Diagnostics最新文献

{"title":"Eosinophilic Cells as a Distinct Morphological Feature in <i>BRAF^V600E</i>-Mutated Ovarian Serous Borderline Tumors.","authors":"Alina Badlaeva, Anna Tregubova, Aleksandra Asaturova, Gennady Sukhikh","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121479","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: According to recent reports, the <i>BRAF^V600E</i> mutation in serous borderline tumors (SBTs) plays a protective role against progression to low-grade serous carcinoma through oncogene-induced senescence. One consequence of this is the appearance of eosinophilic cells (ECs). The aim of the current study was to determine the interobserver reproducibility of ECs and their predictive significance for the detection of the <i>BRAF^V600E</i> mutation in SBTs. <b>Methods</b>: The study was conducted using 63 cases of ovarian SBTs. Three gynecological pathologists, blinded to each tumor's mutation status, assessed the presence of ECs. Immunohistochemical staining with p16 and Ki-67 was performed to validate ECs. Mutational analysis was carried out using targeted NGS. <b>Results</b>: Genetic analysis revealed 30 <i>BRAF</i>-mutated, 1 <i>NRAS</i>-mutated, and 9 <i>KRAS</i>-mutated SBTs. ECs were identified by the majority of pathologists (two or three) in 78% of the <i>BRAF^V600E</i>-mutated and 11% of the wild-type tumors with other mutations (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The interobserver reproducibility of the presence of ECs was substantial (κ = 0.66). ECs validated with p16/Ki-67 were identified in 92.6% of the <i>BRAF^V600E</i>-mutated and in 13.8% of the wild-type tumors with other mutations (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). For the ECs identified by the majority of pathologists, the sensitivity and specificity when predicting the <i>BRAF^V600E</i> mutation were 77.8% and 88.9%, respectively. For the ECs validated with p16/Ki-67, the sensitivity and specificity when predicting the <i>BRAF^V600E</i> mutation were 95.3% and 90.5%, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: Overall, these results suggest that ECs in SBTs have potential association with the <i>BRAF^V600E</i> mutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal Function in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients in Mongolia.","authors":"Gantogtokh Dashjamts, Amin-Erdene Ganzorig, Yumchinsuren Tsedendorj, Ankhzaya Batsaikhan, Dolgion Daramjav, Enkhmend Khayankhyarvaa, Bolor Ulziitsogt, Otgongerel Nergui, Nomin-Erdene Davaasuren, Ganchimeg Dondov, Tegshjargal Badamjav, Tulgaa Lonjid, Chung-Feng Huang, Tzu-Chun Lin, Batbold Batsaikhan, Chia-Yen Dai","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121471","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> According to a study conducted among a relatively healthy population of Mongolia (2017), the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is 8.5%, which is considered a high prevalence of this infection. In addition to inflammation of the liver, other organ systems are affected by HCV infection, according to research. Our study aimed to evaluate renal dysfunction in patients with HCV infection. <b>Methods:</b> In the study, 111 people with chronic hepatitis C virus infection were included in the study group, and 111 relatively healthy people were included in the control group. Laboratory parameters were analyzed. Liver fibrosis score was assessed and evaluated by renal function. <b>Results:</b> There were 22.9% (51) men and 77.1% (171) women among the 222 participants, and the average age was 40.7 ± 11.1 years. The glomerular filtration rate was 105.3 ± 24.5 in the chronic hepatitis C virus-infected group and 118.7 ± 18.5 in the control group, or the statistically significant difference in the case group compared to the control group was <i>p</i> < 0.01. The liver fibrosis score was higher in the case group than in the control group. According to logistic regression analysis, patients with hepatitis C virus infection are 25 times more likely to have a decrease in glomerular filtration rate than those without viral infection (OR 24.91, 95% CI 3.13-198.38, <i>p</i> = 0.002). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study showed that HCV infection leads to kidney function loss. In addition, older age, obesity, and severe liver fibrosis contribute to kidney function decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edge Artificial Intelligence Device in Real-Time Endoscopy for the Classification of Colonic Neoplasms.","authors":"Eun Jeong Gong, Chang Seok Bang","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121478","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Although prior research developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based classification system predicting colorectal lesion histology, the heavy computational demands limited its practical application. Recent advancements in medical AI emphasize decentralized architectures using edge computing devices, enhancing accessibility and real-time performance. This study aims to construct and evaluate a deep learning-based colonoscopy image classification model for automatic histologic categorization for real-time use on edge computing hardware. <b>Design:</b> We retrospectively collected 2418 colonoscopic images, subsequently dividing them into training, validation, and internal test datasets at a ratio of 8:1:1. Primary evaluation metrics included (1) classification accuracy across four histologic categories (advanced colorectal cancer, early cancer/high-grade dysplasia, tubular adenoma, and nonneoplasm) and (2) binary classification accuracy differentiating neoplastic from nonneoplastic lesions. Additionally, an external test was conducted using an independent dataset of 269 colonoscopic images. <b>Results:</b> For the internal-test dataset, the model achieved an accuracy of 83.5% (95% confidence interval: 78.8-88.2%) for the four-category classification. In binary classification (neoplasm vs. nonneoplasm), accuracy improved significantly to 94.6% (91.8-97.4%). The external test demonstrated an accuracy of 82.9% (78.4-87.4%) in the four-category task and a notably higher accuracy of 95.5% (93.0-98.0%) for binary classification. The inference speed of lesion classification was notably rapid, ranging from 2-3 ms/frame in GPU mode to 5-6 ms/frame in CPU mode. During real-time colonoscopy examinations, expert endoscopists reported no noticeable latency or interference from AI model integration. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study successfully demonstrates the feasibility of a deep learning-powered colonoscopy image classification system designed for the rapid, real-time histologic categorization of colorectal lesions on edge computing platforms. This study highlights how nature-inspired frameworks can improve the diagnostic capacities of medical AI systems by aligning technological improvements with biomimetic concepts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Assessment and Longitudinal Strain During Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography.","authors":"Dijana Trninić, Jelena Jovanic, Aleksandar Lazarevic, Miron Marjanovic, Sinisa Kovacevic, Neno Dobrijevic, Snjezana Pejicic Popovic","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121473","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique commonly employed in routine clinical practice to identify coronary artery disease. Emerging echocardiographic methods, including strain and strain rate imaging, quantify alterations in myocardial contractility and may improve the diagnostic accuracy of DSE. The main aim of this study was to assess the correlation between visual interpretation and longitudinal strain during dobutamine stress echocardiography. <b>Methods</b>: Our study was observational and was conducted at the Cardiology Clinic of the University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska. It included 70 patients who underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography. The patients were divided into two groups (diagnostic and viable study). A visual assessment of segmental contractility of the left ventricle was performed, as well as an assessment of contractility with longitudinal strain (LS) during the test. <b>Results</b>: The median baseline LS of segments without impaired contractility in the diagnostic study was -20% (-21 to -18) and, at the peak of the test, -22% (-23 to -21), which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The median baseline LS in the segments with impaired contractility was -17% (-18 to -16) and, at the peak of the test, -13% (-15 to -12), which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the viability study, the average baseline LS in the segments with improved contractility was -8% (-11 to -7) and, at the peak of the test, -14% (-17 to -13), which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The average baseline LS in the segments without improved contractility was -6% (-5 to -7) and, at the peak of the test, -2% (-3 to -0), which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions</b>: Our study indicates a good correlation between a visual assessment of left ventricular segment contractility and longitudinal strain during dobutamine stress echocardiography.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Utility of Structured MRI Reporting for Rectal Cancer Outcomes.","authors":"Eliodoro Faiella, Filippo Carannante, Federica Vaccarino, Gabriella Teresa Capolupo, Valentina Miacci, Gloria Perillo, Elva Vergantino, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Marco Caricato, Domiziana Santucci","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121472","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> This retrospective study evaluates the predictive role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in complications and recurrence in rectal cancer patients undergoing surgery and neoadjuvant therapy, highlighting the impact of structured reporting templates on MRI quality. Compared to traditional free-text reports, structured radiology reports offer a point-by-point evaluation, improving clarity and completeness by thoroughly addressing all relevant findings. MRI is critical in rectal cancer staging, guiding treatment based on tumor characteristics like T stage, sphincter involvement, vascular invasion, and lymph node status. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective analysis of MRI and reports from 67 rectal cancer patients at the time of diagnosis, who were subsequently treated with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and surgery, was conducted. MRI report features, including tumor location, morphology, T stage, sphincter infiltration, mesorectal fascia involvement, lymph nodes, and extramural vascular invasion, were evaluated against European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) recommendations. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to correlate MRI findings with postoperative outcomes such as complications, local recurrence, bleeding, and 30-day anastomotic leaks. <b>Results:</b> Sphincter involvement showed a strong association with increased complications (multivariate β = 0.410, univariate r = 0.270). Extramural vascular invasion was linked to higher rates of local recurrence (multivariate β = 0.199, univariate r = 0.127). Lymph node involvement correlated with an elevated risk of postoperative bleeding (multivariate β = 0.133, univariate r = 0.293). Additionally, advanced T staging predicted a higher incidence of 30-day anastomotic leaks (multivariate β = 0.210, univariate r = 0.261). These findings may provide clinically relevant insights to support personalized surgical planning and improve preoperative risk stratification. <b>Conclusions:</b> Detailed MRI reporting, aligned with structured templates, significantly guides surgical and therapeutic strategies in rectal cancer management. However, the retrospective nature of the study and the limited sample size may affect the generalizability of the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encephalitis Unraveled: The Unlikely Encounter of Sickle Cell Disease and Cerebral Malaria in a Teenager.","authors":"Christer Ruff, Leonie Zerweck, Andrea Bevot, Jonathan Remppis, Benjamin Bender, Ulrike Ernemann, Georg Gohla","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121470","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sickle-cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited blood disorders in which a mutation in the β-globin (HBB) gene causes red blood cells to produce abnormal hemoglobin, known as Hb S. SCD is characterized by an autosomal-recessive pattern of inheritance, implying that for a child to manifest the condition, they must inherit an Hb S allele from both parents (HbSS) or one Hb S allele and another β-globin variant, such as Hb C or β-thalassemia (HbSC, HbS/β-thal). It has been observed that (heterozygote) carriers of one copy of the sickle-cell trait (HbAS) are typically healthy and can even gain partial protection from severe malaria. The term \"severe and complicated malaria\" is delineated based on specific clinical and laboratory characteristics in the presence of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> parasitemia. The prevalent forms of severe malaria among African children include cerebral malaria, respiratory distress, and severe malaria anemia. Cerebral malaria is a rare complication of malaria infection and is associated with a high mortality rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherence Analysis of Cardiovascular Signals for Detecting Early Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy: Insights into Glycemic Control.","authors":"Yu-Chen Chen, Wei-Min Liu, Hsin-Ru Liu, Huai-Ren Chang, Po-Wei Chen, An-Bang Liu","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121474","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common yet frequently underdiagnosed complication of diabetes. While our previous study demonstrated the utility of multiscale cross-approximate entropy (MS-CXApEn) in detecting early CAN, the present study further investigates the use of frequency-domain coherence analysis between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and R-R intervals (RRI) and evaluates the effects of insulin treatment on autonomic function in diabetic rats. <b>Methods:</b> At the onset of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ), rats were assessed for cardiovascular autonomic function both before and after insulin treatment. Spectral and coherence analyses were performed to evaluate baroreflex function and autonomic regulation. Parameters assessed included low-frequency power (LFP) and high-frequency power (HFP) of heart rate variability, coherence between SBP and RRI at low and high-frequency bands (LF_Coh and HF_Coh), spontaneous and phenylephrine-induced baroreflex sensitivity (BRS_spn and BRS_phe), HRV components derived from fast Fourier transform, and MS-CXApEn at multiple scales. <b>Results:</b> Compared to normal controls (LF_Coh: 0.14 ± 0.07, HF_Coh: 0.19 ± 0.06), early diabetic rats exhibited a significant reduction in both LF_Coh (0.08 ± 0.04, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and HF_Coh (0.16 ± 0.10, <i>p</i> > 0.05), indicating impaired autonomic modulation. Insulin treatment led to a recovery of LF_Coh (0.11 ± 0.04) and HF_Coh (0.24 ± 0.12), though differences remained statistically insignificant (<i>p</i> > 0.05 vs. normal). Additionally, low-frequency LFP increased at the onset of diabetes and decreased after insulin therapy in most rats significantly, while MS-CXApEn at all scale levels increased in the early diabetic rats, and MS-CXApEn_large declined following hyperglycemia correction. The BRS_spn and BRS_phe showed no consistent trend. <b>Conclusions:</b> Coherence analysis provides valuable insights into autonomic dysfunction in early diabetes. The significant reduction in LF_Coh in early diabetes supports its role as a potential marker for CAN. Although insulin treatment partially improved coherence, the lack of full recovery suggests persistent autonomic impairment despite glycemic correction. These findings underscore the importance of early detection and long-term management strategies for diabetic CAN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Linear Transducer \"ADR Encoder\" for Measuring Power and Speed of the Sit-to-Stand Tests in Older Adults.","authors":"Luis Polo-Ferrero, María Luz Sánchez-Tocino, Arturo Dávila-Marcos, Marta Beatriz Carrera-Villegas, María Carmen Sánchez-Sánchez, Roberto Méndez-Sánchez","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121475","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Lower-limb muscle function is traditionally assessed with tests like the five times sit-to-stand test (5STS) and the 30-s chair stand test (30CS). The ADR Encoder, a linear transducer, measures power and velocity during the sit-to-stand test. This study aimed to validate its use as functional indicators of muscle function in older adults. <b>Methods</b>: A cross-sectional study with 114 participants (mean age: 72.92 ± 4.97 years) was conducted. The 5STS, 30CS, power, and speed were measured using the ADR Encoder. Participants were categorized into frail, pre-frail, and robust groups according to the FRAIL Scale. Criterion, intraobserver, and interobserver validity were assessed. <b>Results</b>: Strong correlations (r > 0.7; <i>p</i> < 0.001) were found between power, speed, and both 5STS and 30CS. The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for speed was 0.90 and the intraobserver ICC was 0.85. For power, the interobserver ICC was 0.88 and the intraobserver ICC was 0.79, all statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant differences in power (7.78 W vs. 11.26 W; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and speed (0.40 m/s vs. 0.58 m/s; <i>p</i> < 0.001) were observed between frail and non-frail participants. <b>Conclusions</b>: The ADR Encoder is a valid, reliable tool for measuring power and speed in older adults. Its strong correlations with the 5STS and 30CS demonstrate its clinical relevance, with high reproducibility across observers and time points. Its application in diverse clinical and community settings could broaden its utility in geriatric functional assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triage-HF Validation in Heart Failure Clinical Practice: Importance of Episode Duration.","authors":"Daniel García Iglesias, David Ledesma Oloriz, Diego Pérez Diez, David Calvo Cuervo, Rut Álvarez Velasco, Alejandro Junco-Vicente, José Manuel Rubín López","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121476","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The prevention of heart failure (HF) exacerbation is crucial for patient prognosis, and preventive treatment for potential symptoms and warning signs is essential in this context. The TriageHF © algorithm has been retrospectively validated and has demonstrated good correlation with HF episodes. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the TriageHF © algorithm in routine clinical practice, emphasizing the role of episode duration in its predictive capacity. <b>Materials and methods:</b> From October 2017 to October 2020, all patients who received a Medtronic Amplia DR implant were prospectively selected for analysis. To evaluate the algorithm's diagnostic capacity, it was compared with the clinical diagnosis of HF episodes during follow-up. <b>Results:</b> The sustained moderate-risk (more than 7 days) and high-risk alerts both showed high positive predictive values (11.25% and 27.27%, respectively), along with an increase in the relative risk of HF, particularly in high-risk alerts (hazard ratio is 46.21 times higher than for sustained moderate-risk alerts). Furthermore, there was higher event-free survival in real low-risk alerts than in both sustained medium-risk and high-risk alerts (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> TriageHF © can predict the worsening of patients with ICD CRT. Medium-risk alerts lasting less than 7 days do not pose a greater risk of HF episodes, while high-risk alerts, regardless of their duration, are highly correlated with HF episodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Stimulation and Strength Training in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Juan Miguel Muñoz-Perete, María Del Mar Carcelén-Fraile, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero, María Del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15121477","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15121477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The global increase in life expectancy has led to a higher prevalence of cognitive and physical decline in older adults, particularly in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combined cognitive stimulation and resistance training intervention on cognitive performance, physical function, and fall risk in older adults with MCI. <b>Methods</b>: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 80 community-dwelling older adults diagnosed with MCI. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG), which received a 12-week intervention consisting of cognitive stimulation and progressive strength training, or a control group (CG), which maintained their usual routine. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included measures of cognitive function, verbal fluency, attention, processing speed, executive function, gait, balance, fall risk, and lower- and upper-body strength. <b>Results</b>: The EG showed significant improvements compared with the CG in cognitive impairment, verbal fluency, processing speed, balance, gait, and risk of falls (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large. Notably, strength gains were observed in both lower body and grip strength. Attention and executive function also improved in the EG, although with smaller effect sizes. No adverse events were reported. <b>Conclusions</b>: A combined intervention of cognitive stimulation and resistance training is effective in improving multiple domains of cognitive and physical function in older adults with MCI. These findings support the integration of multidomain interventions in clinical and community settings to promote autonomy, reduce fall risk, and delay cognitive and functional decline. Future studies should explore the long-term sustainability of these effects and the individual contribution of each intervention component.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}