Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Rationale and Design of Traditional and Adaptive Calorie Restriction and Time-Restricted Eating Interventions Used in the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot Trial","authors":"Samantha F Kennedy, Hannah E Cabre, Hanim E Diktas, Kaja Falkenhain, Katherine E Spring, Courtney M Peterson, Gareth R Dutton, Kimberly L Drews, Stephanie T Broyles, Robert Dubin, Laura Q Rogers, Catherine M Champagne, Dennis T Villareal, Daniel S Hsia, Peter G Jacobs, Jack Rejeski, Jason Fanning, Leanne M Redman, Corby K Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research shows that dietary interventions improve biomarkers of health span and aging.</div></div><div>Research shows that dietary interventions improve biomarkers of health span and aging.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper describes the implementation and data collection methods for 4 dietary interventions and a control condition comprising the 5 arms of the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot study.</div></div><div>This paper describes the implementation and data collection methods for 4 dietary interventions and a control condition comprising the 5 arms of the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot study.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DiAL Health is a 24-wk, randomized controlled pilot trial comparing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of traditional and adaptive approaches to calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) on biomarkers of biological aging and health span in young, healthy adults [age: 25–49 y, body mass index (BMI): 22.0–29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>]. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine the effects of both CR and TRE against a usual diet and will generate preliminary data to inform a larger, longer-term comparative trial. The 2 CR arms of DiAL Health target 25% CR, whereas the 2 TRE arms promote ad libitum food intake within an 8-h daily window. Traditional CR and TRE arms will receive established interventions. The corresponding Adaptive arms will receive Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions that leverage mobile health technologies to adjust behavior and facilitate adherence with real-time or near-real-time feedback and support. Using a validated mathematical model, weight loss nomograms with measurements from internet-connected smart scales will be used to monitor dietary adherence in the Adaptive CR arm. Feedograms with eating events populated by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), the Remote Food Photography Method/SmartIntake app, and manual entry by counselors and participants will be used to monitor meal timing adherence in the Adaptive TRE arm. Integration of CGM will support passive, automated detection of meal timing and eating behavior, potentially reducing reliance on self-reported measures.</div></div><div>DiAL Health is a 24-wk, randomized controlled pilot trial comparing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of traditional and adaptive approaches to calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) on biomarkers of biological aging and health span in young, healthy adults [age: 25–49 y, body mass index (BMI): 22.0–29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>]. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine the effects of both CR and TRE against a usual diet and will generate preliminary data to inform a larger, longer-term comparative trial. The 2 CR arms of DiAL Health target 25% CR, whereas the 2 TRE arms promote ad libitum food intake within an 8-h daily window. Traditional CR and","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 9","pages":"Article 109461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148953451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the Contributions of Food, Glucose, Sleep, and Microbiome Data to Personalized Glycemic Response Prediction","authors":"Yiheng Shen,&nbsp;Euiji Choi,&nbsp;Samantha Kleinberg","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individual glycemic responses to foods vary and can be predicted using microbiome, activity, and dietary data. However, these data are expensive and invasive to collect, and it is not known how much each modality contributes to accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aim to quantify the contributions of dietary, sleep, continuous glucose monitor (CGM), and microbiome features for glycemic response prediction; understand how much personal data are required for training; and evaluate how microbiome sample timing impacts model accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from 8334 participants in the Human Phenotype Project cohort study who provided demographic, anthropometric, dietary, and CGM data. Participants self-reported meals in a dietary tracking application for a mean of 10.78 d, during which they wore CGMs. We trained CatBoost models to predict postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) using 2-h incremental area under the curve and peak 2-h postprandial glucose rise (Glu_max). We conducted ablation studies with varied feature combinations to assess the contribution of each data modality. We used 3 train/test splits (split-by-meal, 5-d personal training, and split-by-person) to assess the impact of personal training data. Lastly, we evaluated accuracy as a function of microbiome sample timing (from before meal logs to ≤60 d after).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model combining all features performed best, and CGM was the most informative feature. Models trained with more personal data had the best performance (PPGR split-by-meal R = 0.731; split-by-person R = 0.590), and personal training data had a larger effect on accuracy than microbiome. Microbiome features improved predictions most when collected within 7 d of meal logs and did not improve performance without personal training data or for samples collected &gt;14 d after meal logs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although CGM was the most important feature group, combining it with personal training data and timely microbiome samples led to the most accurate models in our analysis. These findings can help researchers understand the tradeoffs between the time and effort of data collection and how data types impact model performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148660153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“It Matters Who Defines It”—Defining Nutrition through American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Worldviews","authors":"Tara L. Maudrie,&nbsp;Kaylee R. Clyma,&nbsp;Cassandra J. Nguyen,&nbsp;Victoria M. O’Keefe,&nbsp;Martin Reinhardt,&nbsp;Valerie Segrest,&nbsp;Melissa E. Lewis,&nbsp;Toni Stanger-McLaughlin,&nbsp;Nicole Redvers,&nbsp;Phoebe Young,&nbsp;Hope Flanagan,&nbsp;Electa L. Hare-RedCorn,&nbsp;Elsie M. Dubray,&nbsp;Alanna Norris,&nbsp;Kaylena E. Bray,&nbsp;Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adequately assessing nutrition is deeply important for understanding and addressing health inequities, especially for American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) peoples who have been subjected to the malnourishing effects of settler colonialism. Mainstream approaches to nutrition rely heavily on indicators of physical diet consumption, while ignoring the contributions of food to spiritual, social, and emotional health. Considering only physical aspects of dietary consumption paints a narrow picture of AI/AN/NH foodways and nutritional health further contributing to deficit-based narratives about AI/AN/NH peoples. To adequately understand and address the nutritional health of AI/AN/NHs, strengths-based approaches to nutrition that are rooted in Indigenous ways of knowing are urgently needed.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to define nutrition through AI/AN/NH worldviews.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three focus group discussions (<em>n</em> = 3) and in-depth interviews (<em>n</em> = 6) were conducted with 26 purposively identified AI/AN/NH food sovereignty experts and knowledge holders. Data collection and analysis were conducted iteratively. Through a process of open, focused, and axial coding, primary themes and supporting subthemes were established and refined, and a conceptual framework (the Indigenous Nourishment Framework) was developed to reflect the relationships between primary themes, subthemes, and the overall meaning of nourishment for AI/AN/NHs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Indigenous Nourishment Model contains 4 main domains of nourishment (physical, spiritual, emotional, and relational), and 8 subthemes representing concepts, practices, and beliefs, which contribute to overall nourishment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite the importance of physical aspects of nutrition, our findings assert that spiritual, emotional, and relational well-being are inseparable and integral to the overall goal of nourishment for AI/AN/NHs. The resulting Indigenous Nourishment Framework developed with a diverse group of AI/AN/NH food knowledge holders reflects the strengths of AI/AN/NH foodways and builds upon existing approaches to nutrition by offering new directions for approaching and measuring nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 104429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of Sustainability Messaging in European Food-Based Dietary Guidelines","authors":"Fanny Salesse,&nbsp;Rebecca Finlay,&nbsp;Samara Jones,&nbsp;Alison L Eldridge,&nbsp;Eileen R Gibney","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Shifting to more sustainable diets can reduce environmental impact and improve population health. Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) offer an opportunity to incorporate sustainability into nutritional recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study primarily examined the inclusion of environmental sustainability messaging across European FBDGs. A secondary analysis assessed how such messaging was associated with recommendations for 2 key food groups relevant to the transition toward sustainable healthy diets, namely meats and pulses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three FBDG document types were reviewed: consumer-facing guidelines, resources for health care professionals, and scientific background reports. Eighteen sustainability criteria derived from Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) and the British Dietetic Association’s recommendations were examined. Criteria were coded as explicitly linked to sustainability, included without sustainability reference, or missing. Recommended daily intakes for total, red and processed meat, and pulses were extracted from consumer-facing documents where available.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FBDGs from 36 countries were analyzed. Guidelines referencing sustainability were generally more recently published, with explicit sustainability messaging most commonly found in scientific background documents. Across document types, criteria related to reducing animal-based foods, increasing plant-based foods, and minimizing environmental impact were most frequently included. Guidance related to locally produced or seasonal foods was included in consumer-facing materials, whereas recommendations regarding food waste were rarely mentioned. FBDGs that included messages promoting plant-based foods generally recommended lower meat and higher pulse intakes, although trends between messages and recommended amounts were not always consistent. For example, messages related to reducing animal foods, animal protein, or red meat were not consistently associated with lower recommended intakes of total meat. However, FBDGs specifically addressing red or processed meat intake generally recommended lower red and processed meat consumption and higher pulse intakes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, European FBDGs increasingly incorporate environmental sustainability, but gaps remain. Consumer-facing guidance remains largely health-focused. Greater coherence is needed in the translation of sustainability principles into FBDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148733238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Red Blood Cell Folate Forms and Demographic, Physiologic, and Lifestyle Factors in the United States Population: Cross-Sectional Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey August 2021–August 2023","authors":"Zia Fazili,&nbsp;Christine M Pfeiffer,&nbsp;Maya R Sternberg,&nbsp;Phuong Ngac,&nbsp;Ming Zhang,&nbsp;Krista S Crider,&nbsp;Jacqueline Leachman,&nbsp;Anne Williams,&nbsp;Jaime J Gahche,&nbsp;Neelima Paladugula,&nbsp;Kelly Hong,&nbsp;Christina Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Red blood cell (RBC) total folate (TFOL) is an indicator of long-term folate status. Data on RBC folate forms are lacking. They may inform associations with health-related indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to describe associations between RBC folate forms and different factors in the United States population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data for 5 biologically active RBC folate forms [5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF), unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA), tetrahydrofolate (THF), 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-formylTHF), and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (5,10-methenylTHF); sum of which is TFOL] and 1 oxidation product of 5-methylTHF (MeFox) in persons aged ≥6 y participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2021–2023 cycle. We excluded pregnant or lactating females. We assessed bivariate associations between folate biomarkers [concentrations for TFOL, 5-methylTHF, THF, and MeFox; prevalences ≥limit of detection (LOD) for UMFA, 5-formylTHF, and 5,10-methenylTHF] and demographic, physiologic, and lifestyle variables in persons ≥20 y, accounting for the complex sample design. We estimated the impact of covariates on biomarker concentrations or odds ratios after covariate adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In persons ≥6 y (<em>n</em>=7126), geometric mean concentrations (nmol/L) were 913 (TFOL), 835 (5-methylTHF), 26.3 (THF), and 161 (MeFox); prevalences ≥LOD (%) were 43.6 (UMFA), 40.6 (5-formylTHF), and 73.0 (5,10-methenylTHF); and contributions to RBC TFOL were 92.7% (5-methylTHF), 5.02% (THF), and 1.61% (5,10-methenylTHF), varying by race/Hispanic origin. In persons ≥20 y, fasting status was not associated with biomarker concentrations or the prevalence ≥LOD. Biomarkers were significantly associated before and after covariate adjustment with age (TFOL; 5-methylTHF; THF; 5,10-methenylTHF), sex (MeFox), race/Hispanic origin (TFOL; 5-methylTHF; THF; MeFox), body mass index (TFOL; 5-methylTHF), tobacco use (TFOL; THF; MeFox), and folic acid supplement use (TFOL; 5-methylTHF; THF; MeFox; 5-formylTHF; 5,10-methenylTHF). Covariates explained ≤21% of the variation of 5-methylTHF, THF, or MeFox concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Folic acid supplement use was the strongest predictor of RBC folate biomarker concentrations and detection. Differences in the methyl-to-nonmethyl makeup of RBC TFOL by race/Hispanic origin suggest potential biological and/or genetic influences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148733639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining the Estimate of Fruit Consumption in Brazil’s National Food Consumption Survey: Quantifying the “Cherry on the Cake”","authors":"Thaís R Guastalle,&nbsp;Glenda V da Silva,&nbsp;Mônica CR dos Anjos,&nbsp;Claudia CB Almeida,&nbsp;Victoria P de Quadros,&nbsp;Agnieszka Balcerzak,&nbsp;Bridget A Holmes,&nbsp;Sandra P Crispim","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cultural differences can influence how foods are defined, classified, and quantified, making it challenging to compare and interpret dietary data on national and global levels. Data harmonization plays a crucial role in addressing these challenges, and the FAO/WHO GIFT (Global Individual Food Consumption Data Tool) platform provides a framework for promoting harmonized data sharing.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This observational study aimed to quantify fruit consumption in Brazil in a harmonized manner, supporting national assessments and contributing to global dietary data-sharing efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 24-hour dietary recall data from the latest Brazilian National Food Consumption Survey (Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação/Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares) across 3 analytical scenarios to progressively improve comparability and detail about fruit consumption trends and consumed varieties: <em>1</em>) original data, <em>2</em>) data with harmonized food group classification, and <em>3</em>) data with harmonized food group classification and recipe disaggregation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, we identified 85 distinct fruit types. The 5 most consumed fruits in Brazil were banana (22.8%), orange (16.2%), apple (12.8%), papaya (9.1%), and açai berry (7.3%). Notably, açai berry stood out as the most consumed fruit in the North region (36.7%). Recipe disaggregation revealed 77 recipes containing fruits (7.9% of the total reported fruit consumption) and included 22 different fruits as ingredients. This significantly increased the number of identified fruit consumers in Brazil, with proportions of consumers rising from 37.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 37.0%, 38.9%] in scenario (1) to 52.2% (95% CI: 51.2%, 53.2%) in scenario (3). The mean daily fruit consumption per capita was estimated at 79.8 g/d (95% CI: 77.3 g/d, 82.3 g/d) and 49.7 g/1000 kcal/d (95% CI: 48.2 g/1000 kcal/d, 51.3 g/1000 kcal/d).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The analysis reveals substantial variations in fruit consumption across regions, sex, age groups, education levels, income levels, and ethnic groups. This study highlights the critical importance of food group classification and recipe disaggregation in measuring fruit consumption, thereby increasing the comparability of data within and between countries through data harmonization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148734028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) Supporting Innovative Nutrition Education for American Indian and Indigenous-Serving Organizations in Colorado","authors":"Sarah A Stotz,&nbsp;Kelli Begay,&nbsp;Shannon Francis,&nbsp;Devon Peña,&nbsp;Spero M Manson,&nbsp;Jini E Puma","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)-Education (Ed) is the nutrition education component of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) SNAP.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to elucidate the experiences of 3 CO-based, American Indian, or Indigenous-led organizations who engaged in a SNAP-Ed pilot funding project in fiscal year 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An instrumental, single case study design was employed to conduct this evaluation. The multiphase method evaluation included listening sessions (<em>n</em> = 8 Indigenous-serving organizations), invited requests for proposals, pilot award funding (<em>n</em> = 3 awarded organizations), and longitudinal, storytelling-based qualitative data collection during the funding cycle.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There are many ongoing food and nutrition education programs serving Indigenous/American Indian peoples in CO, which largely promote wellness and healing through traditional cultural practices and are not overtly framed as “nutrition education.” Two salient themes emerged: <em>1</em>) defining and describing indigenized, decolonized nutrition education, and <em>2</em>) description of experiences working with SNAP-Ed funding during FY2022, including challenges and future opportunities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To effectively address the priority area for SNAP-Ed funding to reach Tribal communities in each state, understanding the perspectives of Tribal and Indigenous-led communities who are new to SNAP-Ed funding is prudent. Next steps to continued cocreation of SNAP-Ed opportunities in Indigenous spaces include educating funders and policymakers on Indigenous ways of knowing, traditional food and nutrition practices, and importance of relationality, land, healing, and other Indigenous values. Determining the “success” of a program (e.g., program evaluation) needs to be defined by the community itself.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 104492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Patterns of Nonnutritive Sweetener Consumption among Adolescents and Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Southeast Nigeria","authors":"Beulah F Ortutu,&nbsp;Claire C Okwunodulu,&nbsp;Augusta C Ameze,&nbsp;Joy Sopuru,&nbsp;Adaeze C Ukegbu,&nbsp;Kelechi Ikpemo,&nbsp;Adiah M Odu,&nbsp;Nancy Oriaku,&nbsp;Deborah S Chijioke,&nbsp;Patricia O Ukegbu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) are increasingly incorporated into ultraprocessed foods and beverages, yet psychosocial drivers of NNS consumption across age groups in low- and middle-income settings remain poorly characterized. Understanding how knowledge, attitudinal beliefs, and information sources shape NNS consumption is essential for designing effective nutrition interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined age-related patterns of NNS consumption among adolescents and adults and evaluated how knowledge, attitudes, and sources of nutrition information interact to influence consumption practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2769 adolescents (10–19 y) and adults (≥20 y) in southeast Nigeria. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, NNS-related knowledge, attitudinal beliefs, consumption practices, and information sources. Mediation and conditional process analyses evaluated whether attitudinal beliefs mediated the knowledge-practice relationship and whether this mediation varied by knowledge level, age group, and information source. Logistic regression identified predictors of high NNS consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents (83.1%) showed a significantly higher prevalence of NNS consumption than adults (16.9%) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Results from the logistic regression revealed that being an adolescent was strongly associated with higher NNS consumption [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 19.45; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 15.43, −24.51]. Information sources from health professionals (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.47, −0.95) and the presence of underlying disease (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31, −0.82) were significantly associated with lower consumption. Mediation analysis indicated that positive attitudes partially mediated the relationship between knowledge and consumption practice (indirect effect <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NNS consumption patterns exhibited significant age-related variance and are shaped by a complex interplay between knowledge, belief-based attitudes, and the prevailing information environment. Public health nutrition interventions must evolve beyond traditional knowledge dissemination and adopt a multifaceted approach that addresses information quality, food environments, and age-targeted programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148660152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decolonizing the Narrative of Indigenous Food Sovereignty: A Scoping Review","authors":"Ines Sebai,&nbsp;Gabriela Berron Cadenas,&nbsp;Chris Furgal,&nbsp;Alejandro Argumedo,&nbsp;Treena Delormier","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This scoping review explores Indigenous food sovereignty (IFS) from an Indigenous perspective as a decolonizing framework, grounded in the cultural, spiritual, and ecological values of Indigenous communities. IFS integrates self-determination, cultural continuity, and ecological stewardship, offering a holistic approach for Indigenous communities to reclaim control over their food systems. By synthesizing existing literature, this review identifies core principles of IFS, including community governance, the revitalization of traditional practices, and respectful relationships with the environment. Examples from the literature highlight consistent themes across diverse Indigenous contexts, such as community gardens, traditional hunting and gathering, and intergenerational knowledge sharing. These practices illustrate Indigenous communities’ adaptation of food sovereignty principles to contemporary challenges, fostering cultural renewal, environmental sustainability, and community resilience. Additionally, this article reviews tools for assessing food sovereignty, addressing challenges in applying these tools across varied settings, and their potential to support decolonizing efforts. The findings underscore the need for policy advocacy and the recognition and support of Indigenous rights, including land restoration, the protection of traditional knowledge, and resources for sustainable food production. This work contributes to the broader discourse on Indigenous knowledge, cultural preservation, and food security, promoting a more inclusive and sustainable global food system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148733280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution of Inadequate Apparent Intake of Protein, Lysine, and Tryptophan among Malawi’s Households with Children Aged <5 y: Evidence from the 2019–2020 Integrated Household Survey","authors":"Keston Mwiwa Sinkhonde,&nbsp;Innocent Pangapanga-Phiri,&nbsp;Gareth Osman,&nbsp;Alexander A Kalimbira","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the spatial distribution of nutrient inadequacy is critical for designing context-specific interventions to improve human health.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of our study was to determine the spatial distribution of inadequate apparent protein, lysine, and tryptophan intake among Malawi’s households with children aged &lt;5 y.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrieved household consumption and expenditure data for 5952 children aged 6 to 59 mo from Malawi’s 2019–2020 Integrated Household Survey under formal consent from the National Statistical Office. Relevant food composition tables and databases were used to estimate protein, lysine, and tryptophan intake based on food items. Using the adult female equivalent matrix, we applied Food and Agriculture Organization thresholds (0.66 g/kg/d protein, 35 mg/kg/d lysine, and 4.8 mg/kg/d tryptophan) to assess adequacy. Household consumption data were processed in R Studio. Median values were used to replace outliers and conversion factors utilized to compute edible portions. The processed data were merged with district shapefiles and subsequently analyzed to generate the spatial distribution of nutrient inadequacy (total and available protein, lysine, and tryptophan).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regional disparities in nutrient inadequacy for total and available protein, lysine, and tryptophan were evident across Malawi, with inadequate available lysine intake being highly prevalent (&gt;40%) in all districts in the Central Region, followed by the Southern Region, where 7 of 13 districts experienced lysine deprivation of &gt;40%. Similarly, inadequate available protein intake was evident in the Central Region, followed by the Southern Region. The Northern Region exhibited the lowest inadequacy for total and available protein, lysine, and tryptophan intake among children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Regional variations in nutrient inadequacy were evident across Malawi, with the Central Region most affected by protein, lysine, and tryptophan inadequacy, followed by the Southern Region, although the Northern Region showed the lowest inadequacy. This highlights the need for region-specific interventions to address protein, lysine, and tryptophan inadequacy among children aged &lt;5 y.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 109448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148733636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}