Interdisciplinary Materials最新文献_第6页

Electrochemical biosensors and power supplies for wearable health-managing textile systems 用于可穿戴健康管理纺织系统的电化学生物传感器和电源

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12154

Changxin Li, Kangkang Jia, Qimin Liang, Yingchun Li, Sisi He

{"title":"Electrochemical biosensors and power supplies for wearable health-managing textile systems","authors":"Changxin Li, Kangkang Jia, Qimin Liang, Yingchun Li, Sisi He","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12154","DOIUrl":"10.1002/idm2.12154","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, wearable electrochemical biosensors have received increasing attention, benefiting from the growing demand for continuous monitoring for personalized medicine and point-of-care medical assistance. Incorporating electrochemical biosensing and corresponding power supply into everyday textiles could be a promising strategy for next-generation non-invasive and comfort interaction mode with healthcare. This review starts with the manufacturing and structural design of electrochemical biosensing textiles and discusses a series of wearable electrochemical biosensing textiles monitoring various biomarkers (e.g., pH, electrolytes, metabolite, and cytokines) at the molecular level. The fiber-shaped or textile-based solar cells and aqueous batteries as corresponding energy harvesting and storage devices are further introduced as a complete power supply for electrochemical biosensing textiles. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects relating to sensing textile systems from wearability, durability, washability, sample collection and analysis, and clinical validation.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"270-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tuning the selectivity of CO2 conversion to CO on partially reduced Cu2O/ZnO heterogeneous interface 在部分还原的 Cu2O/ZnO 异质界面上调节 CO2 转化为 CO 的选择性

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12157

Tianci Xiang, Ting Liu, Ting Ouyang, Shenlong Zhao, Zhao-Qing Liu

{"title":"Tuning the selectivity of CO2 conversion to CO on partially reduced Cu2O/ZnO heterogeneous interface","authors":"Tianci Xiang, Ting Liu, Ting Ouyang, Shenlong Zhao, Zhao-Qing Liu","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12157","DOIUrl":"10.1002/idm2.12157","url":null,"abstract":"The development of stable and efficient low-cost electrocatalysts is conducive to the industrialization of CO2. The synergy effect between the heterogeneous interface of metal/oxide can promote the conversion of CO2. In this work, Cu2O/ZnO heterostructures with partially reduced metal/oxide heterointerfaces in Zn plates (CZZ) have been synthesized for CO2 electroreduction in different cationic solutions (K+ and Cs+). Physical characterizations were used to demonstrate the heterojunction of Cu2O/ZnO and the heterointerfaces of metal/oxide; electrochemical tests were used to illustrate the enhancement of the selectivity of CO2 to CO in different cationic solutions. Faraday efficiency for CO with CZZ as catalyst reaches 70.9% in K+ solution (current density for CO −3.77 mA cm−2 and stability 24 h), and the Faraday efficiency for CO is 55.2% in Cs+ solution (−2.47 mA cm−2 and 21 h). In addition, in situ techniques are used to elucidate possible reaction mechanisms for the conversion of CO2 to CO in K+ and Cs+ solutions.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"380-388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Julolidine functionalized benzimidazoline-doped fullerene derivatives for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells 用于高效稳定的过氧化物太阳能电池的朱咯烷功能化苯并咪唑啉掺杂富勒烯衍生物

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12155

Yanqing Zhu, Chenglong Li, JiaHui Chen, Yuxi Zhang, Jianfeng Lu, Min Hu, Wangnan Li, Fuzhi Huang, Yi-Bing Cheng, Hyesung Park, Shengqiang Xiao

{"title":"Julolidine functionalized benzimidazoline-doped fullerene derivatives for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells","authors":"Yanqing Zhu, Chenglong Li, JiaHui Chen, Yuxi Zhang, Jianfeng Lu, Min Hu, Wangnan Li, Fuzhi Huang, Yi-Bing Cheng, Hyesung Park, Shengqiang Xiao","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12155","DOIUrl":"10.1002/idm2.12155","url":null,"abstract":"Fullerene derivatives are highly attractive materials in solar cells, organic thermoelectrics, and other devices. However, the intrinsic low electron mobility and electrical conductivity restrict their potential device performance, such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we successfully enhanced the electric properties and morphology of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) by n-doping it with a benzimidazoline derivative, 9-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-julolidine (JLBI-H) via a solution process. We found the n-doping can not only improve the conductivity and optimize the band alignment but also enable the PCBM to have a constantly strong charge extraction ability in a wide temperature from 173 to 373 K, which guarantees a stable photovoltaic performance of the corresponding PSCs under a wide range of operating temperatures. With the JLBI-H-doped PCBM, we improved the efficiency from 17.9% to 19.8%, along with enhanced stability of the nonencapsulated devices following the aging protocol of ISOS-D-1.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"369-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating lithium affinity of hosts for reversible lithium metal batteries 调节可逆锂金属电池宿主的锂亲和力

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12153

Hao Liu, Yuchen Ji, Yang Li, Shisheng Zheng, Zihang Dong, Kai Yang, Aimin Cao, Yuxiang Huang, Yinchao Wang, Haifeng Shen, Shao-jian Zhang, Feng Pan, Luyi Yang

{"title":"Regulating lithium affinity of hosts for reversible lithium metal batteries","authors":"Hao Liu, Yuchen Ji, Yang Li, Shisheng Zheng, Zihang Dong, Kai Yang, Aimin Cao, Yuxiang Huang, Yinchao Wang, Haifeng Shen, Shao-jian Zhang, Feng Pan, Luyi Yang","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/idm2.12153","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium (Li) metal batteries are regarded as the “holy grail” of next-generation rechargeable batteries, but the poor redox reversibility of Li anode hinders its practical applications. While extensive studies have been carried out to design lithiophilic substrates for facile Li plating, their effects on Li stripping are often neglected. In this study, by homogeneously loading indium (In) single atoms on N-doped graphene via In-N bonds, the affinity between Li and hosting substrates is regulated. In situ observation of Li deposition/stripping processes shows that compared with the N-doped graphene substrate, the introduction of In effectively promotes its reversibility of Li redox, achieving a dendrite-free Li anode with much-improved coulombic efficiency. Interestingly, theoretical calculations demonstrate that In atoms have actually made the substrate less lithophilic via passivating the N sites to avoid the formation of irreversible Li–N bonding. Therefore, a “volcano curve” for reversible Li redox processes is proposed: the affinity of substrates toward Li should be optimized to a moderate value, where the balance for both Li plating and Li stripping processes could be reached. By demonstrating a crucial design principle for Li metal hosting substrates, our finding could trigger the rapid development of related research.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"297-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tandem catalysis in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction: Unlocking efficiency and mechanism 电催化硝酸盐还原中的串联催化：揭示效率和机理

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12152

Ziyang Wu, Yanhui Song, Haocheng Guo, Fengting Xie, Yuting Cong, Min Kuang, Jianping Yang

{"title":"Tandem catalysis in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction: Unlocking efficiency and mechanism","authors":"Ziyang Wu, Yanhui Song, Haocheng Guo, Fengting Xie, Yuting Cong, Min Kuang, Jianping Yang","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/idm2.12152","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) holds promise for ecofriendly nitrate removal. However, the challenge of achieving high selectivity and efficiency in electrocatalyst systems still significantly hampers the mechanism understanding and the large-scale application. Tandem catalysts, comprising multiple catalytic components working synergistically, offer promising potential for improving the efficiency and selectivity of the NO3RR. This review highlights recent progress in designing tandem catalysts for electrochemical NO3RR, including the noble metal-related system, transition metal electrocatalysts, and pulsed electrocatalysis strategies. Specifically, the optimization of active sites, interface engineering, synergistic effects between catalyst components, various in situ technologies, and theory simulations are discussed in detail. Challenges and opportunities in the development of tandem catalysts for scaling up electrochemical NO3RR are further discussed, such as stability, durability, and reaction mechanisms. By outlining possible solutions for future tandem catalyst design, this review aims to open avenues for efficient nitrate reduction and comprehensive insights into the mechanisms for energy sustainability and environmental safety.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"245-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Storage dynamics of ions on graphene 离子在石墨烯上的存储动力学

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12146

Minghao Guo, Kun Ni, Yanwu Zhu

引用次数: 0

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) in inverted perovskite solar cells and their tandem photovoltaics application 倒置过氧化物太阳能电池中的自组装单层 (SAM) 及其串联光伏应用

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12145

Zijun Yi, Xin Li, Yuchen Xiong, Guibin Shen, Wenguang Zhang, Yihuai Huang, Qinghui Jiang, Xin Ren Ng, Yubo Luo, Jianghui Zheng, Wei Lin Leong, Fan Fu, Tongle Bu, Junyou Yang

{"title":"Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) in inverted perovskite solar cells and their tandem photovoltaics application","authors":"Zijun Yi, Xin Li, Yuchen Xiong, Guibin Shen, Wenguang Zhang, Yihuai Huang, Qinghui Jiang, Xin Ren Ng, Yubo Luo, Jianghui Zheng, Wei Lin Leong, Fan Fu, Tongle Bu, Junyou Yang","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/idm2.12145","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) employed in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved groundbreaking progress in device efficiency and stability for both single-junction and tandem configurations, owing to their distinctive and versatile ability to manipulate chemical and physical interface properties. In this regard, we present a comprehensive review of recent research advancements concerning SAMs in inverted perovskite single-junction and tandem solar cells, where the prevailing challenges and future development prospects in the applications of SAMs are emphasized. We thoroughly examine the mechanistic roles of diverse SAMs in energy-level regulation, interface modification, defect passivation, and charge transportation. This is achieved by understanding how interfacial molecular interactions can be finely tuned to mitigate charge recombination losses in inverted PSCs. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide valuable insights and references for further investigation and utilization of SAMs in inverted perovskite single-junction and tandem solar cells.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"203-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In situ polymerization of water-induced 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate for enhanced efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells 原位聚合水诱导的 1,3-亚苯基二异氰酸酯，以提高倒置型过氧化物太阳能电池的效率和稳定性

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12147

Shiyao Jia, Jiabao Yang, Tong Wang, Xingyu Pu, Hui Chen, Xilai He, Guangpeng Feng, Xingyuan Chen, Yijun Bai, Qi Cao, Xuanhua Li

{"title":"In situ polymerization of water-induced 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate for enhanced efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells","authors":"Shiyao Jia, Jiabao Yang, Tong Wang, Xingyu Pu, Hui Chen, Xilai He, Guangpeng Feng, Xingyuan Chen, Yijun Bai, Qi Cao, Xuanhua Li","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/idm2.12147","url":null,"abstract":"In the realm of photovoltaics, organometallic hybridized perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand out as promising contenders for achieving high-efficiency photoelectric conversion, owing to their remarkable performance attributes. Nevertheless, defects within the perovskite layer, especially at the perovskite grain boundaries and surface, have a substantial impact on both the overall photoelectric performance and long-term operational stability of PSCs. To mitigate this challenge, we propose a method for water-induced condensation polymerization of small molecules involving the incorporation of 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate (1,3-PDI) into the perovskite film using an antisolvent technique. Subsequent to this step, the introduction of water triggers the polymerization of [P(1,3-PDI)], thereby facilitating the in situ passivation of uncoordinated lead defects inherent in the perovskite film. This passivation process demonstrates a notable enhancement in both the efficiency and stability of PSCs. This approach has led to the attainment of a noteworthy power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.66% in inverted PSCs. Furthermore, based on the P(1,3-PDI) modification, these devices maintain 90.15% of their initial efficiency after 5000 h of storage under ambient conditions of 25°C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity. Additionally, even after maximum power point tracking for 1000 h, the PSCs modified with P(1,3-PDI) sustain 82.05% of the initial PCE. Small molecules can rationally manipulate water and turn harm into benefit, providing new directions and methods for improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"316-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanding from materials to biology inspired by biomineralization 受生物矿化的启发，从材料扩展到生物学

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12144

Qi Wang, Lishan Hu, Xiaoyu Wang, Ruikang Tang

{"title":"Expanding from materials to biology inspired by biomineralization","authors":"Qi Wang, Lishan Hu, Xiaoyu Wang, Ruikang Tang","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/idm2.12144","url":null,"abstract":"Biomineralization is the intricate process by which living organisms orchestrate the formation of organic–inorganic composites by regulating the nucleation, orientation, growth, and assembly of inorganic minerals. As our comprehension of biomineralization principles deepens, novel strategies for fabricating inorganic materials based on these principles have emerged. Researchers can also harness biomineralization strategies to tackle challenges in both materials' science and biomedical fields, demonstrating a thriving research field. This review begins by introducing the concept of biomineralization and subsequently shifts its focus to a recently discovered chemical concept: inorganic ionic oligomers and their cross-linking. As a novel approach for constructing inorganic materials, the inorganic ionic oligomer-based strategy finds applications in biomimetic regeneration and repair of hard tissues, such as teeth and bones. Aside from innovative methods for material fabrication, biomineralization has emerged as an alternative method for tackling biomedical challenges by integrating materials with biological organisms, facilitating advancements in biomedical fields. Emerging material-biological integrators play a critical role in areas like vaccine improvement, cancer therapy, universal blood transfusion, and arthritis treatment. This review highlights the profound impact of biomineralization in the development and design of high-performance materials that go beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries, potentially promoting breakthroughs in materials science, chemical biology, biomedical, and numerous other domains.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"165-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139851602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ultrathin and crack-free metal-organic framework film for effective polysulfide inhibition in lithium–sulfur batteries 用于锂硫电池中有效抑制多硫化物的超薄无裂纹金属有机框架薄膜

Interdisciplinary Materials Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12143

Cheng Zhou, Chenxu Dong, Weixiao Wang, Yu Tian, Chunli Shen, Kaijian Yan, Liqiang Mai, Xu Xu

{"title":"An ultrathin and crack-free metal-organic framework film for effective polysulfide inhibition in lithium–sulfur batteries","authors":"Cheng Zhou, Chenxu Dong, Weixiao Wang, Yu Tian, Chunli Shen, Kaijian Yan, Liqiang Mai, Xu Xu","doi":"10.1002/idm2.12143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/idm2.12143","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their extensive microporous structure, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) find widespread application in constructing modification layers, functioning as ion sieves. However, the modification layers prepared by existing methods feature gaps between MOFs that are noticeably larger than the inherent MOF pore dimensions. Polysulfides and lithium ions unavoidably permeate through these gaps, hindering the full exploitation of the structural advantages. Herein, an ultrathin (20 nm) and crack-free MOF film is formed on the separator by atomic layer deposition for the first time. Based on the separator, the mechanism of different MOF layers has been verified by phase field simulation and in situ Raman spectroscopy. The results accurately prove that the MOF particle layer can relieve the shuttle of polysulfides, but it does not have the effect of homogenizing lithium ions. Only the ultrathin and crack-free MOF film with proper pore size can act as the ion sieve for both polysulfides and lithium ions. As a result, under the test condition of 2 mA cm−2–2 mAh cm−2, the overpotential of the Li/Li symmetric battery is only 18 mV after 2500 h. The capacity retention rate of the lithium–sulfur battery is 95.6% after 500 cycles and 80% after 1000 cycles at 2 C.","PeriodicalId":100685,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"306-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/idm2.12143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0