Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"From Policy to Practice: A Global Analysis to Identify Factors That Influence the Implementation of Food-Based Dietary Guidelines by Health and Nutrition Professionals","authors":"Anna-Lena Klapp, Jonas Pardamean Simorangkir, Valentina Gallani, Daniel André Benjamin Braune, Antje Risius","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) are essential tools for promoting healthy, sustainable diets, yet global adherence is low. Health and nutrition professionals are key to translating these policies into practice, but the factors influencing their implementation efforts remain underresearched.</div></div><div>Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) are essential tools for promoting healthy, sustainable diets, yet global adherence is low. Health and nutrition professionals are key to translating these policies into practice, but the factors influencing their implementation efforts remain underresearched.</div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to identify factors influencing FBDG implementation from the perspective of health and nutrition professionals and to explore opportunities for strengthening implementation.</div></div><div>This study aimed to identify factors influencing FBDG implementation from the perspective of health and nutrition professionals and to explore opportunities for strengthening implementation.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a socioecological framework, this study employed an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. Phase 1 involved 20 qualitative interviews with professionals across 6 continents. Insights informed phase 2, a quantitative survey (<em>n</em> = 118) of global professionals. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis and descriptive statistics.</div></div><div>Using a socioecological framework, this study employed an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. Phase 1 involved 20 qualitative interviews with professionals across 6 continents. Insights informed phase 2, a quantitative survey (<em>n</em> = 118) of global professionals. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis and descriptive statistics.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although 80.5% of professionals use FBDG in practice, 57.6% rate them as only “somewhat” or “slightly” helpful in promoting healthy, sustainable food choices. Major barriers include perceived food industry influence (83.0%) and public misinformation. Facilitators include the “plate” visual format (77.1%) and the inclusion of more plant-based options. Critically, professionals advocate for systemic change, identifying fiscal policies—such as subsidies for healthy foods and tax reductions on vegetables and legumes—as essential to address cost barriers and create supportive food environments. Furthermore, inclusive designs that account for diverse cultural and nutritional philosophies are viewed as vital for increasing professional implementation.</div></div><div>Although 80.5% of professionals use FBDG in practice, 57.6% rate them as only “somewhat” or “slightly” helpful in promoting healthy, sustainable food choices. Major barriers include perceived food industry influence (83.0%) and public misinformation. Facilitators include the “plate” visual format (77.1%) and the inclusion of more plant-based options. Criticall","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148953615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Triple Burden of Malnutrition among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review","authors":"Marini Amalia Mansur, Vanessa M Oddo","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children and adolescents in Indonesia are experiencing the triple burden of malnutrition (TBM), resulting from an increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity paired with persistent undernutrition and anemia. The extent to which the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) further exacerbated TBM within this group, because of lifestyle changes and increased food insecurity, has not been well documented. This narrative review aimed to fill that gap by exploring components of TBM (i.e., undernutrition, anemia, and overweight and obesity), its determinants (e.g., diet), and related nutrition policies and programs among school-aged children and adolescents in Indonesia during the pandemic. We reviewed a total of 10 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025 on children and adolescents’ nutrition status and TBM-related determinants. Results suggested that during COVID-19, children and adolescents in Indonesia experienced a high prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity, and anemia. Most children and adolescents also faced higher levels of food insecurity and lower physical activity. The implementation of online learning halted several school-based nutrition programs, including iron‒folic acid supplementation. Nutrition-sensitive programs, such as conditional cash transfers and food assistance, were poorly distributed and contained processed foods, respectively. Nevertheless, some positive changes were also observed, including innovations in the delivery of nutrition education. Dietary changes were mixed. Although some reported a higher consumption of deep-fried foods and snacks, more frequent vegetable consumption and less frequent consumption of sugary drinks were also reported. Future research is needed to understand the mixed findings related to dietary changes and how this contributes to TBM in Indonesia at the national level. Additionally, it is crucial to strengthen children and adolescent nutrition policies and programs that target TBM simultaneously.</div></div><div>Children and adolescents in Indonesia are experiencing the triple burden of malnutrition (TBM), resulting from an increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity paired with persistent undernutrition and anemia. The extent to which the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) further exacerbated TBM within this group, because of lifestyle changes and increased food insecurity, has not been well documented. This narrative review aimed to fill that gap by exploring components of TBM (i.e., undernutrition, anemia, and overweight and obesity), its determinants (e.g., diet), and related nutrition policies and programs among school-aged children and adolescents in Indonesia during the pandemic. We reviewed a total of 10 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025 on children and adolescents’ nutrition status and TBM-related determinants. Results suggested that during COVID-19, children and adolescents in Indonesia experienced a high prevalence of unde","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149043672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences for Meat and Meat Alternatives in Different Meal Scenarios: A Dutch Discrete Choice Experiment","authors":"Sander Biesbroek, Cora Klockenbusch, Jorien Veldwijk, Hans Dagevos, Maartje P Poelman","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding meat consumers’ food choice motives is needed to identify accelerating or limiting factors of the diet transition. This study investigated stated preferences for health, environmental, and production-related attributes when selecting meat or alternatives. A discrete choice experiment was conducted among 272 Dutch participants. Participants selected a meat or alternative ingredient for 2 meal scenarios: a Pasta and traditional Dutch potatoes–meat–vegetables (PMV) meal. In each scenario, participants completed 10 choice tasks in which they chose between meat, meat replacer, and legumes. Product attribute levels varied across tasks and included protein content, overall health score, overall environmental impact score, price, local production, and organic production. In both meal scenarios, participants preferred meat over the alternatives (β Pasta −0.51; β PMV −0.44) and legumes (β Pasta −0.91; β PMV −0.99). Across both scenarios, the health score, sustainability score, and price were consistently ranked as the most influential. Preference patterns differed across consumer subgroups. Approximately 30% of participants showed a particularly low willingness to pay for meat replacers and legumes, whereas other subgroups were considerably less negative toward these alternatives. Dutch consumers valued meat over meat replacers and legumes when planning for different meal types, despite ranking health and sustainability scores and price as the most important attributes. These findings confirm that providing health and sustainability information alone is insufficient to encourage a shift toward alternative protein sources and that additional strategies are needed to support dietary transitions.</div></div><div>Understanding meat consumers’ food choice motives is needed to identify accelerating or limiting factors of the diet transition. This study investigated stated preferences for health, environmental, and production-related attributes when selecting meat or alternatives. A discrete choice experiment was conducted among 272 Dutch participants. Participants selected a meat or alternative ingredient for 2 meal scenarios: a Pasta and traditional Dutch potatoes–meat–vegetables (PMV) meal. In each scenario, participants completed 10 choice tasks in which they chose between meat, meat replacer, and legumes. Product attribute levels varied across tasks and included protein content, overall health score, overall environmental impact score, price, local production, and organic production. In both meal scenarios, participants preferred meat over the alternatives (β Pasta −0.51; β PMV −0.44) and legumes (β Pasta −0.91; β PMV −0.99). Across both scenarios, the health score, sustainability score, and price were consistently ranked as the most influential. Preference patterns differed across consumer subgroups. Approximately 30% of participants showed a particularly low willingness to pay for meat replacers and legumes, whereas other subgroups ","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Protocol for the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot Trial","authors":"Leanne M Redman, Courtney M Peterson, Gareth R Dutton, Kimberly L Drews, Stephanie T Broyles, Robert Dubin, Laura Q Rogers, Catherine M Champagne, Dennis T Villareal, Daniel S Hsia, Hannah E Cabre, Kaja Falkenhain, Katherine E Spring, Hanim E Diktas, Samantha F Kennedy, Corby K Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) consistently improve biomarkers of aging and health span, yet long-term adherence to these dietary strategies remains difficult. Technology-enabled approaches, including just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), may facilitate greater engagement by delivering personalized support in response to an individual’s real-time behavior and circumstances.</div></div><div>Calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) consistently improve biomarkers of aging and health span, yet long-term adherence to these dietary strategies remains difficult. Technology-enabled approaches, including just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), may facilitate greater engagement by delivering personalized support in response to an individual’s real-time behavior and circumstances.</div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) pilot trial is designed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of adaptive (JITAI-supported) compared with traditional implementations of CR and TRE and to identify outcome measures suitable for larger, long-term intervention studies.</div></div><div>The Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) pilot trial is designed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of adaptive (JITAI-supported) compared with traditional implementations of CR and TRE and to identify outcome measures suitable for larger, long-term intervention studies.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 24-wk, parallel-arm, randomized controlled pilot trial will enroll 90 healthy adults aged 22 to 45 y with a BMI of 22.0 to 29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> into 1 of 5 groups: nonintervention control, traditional or adaptive TRE with an 8-h eating window, and traditional or adaptive CR targeting a 25% reduction in energy intake. Traditional interventions will emphasize in-person counseling, whereas adaptive interventions will be supported by mobile health (mHealth) technology and incorporate remote monitoring via digital tools and JITAI-based feedback to quantify eating behaviors in real time and deliver tailored adherence prompts.</div></div><div>This 24-wk, parallel-arm, randomized controlled pilot trial will enroll 90 healthy adults aged 22 to 45 y with a BMI of 22.0 to 29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> into 1 of 5 groups: nonintervention control, traditional or adaptive TRE with an 8-h eating window, and traditional or adaptive CR targeting a 25% reduction in energy intake. Traditional interventions will emphasize in-person counseling, whereas adaptive interventions will be supported by mobile health (mHealth) technology and incorporate remote monitoring via digital tools and JITAI-based feedback to quantify eating behaviors in real time and deliver tailored adherence prompts.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Primary feasibility outcomes include adherence, retention, and participant satisfac","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148953614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Phenotyping Identifies Responders to Sustainable Healthy Diets: Analysis from the MyPlanetDiet Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Katie P Davies, Eileen R Gibney, Ursula M Leonard, Leona Lindberg, Jayne V Woodside, Mairead E Kiely, Anne P Nugent, Elena Arranz, Marie C Conway, Sinead N McCarthy, Aifric M O’Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding interindividual variation is critical for developing strategies to improve health. Metabolic phenotypes impact how individuals respond to dietary change. Although literature has examined responses to dietary interventions between metabolic phenotypes, none have yet considered sustainable healthy diets.</div></div><div>Understanding interindividual variation is critical for developing strategies to improve health. Metabolic phenotypes impact how individuals respond to dietary change. Although literature has examined responses to dietary interventions between metabolic phenotypes, none have yet considered sustainable healthy diets.</div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Exploratory, hypothesis-generating, post hoc secondary analysis from the MyPlanetDiet randomized controlled trial is used to examine subgroup response to sustainable healthy diets. The aim is to identify metabolic phenotype subgroups (MPs) within the MyPlanetDiet sample population and examine if MPs responded differently to dietary change.</div></div><div>Exploratory, hypothesis-generating, post hoc secondary analysis from the MyPlanetDiet randomized controlled trial is used to examine subgroup response to sustainable healthy diets. The aim is to identify metabolic phenotype subgroups (MPs) within the MyPlanetDiet sample population and examine if MPs responded differently to dietary change.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The MyPlanetDiet study was a 12-wk randomized controlled trial testing the impacts of more sustainable healthy diet advice relative to advice from food-based dietary guidelines. Dietary assessments, fasting serum samples, and anthropometry were collected at baseline and endpoint. <em>k</em>-means cluster analysis of baseline serum metabolic health markers identified MPs. Metabolomic profiles, dietary intakes, and changes in metabolic health over time were compared between MPs using partial least squares discriminant analysis and analysis of covariance.</div></div><div>The MyPlanetDiet study was a 12-wk randomized controlled trial testing the impacts of more sustainable healthy diet advice relative to advice from food-based dietary guidelines. Dietary assessments, fasting serum samples, and anthropometry were collected at baseline and endpoint. <em>k</em>-means cluster analysis of baseline serum metabolic health markers identified MPs. Metabolomic profiles, dietary intakes, and changes in metabolic health over time were compared between MPs using partial least squares discriminant analysis and analysis of covariance.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct MPs were identified with significantly different metabolomic profiles despite comparable baseline dietary intakes. Metabolic phenotype 1 (MP1) was categorized as the most metabolically unhealthy, metabolic phenotype 2 (MP2) was mostly female with the lowest anthropometry and high total cholesterol, and metabolic phenotype 3 (MP3) was the youngest with the healthiest blood","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109510"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Differences in Frequency of Whole Fruit or 100% Fruit Juice Intake among United States Adults With and Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Analysis of 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Data","authors":"Brendan J Kesler, Julie M Hess, Anne Bodensteiner, Daniel G Palmer, Desiree Tande","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nearly 80% of Americans do not meet recommendations for fruit, an important source of fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. In the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the fruit group included whole fruit (fresh, frozen, dried, and canned) as well as 100% fruit juice (“juice”). Approximately half of reported fruit intake comes from whole fruit (“fruit”), whereas the other half comes from juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, and diet beverages.</div></div><div>Nearly 80% of Americans do not meet recommendations for fruit, an important source of fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. In the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the fruit group included whole fruit (fresh, frozen, dried, and canned) as well as 100% fruit juice (“juice”). Approximately half of reported fruit intake comes from whole fruit (“fruit”), whereas the other half comes from juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, and diet beverages.</div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to investigate whether frequency of fruit or juice intake differs among adults with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD risk factors.</div></div><div>The objective of this study was to investigate whether frequency of fruit or juice intake differs among adults with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD risk factors.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 371,038 United States adults from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to identify consumers of fruit and juice, frequency of fruit or juice intake, and those with high blood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol, angina/coronary heart disease (CHD), heart attack, or stroke. Independent sample <em>t</em> tests and linear regression were used to determine whether mean fruit consumption or juice consumption frequency differed between groups with and without CVD or CVD risk factors.</div></div><div>Data from 371,038 United States adults from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to identify consumers of fruit and juice, frequency of fruit or juice intake, and those with high blood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol, angina/coronary heart disease (CHD), heart attack, or stroke. Independent sample <em>t</em> tests and linear regression were used to determine whether mean fruit consumption or juice consumption frequency differed between groups with and without CVD or CVD risk factors.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fruit consumption frequency was lower in adults who self-reported high blood pressure (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), high cholesterol (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), heart attack (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), CHD (<em>P</em> = 0.0020), or stroke (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), before and after controlling for age, education, income, and smoking. Juice consumption frequency was higher in adults who self-reported high blood pressure (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), heart attack (<em>P <</em> 0.0001), CHD (<em>P =</em> 0.0166), or stroke (<em>P <</em> 0.0001","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Acceptability of Animal-Source Food Alternatives: A Literature Review to Support the Transition to Sustainable, Healthy Diets","authors":"Stella Nordhagen,&nbsp;Ty Beal,&nbsp;Mario Herrero,&nbsp;Lynnette M Neufeld,&nbsp;Kristina Sokourenko,&nbsp;Maria Xipsiti","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal-source foods (ASFs) have long been central to human diets but have come under increased scrutiny in recent years because of relatively large environmental impacts, animal welfare considerations, and some negative health impacts. One option for addressing these issues is (at least partially) replacing ASFs in the diet with alternatives to ASFs (Alt-ASFs): conventional or novel foods with the potential to be consumed as a substitute for conventional ASFs such as meat, eggs, dairy, and fish. However, the adoption of such products at scale depends on consumers purchasing, preparing, and eating them as part of their broader eating practices. This paper undertakes a structured narrative review informed by scoping review methods of consumer acceptability of alternative animal-free sources of serum (Alt-ASFs), separately considering Alt-ASFs made from plants, cells, insects, algae, and fungi. Two databases (Scopus, Google Scholar) were searched, covering articles published from 1 January, 2000 until 24 February, 2024 (the search date). A total of 5998 records were identified, and 61 were included in the full-text synthesis, covering 29 countries. The results show that acceptability varies significantly by Alt-ASF type. Key barriers across all categories include poor sensory qualities (e.g., taste, texture), limited access, high prices, unfamiliarity, and perceived inconvenience. Facilitating factors include perceived health and environmental benefits, though these alone rarely overcome the aforementioned barriers. Plant-based alternatives have the highest acceptance, whereas cell-based and insect-based alternatives have the lowest acceptance, although this varies across cultures and evidence is limited for some contexts. Although plant-based alternatives are often largely seen as merely less desirable due to sensory and convenience factors, cell- and insect-based alternatives may not even be seen as food by many consumers, who may express fear or disgust at eating them. Although food acceptability evolves over time through cultural, commercial, and policy influences, scaling Alt-ASF consumption will require both product improvements and consumer outreach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148855325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet Diversity Is Associated with Prepregnancy Body Mass Index but Not the Pregnancy Third-Trimester Gut Microbiota","authors":"Heli J Sheth,&nbsp;Shiyi YL Xie,&nbsp;Jean M Kerver,&nbsp;Sarah S Comstock","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109514","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The prevalence of women entering pregnancy with overweight or obesity is rising in the United States. The dual burden of undernutrition and overweight or obesity can lead to micronutrient deficiencies. Dietary diversity supports micronutrient adequacy and can be assessed using the minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age (MDD-W), a food group–based indicator using 24-h dietary recall data. Lower dietary diversity may be associated with lower gut microbiome diversity and overall community composition; however, the relationship during pregnancy is unclear.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The prevalence of women entering pregnancy with overweight or obesity is rising in the United States. The dual burden of undernutrition and overweight or obesity can lead to micronutrient deficiencies. Dietary diversity supports micronutrient adequacy and can be assessed using the minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age (MDD-W), a food group–based indicator using 24-h dietary recall data. Lower dietary diversity may be associated with lower gut microbiome diversity and overall community composition; however, the relationship during pregnancy is unclear.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to &lt;em&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;) describe associations between prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and dietary diversity during pregnancy and &lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;) investigate whether the pregnancy gut microbiota diversity is associated with dietary diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to &lt;em&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;) describe associations between prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and dietary diversity during pregnancy and &lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;) investigate whether the pregnancy gut microbiota diversity is associated with dietary diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data were collected from participants in the Michigan Archive for Research on Child Health cohort (&lt;em&gt;n =&lt;/em&gt; 132, third trimester). Twenty-four-hour dietary recall data were used to assess dietary diversity according to the MDD-W indicator. A subset (&lt;em&gt;n =&lt;/em&gt; 114) provided fecal samples for 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data were collected from participants in the Michigan Archive for Research on Child Health cohort (&lt;em&gt;n =&lt;/em&gt; 132, third trimester). Twenty-four-hour dietary recall data were used to assess dietary diversity according to the MDD-W indicator. A subset (&lt;em&gt;n =&lt;/em&gt; 114) provided fecal samples for 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;On the basis of pBMI, 49% of participants had normal weight, 25% had overweight, and 26% had obesity. Parity, income, and marital status differed significantly across pBMI categories. Overall, 20.5% of participants did not meet the minimum dietary diversity (MDD-W score &lt;5). pBMI was inversely correlated with MDD-W scores, with women with obesity having lower dietary diversity than women with normal weight. Consumption of low-nutrient density foods was similar across pBMI c","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Protein Intake during Obesity Reduction on Physical Function and Body Habitus in Older Males with Prediabetes: A Pilot Study","authors":"Connie W Bales,&nbsp;Marshall G Miller,&nbsp;Shelley R McDonald,&nbsp;Jessica T Wallis,&nbsp;Leigh Ann Yeager,&nbsp;Richard J Sloane,&nbsp;Kathryn N Porter Starr","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109460","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Weight loss can improve health and function in older adults with obesity but may also accelerate loss of fat-free mass. Older men are underrepresented in obesity intervention trials; thus we tested higher protein intake plus exercise to help preserve muscle mass and physical function during weight loss in men with obesity and prediabetes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We evaluated the effects of an enhanced protein weight loss intervention relative to a recommended dietary allowance (RDA)–level protein intervention in older males (veterans) with prediabetes and obesity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study was a randomized controlled trial. Equal numbers of participants, males aged &lt;u&gt;&gt;&lt;/u&gt;55 y with obesity [body mass index (BMI), in kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;u&gt;&gt;&lt;/u&gt; 30] and prediabetes, were randomly assigned to either an RDA protein (0.8 g/kg/d; &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 32) or an enhanced protein (1.4 g protein/kg/d with 30 g high-quality protein 4 times/d; &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 32) hypocaloric diet plus exercise intervention, with outcome assessments at 3 and 6 mo., namely, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and fat-free mass (FFM) measured by Bodpod, body weight, body fat, waist circumference, 6-min walk time test (6MWT), 8-foot up-and-go test, and handgrip strength.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Baseline characteristics were as follows: BMI = 35.8 ± 4.3, mean age 67.6 ± 7.0 y, and hemoglobin A1c 6.0% ± 0.3%. For the SPPB score, the Enhanced Protein group had a greater benefit at both 3 mo (small Cohen’s &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.23) and at 6 mo (moderate Cohen’s &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.68). The Enhanced Protein group showed an increase in SPPB at 3 mo of 1.5 ± 0.2 units, compared with 1.2 ± 0.3 units for the RDA Protein group. The amount of weight lost was also more in the Enhanced Protein group at 3 mo (4.7% ± 0.9 compared with 3.1% ± 0.7). Additionally, participants in the Enhanced Protein group preserved more FFM at 6 mo (moderate group effect, Cohen’s &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26, 0.62), with a loss of 0.8 ± 0.3 kg compared with the RDA Protein arm, who lost 1.5 ± 0.4 kg. Other Enhanced Protein group effects at 3 mo included an increased distance walked in the 6MWT by 63.3 ± 12.8 m [mean difference (MD): 29.0 m; &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.53; 95% CI: &lt;0, 1.19] and increased handgrip strength by 3.7 ± 1.2 kg (MD: −2.8 kg; &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.88), relative to the RDA Protein group, which had increases of 34.4 ± 11.9 m and 0.8 ± 1.0 kg for 6MWT and handgrip strength, respectively. The handgrip effect remained at 6 mo for Enhanced Protein, with an increase of 3.0 ± 1.5 kg compared with an increase of 1.2 ± 1.4 kg in RDA Protein (MD: −1.8; &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.35).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The results provide preliminary evidence that an enhanced protein regimen can benefit older males with prediabetes, especially with regard to physical function and body compos","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148855324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation Challenges With the Child and Adult Care Food Program in Family Childcare Homes: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Kelsey Kinderknecht East,&nbsp;Areli Caballero-Gonzalez,&nbsp;Meghan Zimmer,&nbsp;Jasmine Ipince,&nbsp;Erica L Kenney","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109518","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) reimburses childcare programs for serving nutritious foods to young children and has potential as a strategy to improve young children’s dietary quality. However, it is underutilized.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) reimburses childcare programs for serving nutritious foods to young children and has potential as a strategy to improve young children’s dietary quality. However, it is underutilized.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), identify the systemic challenges family childcare home (FCH) providers face when implementing CACFP.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), identify the systemic challenges family childcare home (FCH) providers face when implementing CACFP.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this descriptive qualitative study, we conducted interviews with 33 English- or Spanish-speaking FCH providers operating in Massachusetts, including current, former, and never participants in CACFP. We elicited their perspectives on barriers and facilitators to implementing CACFP using a semistructured interview protocol with open-ended questions informed by CFIR. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a pragmatic thematic analysis approach.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this descriptive qualitative study, we conducted interviews with 33 English- or Spanish-speaking FCH providers operating in Massachusetts, including current, former, and never participants in CACFP. We elicited their perspectives on barriers and facilitators to implementing CACFP using a semistructured interview protocol with open-ended questions informed by CFIR. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a pragmatic thematic analysis approach.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Four main themes were identified from the interviews: &lt;em&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;) frustration and fatigue across multiple implementation activities; &lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;) perception that CACFP’s implementation requirements do not consider FCH providers’ unique needs; &lt;em&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;) providers’ commitment to reducing families’ burdens; and &lt;em&gt;4&lt;/em&gt;) providers’ discontinuing or avoiding participation when they perceive the burdens of participation to outweigh benefits.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Four main themes were identified from the interviews: &lt;em&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;) frustration and fatigue across multiple implementation activities; &lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;) perception that CACFP’s implementation requirements do not consider FCH providers’ unique needs; &lt;em&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;) providers’ commitment to reducing families’ burdens; and &lt;em&gt;4&lt;/em&gt;) providers’ discontinuing or avoiding participation when they perceive the burdens of participation to outweigh benefits.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The range of activities required for FCH providers to implement CACFP results in their taking on roles and responsibilities that are outside of their main professional role, ","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148953622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}