Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Advancing Orthodontic Aesthetics: Exploring the Potential of Injectable Composite Resin Techniques for Enhanced Smile Transformations.","authors":"Davide Spadoni, Cristina Valeri, Vincenzo Quinzi, Ute Schneider Moser, Giuseppe Marzo","doi":"10.3390/dj13010018","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The injection moulding technique (IMT) is a minimally invasive restorative treatment. This technique enables the application of thin, flowable composite layers into a stable, transparent silicone index that serves as a mould. Due to the fluid properties of the composite, it efficiently fills the silicone tray and seamlessly integrates with the tooth structure, often obviating tooth preparation and preserving overall tooth integrity. The procedure employs the etch-and-rinse protocol and is highly reproducible. Minimally invasive restorative techniques are particularly relevant following orthodontic treatment, where minor tooth adjustments are often required to achieve optimal aesthetics and function. Integrating orthodontic and restorative treatments is pivotal for long-term success, especially in complex interdisciplinary cases. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study describes the application of conservative restoration using the IMT in two pediatric patients (12.6 years old and 12.3 years old) to restore maxillary lateral incisors before and after orthodontic treatment. The technique provides a viable option for temporary composite restorations until the patients are suitable candidates for permanent all-ceramic veneers. <b>Results:</b> The injectable technique is ideal for minimal diastemas, small interdental spaces, or retruded teeth. The cases presented, involving irregular tooth sizes and morphologies, demonstrate the suitability of the IMT in scenarios requiring an additive approach. This technique effectively addresses such irregularities without necessitating invasive preparation. <b>Conclusions:</b> The IMT is a valuable tool for pediatric patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, both at its initiation and completion. The technique assists orthodontists in finalising treatment by addressing Bolton index discrepancies and correcting tooth shape anomalies. Additionally, a digital workflow reduces clinical sessions, as thermo-printed retainers can be delivered during the same appointment as the IMT, providing economic and organisational benefits. This approach underscores the utility of the IMT in enhancing treatment efficiency and outcomes in orthodontic-restorative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative in Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Endodontic Sealers Against Common Oral Pathogens.","authors":"Csaba Dudás, Zsuzsanna Bardocz-Veres, Anita Iulia Gyulai, Silvia Izabella Pop, Melinda Székely, Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé, Mónika Kovács","doi":"10.3390/dj13010017","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Microorganisms are the leading cause of infections in the root canal system, contributing to the failure of endodontic treatments. This in vitro study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effects of four different endodontic sealers: Endomethasone N (Septodont, Saint Maur-des-Fossés, France), Sealapex (Kerr Corporation, Orange, CA, USA), AH Plus Jet (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), and MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil). <b>Methods</b>: The sealers were tested against common oral pathogens, including Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Streptococcus mutans, using the agar diffusion method. Inhibition zones were measured at 24, 48, and 72 h to assess antimicrobial efficacy. <b>Results</b>: The results showed that Endomethasone was the most effective sealer against all tested microorganisms, demonstrating consistent inhibition across all time intervals. MTA Fillapex also exhibited a significant antimicrobial effect, particularly against Streptococcus mutans, with its efficacy increasing over time. AH Plus Jet displayed limited effectiveness, showing significant results only against Staphylococcus aureus. <b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, this study confirms the superior antimicrobial performance of Endomethasone, while the other materials, particularly MTA Fillapex and Sealapex, also showed notable effects in experimental conditions. The antimicrobial activity of all materials, except AH Plus Jet, increased over the 72-h period.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Particle Abrasion in Dentistry: An Overview of Effects on Dentin Adhesion and Bond Strength.","authors":"Andreea Kui, Smaranda Buduru, Anca Labuneț, Sorina Sava, Dalia Pop, Iris Bara, Marius Negucioiu","doi":"10.3390/dj13010016","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Air particle abrasion (APA) is a common surface preparation method in dentistry, particularly for improving bond strength to dentin. This review evaluates the influence of APA on dentin adhesion. <b>Methods</b>: A systematic literature search from 2018 to 2023 was conducted according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Articles investigating the effects of APA on dentin adhesion using different particle types, sizes and adhesive systems were included. Data extraction included particle size, air pressure, outcomes tested and failure modes. <b>Results</b>: Fourteen primary studies met the criteria. Bioactive glass showed higher bond strength and more cohesive failures than alumina. Alumina particles (50 μm) bonded effectively in etch-and-rinse adhesive systems but failed more often in self-etch systems. Silica-modified alumina and mixed abrasive systems showed improvements in bonding performance. Optimal APA parameters were identified as 50 μm particle size, 60 psi (4 bar) air pressure and 5 s exposure time. Longer exposure times provided no additional benefit. Self-etch systems showed reduced bond strength compared to etch-and-rinse systems. <b>Conclusions</b>: This review looks at how particle type, size and air pressure affect dentin adhesion. Bioactive glass is a superior material due to its bond strength and reduced cytotoxicity. The optimal APA parameters are 50 μm particle size, 60 psi and 5 s. Etch-and-rinse systems are recommended for optimal adhesion. Further research is required on APA protocols and long-term durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Sex Matter in Obesity-Induced Periodontal Inflammation in the SS^LepR Mutant Rats?","authors":"Abdulmohsin Alhashim, Kim Capehart, Jocelyn Tang, Karim M Saad, Rafik Abdelsayed, Marion A Cooley, Jan M Williams, Ahmed A Elmarakby","doi":"10.3390/dj13010014","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased worldwide. Obesity has been shown to exacerbate the progression of periodontal disease. Studies suggest a sex difference in periodontitis, whereby males are more sensitive to periodontal inflammation compared to females. <b>Aim:</b> In the current study, it was hypothesized that obesity drives periodontal inflammation and bone loss in both sexes. <b>Methodology:</b> Utilizing leptin receptor mutant (SS^LepR mutant) rats as a genetic model of obesity, 11-12-week-old male and female lean Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats and obese SS^LepR mutant rats were used to investigate sex differences in obesity-induced periodontal inflammation. <b>Results:</b> Body weight, insulin, hemoglobin A1c and cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in the obese SS^LepR mutant strain vs. the lean SS strain within the same sex. Sex differences in body weight and plasma hemoglobin A1c were only observed in obese SS^LepR mutant rats, with males having significantly greater body weight and hemoglobin A1c vs. females. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), markers of systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, respectively, were significantly elevated in obese SS^LepR mutant rats vs. lean SS rats, with no sex differences in these parameters in either rat strains. Although micro-CT analyses of the maxillary first molar alveolar bone from obese SS^LepR mutant rats revealed no evidence of bone loss and/or sex differences, immuno-histochemical analysis revealed significant elevations in periodontal IL-6 and decreases in IL-10 in obese SS^LepR mutant rats vs. lean SS rats, with no apparent sex differences in these parameters. <b>Conclusions:</b> Obesity increases systemic and periodontal inflammation, without evidence of bone loss or apparent sex differences in SS^LepR mutant rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race to the Moon or the Bottom? Applications, Performance, and Ethical Considerations of Artificial Intelligence in Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry.","authors":"Amal Alfaraj, Toshiki Nagai, Hawra AlQallaf, Wei-Shao Lin","doi":"10.3390/dj13010013","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This review aims to explore the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in prosthodontics and implant dentistry, focusing on its performance outcomes and associated ethical concerns. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Following the PRISMA guidelines, a search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus. Studies published between January 2022 and May 2024, in English, were considered. The Population (P) included patients or extracted teeth with AI applications in prosthodontics and implant dentistry; the Intervention (I) was AI-based tools; the Comparison (C) was traditional methods, and the Outcome (O) involved AI performance outcomes and ethical considerations. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality and risk of bias in the studies. <b>Results:</b> Out of 3420 initially identified articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria for AI applications in prosthodontics and implant dentistry. The review highlighted AI's significant role in improving diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and prosthesis design. AI models demonstrated high accuracy in classifying dental implants and predicting implant outcomes, although limitations were noted in data diversity and model generalizability. Regarding ethical issues, five studies identified concerns such as data privacy, system bias, and the potential replacement of human roles by AI. While patients generally viewed AI positively, dental professionals expressed hesitancy due to a lack of familiarity and regulatory guidelines, highlighting the need for better education and ethical frameworks. <b>Conclusions:</b> AI has the potential to revolutionize prosthodontics and implant dentistry by enhancing treatment accuracy and efficiency. However, there is a pressing need to address ethical issues through comprehensive training and the development of regulatory frameworks. Future research should focus on broadening AI applications and addressing the identified ethical concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five Numerical Methods to Assess the Ischemic Risks in Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle Under Orthodontic Movements in Intact Periodontium In Vitro.","authors":"Radu-Andrei Moga, Cristian Doru Olteanu, Ada Gabriela Delean","doi":"10.3390/dj13010015","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Dental pulp and its neuro-vascular bundle (NVB) are among the least studied dental tissues. This study identified the best method for evaluating ischemic risks in the dental pulp and NVB of healthy lower premolars under orthodontic forces and in intact periodontium. <b>Methods</b>: Nine 3D models of the second lower premolar were reconstructed based on the CBCT scans from nine patients. Nine patients (CBCT scan) were subjected to 3 N of intrusion, extrusion, rotation, tipping, and translation. Five numerical methods, Tresca, von Mises (VM), Maximum and Minimum Principal, and hydrostatic pressure were used to biomechanically assess (totaling 225 simulations) the color-coded stress distribution in pulp and NVB. The results (both qualitative and quantitative) were correlated with the physiological maximum hydrostatic pressure (MHP) and known tissular biomechanical behavior. <b>Results</b>: All five methods displayed quantitative amounts of stress lower than MHP and did not seem to induce any ischemic risks for the NVB and pulp of healthy intact premolars. Among the five movements, rotation seemed the most stressful, while translation was the least stressful. The NVB displayed higher amounts of stress and tissular deformations than the pulp, seeming to be more exposed to ischemic risks. Higher tissular deformations are visible in NVB during intrusion and extrusion, while pulpal coronal stress is visible only during translation. Only the VM and Tresca methods showed a constant stress display pattern for all five movements. The other three methods displayed various inconsistencies related to the stress distribution pattern. <b>Conclusions</b>: Only the Tresca and VM methods can provide correct qualitative and quantitative data for the analysis of dental pulp and NVB. The other three methods are not suitable for the study of the pulp and NVB.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Comparative Outcomes of Short Implants Versus Maxillary Sinus Elevation in Posterior Maxilla Rehabilitation.","authors":"Eduardo Anitua, Laura Piñas, Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat","doi":"10.3390/dj13010012","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Vertical atrophy of the maxilla has traditionally been treated with sinus lift procedures and implant placement, performed in one or two surgical stages. Subsequently, the transcrestal sinus lift technique was introduced, offering distinct advantages in terms of indications and reduced morbidity. Most recently, short implants have emerged as a valid alternative to these procedures, even in cases of severe horizontal resorption, allowing for direct placement in many cases. This study was designed to assess the clinical outcomes of short implant placement in alveolar ridges with severe bone atrophy, compared with conventional-length implants placed in areas undergoing conventional sinus elevation. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective split-mouth study was conducted to compare conventional sinus elevation with standard-length implants versus short implants for addressing vertical bone atrophy in the posterior maxilla. The primary variable was the variation in the marginal bone level. The secondary variables were implant survival and complications. The evaluation of the statistical significance of the difference in categorical variables was accomplished by Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. The comparison between the study groups in continuous variables was performed using Wilcoxon test. The statistical significance was set at <i>p</i>-value < 0.05. <b>Results</b>: The study sample consisted of 24 patients and a total of 73 dental implants. The lateral sinus elevation group (LSEG) included 39 implants, while the short implants group (SIG) included 32 implants. All prostheses were screw-retained. Changes in marginal bone levels indicated a marginal bone loss of less than 0.5 mm in both groups, with no statistically significant difference. In the LSEG, two cases of mucositis were identified, attributed to improper use of an interdental brush. Additionally, two cases of prosthetic screw fracture were reported in the LSEG as technical complications. <b>Conclusions</b>: Long-term outcome data have provided evidence that the use of short implants is comparable to a state-of-the-art procedure (sinus grafting and placement of implants) regarding implant survival, marginal bone remodeling, and complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of Active Irrigation Systems in Root Canal Treatment: A Narrative Review and Critical Appraisal of Theory and Methodology.","authors":"Ignacio Barbero-Navarro, Iuliana Sofian-Pauliuc, Maria Esther Irigoyen-Camacho, Marco Antonio Zepeda-Zepeda, David Ribas-Perez, Antonio Luis Castaño-Seiquer","doi":"10.3390/dj13010009","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic therapy aims at preventing or curing apical periodontitis. To conduct this, the cleaning and shaping of the canals are essential. By using an irrigant, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), practitioners attempt to wash out debris, dissolve organic and inorganic tissue, lubricate the canals, prevent smear layer formation, and disrupt biofilms. Different methods have been developed to optimise the effectiveness of irrigants, including manual or passive techniques (the conventional method used worldwide) and active techniques (the irrigant is activated by certain devices to improve its flow in the root canal system). Some techniques included in the active category are ultrasonic and sonic methods, apical negative pressure irrigation, and multisonic activation. These active techniques appear to have higher effectiveness when compared to the conventional syringe method during the root canal treatment procedure. However, it is unclear whether they also have a higher influence on the treatment outcome and healing of apical periodontitis. There is a consensus on the need for endodontic studies with standardized protocols and methods to reach a standardized clinical protocol when using active irrigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Relationship Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Dento-Skeletal Maturation: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.","authors":"Alessio Verdecchia, Inmaculada Coronado de la Torre, Ivan Menéndez Diaz, Veronica García Sanz, Yolanda García Mesa, Teresa Cobo, Vanessa Paredes Gallardo","doi":"10.3390/dj13010008","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The aim of this cross-sectional study was to establish if there is a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and skeletodental development in young obese patients in comparison with normal-weight patients. <b>Methods:</b> The sample consisted of 178 individuals (115 normal weight, 37 overweight and 26 obese), aged 6 to 16 years, with a mean biological age of 11.96 ± 2.44 years. Dental maturation (dental age) was determined by using Demerjian's method; craniofacial growth pattern, skeletal and dental class were determined by using cephalometric measurements; skeletal maturation was determined by using Baccetti's method. Data were statistically analyzed. <b>Results:</b> According to Demirjian's method, the mean dental age of the overweight and obese subjects was significantly higher than that of the normal-weight subjects (<i>p</i> = 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.02, respectively). A higher rate of dental class III was detected in the overweight group (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Concerning cephalometric records, statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.018) were observed in the distribution of SNA and SNB values, higher values being found in obese subjects. No difference was detected in the distribution of the ANB angle between the groups. As regards craniofacial growth pattern, no significant differences were found between the groups. Children with obesity presented more advanced skeletal maturation, reaching statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.02), in comparison with the normal-weight subjects. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, obese children showed increased tooth and skeletal development in comparison to the normal-weight subjects. These findings may be of interest for orthodontists, who should consider weight status when performing orthodontic treatment in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Autofluorescence for Tumor Detection, Diagnosis, and Accurate Excision with Surgical Margin Assessment in Tumor Excision.","authors":"Antonis Perdiou, Ramona Dumitrescu, Daniela Jumanca, Octavia Balean, Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu, Serban Talpos, Dacian Virgil Lalescu, Atena Galuscan","doi":"10.3390/dj13010010","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13010010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Oral cancer ranks among the top ten cancers globally, with a five-year survival rate below 50%. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of autofluorescence-guided surgery compared to standard surgical methods in identifying tumor-free margins and ensuring complete excision. <b>Methods:</b> A prospective cohort of 80 patients was randomized into two groups: the control group underwent excision with a 10 mm margin based on clinical judgment, while the experimental group used autofluorescence guidance with a 5 mm margin beyond fluorescence visualization loss. Autofluorescence imaging was performed using the OralID device, which employs a 405 nm excitation laser to detect abnormal tissue. Ethical approval was obtained from the \"Spitalul Clinic Municipal de Urgență Timișoara\" Ethics Committee (approval number 08/26.02.2021), and the trial was registered at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara (trial no. 59/25.11.2021). A double analysis was conducted: a primary analysis of the full cohort and a subgroup analysis focusing on squamous cell carcinoma (control: <i>n</i> = 19; experimental: <i>n</i> = 24). Histopathological analysis was the gold standard for margin evaluation, with margins coded as tumor-free margins (0), close (1), or infiltrated (2). <b>Results:</b> Statistically significant differences were observed in tumor-free margins between the control (73.17%) and experimental (97%) groups (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Subgroup analysis for SCC showed no significant difference (control: 84.21%; experimental: 95.83%; <i>p</i> = 0.306). Tumor location also differed significantly <i>(p</i> = 0.011), while other baseline variables, such as tumor type and patient characteristics, showed no significant differences. <b>Conclusions:</b> Autofluorescence-guided surgery improves the detection of tumor-free margins and may serve as an effective adjunct in oral cancer management. Larger studies are recommended to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}