以理想蛋白质为基础的必需氨基酸需要量估算及赖氨酸在鲍鱼低蛋白质饲料配方中的作用

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107528

Yao-Bin Ma , Wei-Guang Zou , Chun-Xiang Ai , Sheng-Tai Liu , Xuan Luo , Wei-Wei You , Cai-Huan Ke

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引用次数: 0

摘要

水产饲料中较高的日粮蛋白质水平会导致氮废物增加，这就需要制定可持续的饲养策略，以平衡生长性能和环境责任。目的通过计算必需氨基酸与赖氨酸的比值，探讨添加赖氨酸是否能降低lvan鲍鱼（halotis discus hannai♀× Haliotis fulgens♂）饲料中的蛋白质含量。方法配制5种等能饲粮：1种对照饲粮（CP27，粗蛋白质含量为27%），2种低蛋白质饲粮（CP23和CP19，粗蛋白质含量分别为23%和19%），以及相应赖氨酸补充饲粮（CP23 + AA和CP19 + AA）。84 d饲喂试验（初始鲍鱼体重19.49±0.52 g）后，测定鲍鱼的生长、消化率、氮排泄、肝脏转氨酶、肌肉组成、持水能力、质地和挥发性特征。结果与对照组相比，CP23 + AA饲粮维持了生长性能，提高了蛋白质表观消化率，降低了氮排泄量（P < 0.05）。相比之下，CP19 + AA日粮降低了生长（P < 0.05）。与CP23组相比，添加赖氨酸可使转氨酶活性升高，但差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。CP19 + AA组转氨酶活性显著高于未添加CP19组（P < 0.05）。结论在添加赖氨酸的情况下，饲粮蛋白质降低4%，表明鲍鱼养殖具有持续生长和提高产品质量的潜力，同时减少了含氮废物的产生。

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Ideal Protein-Based Estimation of Essential Amino Acid Requirements and The Role of Lysine Supplementation in Low-Protein Feed Formulations of Abalone

Background

High dietary protein levels in aquafeeds lead to increased nitrogenous waste, which requires the development of sustainable feeding strategies that balance growth performance with environmental responsibility.

Objectives

This study calculated the ratio of essential amino acids to lysine and investigated whether dietary protein could be reduced in feeds for Lvpan abalone (Haliotis discus hannai♀ × Haliotis fulgens♂) by lysine supplementation.

Methods

Five diets were formulated to be isoenergetic: a control diet (CP27, 27% crude protein), 2 low-protein diets (CP23 and CP19, 23% and 19% CP, respectively), and their lysine supplementation counterparts (CP23 + AA and CP19 + AA). After an 84-d feeding trial (initial abalone weight, 19.49 ± 0.52 g), the growth, digestibility, nitrogen excretion, hepatic transaminases, muscle composition, water-holding capacity, texture, and volatile profile were measured.

Results

The CP23 + AA diet maintained growth performance, improved apparent protein digestibility, and decreased nitrogen excretion compared with the control (P < 0.05). In contrast, the CP19 + AA diet reduced growth (P < 0.05). Lysine supplementation in the CP23 + AA group resulted in an increase in transaminase activity compared with the CP23 group, but it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Transaminase activity was greater in the CP19 + AA group than in the unsupplemented CP19 group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

A 4% reduction in dietary protein, when supplemented with lysine, demonstrates potential for sustainable abalone aquaculture through sustained growth and product quality coupled with reduced nitrogenous waste production.

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