IF 3.4 2区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241231727

Efisio Manunta, Maja Becker, Vivian L Vignoles, Paul Bertin, Eleonora Crapolicchio, Camila Contreras, Alin Gavreliuc, Roberto González, Claudia Manzi, Thomas Salanova, Matthew J Easterbrook

{"title":"Populism, Economic Distress, Cultural Backlash, and Identity Threat: Integrating Patterns and Testing Cross-National Validity.","authors":"Efisio Manunta, Maja Becker, Vivian L Vignoles, Paul Bertin, Eleonora Crapolicchio, Camila Contreras, Alin Gavreliuc, Roberto González, Claudia Manzi, Thomas Salanova, Matthew J Easterbrook","doi":"10.1177/01461672241231727","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241231727","url":null,"abstract":"Populism is on the rise across liberal democracies. The sociopsychological underpinnings of this increasing endorsement of populist ideology should be uncovered. In an online cross-sectional survey study among adult samples from five countries (Chile, France, Italy, Romania, and the United Kingdom; N = 9,105), we aimed to replicate an economic distress pattern in which relative deprivation and identity threat are associated with populism. We further tested a cultural backlash pattern-including perceived anomie, collective narcissism, and identity threat as predictors of populism. Multigroup structural equation models supported both economic distress and cultural backlash paths as predictors of populist thin ideology endorsement. In both paths, identity threat to belonging played a significant role as partial mediator. Furthermore, an integrative model showed that the two patterns were not mutually exclusive. These findings emphasize the implication of identity threat to belonging as an explanatory mediator and demonstrate the cross-national generalizability of these patterns.","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1760-1775"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anchors and ratios to quantify and explain y-axis distortion effects in graphs. 锚点和比率量化和解释图形中的y轴扭曲效应。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001454

Shuo Zang, Denis Cousineau

{"title":"Anchors and ratios to quantify and explain y-axis distortion effects in graphs.","authors":"Shuo Zang, Denis Cousineau","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001454","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001454","url":null,"abstract":"Data visualizations are common in publications addressed to scientists and the general public. A common graph distortion effect can be obtained by changing the y-axis range. On bar graphs with lower truncated scales (the y-axis starting point is above the data origin), observers tend to perceive larger differences between the values depicted. Herein, we define anchors, information that can be perceived from a graph, to explain ratings of differences in bar graphs. Study 1 examined whether the upper y-axis truncation effect exists or not. We confirmed its existence even though the effect size is smaller compared to lower y-axis truncation effect. Study 2 examined lower and upper y-axis truncations and expansions. We found that, compared to graphs without distortions, observers perceive larger differences between values when there is truncation and smaller differences when there is expansion at either end of the y-axis. Study 3 examined whether the effects of lower and upper y-axis distortions are also present on reversed bar graphs. We found that the black bars biased observers more when they are truncated, as it reduces their area. Finally, Study 4 examined the impact of y-axis distortions on bar graphs, dot graphs, and line graphs. We found that a plot not showing bars results in less biased judgments in the presence of truncation and similar biases for lower and upper truncation. We discuss the results of other relevant research using these anchors and argue that characterizing graphs using the anchors proposed herein can be generalized to other data visualizations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1430-1452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Memorability effects emerge in incidental visual working memory. 记忆效应出现在附带视觉工作记忆中。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001447

Joyce Tam, Taryn Green, Ryan E O'Donnell, Brad Wyble

{"title":"Memorability effects emerge in incidental visual working memory.","authors":"Joyce Tam, Taryn Green, Ryan E O'Donnell, Brad Wyble","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001447","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001447","url":null,"abstract":"Memorability denotes a stimulus-intrinsic property that results in stimuli being more likely to be remembered or forgotten. The effect is generally consistent across observers and can be measured in various stimuli such as faces and scene images. Long-term memory paradigms have been used to measure memorability with studies demonstrating long-term memorability effects via incidental and intentional encoding mechanisms. The present study examines whether memorability modulates the ability to unexpectedly report an image at short intervals. Three sets of experiments (using faces and scenes) with replications used an attribute amnesia paradigm to measure the effect of memorability on incidental visual working memory processes while controlling attentional priorities. When participants had to identify the target image in the immediate trial unexpectedly, we observed that memorable targets yielded a higher accuracy compared to forgettable targets, showing that people incidentally remember more information about memorable stimuli even across very short intervals. This memorability benefit was observed for both stimulus types but was greater for faces compared to scenes. Moreover, follow-up experiments suggested this memorability effect was not due to enhanced attentional capture by the high-memorability item or differences in target-foil contrast. Thus, memorability modulates incidental memory even without the need to retrieve from long-term memory. These results expand our understanding of the mechanisms behind memorability effects and how attentional filters impact memory traces. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1376-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High in numeracy, high in reflection, but still irrationally biased: How gist explains risky choices. 计算能力强，反思能力强，但仍有非理性偏见：主旨如何解释风险选择。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001441

Valerie F Reyna, Jordan E Roue, Sarah M Edelson, Aadya Singh, M G Fennema

{"title":"High in numeracy, high in reflection, but still irrationally biased: How gist explains risky choices.","authors":"Valerie F Reyna, Jordan E Roue, Sarah M Edelson, Aadya Singh, M G Fennema","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001441","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001441","url":null,"abstract":"Framing effects (risk preferences reverse for gains vs. losses) and the Allais paradox (risk preferences reverse when an option is certain vs. not) are major violations of rational choice theory. In contrast to typical samples, certified public accountants who are competent in working with probabilities and expected values should be an ideal test case for rational choice, especially high scorers on the cognitive reflection test (CRT). Although dual-process theories emphasize numeracy and cognitive reflection, fuzzy-trace theory emphasizes gist-based intuition to explain these effects among cognitively advanced decision-makers. Thus, we recruited a high-numeracy sample of certified public accountants (N = 259) and students (N = 648). We administered classic dread-disease framing, business framing, and Allais paradox problems and the CRT. Each participant received a gain and loss framing problem from different domains (one disease and one business), with presentation order counterbalanced across participants. Order of Allais problems was counterbalanced within participants. Within-participants (cross-domain) framing, between-participants (within-domain) framing, and the Allais paradox were observed for both samples. Accountants did not show domain-specific attenuation (differentially smaller framing) for business problems. Despite large expected-value differences between Allais problem options, accountants' choices resembled students' choices. Contrary to dual-process theories, CRT scores were positively related to framing for students (more framing with higher CRT) and inconsistently related for accountants, but high scorers had robust framing effects; high scorers also showed the Allais paradox. Results are consistent with fuzzy-trace theory's expectation that experts show framing effects because they rely primarily on gist-based intuition, not because they lack numeracy or cognitive reflection. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1453-1470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric Evaluation of Cognitive and Positive Valence Tasks Chosen for the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Project. 为 NIMH 研究领域标准项目选择的认知和积极价值任务的心理计量学评估。

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Assessment Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241280770

John R Duffy, Emily T Sturm, Anastasia G Sares, Lauren Sarabia, Eve M Delao, Katherine M Becker, Andrea M Colmenares, Raana M Manavi, Donald C Rojas, Jason R Tregellas, Jared W Young, Michael L Thomas

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of Cognitive and Positive Valence Tasks Chosen for the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Project.","authors":"John R Duffy, Emily T Sturm, Anastasia G Sares, Lauren Sarabia, Eve M Delao, Katherine M Becker, Andrea M Colmenares, Raana M Manavi, Donald C Rojas, Jason R Tregellas, Jared W Young, Michael L Thomas","doi":"10.1177/10731911241280770","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241280770","url":null,"abstract":"The NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative seeks to utilize multidimensional patterns of socio-cognitive behavior to improve understanding of mental illness. We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a subset of RDoC tasks. Specifically, we investigated two positive valence tasks and five cognitive tasks. Participants (N = 320) were recruited through an online research platform. We used generalizability theory to estimate reliability, and factor analysis to examine factor structure. Reliability was average to excellent with some notable exceptions. Factor analysis results raised concerns about whether the factor structure of task scores aligns with the proposed RDoC model. Effects of cognitive manipulations generally supported the construct representation of tasks. Results indicate that the majority of RDoC task scores examined have acceptable reliability or can be made reliable through modest increases in task length. Future research in diverse populations is needed to better understand the factor structure of RDoC cognitive and positive valence measures.","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"819-838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secrecy in Everyday Life. 日常生活中的保密

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241226560

Valentina Bianchi, Katharine H Greenaway, Ella K Moeck, Michael L Slepian, Elise K Kalokerinos

引用次数: 0

Preliminary effectiveness of the Bergen 4-day treatment for OCD in Iceland. 卑尔根 4 天疗法在冰岛治疗强迫症的初步效果。

IF 4.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2025.2453722

Sóley Dröfn Davidsdottir, Ólafía Sigurjonsdottir, Sigurbjörg Jóna Ludvigsdottir, Gerd Kvale, Bjarne Hansen, Kristen Hagen, Ásmundur Gunnarsson, Kristján Helgi Hjartarson, Gudmundur Skarphedinsson, Lars-Göran Öst

{"title":"Preliminary effectiveness of the Bergen 4-day treatment for OCD in Iceland.","authors":"Sóley Dröfn Davidsdottir, Ólafía Sigurjonsdottir, Sigurbjörg Jóna Ludvigsdottir, Gerd Kvale, Bjarne Hansen, Kristen Hagen, Ásmundur Gunnarsson, Kristján Helgi Hjartarson, Gudmundur Skarphedinsson, Lars-Göran Öst","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2453722","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2453722","url":null,"abstract":"The Bergen 4-day treatment (B4DT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a concentrated form of exposure and response prevention that has been evaluated and implemented nationwide in Norway. Its effectiveness has yet to be fully established in other countries. A total of 86 patients with OCD underwent the treatment at the Icelandic Anxiety Centre (KMS) from 2018 to 2023. Of these, 61.6% were classified as having severe symptoms, and 38.4% with moderate symptoms. Of the sample, 72.1% had previously received psychological treatment for OCD and 86.0% had at least one comorbid disorder, depression being the most common (50.0%). Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was administered pre-treatment, posttreatment, and at 3-month follow-up, along with measures on general anxiety, depression, and occupational impairment. The mean score on Y-BOCS was 30.5 (SD = 3.6) pre-treatment, 10.6 (SD = 4.1) posttreatment and 10.9 (SD = 5.4) at 3-month follow-up. By the end of treatment, 94.9% of the patients had responded and 68.0% were in remission. At the 3-month follow-up, 92.5% were responders and 67.9% remitters. Participants were satisfied with the treatment and had improved in terms of occupational functioning, which was maintained at follow-up. These preliminary results suggest that the B4DT may be a swift and effective treatment format for OCD.","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"626-643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nostalgia and Health: A Longitudinal Network Analysis of Different Nostalgic Experiences. 怀旧与健康：不同怀旧经历的纵向网络分析》。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231226373

Kuan-Ju Huang, Raphael Uricher

引用次数: 0

When What Is Beautiful Is Not Good: The Role of Trait Self-Control in Resisting Eye Candy. 当 "美中不足 "时特质自控力在抵制眼球效应中的作用。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235386

Michelle R vanDellen, William M Schiavone, Julian W C Wright, Jerica X Bornstein

{"title":"When What Is Beautiful Is Not Good: The Role of Trait Self-Control in Resisting Eye Candy.","authors":"Michelle R vanDellen, William M Schiavone, Julian W C Wright, Jerica X Bornstein","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235386","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241235386","url":null,"abstract":"People are drawn to and like others who are physically attractive. In the present research, we investigated the influence of trait self-control on individuals' interest in relationships with physically attractive others. We hypothesized that high (vs. low) self-control individuals would approach relationships by considering information beyond appearance about potential partners, including partners' self-control. We additionally explored the influence of other traits (e.g., Big 5, self-esteem, and attachment styles) on relationship interest. Across studies, we consistently found that individuals with higher self-control avoided pursuing relationships with attractive individuals who display low self-control. In Study 3, we observed a similar pattern for three other traits: conscientiousness, extraversion, and positivity embracement. These results suggest perceivers' self-control shapes relationship interest, particularly when attractive individuals possess less desirable qualities. The findings extend past research that attractiveness increases interest in others and highlights the potential for trait self-control to direct relationship interest during initial interactions.","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1776-1792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Warm and fuzzy: Perceptual semantics can be activated even during shallow lexical processing. 温暖和模糊：即使在浅词汇加工过程中，感知语义也可以被激活。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001429

Olesia Platonova, Alex Miklashevsky

{"title":"Warm and fuzzy: Perceptual semantics can be activated even during shallow lexical processing.","authors":"Olesia Platonova, Alex Miklashevsky","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001429","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001429","url":null,"abstract":"According to the embodied cognition view, activation of perceptual semantics (such as visual information for the words \"white\" or \"red\" or tactile information for the words \"warm\" or \"fuzzy\") should occur even in a relatively shallow lexical decision task. While some studies found this activation, other studies did not. We argue that minimizing the time gap between the stimuli is crucial for detecting the activation of perceptual semantics in this task. Furthermore, we suggest that modalities should be analyzed separately due to their possible qualitative differences. We designed two experiments addressing these points in Russian (Experiment 1) and German (Experiment 2) languages. We selected visual, tactile, and auditory adjectives (e.g., \"white,\" \"warm,\" and \"loud,\" respectively) and assessed lexical decision times for two stimuli at once (e.g., \"white + fuzzy\"), thus eliminating the time gap between the two stimuli. Our analysis accounted for word length, frequency, and shallow lexical associations between presented words. Overall, the results of both experiments demonstrated that perceptual semantics is indeed activated even during shallow lexical processing, such as in the lexical decision task. Importantly, in line with our predictions, the effect of perceptual semantics was not identical across all modalities. More specifically, there was a consistent advantage for processing visual semantics and a consistent disadvantage for processing haptic semantics. Thus, the exact combination of semantic modalities modulates the activation of modality information. Our results strongly support the embodied view of language semantics. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1471-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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