Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Smile Aesthetics in Dental Students: Perceptions of Tooth Colour Changes Due to Incisor Inclination and Micro- and Mini-Aesthetic Characteristics Assessed by Professionals and Laypersons.","authors":"Eugen Bud, Alexandru Vlasa, Anamaria Bud, Mariana Pacurar, Sorana Maria Bucur, Daniela Esian, Elena Stepco, Olga Cheptanaru, Bianca Gabriela Nenec, Andrei Cosmin Nenec","doi":"10.3390/dj13080380","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The present study investigated the relation between dental inclination, colorimetric variation, and aesthetic perception according to the modification of incisor inclination. Smile aesthetics, shaped by morphological factors and patient perception, are vital for social attractiveness and treatment success. This study aimed to assess the effect of varying head tilt on the perceived colour of upper central incisors by simulating changes in torque of the tooth, as well as evaluate factors influencing the perception of an aesthetic smile, including morphological characteristics and gingival aesthetic parameters. <b>Methods</b>: The study was comprised of three stages: colour analysis, evaluation of micro- and mini-aesthetic smile features, and an image-based assessment to determine evaluator perceptions and overall smile attractiveness. A sample of 50 students with complete, lesion-free anterior dentition was analysed. To simulate the effect of orthodontic torque changes during colour analysis, subjects tilted their heads downward and upward, representing palatal and buccal crown torque, respectively. Standardized macro-intraoral photographs were captured under controlled lighting conditions using a DSLR camera stabilized on a tripod in the different positions: the neutral head position (<i>p</i>0), 15° upward (<i>p</i> + 15), and 15° downward (<i>p</i> - 15). Digital colour analysis was conducted in the CIELAB colour space (L*, a*, b*). In the next stage, focusing on micro- and mini-aesthetic evaluation, an additional 50 smiles were generated using artificial intelligence via the SmileCloud program-one digitally enhanced smile per subject-complementing the initial set of 50 spontaneous smiles. These 100 smile images were evaluated by 50 laypersons and 50 dentists using a visual analogue scale via an online questionnaire, in order to assess perceptions, determine smile attractiveness, and quantify gingival aesthetic parameters. <b>Results</b>: The statistically significant regression results are as follows: those for the L* values in all three head inclinations: downward (-15 degrees), upward (+15 degrees), and total tilting (-15 to +15 degrees), as well as for the a* values for downward tilting and the b* values for total tilting. When the head is tilted downwards, the central incisors are positioned retrusively, and the L* b* values reveal a darker and more yellowish appearance, whereas, with the head tilted upwards, the central incisors protrude, and L* a* values indicate a brighter and more greenish appear. In the evaluation stage of the smile aesthetics study, no significant differences were observed in the judgments between laypersons and dentists or between males and females. Smiles with a high or average anterior line, parallel arc, upward lip curvature, visible first/second premolars, a smile index of 5.08-5.87, and symmetry score of 1.04 were rated as more attractive. Significant asymmetries were observed between up","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Method for the Digital Assessment of the Relative Density of Bone Tissue in Dentistry Using the ImageJ Software Package.","authors":"Mariya Ebrakhim, Denis Moiseev, Valery Strelnikov, Alaa Salloum, Ekaterina Faustova, Aleksandr Ermolaev, Yulianna Enina, Ellina Velichko, Yuriy Vasil'ev","doi":"10.3390/dj13080375","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Backgroud</b>: The aim of this study was to create an accessible, simple and reliable method for assessing the relative density of bone tissue in dentistry based on the analysis of digital panoramic radiographs. <b>Methods</b>: Measurement of average gray values on orthopantomograms was carried out using ImageJ Version 1.54i software. To estimate the relative bone density, functions for selecting regions of interest (ROI), calculating the area of selection, and statistics of the selected area were used. Statistical characteristics of samples and testing of hypotheses using statistical criteria were performed using Microsoft Excel. <b>Results</b>: we found that when manually selecting the reference and comparison areas for areas without signs of pathological changes in bone tissue, the average standard deviation was 0.058, and the coefficient of variation was 0.055 ± 0.011%, which makes the choice of the jaw angle as a reference more preferable. The average relative bone density of the assessed defective areas to the jaw angle was 0.64 ± 0.11, and the average relative bone density of the areas without pathology to the jaw angle was 1.052 ± 0.058. <b>Conclusions</b>: a research protocol was developed and justified using the ImageJ software package, which establishes a strict procedure for quantitative assessment of relative bone density based on the results of digital panoramic radiography. The proposed protocol can be used to monitor the condition of bone tissue after all types of dental treatment over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic and Crystallographic Analysis of Increased Acid Resistance of Melted Dental Enamel Using 445 nm Diode Laser: An Ex-Vivo Study.","authors":"Samir Nammour, Marwan El Mobadder, Aldo Brugnera, Praveen Arany, Mireille El Feghali, Paul Nahas, Alain Vanheusden","doi":"10.3390/dj13080376","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 445 nm diode laser in enhancing enamel resistance to acid-induced demineralization and to investigate the associated compositional and structural modifications using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystallographic analysis. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 126 extracted human teeth were used. A total of 135 (<i>n</i> = 135) enamel discs (4 × 4 mm) from 90 teeth were assigned to either a laser-irradiated group or an untreated control group for SEM, ESCA, and XRD analyses. Additionally, 24 mono-rooted teeth were used to measure pulp temperature changes during laser application. Laser irradiation was performed using a 445 nm diode laser with a pulse width of 200 ms, a repetition rate of 1 Hz, power of 1.25 W, an energy density of 800 J/cm², a power density of 3980 W/cm², and a 200 µm activated fiber. Following acid etching, SEM was conducted to assess microstructural and ionic alterations. The ESCA was used to evaluate the Ca/P ratio, and XRD analyses were performed on enamel powders to determine changes in phase composition and crystal lattice parameters. <b>Results</b>: The laser protocol demonstrated thermal safety, with minimal pulp chamber temperature elevation (0.05667 ± 0.04131 °C). SEM showed that laser-treated enamel had a smoother surface morphology and reduced acid-induced erosion compared with controls. Results of the ESCA revealed no significant difference in the Ca/P ratio between groups. XRD confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite structure in laser-treated enamel and detected an additional diffraction peak corresponding to a pyrophosphate phase, potentially enhancing acid resistance. Results of the spectral analysis showed the absence of α-TCP and β-TCP phases and a reduction in the carbonate content in the laser group. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the a-axis lattice parameter suggested lattice compaction in laser-treated enamel. <b>Conclusions</b>: Irradiation with a 445 nm diode laser effectively enhances enamel resistance to acid demineralization. This improvement may be attributed to chemical modifications, particularly pyrophosphate phase formation, and structural changes including prism-less enamel formation, surface fusion, and decreased permeability. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of laser-induced enhancement of acid resistance in enamel.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue Behavior of Multi/Unit-Supported Dental Restorations: Implant Platform vs. Prosthetic Platform.","authors":"Eduardo Anitua, Mikel Armentia, Ernest Mallat, Beatriz Anitua","doi":"10.3390/dj13080374","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing popularity of Multi/Unit abutments in dental restorations is attributed to their clinical advantages, yet little is known about their mechanical behavior, particularly in terms of fatigue performance. <b>Background/Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of Multi/Unit abutments with a focus on the impact of implant and prosthetic platform diameters on fatigue performance. <b>Methods:</b> Five dental restoration models were analyzed using Finite Element Analysis by incorporating implants of identical length and body diameter but varying implant platform size (3.5 and 4.1 mm) and prosthetic platform size (3.5, 4.1, and 5.5 mm). Mechanical stresses on critical sections of the screws were assessed under cyclic loads. <b>Results:</b> The results revealed that the implant platform diameter had minimal influence on the fatigue performance of the prosthetic screw, while a wider prosthetic platform significantly improved its mechanical behavior by reducing stress and allowing the use of larger screw metrics. These findings emphasize that the prosthetic platform diameter plays a crucial role in protecting the prosthetic screw, which is often the critical component in dental restorations that use Multi/Unit abutments. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study highlights the importance of carefully selecting platform dimensions to optimize the mechanical performance and longevity of dental restorations utilizing Multi/Unit abutments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Oro-Maxillofacial Disorders: A Statistical Perspective.","authors":"Ionut Catalin Botezatu, Mihaela Salceanu, Ana Emanuela Botez, Cristina Daniela Dimitriu, Oana Elena Ciurcanu, Claudiu Topoliceanu, Elena-Carmen Cotrutz, Maria-Alexandra Martu","doi":"10.3390/dj13080373","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The goal of this research was to determine the prevalence and distribution of the oro-maxillofacial pathologies in patients with diabetes mellitus and to determine the correlation between diabetes mellitus and oro-maxillofacial disorders. <b>Methods</b>: The retrospective study group consisted of 6868 patients (mean age 49.84 ± 22.79 years) admitted in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department between 2018 and 2024. Qualitative data were analyzed by Chi-square (χ²) test. Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR) were measured for each oro-maxillofacial pathology. Quantitative data were analyzed by Student's T-test. <b>Results</b>: Among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), the estimated risk of malignant tumors was 5.29 times higher (RR = 5.29; <i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to the non-DM group, with 15.0% of diabetic patients affected, versus 1.4% in the non-diabetic group. The probability of periodontal disease in diabetic patients was 4.66 times higher (RR = 4.66; <i>p</i> = 0.001), affecting 5.5% of the DM group, compared to only 0.6% in the non-DM group. Diabetic patients had a likelihood 3.53 times higher (RR = 3.53; <i>p</i> = 0.001) of developing apical periodontitis, with 5.3% of the DM group affected, in contrast to 1.0% of the non-DM group. The presence of root remnants was 1.43 times more likely (RR = 1.43; <i>p</i> = 0.001) in diabetic patients, with 9.0% of the DM group affected, compared to 6.1% in the non-DM group. <b>Conclusions</b>: The strong correlation between diabetes and oral pathologies, particularly malignancies and periodontal disease, underscores the need for early screening, preventive care, and targeted management strategies for diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Herbal and Potassium Nitrate Toothpastes in Managing Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"La-Ongthong Vajrabhaya, Supranee Benjasupattananan, Kraisorn Sappayatosok, Papatpong Sirikururat, Suwanna Korsuwannawong, Vittawin Dechosilpa","doi":"10.3390/dj13080369","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a toothpaste containing Java Tea and Little Ironweed in alleviating tooth sensitivity compared to a conventional potassium nitrate toothpaste. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 90 healthy patients aged 18-70 with up to two teeth exhibiting gingival recession were recruited into this study. All selected teeth had a visual analog scale (VAS) score ≥ 4 in response to tactile or air blast stimuli. Excluded teeth included those requiring restoration or participants undergoing treatments affecting sensitivity or taking pain medication/anti-sensitivity agents. Participants were randomly divided into three groups and instructed to brush twice daily with different toothpastes. The S1 group was prescribed toothpaste containing Java Tea and Little Ironweed extract, the S2 group was prescribed toothpaste containing Java Tea and Little Ironweed extract with 0.7% potassium nitrate, and the S3 group was prescribed toothpaste containing potassium nitrate. VAS scores were recorded at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Data were then compared and statistically analyzed between the groups. <b>Results</b>: For the tactile test, the final number of included teeth was 47 in the S1 group, 46 in the S2 group, and 22 in the S3 group. For the air blast test, the number of teeth included was 38 in the S1 group, 30 in the S2 group, and 27 in the S3 group. At baseline, mean VAS scores were comparable across groups for both tactile (S1: 6.89 ± 0.98; S2: 6.65 ± 1.52; S3: 6.82 ± 1.99) and air blast tests (S1: 7.39 ± 1.15; S2: 7.53 ± 1.31; S3: 6.89 ± 2.12). All groups showed significant reductions in VAS scores from baseline at both 2 and 4 weeks. A Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant between-group differences in VAS scores at 2 and 4 weeks (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Post hoc analysis (Dunn's test with Bonferroni correction) at 2 weeks revealed that the S1 group had significantly higher VAS scores than those of S2 (tactile <i>p</i> = 0.001, air blast <i>p</i> = 0.001) and S3 (tactile <i>p</i> = 0.002, air blast <i>p</i> = 0.018). By 4 weeks, the S2 group demonstrated superior efficacy, with significantly lower VAS scores compared to those of S1 (tactile <i>p</i> < 0.001, air blast <i>p</i> = 0.030) and S3 (tactile <i>p</i> = 0.035, air blast <i>p</i> = 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: All tested toothpastes effectively reduced dentin hypersensitivity over the study period. Potassium nitrate toothpaste provided more rapid initial relief, when compared to the herbal formulation alone; however, both achieved similar outcomes by 4 weeks. The herbal toothpaste supplemented with potassium nitrate demonstrated superior efficacy and may offer a promising natural alternative for managing dentin hypersensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Evaluation of Three NiTi Rotary Systems: Clinical Simulation, Mechanical Testing, and Finite Element Analysis.","authors":"Jesus A Aparicio, Pedro M Mendez S, Giulia Malvicini, Simone Grandini, Carlo Gaeta, Ana Paula García Guerrero, Kristel Lidice Miranda Robles, José Aranguren, Alejandro R Pérez","doi":"10.3390/dj13080368","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to compare the clinical durability, mechanical performance, and stress behavior of three NiTi rotary systems-BlueShaper (Blue), BlueShaper Pro (Dual Wire), and BlueShaper Gold (fully gold-treated NiTi)-through a multimodal evaluation that included simulated instrumentation in 3D-printed replicas, mechanical testing, and finite element analysis (FEA). <b>Methods:</b> Sixty instruments (n = 20 per group) were tested. Simulated canal preparation was conducted in standardized 3D-printed mandibular molars with a 40° mesial root curvature until fracture occurred. Mechanical tests included torsional and flexural loading using a universal testing machine and stainless steel blocks with a standardized 40° curvature. FEA simulations evaluated von Mises stress, shear stress, total deformation, cyclic fatigue behavior, and contact pressure between the instrument and canal wall. <b>Results:</b> BlueShaper Gold prepared an average of 7.5 canals before fracture, followed by BlueShaper Pro (5.67 canals) and Blue (5.00 canals) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Gold exhibited the highest torsional resistance (6.08 ± 3.08 N) and the longest fatigue life (325 ± 55.7 cycles), with the lowest von Mises stress and damage factor in FEA. BlueShaper Pro showed the longest time to fracture in mechanical testing (73.85 ± 7.10 s) and balanced mechanical behavior. Blue demonstrated the lowest performance across most parameters, including the shortest fatigue life and highest stress concentration. <b>Conclusions:</b> BlueShaper Gold exhibited the highest mechanical strength and fatigue resistance. BlueShaper Pro demonstrated the longest fatigue life and balanced mechanical behavior. Blue showed the lowest performance across most parameters. The strong correlation among clinical, mechanical, and FEA data reinforces the critical role of alloy composition in determining instrument durability, even when design remains constant.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Thermal Ageing on Flexural Strength and Microhardness of Novel High-Performance Polymer (Nanoksa G-Plus) in Comparison to a Widely Used Bio-HPP/PEEK.","authors":"Ramy Abdallah Abdelrahim, Ahmed Ali Ezzeldine, Mahmoud Abdellah, SaadEldein Sadeq Elghazawi","doi":"10.3390/dj13080370","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The dental industry is continuously developing high-performance polymer (HPP) materials with different qualities for denture frameworks. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess how thermal ageing (TA) affects the flexural strength (FS) and microhardness of two different HPP materials: Nanoksa G-plus and Bio-HPP/PEEK. <b>Methods:</b> The TA process was carried out for 5000 cycles at 5 °C and 55 °C in distilled water. To assess FS, a total of 40 bar-shaped specimens measuring 65.0 mm × 10.0 mm × 2.5 mm (20 per group) were obtained; TA and No-TA (NTA) subgroups were prepared for each material group (10 per subgroup); and a three-point bending test was conducted using an Instron universal testing machine. Each specimen that fractured during the FS test was subjected to microhardness measurement using a Vickers hardness tester. The mean FS and microhardness of the TA and NTA specimens were statistically examined using the <i>t</i>-test. <b>Results:</b> Both the TA and NTA Bio-HPP/PEEK specimens exhibited significantly greater (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) microhardness and FS qualities than the Nanoksa G-Plus specimens. The FS and microhardness of the Bio-HPP/PEEK and Nanoksa G-Plus materials significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) after TA. <b>Conclusions:</b> The Bio-HPP/PEEK material showed better FS and microhardness properties than the Nanoksa G-Plus material. TA considerably decreased the FS and microhardness of the Bio-HPP/PEEK and Nanoksa G-Plus materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quorum-Quenching AHL-Lactonase Est816 Inhibits Polymicrobial Subgingival-Plaque-Derived Biofilm Formation.","authors":"Zelda Ziyi Zhao, Wenwen Shan, Xiaoyu Sun, Tianfan Cheng, Jing Zhang, Chun Hung Chu","doi":"10.3390/dj13080372","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the quorum-quenching enzyme <i>N</i>-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL)-lactonase Est816 on biofilm formation in subgingival plaque microbiota from participants with advanced periodontitis. <b>Methods</b>: Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 30 adults with untreated Stage III or higher periodontitis and cultured anaerobically. Est816 was applied in vitro, with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) serving as the control. Biofilm composition was analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and alpha diversity metrics were assessed. Differential taxa abundance was assessed with the multivariate statistical software MaAsLin3. Biofilm morphology, biomass, and thickness were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), crystal violet staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). <b>Results</b>: Est816 significantly reduced microbial richness (Chao1 Index, <i>p</i> = 0.031), biofilm biomass (64% reduction, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and thickness (76% reduction, <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to controls. SEM revealed fragmented biofilm architecture in Est816-treated samples. <b>Conclusions</b>: AHL-lactonase Est816 inhibited polymicrobial subgingival-plaque-derived biofilm formation while reducing species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and community evenness. These findings demonstrate Est816's potential as an adjunctive therapy for disrupting pathogenic biofilms in periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Customized CAD/CAM vs. Stock Titanium Abutments for Immediate Implant Placement in Class II Extraction Sockets: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ali Robaian, Mohamed Mofreh Hamed, Yousra Ahmed, Fatma E A Hassanein","doi":"10.3390/dj13080371","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13080371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone, particularly in Class II extraction sockets with partial facial bone loss, presents challenges in achieving soft and hard tissue stability. Customized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) titanium abutments may offer advantages over prefabricated stock abutments. This study compared the clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes of customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments versus stock Laser-Lok stock abutments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a single-center, double-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 patients received immediate maxillary anterior implants restored with either customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments (<i>n</i> = 24) or stock titanium abutments (<i>n</i> = 24). Primary outcomes included peri-implant probing depth (PD), mucosal height, Pink Esthetic Score (PES), crestal bone level changes, and patient satisfaction assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-loading. Statistical analysis included effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, the customized abutment group showed significantly shallower PD (mean difference: -0.54 mm; 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.35; <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher PES (12.21 ± 0.35 vs. 10.41 ± 1.17; <i>p</i> < 0.0001; Cohen's d = 2.08), and less crestal bone loss (1.75 ± 0.36 mm vs. 2.33 ± 0.52 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Patient satisfaction scores were also higher in the customized group (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Within-group improvements were observed in both groups over time. No implant failures occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At 1-year follow-up, customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments demonstrated improved peri-implant soft tissue parameters, esthetics, and patient satisfaction compared to stock abutments. While these findings support their use in esthetically demanding immediate implant cases, the short-term duration and single-center design warrant further long-term multicenter studies to confirm durability.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 19/01/2025 (NCT06791655).</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12385633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}