Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Psychosocial Influences on Breastfeeding Duration: Maternal, Paternal, and Infant Contributors","authors":"Yuting Fan ,&nbsp;Sharon M Donovan ,&nbsp;Kelly F Bost","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breastfeeding provides significant health benefits for infants and mothers, yet many families face challenges leading to early cessation. The role of maternal psychosocial factors, paternal psychosocial support, and parental perceptions of infant characteristics on breastfeeding duration remains underexplored. This narrative review aimed to synthesize recent literature on the psychosocial influences of maternal, paternal, and infant-related factors on breastfeeding duration. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database to extract peer-reviewed studies between 2014 and 2024. The search terms include those relate to parents (e.g., “mother,” “father,” “maternal,” “paternal,”), infants (e.g., “infant,” “baby”), psychosocial factors (e.g., “mental health,” “self-efficacy,” “depression,” “anxiety”), and breastfeeding duration outcomes (e.g., “breastfeeding duration,” “continuation”) to identify relevant studies. A total of 447 articles were identified through the initial search, and 31 articles were included in the final qualitative analysis based on relevance to the inclusion criteria. The literature suggests that maternal mental well-being and lower self-efficacy are the most prominent predictors of breastfeeding duration and cessation. Additionally, fathers’ active participation, such as providing emotional support, can have a positive impact on breastfeeding duration. Variations in infant temperament were found to be associated with maternal breastfeeding and caregiving styles, which in turn influence breastfeeding duration. In summary, maternal, paternal, and infant psychosocial factors all contribute to variations in breastfeeding duration; however, paternal psychological factors and infant temperament are underrepresented in research on breastfeeding. A more holistic perspective is needed to guide future research and interventions aimed at supporting breastfeeding persistence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Adequacy in Europe: Adjusting Crude Intakes Using the Protein Adequacy and Quality Score (PAQS)","authors":"Samantha Nikita Heerschop ,&nbsp;Sander Biesbroek ,&nbsp;Merel Celine Daas ,&nbsp;Anneleen Kuijsten ,&nbsp;Mirjana Gurinović ,&nbsp;Johanna Marianne Geleijnse ,&nbsp;Pieter van ’t Veer","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Because of high overall protein intakes and the substantial proportion of animal-based protein in Europe, protein quality was not considered an issue. However, this may become important when moving toward more sustainable diets that include more plant protein.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To facilitate the assessment of protein adequacy while considering protein quality, this study aimed to provide an overview of current protein intake and adequacy in European adults, based on crude and utilizable protein.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To assess the prevalence of inadequate protein intake in Europe, the Protein Adequacy and Quality Score (PAQS) was developed and applied to adults (18–64 y) of 25 national dietary surveys obtained from the Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database of the European Food Safety Authority. The PAQS assesses protein adequacy as the ratio of daily utilizable protein intake to requirement, with utilizable protein calculated on a meal basis by considering protein digestibility, indispensable amino acid requirements, and crude protein intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When accounting for energy misreporting, within-subject variation, and nonnormality of the intake distribution, the prevalence of crude protein inadequacy was &lt;1% in both sexes. Utilizable protein inadequacy ranged from 0% (Spain) to 7% (Austria) in females, except for Germany (17%), and from 0% (Montenegro) to 6% (Germany) in males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest no immediate concern for healthy adults regarding utilizable protein intake of current diets. However, diets of females in Germany may warrant closer attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Practices Among Children Aged 6–36 Months Living in Urban Abidjan, Cote D’Ivoire: The Victory Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jeanne H Bottin ,&nbsp;Amed Coulibaly ,&nbsp;Stéphane Parfait Sablé ,&nbsp;Julie Derrien ,&nbsp;Peggy Drouillet-Pinard ,&nbsp;Sassor Odile Purifine Aké-Tano","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Micronutrient deficiencies, often resulting from the consumption of diets with low nutritional value and diversity, remain a major public health concern for children in low-income countries. Understanding food consumption practices is crucial for providing an evidence-based foundation for designing and implementing effective intervention strategies to address micronutrient deficiencies in vulnerable geographies and populations.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess infant feeding practices and dietary intakes of healthy children aged 6–36 mo living in Abidjan, Cote Ivoire.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Food and beverage intake was collected by their mother using an interview-based 24-h dietary intake questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed after classification based on food groups and subgroups defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization, adjusted to reflect Ivorian food specificities. Dietary quality was evaluated through dietary diversity scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four hundred seven children were included (6–11 mo old: <em>n</em> = 213; 12–23 mo old: <em>n</em> = 135; and 24–36 mo old: <em>n</em> = 59; 53% female). Exclusive and nonexclusive breastfeeding prevalence at 6 mo was 37% and 95%, respectively. Breastfeeding continuation rates were 85%, 38%, and 3% in the 6- to 11-, 12- to 23-, and 24- to 36-mo-old group, respectively. The most consumed food groups were dairy (92% of the sample), cereals (88%), roots, tubers, and starchy foods (38%), fish (49%), and vegetables (41%), whereas meat (11%), fruits (15%), eggs (15%), pulses (3%), and seeds and nuts (2%) were seldom consumed. Milk intake decreased with age, whereas cereal and starchy food consumption increased. Dietary diversity was low (dietary diversity score: 3.3 ± 1.4), increasing with age. The proportion of children not meeting the minimum dietary diversity was 74%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study provided information on the dietary intake of children aged 6–36 mo. The results showed that the children’s feeding practices and dietary intakes are suboptimal. This calls for interventions to improve child feeding practices in this age group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigenda for ‘Abstracts from NUTRITION 2025’ [Current Developments in Nutrition 9S2 (2025)]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparative Effects of White Potato and White Rice Consumption on Measures of Cardiometabolic Health in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Features of Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"Neda S Akhavan ,&nbsp;Holly E Clarke ,&nbsp;Taylor A Behl ,&nbsp;Saiful Singar ,&nbsp;Amy P Mullins ,&nbsp;Raedeh Basiri ,&nbsp;Joshua Kidwell ,&nbsp;Bahram H Arjmandi ,&nbsp;Claire E Berryman ,&nbsp;Robert C Hickner","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective of this study was to compare the effects of daily consumption of white potatoes compared with white rice on cardiometabolic health in individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the effects of white potato consumption compared to white rice (a commonly consumed refined grain) on indices of glycemic control and cardiovascular health in individuals with overweight or obesity and T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized crossover study, comparative control trial, 24 adults with T2D [45–80 y, body mass index (kg/m²) 25–40] consumed baked white potatoes (100 g) or calorie-matched white rice (75 g) daily for 12 wk, separated by a 2-wk washout, with assessments of glycemic control, lipids, inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function, and body composition at baseline (only 1 baseline visit included as a covariate in statistical analyses), 6 wk, and 12 wk. A linear mixed model was used to assess treatment (potato or rice), time (6 wk or 12 wk), and the treatment-by-time interaction for all outcome variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05) treatment-by-time interactions for any outcome. There was a main effect of treatment (i.e., independent of time) with the potato regimen resulting in lower waist circumference (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; 4.5 ± 1.0 cm), percent fat mass (<em>P</em> = 0.01; 1.7 ± 0.7%), waist-to-hip ratio (<em>P</em> = 0.002; 0.025 ± 0.013), heart rate (<em>P</em> = 0.01; 3.1 ± 1.2 bpm), as well as higher percent fat-free mass (<em>P</em> = 0.05; 1.4 ± 0.7%) and maximum brachial artery dilation (<em>P</em> = 0.05; 0.074 ± 0.037 mm) when compared to the rice regimen. There were significant timepoint effects (i.e., independent of treatment) for increased homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (<em>P</em> = 0.02; 34.3 ± 14.5) and decreased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (<em>P</em> = 0.02; 0.08 ± 0.05 <em>μ</em>g/mL) and flow-mediated dilation/shear (<em>P</em> = 0.03; 4.3 × 10^–5 ± 3.79 × 10^–5) during the study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>White potatoes did not negatively affect glycemic indices, vascular health, lipids, or blood pressure compared to white rice and modestly improved body composition and vascular measures. In both groups, over time, there were reductions in flow-mediated dilation/shear stress, β cell function, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Our preliminary results support white potatoes as a substitute for white rice in T2D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Veggie Meter–Assessed Skin Carotenoids and Dietary Intake Among Indigenous Families: The Indigenous Supported Agriculture “Go Healthy” Study","authors":"Susan B Sisson ,&nbsp;Emma Kasahara ,&nbsp;Shanon Casperson ,&nbsp;Stephanie Jilcott Pitts ,&nbsp;Jessica Reese ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Tori Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Kaylee R Clyma ,&nbsp;Jann Hayman ,&nbsp;Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Indigenous communities have seldom been included in previous research on skin carotenoid scores (SCS) and diet. Further, little is known about familial SCS.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine associations between SCS and body mass index (BMI), dietary intake among adults and children in Osage Nation, and examine associations between SCS among family members.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study examined SCS measured using a Veggie Meter. Adults completed a single 24-h diet recall to calculate the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Linear mixed modeling was used to examine associations, while accounting for family correlation. Linear regression (adjusting for age, sex, BMI, tobacco use, and season) was used to examine associations between SCS and diet. Spearman correlation were used to examine associations between SCS between household members.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the study population, 61% of adults (<em>n</em> = 445) was females and 93% overweight/obese; HEI was 42.7 ± 11.2; and SCS was 211.8 ± 57.9. Further, 55.6% of children (<em>n</em> = 135, 3–17 y) was females and 45.2% overweight/obese, with HEI of 207.8 ± 62.0. In adults, SCS were higher in males than that in females (226.0 ± 61.0 compared with 203.6 ± 55.1; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Children &lt;10 y had higher SCS than those ≥10 y (221.4 ± 65.8 compared with 194.2 ± 55.5; <em>P</em> = 0.017). Children with obesity (178.4 ± 44.0) had significantly lower SCS than children in other weight classifications (<em>P</em> = 0.023). HEI was significantly associated with SCS (β: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.99). Household adult SCS was significantly correlated (<em>r</em> = 0.26; <em>P</em> = 0.005). SCS among children &lt;10 y were significantly associated with adult SCS (<em>r</em> = 0.34; <em>P</em> = 0.037). No correlations were observed in SCSs between children ≥10 y and adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adult males, younger (&lt;10 y) children, and nonobese children show higher SCS. A healthier overall diet, as measured by HEI, is associated with higher SCS in adults, while controlling for covariates. Within families, SCS between adults were correlated, indicating similar dietary intake of fruit and vegetables. Adult SCS within households is associated with young children’s (&lt;10 y) SCS, but not with that of older children (≥10 y).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I Never Don’t Have Water Because I Collect Rainwater”: Domains of Water Insecurity and Their Sociocultural Correlates in an Indigenous Community of Northern Argentina","authors":"Sofia I Olmedo ,&nbsp;Claudia R Valeggia ,&nbsp;Cecilia Palavecino ,&nbsp;Rafael Pérez-Escamilla","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lifestyles and worldviews of indigenous communities have long been deeply intertwined with natural resources, particularly water. These vital resources are now severely threatened by systemic social marginalization and the enduring impacts of colonization, further violating the human right to water access. Our primary objective was to assess the domains and correlates of water insecurity in a Pilagá community in Formosa, Argentina. This sequential exploratory mixed-methods cross-sectional study, conducted in 2023, involved data collection from Pilagá households representing 59 family clusters, covering all family units in the community. We used a prevalidated Household Water Insecurity Experience survey. Qualitative data were gathered through semistructured interviews and participant observation. The average age of participants was 36.8 ± 12.7 y, with most being women, who primarily handled the task of fetching water. Water insecurity was prevalent, affecting 62% of households, most of which depended on well pumps. The most serious concern associated with water was the lack of long-term stability. Through an ecologic model, we identified multiple interrelated contextual variables, revealing that shifts in one area (geographic, capitalistic market, water policies, and infrastructure policies) had ripple effects across others. Key correlates included water sources, cultural perceptions of water, resource distribution, and social dynamics around water. The Pilagá community confronts pervasive water insecurity within a challenging and evolving socioecologic landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating a Nutrient-Dense Menu Using Foods Consumed by Native Communities in the Northern Great Plains Prior to 1851 for Use in Dietary Intervention Trial","authors":"Julie M Hess ,&nbsp;Jacob D Bourboun ,&nbsp;Madeline E Comeau ,&nbsp;Brooke Froelich ,&nbsp;Debra Fossum ,&nbsp;Angela Scheett ,&nbsp;Edwin Kitzes ,&nbsp;Tiffany Baker-Ramsey ,&nbsp;Dale C Brunelle ,&nbsp;James N Roemmich","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Indigenous communities experience greater rates of health disparities than surrounding areas, in part due to a forced transition away from traditional diets.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to develop a dietary intervention (menu) based on traditional foods consumed by indigenous peoples who lived in the Northern Great Plains region near modern-day Grand Forks, North Dakota (ND), prior to the year 1851.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three key factors informed this menu—<em>1</em>) nutrient composition; <em>2</em>) traditional foods; and <em>3</em>) practicality for contemporary consumers using modern preparation methods. Food pattern modeling was applied to the Healthy United States–Style Dietary Pattern from the 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans to determine the nutrient composition of a 2400 kcal eating pattern, used as the goal nutrient composition. To define “traditional” foods, a list of foods and beverages consumed by indigenous peoples in the Grand Forks, ND, area prior to 1851 (when the Indian Appropriations Act established reservations) was developed through historical research. Recipes were refined and tasted for the seasoning level by trained kitchen staff in collaboration with an indigenous chef and leader.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On average, the 5-d menu provided adequate nutrition, including sufficient fiber (50.5 g), potassium (4606 mg), and iron (22.5 mg). Sodium (2828 mg) exceeded the 2300 mg recommendation, whereas saturated fat (6.5% of total calories) was provided within recommendations. The menu fell below recommendations for calcium (617 mg) and vitamin D (4.2 μg).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A menu comprising foods traditional to indigenous communities of the Northern Great Plains meets some contemporary and evidence-based recommendations for healthy eating patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cost of Expanding Ethiopia’s Salt Iodization Program to Include Multiple Micronutrients","authors":"Katherine P Adams ,&nbsp;Dawd Gashu ,&nbsp;Elias Asfaw Zegeye ,&nbsp;MG Venkatesh Mannar ,&nbsp;Levente L Diosady ,&nbsp;N Ananth ,&nbsp;E Louise Ander","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With near universal consumption of salt and technological advances that have made its fortification with multiple micronutrients feasible, salt has great potential for public health impact as a delivery vehicle for not only iodine but also multiple micronutrients. Decisions around modifying existing salt standards to include additional micronutrients should consider not only potential impacts but also stakeholder-specific costs.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to estimate the total and incremental cost of expanding Ethiopia’s salt iodization program to include folic acid (dual fortified salt), folic acid and vitamin B-12 (triple fortified salt), or folic acid, vitamin B-12, and zinc (quadruple fortified salt).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed activity-based cost models to estimate salt fortification costs over a 10-y time horizon (2024–2033). Model assumptions and parameters were primarily based on interviews with Ethiopian stakeholders in industry and government and nongovernmental partners.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The estimated annual average per capita cost of Ethiopia’s existing salt iodization program was ∼$2.1 million (2021 US dollars) or ∼$7/metric ton (MT) of fortified salt (∼$0.02/y). Expanding the program to include folic acid, which could be sprayed onto salt along with the iodine, would increase the annual average per capita cost to ∼$2.5 million, or ∼$8.30/MT (∼$0.02/y). Annually, the costs of triple and quadruple fortified salt programs, which would require encapsulating the additional micronutrients as a solid premix to help ensure stability, were ∼$18 million (∼$59/MT; $0.13 per capita) and $19 million (∼$63/MT; ∼$0.14 per capita), respectively. Premix costs accounted for approximately half of the total cost of the iodized and dual fortified salt programs and ∼90% of triple and quadruple fortified salt.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>If Ethiopia considers modifying its existing salt iodization standard to include 1 or more additional micronutrients, there will be many important considerations, including costs and affordability. The cost estimates presented in this study can complement evidence of the potential for multiple fortified salt to reduce micronutrient deficiencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 107508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrients Associated With Anemia in School-age Children and Adolescents 2005–2018: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) Project","authors":"Rochelle Werner ,&nbsp;Hanqi Luo ,&nbsp;Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Yuqing Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaxi Geng ,&nbsp;Yi-An Ko ,&nbsp;Parminder S Suchdev ,&nbsp;Yaw Addo ,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta ,&nbsp;Victor Temple ,&nbsp;Frank Wieringa ,&nbsp;Fabian Rohner ,&nbsp;Maria J Ramirez-Luzuriaga ,&nbsp;Reina Engle-Stone ,&nbsp;Anne Williams ,&nbsp;Melissa F Young ,&nbsp;BRINDA Workgroup","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>School-age children and adolescents may be at risk of anemia through demands on micronutrients required for growth and maturation.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This multicountry analysis examined the burden of anemia in children aged 5–19 y by sex and age category and associations with micronutrient deficiencies, inflammation, and BMI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Children aged 5–19 y from surveys in the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) Project were included with hemoglobin, ≥1 micronutrient (iron, vitamin A, folate, vitamin B₁₂, or zinc) and inflammation biomarker, and <em>n</em> &gt; 100 per survey. Factors with bivariate relationships with anemia (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.1) were included in multivariable modified Poisson regression models to examine the attributable burden of anemia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This analysis included 54,534 children from 17 surveys in 16 countries (16 surveys for 15–19 y; 9 surveys for 10–14 y; 8 surveys for 5–9 y). Median overall anemia prevalence was 16% (range: 5% in Ecuador, United Kingdom, and United States to 59% in Côte d’Ivoire) with the highest burden in 15–19-y-old females (24%). In most surveys, anemia prevalence did not differ by sex for children aged 5–14 y, and median anemia prevalence was lower in children aged 10–14 y (7%) than in those aged 5–9 y (9%) or 15–19 y (22%). In most surveys, higher anemia prevalence was associated (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) with iron deficiency (15%) [prevalence ratio (PR): 1.6–14.2; 5–9 y, 4/7 surveys; 10–14 y, 6/6 surveys; 15–19 y, 13/14 surveys), vitamin A deficiency (2%) (PR: 1.8–3.0; 5–9 y, 2/2 surveys; 10–14 y, 2/3 surveys; 15–19 y, 2/3 surveys), and inflammation (13%) (PR: 1.4–2.4: 5–9 y, 4/4 surveys; 10–14 y, 2/4 surveys; 15–19 y, 6/8 surveys). Folate, vitamin B₁₂, zinc, and BMI had weak, variable associations with anemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency are consistently associated with anemia in school-age children and adolescents, whereas inflammation and other micronutrients had context-dependent associations. This research underscores the importance of examining multiple micronutrients associated with anemia in the context of factors such as country, age, and sex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 107502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}