi","doi":"10.3390/dj14100616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/dj14100616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Alternative nicotine-containing products have gained popularity in recent years. Our aim is to compare clinical periodontal outcomes following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) among patients with periodontitis according to nicotine exposure status: cigarette smokers (CS), former smokers (FS), quitters (Q), users of electronic cigarettes (EC), smokeless tobacco users (ST), and non-smokers (NS). <b>Methods</b>: A systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL) was performed until January 2025. Sixty-seven studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 56 studies were included in a frequentist network meta-analysis. Two researchers independently collected data on probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, plaque index, full mouth plaque score, gingival index, and gingival crevicular fluid volume. <b>Results</b>: NS had significantly higher change in PPD compared with CS (MD: 0.25; CI: 0.13, 0.37; 50 studies; 1359 patients; moderate certainty), EC (MD: 0.98; CI: 0.47, 1.49; 2 studies; 56 patients; very low certainty), and ST (MD: 0.99; CI: 0.49, 1.49; 2 studies; 82 patients; low certainty). Q (MD: 0.02; CI: -0.56, 0.60; 2 studies; 52 patients; low certainty) and FS (MD: 0.03; CI: -0.62, 0.69; 4 studies; 267 patients; low certainty) did not differ significantly from NS. In secondary outcomes, NS, FS, or Q were ranked first. <b>Conclusions</b>: FS and Q showed no statistically significant differences from NS; EC and ST generally had less favorable treatment rankings than CS. The certainty of evidence varied across exposure groups and outcomes. Further studies are needed to support firm clinical recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149264291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Abutment Screw Head Design with an Integrated Retrieval Feature: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Ricardo Batista, André Moreira, Nuno Alves, Maria Helena Figueiral, João Sampaio-Fernandes","doi":"10.3390/dj14090613","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to present the design of a novel abutment screw head featuring an integrated retrieval mechanism and to evaluate the retrievability of four prototype designs. <b>Methods</b>: In this in vitro mechanical study, the modified screws were produced by replicating the macrogeometry of the Brånemark and Klockner VEGA abutment screws and incorporating a secondary screw chamber below the original one, with a 1.0 mm or 0.9 mm hexagonal design. Sixty screws were manufactured, fifteen for each group: BC0.9, BC1.0, KC0.9, and KC1.0. Retrieval success and the relationship between peak tightening and loosening torque were evaluated (α = 0.05). <b>Results</b>: All screws tolerated tightening at a torque 20% above the manufacturer's recommendation. Most specimens from BC0.9 and KC0.9 failed during loosening, while all specimens in BC1.0 and KC1.0 were successfully retrieved. Regarding peak tightening torque and the loosening-to-tightening ratio, neither prototype exhibited a statistically significant correlation. BC1.0 demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation between peak tightening torque and peak loosening torque, whereas KC1.0 showed a weaker relationship; detailed correlation coefficients and <i>p</i>-values are reported in the Results. <b>Conclusions</b>: Under the in vitro conditions tested, the prosthetic screw incorporating a 1.0 mm secondary retrieval head demonstrated reliable retrieval performance, supporting its potential as a simple retrieval system. These findings represent a proof-of-concept and require further mechanical and clinical investigation before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Impaction to Eruption, Simplified Management of Two Teeth Impacted by a Large Mandibular Cyst: A Clinical Case Report.","authors":"Ioannis P Zogakis, Chrysanthi Anagnostou, Theodoros Lillis","doi":"10.3390/dj14090614","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Dentigerous cysts are odontogenic cysts enclosing the crown of an unerupted, developing tooth, therefore disrupting the normal eruption process, leading to tooth impaction. This case report describes the successful multidisciplinary management of a large mandibular clinicoradiographic dentigerous cyst associated with two impacted permanent teeth, highlighting the potential for spontaneous tooth eruption following conservative surgical treatment. <b>Methods</b>: A healthy 14-year-old male presented with a large mandibular cyst associated with two unerupted permanent teeth. Clinical examination revealed mixed, spaced dentition with bilateral Class I molar relationships. Radiographic examination demonstrated a well-defined radiolucent lesion in the mandibular body surrounding the crown of an impacted first premolar and displacing the adjacent permanent canine. As no histopathological examination was performed, the diagnosis was established on clinical and radiographic grounds. Treatment objectives were to resolve the cystic lesion, promote spontaneous eruption of the impacted teeth, achieve alveolar bone regeneration and resolve the associated malocclusion. Marsupialization was performed, followed by periodic clinical and radiographic monitoring. Active orthodontic treatment was initiated 29 months after surgery, once satisfactory spontaneous tooth eruption and bone healing had been achieved. <b>Results</b>: Marsupialization resulted in resolution of the cyst, spontaneous eruption of both impacted permanent teeth, substantial alveolar bone regeneration with restoration of normal trabecular architecture and interproximal bone height, and successful subsequent orthodontic correction of the malocclusion. <b>Conclusions</b>: Conservative management with marsupialization can effectively treat large clinicoradiographic dentigerous cysts in growing patients while preserving the associated teeth and promoting spontaneous eruption and bone regeneration. Careful long-term follow-up and appropriately timed orthodontic intervention can result in favorable functional and radiographic outcomes, supporting a biologically driven, minimally invasive treatment approach, supported by appropriately timed technical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Implementation Gap: Artificial Intelligence in Periodontology from Proof-of-Concept to Clinical Governance-A Systematic Scoping Review with Evidence from Kazakhstan.","authors":"Yerbol Ayash, Aigul Ismailova, Kenesh Dzhusupov, Akerke Chayakova, Anar Aidarkhanova","doi":"10.3390/dj14090615","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Periodontitis, the sixth most prevalent disease worldwide, affects over 740 million people and disproportionately burdens transitional economies. Although artificial intelligence (AI)-including deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML)-achieves high diagnostic accuracy in research settings, a gap persists between proof-of-concept and real-world deployment, especially where regulation is nascent, as in Kazakhstan. This scoping review maps global evidence on AI for periodontal diagnosis, risk prediction, and monitoring; evaluates governance frameworks; and proposes a contextualised implementation model for emerging health systems. <b>Methods:</b> Following PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA 2020 guidance, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched (January 2015-April 2025), supplemented by regulatory and grey literature; ten additional sources published after the search closure were subsequently identified through citation checking and expert peer review during revision, as a targeted amendment rather than a re-executed database search. Forty sources in total (29 peer-reviewed empirical and review studies plus 11 regulatory, grey literature, and patent documents) met the inclusion criteria and were charted thematically. <b>Results</b>: Two dominant paradigms emerged: image-based DL (convolutional neural networks and Vision Transformers), achieving 73-98.6% accuracy for radiographic bone loss detection, and ML-based non-clinical screening using patient-reported data and salivary biomarkers. Digital tools (smart toothbrushes, chatbots, and IoT platforms) form a third domain. Performance dropped consistently on external validation, reflecting data quality and sample size constraints. Regulatory analysis showed convergence of the EU AI Act, U.S. FDA framework, WHO guidance, and Kazakhstan's AI Development Concept (2024-2029) around risk-based classification, transparency, and post-market surveillance. <b>Conclusions</b>: Safe, effective AI integration in periodontology requires a phased approach: national multimodal databases, local clinical validation, certified workflow integration, continuous monitoring, population-level surveillance, and legal governance covering liability and insurance. Kazakhstan's evolving regulatory and digitalisation strategy may offer a context-specific case for evaluating AI adoption pathways across Central Asia and transitional economies, pending prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13604993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Corona Discharge Treatment on the Adhesion of Polyetheretherketone Using Resin Cement.","authors":"Saho Tsukada, Takahiro Wada, Kei Ushijima, Noriko Hiraishi, Masaomi Ikeda, Yasushi Shimada, Mao Hori, Akira Matsumoto, Motohiro Uo","doi":"10.3390/dj14090609","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Although polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely used for its excellent properties, its chemical inertness remains an ongoing challenge. This study aims to evaluate the effects of corona discharge (CD) treatment on the adhesion of dental PEEK to resin cement. <b>Methods</b>: Mirror-polished (MP) or sandblasted (SB) PEEK specimens were divided into CD-treated [CD(+)] and -untreated [CD(-)] groups. Following primer application, the specimens were bonded with resin cement and subjected to either 0 (TC0) or 5000 (TC5000) thermal cycles. The tensile bond strength (TBS) was measured and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and <i>t</i>-tests (α = 0.05). Failure modes were analyzed and classified as adhesive, mixed, or cohesive. The surface roughness and contact angle were also evaluated. <b>Results</b>: CD treatment increased the surface roughness of the MP specimens while slightly decreasing that of the SB specimens. The wettability of both surfaces was significantly improved after CD treatment. However, no significant differences in TBS between the CD(-) and CD(+) groups were observed for either the MP or SB specimens. No significant differences in TBS were observed under different TC durations, regardless of CD treatment. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although CD treatment significantly improved the surface roughness and wettability of dental PEEK, it did not enhance the TBS of either the MP or SB surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Sequential Distalization with Clear Aligners: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Martin Baxmann, Márton Zsoldos, Krisztina Kárpáti","doi":"10.3390/dj14090611","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Sequential distalization with clear aligners is increasingly used as a non-extraction approach for correcting Class II and selected Class III malocclusions. However, evidence remains heterogeneous regarding treatment protocols, anchorage strategies, and clinical outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical outcomes of sequential distalization with clear aligners, including achieved posterior tooth movement, predictability, biomechanical effects, and other clinically relevant outcomes. <b>Methods</b>: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and the protocol was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception through 1 July 2026. Eligible clinical studies evaluating sequential distalization with clear aligners were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed for sufficiently comparable outcomes, and certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. <b>Results</b>: Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Pooled mean achieved distalization was 1.72 mm (95% CI, 1.02-2.42) for the maxillary first molar and 1.76 mm (95% CI, 1.12-2.40) for the maxillary second molar. Pooled distal tipping was 5.33° (95% CI, 1.37-9.30) for first molars and 5.77° (95% CI, -6.84-18.38) for second molars. First-molar intrusion was 0.58 mm (95% CI, 0.05-1.10). Movement predictability varied substantially across studies. Certainty of evidence was very low across clinically important domains. <b>Conclusions</b>: Sequential distalization with clear aligners may achieve moderate maxillary molar distalization but is accompanied by variable movement expression and biomechanical effects. Heterogeneous protocols and limited study quality restrict the certainty and generalizability of current estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete, Selective, and Stepwise Carious Tissue Removal for Deep Carious Lesions in Vital Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Emile Laville, Alexandra Pinto Rodrigues, Paulo Mascarenhas","doi":"10.3390/dj14090610","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This systematic review compared complete (CCR), selective (SCR), and stepwise (SWR) carious tissue removal in vital permanent teeth with deep carious lesions. <b>Methods</b>: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and B-on were searched through 20 January 2026. Randomized trials were assessed with RoB 2, grouped by trial family, and analysed by distinct outcomes. Direct random-effects models were fitted only with at least three informative independent families, using REML and modified Knapp-Hartung inference. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261321894). <b>Results</b>: Eleven reports from seven families were included. For SCR versus SWR, intraoperative exposure occurred in 0/295 versus 12/288 teeth (pooled RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.003-4.64; <i>p</i> = 0.127; three families), and late pulpal failure at 12-24 months occurred in 11/254 versus 22/243 teeth (pooled RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.01-21.53; <i>p</i> = 0.510; I-squared = 72.2%; three families). Both outcomes had very low-certainty evidence. Other direct contrasts were study-specific, and the exploratory network was too sparse for reliable inference. <b>Conclusions</b>: Evidence was insufficient to demonstrate a difference or establish superior long-term pulpal or restorative outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Panoramic Radiographs to AI-Assisted Radiographic Periodontal Charting: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Lluís Brunet-Llobet, Albert Ramírez-Rámiz, Judit Rabassa-Blanco, Pau Cahuana-Bartra, María Dolores Rocha-Eiroa, Elias Isaack Mashala, Jaume Miranda-Rius","doi":"10.3390/dj14090612","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj14090612","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Periodontal charting remains the gold standard for periodontal diagnosis but is time-consuming, operator-dependent, and not always feasible in routine clinical practice. In contrast, panoramic radiographs are widely available and increasingly amenable to automated analysis through artificial intelligence (AI). Recent AI systems have demonstrated high accuracy in the detection and quantification of periodontal bone loss and in radiographic disease staging. &lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To review current evidence on AI applications in periodontal radiology and explore whether routinely acquired panoramic radiographs may support the development of AI-assisted radiographic periodontal charting. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This narrative review summarizes recent evidence regarding AI-based periodontal and peri-implant radiographic assessment. The literature was identified through searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using combinations of terms related to artificial intelligence, periodontal disease, radiographic diagnosis, panoramic radiography, and peri-implantitis, with emphasis on studies relevant to AI-assisted periodontal assessment. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Recent deep learning architectures have demonstrated high diagnostic performance for periodontal bone loss detection, quantification, and disease staging. Current AI systems are capable of identifying radiographic manifestations of periodontal destruction and localising key anatomical landmarks, including the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. However, they remain unable to assess clinical parameters such as probing depth, bleeding on probing, suppuration, and tooth mobility. The review highlights the distinction between Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Clinical Attachment Loss (CALoss), and radiographic measures of periodontal destruction. In this context, the concept of Radiographic Attachment Loss (RAL) is proposed as the radiographically measurable distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest, providing a conceptual estimate of periodontal support loss. &lt;b&gt;Discussion:&lt;/b&gt; The principal novelty of this review is the proposal of AI-assisted radiographic periodontal charting as a clinically oriented framework for translating AI-derived radiographic information into meaningful periodontal assessment. Rather than replacing conventional periodontal charting, this approach aims to transform routinely acquired panoramic radiographs into a source of structured periodontal information that may support screening, risk stratification, longitudinal monitoring, and clinical decision-making. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Artificial intelligence is unlikely to replace conventional periodontal examination. Nevertheless, AI-assisted radiographic periodontal charting may represent a realistic intermediate step between routine radiographic interpretation and comprehensive digital periodontal assessment. Future research should focus on validating AI-derived radiographic b","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13605085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}