Diagnostics最新文献

{"title":"One-Year Follow-Up of Non-Healing Socket in Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patient: Case Report and Literature Review on Management Strategies.","authors":"Ahmed Ata Alfurhud","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101215","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance:</b> Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used in root canal treatment for its potent antiseptic and antibacterial effects. However, its cytotoxicity-particularly at higher concentrations and in patients with low immune status-has been associated with serious postoperative complications. This case report describes the risks associated with NaOCl exposure in a medically compromised patient and reviews the relevant literature on NaOCl-related injuries, offering insights into potential current management strategies. <b>Case Presentation:</b> This case report describes a challenging scenario of a 25-year-old male with a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed a non-healing bone in the lower right first molar (LR6) region after NaOCl exposure. Several months after undergoing root canal treatment and an extraction of the LR6, the patient presented with exposed necrotic bone in the region. The case's complexity was heightened by the patient's medical and dental history, which included chemotherapy and NaOCl exposure. Following a detailed clinical, radiographic examination and biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with bone necrosis due to NaOCl exposure. The treatment involved the extraction of the LR6, the debridement of the necrotic bone, and long-term follow-up with antimicrobial therapy. Despite efforts to manage the complication, the healing process was prolonged, potentially due to the patient's immunocompromised state from chemotherapy. The patient's condition remained unresolved after nearly a year, and ongoing management, including regular follow-up, was necessary to monitor healing and prevent further complications. This case highlights the challenges of treating dental complications in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with Hodgkin's lymphoma, where delayed healing is a problem that might occur. <b>Conclusions</b>: Given the complexity of this case, different adjunctive treatment options, such as leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), pentoxifylline and tocopherol (PENTO), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), were discussed as potential treatments to help manage non-healing sockets in patients with similar conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological Fractures of the Mandible: Our Department's 15-Year Experience.","authors":"Georgios Chatziantoniou, Dimitris Tatsis, Solon Politis, Antonios Saramantos, Nikolaos Koukolis, Konstantinos Paraskevopoulos","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101216","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Pathological fractures of the mandible are uncommon and often result from underlying conditions such as osteoradionecrosis, malignancies, or medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Their management is challenging due to compromised bone quality and complex patient comorbidities. This study presents a 15-year experience from a tertiary oral and maxillofacial surgery center, highlighting the clinical characteristics, etiologies, treatment approaches, and outcomes of these fractures. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective review was conducted on patients diagnosed with pathological mandibular fractures between 2010 and 2024. Data collected included demographics, fracture etiology and location, diagnostic imaging, treatment modality, complications, and long-term outcomes. <b>Results</b>: Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 66.4 years, with a predominance of male patients (78%). The most common etiology was osteoradionecrosis (48%), followed by primary malignancy (22%) and MRONJ (16%). In 82% of cases, surgical management was required, most frequently involving marginal or segmental mandibular resection (gnathectomy), with or without immediate reconstruction. Conservative treatment was reserved for select cases with high surgical risk. Complications occurred in 54% of patients, including persistent fistulas, pathological communication with the skin or oral cavity, and the need for revision surgery. Long-term follow-up revealed variable survival, with many patients experiencing reduced quality of life due to complex postoperative courses. <b>Conclusions</b>: Pathological fractures of the mandible present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in patients with osteoradionecrosis or malignancies. Early diagnosis and individualized, multidisciplinary treatment planning are essential. This study underscores the need for a standardized classification system and treatment algorithm to guide management and improve outcomes in this complex patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Children with Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.","authors":"Milica Cekerevac, Jelena Pantovic, Marija Medovic, Nebojsa Igrutinovic, Sanja Knezevic, Bojana Markovic, Isidora Mihajlovic, Zeljko Todorovic, Tijana Maksic, Natalija Vitosevic, Suzana Zivojinovic, Jelena Cekovic Djordjevic, Tijana Prodanovic, Rasa Medovic","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101217","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (chITP) is an autoimmune disease which develops in 10-30% of patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ndITP). It is defined as thrombocytopenia which lasts longer than 12 months, with extremely diverse clinical expressions. The aim is to present the most significant clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with chITP. <b>Methods</b>: This is retrospective, observational research, which included children between 2-18 years with chITP who were treated in the Republic of Serbia for 25 years. We analyzed clinical data from personal and family medical histories and different laboratory analyses. <b>Results</b>: The total number of respondents was 152, with female predominance (F:M = 1.27:1) and mild predominance of adolescents. Of the patients, 15% were asymptomatic, but 15% had periodically life-threatening bleeding. Transfusion was not required for 70% of patients. Thirty-five percent of patients had chITP alone, and 45% had high titer levels of autoantibodies. The most frequent comorbidity was Hashimoto thyroiditis (15%). The same percentage (45%) of family members were reported with and without autoimmune diseases. Twenty-five percent of patients were resistant to initial therapy. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> was detected in 20%, 70% had higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), three patients had sufficient serum vitamin D levels, splenomegaly was found in 25%, and accessory spleen in 14% of patients. Around 50% of patients had a platelet count between 20-50 × 10⁹/L, and 40% below 20 × 10⁹/L. Mean platelet volume (MPV) was 10.6 ± 1.4 fL. No dysplastic changes were noted in bone marrow aspirate. Initial first-line therapy was sufficient for 45% of patients, second-line therapy was administered in 25%, splenectomy was performed in 20%, and 10% received all available treatments. <b>Conclusions</b>: The severe clinical form of pediatric chITP is accompanied by a low platelet count, the presence of autoimmune comorbidities, a positive family medical history, resistance to initial therapy, hypovitaminosis D, and rare megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an RT-LAMP Assay for Detecting <i>tet</i>(M) in <i>Enterococcus</i> Species: Enhancing AMR Surveillance Within the One Health Sectors.","authors":"Ebthag A M Mussa, Anis Rageh Al-Maleki, Musheer A Aljaberi, Abdulsamad Alsalahi, Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa, Azmiza Syawani Jasni, Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon, Atiyeh M Abdallah, Rukman Awang Hamat","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101213","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria in humans, animals, and the environment underscores the necessity for a rapid, sensitive, and specific method to identify resistance genes. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aims to develop a reliable detection tool for identifying the tetracycline-resistant gene <i>tet</i>(M) in <i>Enterococcus</i> species using a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay. Real-time visualization through a turbidimeter enabled precise estimation of time-to-positivity for gene detection. <b>Methodology</b>: Six primers were designed using PrimerExplorer v.5, and the assay was optimized across different temperatures and incubation times. Validation was conducted by testing 52 <i>tet</i>(M)-positive clinical enterococci isolates and spiking urine samples from a healthy volunteer and a cow with <i>tet</i>(M)-positive <i>Enterococcus</i> species. <b>Results:</b> The <i>tet</i>(M) gene was detected as early as 33 min, with optimal amplification occurring within 60 min at 60 °C. The assay demonstrated 100% specificity with the established primers. The sigmoidal graphs were corroborated with visual confirmation methods, including a green color change (visible to the naked eye), green fluorescence (under UV light), and a 200 bp PCR product observed via agarose gel electrophoresis. Notably, the <i>tet</i>(M) RT-LAMP assay exhibited a detection limit of 0.001 pg/μL, significantly surpassing conventional PCR, which had a detection limit of 0.1 pg/μL. <b>Conclusions</b>: This rapid, cost-effective, highly sensitive, and specific <i>tet</i>(M) RT-LAMP assay holds significant promise as a surveillance tool for antimicrobial resistance monitoring within a One Health framework, particularly in low-resource countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Radiographic Correlation of the Foot Posture Index-6: A Multi-Rater Analysis in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals.","authors":"Min Gyu Kyung, Yun Jae Cho, Jae Hee Lee, Min Seok Shin, Jay Hoon Park, Dong Yeon Lee","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101214","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The foot posture index (FPI-6) is a practical clinical tool for evaluating standing foot posture using six specific criteria. Although widely used, its reliability and correlation with radiographic parameters remain uncertain. This study aimed to assess the inter-rater reliability of the FPI-6, in both asymptomatic individuals and patients with foot and ankle symptoms, and to examine its correlation with radiographic measurements. <b>Methods</b>: We included 40 asymptomatic male volunteers (group A) and 60 symptomatic patients (group B). Four raters independently assessed the FPI-6 scores, and inter-rater reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Radiographic parameters included the talocalcaneal angle (TCA) on anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views, talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA), AP talo-first metatarsal angle (TMA), hindfoot alignment angle (HAA), calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), and Meary's angle (MA). Correlations between the FPI-6 and radiographic measurements were analyzed using Pearson's correlation (<i>r</i>). <b>Results</b>: The FPI-6 showed good to excellent inter-rater reliability in both groups, with higher consistency in group B and among experienced raters. The total FPI-6 score significantly correlated with TNCA (<i>r</i> = 0.665), AP TMA (<i>r</i> = 0.453), lateral TCA (<i>r</i> = 0.369), MA (<i>r</i> = 0.570), and HAA (<i>r</i> = -0.773) (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). Group B demonstrated overall stronger correlations between the FPI-6 and radiographic measurements compared to group A (TNCA: 0.664 vs. 0.258; AP TMA: 0.542 vs. 0.139; lateral TCA: 0.492 vs. -0.101; MA: 0.544 vs. 0.172; and HAA: -0.712 vs. -0.374). <b>Conclusions</b>: With careful application, the FPI-6 is a reliable and valid tool for clinical assessment of foot posture, especially in settings without immediate access to radiographs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in Gastric Mucosa.","authors":"Matilda Djolai, Jovana Baljak, Tanja Lakić, Jelena Ilić Sabo, Željka Panić, Aleksandra Ilić, Vladimir Vračarić, Sandra Trivunić Dajko","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101219","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, pathohistological images of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in stomach mucosa in a 68-year-old female patient with treated osteomyelofibrosis are presented. The digestive system is a potential but uncommon site of EMH, with the gastric mucosa being particularly rare. According to the available literature, only 12 cases have been described.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Model Assists Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosis via Determination of K-L Grade.","authors":"Joo Chan Choi, Min Young Jeong, Young Jae Kim, Kwang Gi Kim","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101220","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) affects 37% of individuals aged ≥ 60 years in the national health survey, causing pain, discomfort, and reduced functional independence. <b>Methods:</b> This study aims to automate the assessment of KOA severity by training deep learning models using the Kellgren-Lawrence grading system (class 0~4). A total of 15,000 images were used, with 3000 images collected for each grade. The learning models utilized were DenseNet201, ResNet101, and EfficientNetV2, and their performance in lesion classification was evaluated and compared. Statistical metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, were employed to assess the feasibility of applying deep learning models for KOA classification. <b>Results:</b> Among these four metrics, DenseNet201 achieved the highest performance, while the ResNet101 model recorded the lowest. DenseNet201 demonstrated the best performance with an overall accuracy of 73%. The model's accuracy by K-L grade was 80.7% for K-L Grade 0, 53.7% for K-L Grade 1, 72.7% for K-L Grade 2, 75.3% for K-L Grade 3, and 82.7% for K-L Grade 4. The model achieved a precision of 73.2%, a recall of 73%, and an F1-score of 72.7%. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results highlight the potential of deep learning models for assisting specialists in diagnosing the severity of KOA by automatically assigning K-L grades to patient data.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Serbia.","authors":"Sandra Singh Lukac, Vladimir Gasic, Jovana Komazec, Ivana Grubisa, Ljiljana Popovic, Iva Rasulic, Sonja Pavlovic, Katarina Lalic","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101212","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This study aimed to identify variants in the <i>LDLR</i>, <i>APOB</i>, <i>PCSK9</i> and <i>LDLRAP1</i> genes and to identify the genotype-phenotype correlation in Serbian FH patients. <b>Method:</b> This study included a total of 101 patients suspected of having FH based on clinical criteria. Genetic analysis was performed by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. <b>Results:</b> An overall mutation detection rate of 43.6% was achieved. Thirteen distinct variants were detected in the <i>LDLR</i> gene (93.2%). The most frequently observed variant was c.858C>A p.(Ser286Arg), which was present in 26% of the LDLR-positive patients. Additional variants were detected in the <i>APOB</i> gene. No pathogenic variants were detected in the <i>PCSK9</i> or <i>LDLRAP1</i> genes. Comparing genetically FH-positive and FH-negative patients, statistical significance was observed in terms of age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and triglyceridemia (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study represents the first insight into the genetic basis of FH in Serbia. Taking into consideration that variants were detected in more than one gene and that the variants in the <i>LDLR</i> gene were distributed across nearly all exons, the FH diagnostics in Serbia ought to be based on NGS methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Mapping of the Superficial Circumflex Iliac and Superficial Inferior Epigastric Vessels: An Anatomical Study.","authors":"Spencer Chia-Hao Kuo, Ryo Karakawa, Hirofumi Imai, Shintaro Kagimoto, Yukio Seki, Nobuko Suesada, Hidehiko Yoshimatsu, Tomoyuki Yano","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101210","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The superficial vessel system in the lower abdomen, including the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) and superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA), is widely used in reconstructive microsurgery. Preoperative ultrasonography, particularly ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS), enhances surgical planning by providing high-resolution imaging. This study aimed to utilize UHFUS to examine the SCIA, SCIV, SIEA, and SIEV for reconstructive surgery planning. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective study included 25 patients undergoing free DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Patients with horizontal lower abdominal scars were excluded. Preoperative UHFUS, using a 48 MHz transducer, was performed to map and measure the superficial branch of SCIA (sSCIA), SCIV, SIEA, and SIEV. The vessel location, diameter, depth, and course were documented and analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Twenty-five female patients (50 hemiabdomens) aged 41 to 66 were included. The mean BMI was 21.6 kg/m² (range: 18.4-30.4 kg/m²). At the ASIS level, the mean diameter of the sSCIA, SIEA, SCIV, and SIEV were 0.76 mm, 0.63 mm, 1.72 mm, and 2.18 mm, respectively. A superior lateral pedicle course was observed in 98% of the sSCIA. All patients had at least one detectable superficial artery, with 96% showing detectable arteries on both sides of the lower abdomen. <b>Conclusions:</b> UHFUS effectively maps superficial vessels in the lower abdomen for reconstructive surgery. The SCIA and SCIV are reliably detectable, while the SIEA is less consistently identified. UHFUS enhances flap design by providing precise vessel localization and sizing, leading to safer and more efficient surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating the Interleukins in the Biomarker Panel for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes: Unraveling a Multifaceted Conundrum.","authors":"Amalia-Stefana Timpau, Egidia-Gabriela Miftode, Irina-Iuliana Costache-Enache, Antoniu-Octavian Petris, Ionela-Larisa Miftode, Ivona Mitu, Radu-Stefan Miftode","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15101211","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15101211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objectives:</b> Despite the latest advancements in interventional procedures and pharmacological therapy, the incidence of heart failure and death rate following an acute myocardial remain unacceptably high. This study was designed in response to the limited and conflicting literature data regarding the diagnostic and prognostic role of modern inflammatory biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> We conducted a case-control, prospective observational study. A total of 145 patients were analyzed, of whom 105 patients had an acute coronary syndrome diagnosis and represented the study group, while 40 patients with a chronic coronary syndrome diagnosis represented the control group. This study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic role of the interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), and classic biomarkers in patients with ischemic coronary heart disease. <b>Results:</b> IL-1β exhibited a prognostic role, being significantly correlated with a left ventricular ejection fraction below 30%. GDF-15 plays a dual role, as a cardio-inflammatory biomarker, being significantly correlated with both N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and IL-1β, IL-6, and CRP. At the same time, GDF-15 represents a surrogate marker for renal dysfunction. According to the ROC analysis, patients at high mortality risk can be identified with adequate accuracy by cardiac troponin, GDF-15, and IL-10, in addition to NT-proBNP. Logistic regression models confirmed NT-proBNP and IL-10 as mortality predictors. <b>Conclusions:</b> IL-1β stands out for its significant prognostic role, while IL-6 did not demonstrate a diagnostic or prognostic role in acute myocardial infarction patients. IL-10 demonstrated superior predictive value in terms of fatal prognosis compared with the other modern biomarkers. GDF-15 is representative of a multivalent biomarker involved in inflammation, heart failure, and renal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}