{"title":"Thermal characteristics of TIMs with elliptical particles","authors":"R. Khiabani, Y. Joshi, C. Aidun","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444306","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, direct numerical simulations of suspended particles are used to characterize the heat transfer properties of TIMs. The computational method is based on the solution of a thermal lattice-Boltzmann method. Based on the simulations, the effect of particle parameters such as loading, thermal conductivity and size on the thermal resistance of the TIM can be predicted. The effect of particle shape is also considered. Elliptical particles with different aspect ratios are examined. Cylindrical particle is a special case with aspect ratio of 1. The results are compared with existing data. The results can be used to design TIM for better thermal performance.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126232270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Vass-Várnai, Shan Gao, Z. Sárkány, Jongman Kim, Seogmoon Choi, G. Farkas, A. Poppe, M. Rencz
{"title":"Issues in junction-to-case thermal characterization of power packages with large surface area","authors":"A. Vass-Várnai, Shan Gao, Z. Sárkány, Jongman Kim, Seogmoon Choi, G. Farkas, A. Poppe, M. Rencz","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444299","url":null,"abstract":"There are several ways to define the junction-to-case thermal resistance; however, it is rather challenging to characterize the heat-flow in a package by a single number in an accurate and reproducible way. For many power package families such as TO-type packages the thermal transient testing and the so-called dual interface method can give reliable results. The diverging point of structure functions from dual thermal transients gives a good picture of the material interfaces in such structures. However, the location and nature of the diverging point strongly depends on the shape and direction of the heat-spreading. If the package area is much larger than the dissipating chip the shape of the heat-flow changes when using different interfaces. This causes structure functions corresponding to the two setups deviate much before reaching the case surface. In this paper the origin of this phenomenon is investigated. Measurement and simulation results are compared on different large IGBT modules with several modifications in their structure enabling a detailed analysis of the heat-flow path. A comparison is given between heating only a small fraction of a large module and heating all chips. Some samples went through thermal cycling reliability tests which resulted in cracks below the chips. The effect of the reduced die-attach area is visualized with the help of structure functions.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"32 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124818872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal filament enhanced thermal energy storage applied to on-demand cooling of high power-density hand-held electronics","authors":"M. Yaquinto, R. Wirtz","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444311","url":null,"abstract":"A thin-slab thermal energy storage volume with embedded metal filaments sandwiched between an electronics heat spreader plate and the hand-held unit skin is analyzed. A numerical model is created and results are compared with temperature responses of a plane 1-D pad containing no metal filaments. Results show the addition of fins reduces operating temperatures by 30% in addition to reducing the phase change material's re-solidification time by approximately 37%. Additionally, a thermal response analytical model is developed. The analytical model results correlate well against numerical simulations. A parametric study outlines the effects of the Biot number and power level impact on performance.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124293686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of ultra thin plate-type heat pipe with less than 1 mm thickness","authors":"H. Aoki, Nobuyoshi Shioya, M. Ikeda, Y. Kimura","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444289","url":null,"abstract":"Authors are reporting development of ultra thin heat pipe and its performance. The ultra thin heat pipe has thickness less than 1.0 mm and high capability of maximum heat transfer capacity, so that this heat pipe can be installed for narrow space, in which it have been difficult to apply the plate heat pipe so far, of the ultra compact information equipment such as Net Book PC. In this ultra thin heat pipe, the mesh wick which was conducted oxidation-reduction process in high temperature was used in order to obtain sufficient capillary pressure for circulation of the working fluid. The ultra thin heat pipe consists of this mesh wick and the copper container which has thin wall. This structure ensures both sufficient capillary pressure and space of vapor flow. Two kinds of the ultra thin heat pipe were made; one was 1.0 mm thickness and the other was 0.7 mm thickness. These heat pipes had high maximum heat transfer capacity comparing with conventional groove heat pipe. In this paper, we proposed the ultra thin heat pipe which consists of high capillary pressure wick, and experimental investigation is discussed.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123599290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination of channel temperature of AlGaN/GaN HEMT by electrical method","authors":"Shiwei Feng, Peifeng Hu, Guangchen Zhang, Chunsheng Guo, Xuesong Xie, Tangsheng Chen","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444296","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the linear relationship of forward Schottky junction voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT with temperature was investigated. It was used as temperature sensitive parameter to determine the channel temperature at its normal working state by fast switch circuit technique. The regress of tested data was used to reduce the scatter error too. The thermal resistance constitution was extracted from the transient heating response curves.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126466504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vogel, Tony Chen, Steve Doan, H. Harrison, Rajeesh Nair
{"title":"New approach to system server air flow/thermal design development, validation and advancement in green fan performance","authors":"M. Vogel, Tony Chen, Steve Doan, H. Harrison, Rajeesh Nair","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444303","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing thermal demands of high-end servers require increased performance of air-cooling systems in order to meet industry requirements. Increased air cooling performance will be attained through efficient distribution of the air flow to multiple electronic modules and improved aerodynamic power conversion efficiency of the server air movers and incorporating inter-stage air flow directional control structure between tandem fans that are arranged in series air flow. A new approach is used to measure and validate air flow rates for the server's individual electronic modules. The new approach is intended to improve the accuracy of the air flow measurement and simplify the in-situ air flow measurement process, allowing reduced instrumentation cost and reduced time required to develop and validate the server air flow design.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132286668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Huang, M. Stan, S. Gurumurthi, R. J. Ribando, K. Skadron
{"title":"Interaction of scaling trends in processor architecture and cooling","authors":"Wei Huang, M. Stan, S. Gurumurthi, R. J. Ribando, K. Skadron","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444290","url":null,"abstract":"It is predicted that two important trends are likely to accompany traditional CMOS semiconductor technology scaling - chip multiprocessors and 3D integration. With the ever-increasing power consumption and the consequent difficulty in heat removal, it is important to consider the limits and implications of different cooling methods for the upcoming many-core and 3D era. In this paper, we consider both technology scaling and many-core architecture scaling trends in conjunction with conventional air cooling and advanced microchannel cooling for both 2D and 3D microprocessors and identify interesting inflection design points down the road.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133733667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xi Wang, A. Shakouri, A. Mavrokefalos, Y. Lee, H. Kong, Li Shi
{"title":"Thermoreflectance imaging measurement of in-plane thermal properties of thin-film structures","authors":"Xi Wang, A. Shakouri, A. Mavrokefalos, Y. Lee, H. Kong, Li Shi","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444284","url":null,"abstract":"The study of thin film thermal properties is an important component of microelectronic and thermoelectric material research. Accurate measurements of such properties, especially in-plane thermal conductivity is known to be challenging. In this paper, we briefly review the thin film inplane thermal conductivity measurement methods that have been developed up to date, and demonstrate a new method with the utilization of thermoreflectance imaging technique. Preliminary measurement results for an InAlGaAs thin film sample are described.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134157527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal characterization of Fan-in Package-on-Packages","authors":"Nandini Nagendrappa, Nicole Okamoto, F. Barez","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444317","url":null,"abstract":"The 3D market continues to be driven by mobile applications. The technology integrates devices or packages in the vertical direction to achieve reduction in size and cost along with high performance, challenging IC package designers to maintain a low enough junction temperature without using fans and heat sinks. The study carried out in the paper investigates the effect of design criteria on the thermal performance of a new generation of stacked packages, called Fan-in Package-on-Packages (FiPoPs). The main goal of the undertaken project was to investigate the change in thermal performance in the test model due to variation in the internal thermal design parameters only. Based on the research of earlier generation models, the parameters chosen to analyze in this work included (a) number of thermal vias (b) solder ball I/O density and (c) die size. Due to limited design information pertaining FiPoPs, geometrical and materials parameters for a typical FiPoP were acquired from Statschippac, Inc. This stacked package within FiPoP chosen for analysis included two metal layers, 14 × 14 mm body size, 9 mm × 9 mm die size, 0.075 mm thickness for both top and bottom packages and 0.5 mm solder ball pitch. The results presented by the study show that the thermal resistance of the bottom package of a FiPoP decreases with increase in number of thermal vias and solder balls placed under the package. The decrease in thermal resistance with addition of thermal vias alone is small; solder balls must be added as well to result in significant improvement. As expected, the thermal resistance of the entire package increases as the die size drops.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122810888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The junction-to-case thermal resistance: A boundary condition dependent thermal metric","authors":"D. Schweitzer","doi":"10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2010.5444298","url":null,"abstract":"Contrary to popular belief the junction-to-case thermal resistance (Rth-JC) of a power semiconductor is not an intrinsic property of the device but depends to some extend on the cooling condition at the case surface intended for heat sinking. In addition to this the Rth-JC can be measured only with quite limited accuracy by the methods existing today. This paper investigates the dependence of the Rth-JC of power packages on different cooling conditions and tries to give an assessment of the accuracy of two measurement methods: the traditional method using a thermocouple to measure the case temperature versus the recently proposed transient dual interface method. Consequences and limits for the use of the junction-to-case thermal resistance in engineering applications as well as for standardization issues are discussed.","PeriodicalId":111882,"journal":{"name":"2010 26th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127784374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}