心理学最新文献

{"title":"An abbreviated Chinese dyslexia screening behavior checklist for primary school students using a machine learning approach.","authors":"Yimin Fan, Yixun Li, Mingyue Luo, Jirong Bai, Mengwen Jiang, Yi Xu, Hong Li","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02461-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02461-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To increase early identification and intervention of dyslexia, a prescreening instrument is critical to identifying children at risk. The present work sought to shorten and validate the 30-item Mandarin Dyslexia Screening Behavior Checklist for Primary School Students (the full checklist; Fan et al., , 19, 521-527, 2021). Our participants were 15,522 Mandarin-Chinese-speaking students and their parents, sampled from classrooms in grades 2-6 across regions in mainland China. A machine learning approach (lasso regression) was applied to shorten the full checklist (Fan et al., , 19, 521-527, 2021), constructing grade-specific brief checklists first, followed by a compilation of the common brief checklist based on the similarity across grade-specific checklists. All checklists (the full, grade-specific brief, and common brief versions) were validated and compared with data in our sample and an external sample (N = 114; Fan et al., , 19, 521-527, 2021). The results indicated that the six-item common brief checklist showed consistently high reliability (αs > .82) and reasonable classification performance (about 60% prediction accuracy and 70% sensitivity), comparable to that of the full checklist and all grade-specific brief checklists across our current sample and the external sample from Fan et al., , 19, 521-527, (2021). Our analysis showed that 2.42 (out of 5) was the cutoff score that helped classify children's reading status (children who scored higher than 2.42 might be considered at risk for dyslexia). Our final product is a valid, accessible, common brief checklist for prescreening primary school children at risk for Chinese dyslexia, which can be used across grades and regions in mainland China.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between the use of Touch Screen Devices and interference suppression in children aged 5-11.","authors":"Susan Buhrs, Thérèse van Amelsvoort, Jacqueline Strik, Suzanne Roggeveen, Richel Lousberg","doi":"10.1080/21622965.2023.2208700","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21622965.2023.2208700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the relation between the use of Touch Screen Devices (TSDs), such as smartphones and tablets, and interference suppression as assessed by the Bivalent Shape Task (BST) in 5-11-year-old children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight children from a Dutch primary school were included. Interference suppression was measured in the incongruent level of the BST. TSD use was measured by a standardized interview. The dataset was analyzed using multilevel analysis because of its nested structure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with moderate to high TSD use showed a longer reaction time (RT) as age progresses in the incongruent level (<i>T</i> = 2.40, <i>p</i> = .017), compared to children with no to low TSD use. Furthermore, an interaction between TSD use, age, gender, and the incongruent level demonstrated an increased RT in boys with moderate to high TSD use compared to boys with no to low TSD use as age increases (<i>T</i> = -2.23, <i>p</i> = .026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The RT in response of interfering stimuli seems to be negatively influenced by TSD use as age progresses in children aged 5-11. Moreover, a gender-specific effect could be observed. Given the potential impact of these findings, more research would be helpful to further explore causal mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8047,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology: Child","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9410860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on estrous cycle, and behavior and expression of estrogen receptor alpha and oxytocin during estrus and diestrus in mice offspring.","authors":"Yanghui Zheng, Guangchao Cheng, Xikai Lin, Jianli Wang","doi":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000791","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing evidence indicates that prenatal cocaine exposure may result in many developmental and long-lasting neurological and behavioral effects. The behaviors of female animals are strongly associated with the estrous cycle. Estrogen receptors and oxytocin are important neuroendocrine factors that regulate social behavior and are of special relevance to females. However, whether prenatal cocaine exposure induces estrous cycle changes in offspring and whether neurobehavioral changes in estrus and diestrus offspring differ remains unclear. On gestational day 12, mice were administered cocaine once daily for seven consecutive days, then the estrous cycle was examined in adult female offspring, as well as locomotion, anxiety level, and social behaviors, and the expression of estrogen receptor alpha-immunoreactive and oxytocin-immunoreactive neurons were compared between estrus and diestrus offspring. Prenatal cocaine exposure resulted in the shortening of proestrus and estrus in the offspring. During estrus and diestrus, prenatally cocaine-exposed offspring showed increased anxiety levels and changed partial social behaviors; their motility showed no significant differences in estrus, but declined in diestrus. Prenatal cocaine exposure reduced estrogen receptor alpha-immunoreactive expression in the medial preoptic area, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, and arcuate nucleus and oxytocin-immunoreactive expression in the paraventricular nucleus in estrus and diestrus offspring. These results suggest that prenatal cocaine exposure induces changes in the offspring's estrous cycle and expression of estrogen receptor alpha and oxytocin in a brain region-specific manner and that prenatal cocaine exposure and the estrous cycle interactively change motility and partial social behavior. Estrogen receptor alpha and oxytocin signaling are likely to play important concerted roles in mediating the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":8832,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shifting role of fluid reasoning in reading among children evaluated for ADHD.","authors":"Sarah Droder, Quintino Mano, Julia Guerin, Stephen Becker, Jeffery Epstein, Leanne Tamm","doi":"10.1080/21622965.2023.2178922","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21622965.2023.2178922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with attentional difficulties are more likely than their peers to experience challenges in basic reading skills, including phonemic decoding and word recognition. Such challenges may require reliance on higher-order cognitive functions such as fluid reasoning (G<i>f</i>) to attain reading proficiency. The present study sought to clarify the role of G<i>f</i> in phonemic decoding and word recognition among children-in grades 1-7 (<i>n</i> = 156)-being evaluated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Effects of G<i>f</i> were examined in relation to crystallized knowledge (G<i>c</i>). Results indicated that G<i>f</i> exerted a direct effect onto phonemic decoding in early grades (grades 1-2) but not in later grades (grades 3-7). G<i>f</i> also exerted an indirect effect onto phonemic decoding-through G<i>c</i>-in later grades (grades 3-7) but not in early grades (grades 1-2). Finally, G<i>f</i> exerted an indirect effect onto word recognition through phonemic decoding in grades 1-4 but not in grades 5-7. Altogether, findings show that G<i>f</i> plays a direct role in younger children's phonemic decoding and an indirect role in word recognition (through G<i>c</i>) in later grades, suggesting a shift in G<i>f</i>'s role across grade levels. Although findings need replication in longitudinal research, current results have implications for both typical and atypical reading development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8047,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology: Child","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10806510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement invariance of the Suicide Cognitions Scale-Revised (SCS-R).","authors":"Nicolas Oakey-Frost, Jessica Gerner, Emma H Moscardini, Thomas M Olino, AnnaBelle O Bryan, Craig J Bryan, Raymond P Tucker","doi":"10.1037/pas0001331","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pas0001331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Suicide Cognitions Scale-Revised (SCS-R) is a unidimensional measure of suicidal cognitions theorized to assess the suicide belief system. Several solutions have been proposed for the Suicide Cognitions Scale and SCS-R (e.g., bifactor model with two specific factors, bifactor model with two specific factors, three correlated factors model). Research indicates the endorsement of thoughts of suicide and suicide-related cognitions varies across demographics. Thus, the current investigation tested the measurement invariance (MI) of the SCS-R across gender, race, and sexual orientation within these proposed solutions and a unidimensional model. A national sample of <i>N</i> = 10,625 adults completed an online survey that included the SCS-R and self-report measures of demographics. Results indicated that the bifactor model with three specific factors, the bifactor model with two specific factors, and the three correlated factors models achieved scalar invariance across gender, race, and sexual orientation; a unidimensional model was not scalar invariant by gender. Tests of latent mean differences revealed significant differences in the general factor (i.e., suicidal belief system) and the specific unlovability, unbearability, and unsolvability factors between a few demographic groups. Implications for theory, measurement, and modeling are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20770,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141634304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance and response consistency in a lengthy intensive longitudinal data protocol.","authors":"Alexander W Sokolovsky, Rachel L Gunn, Andrea M Wycoff, Holly K Boyle, Helene R White, Kristina M Jackson","doi":"10.1037/pas0001332","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pas0001332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on real-world patterns of substance use increasingly involves intensive longitudinal data (ILD) collection, requiring long assessment windows. The present study extends limited prior research examining event- and person-level influences on compliance and response consistency by investigating how these behaviors are sustained over time in an ILD study of alcohol and cannabis co-use in college students. Participants (<i>n</i> = 316) completed two 28-day bursts of ILD comprising five daily surveys, which included a morning survey of prior-day drinking. We used linear mixed effects models in a multilevel interrupted time series framework to evaluate the associations of time and measurement burst with (a) noncompliance (count of missed surveys) and (b) response consistency (difference between same-day report of drinking and morning report of prior-day drinking). We observed that time was positively associated with noncompliance, with no discontinuity associated with measurement burst. The slope of time was more positive in the second burst. Neither time nor measurement burst were significantly associated with consistent reporting. However, survey nonresponse and consistency of responding appeared to be impacted by the same-day use of substances. Overall, compliance decreased while consistency was stable across the duration of a lengthy ILD protocol. Shorter assessment windows or adaptive prompting strategies may improve overall study compliance. Further work examining daily burden and context is needed to inform future ILD design. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20770,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences, cognitive functioning, depression, and anxiety in adulthood.","authors":"Hanaan Bing-Canar, Jane K Stocks, Humza Khan, Andrew A Rauch, Maximillian A Obolsky, Franchezka Lapitan-Moore, Matthew S Phillips, Jason R Soble, Neil H Pliskin, Woojin Song, Zachary J Resch","doi":"10.1037/tra0001637","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict cognitive dysfunction, possibly through direct (e.g., brain structure/function changes) and indirect (e.g., increased psychopathology risk) pathways. However, extant studies have focused on young and older adults, with limited understanding of how ACEs affect cognitive health in midadulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared psychiatric and cognitive differences between adults at high- and low-risk of adverse health outcomes based on the ACE risk classification scheme.</p><p><strong>Participants and setting: </strong>Adult patients (<i>N</i> = 211; 46.9% female; <i>M</i>_age = 44.1, SD = 17.1; <i>M</i>_education = 13.8, <i>SD</i> = 3.0) consecutively referred for outpatient neuropsychological evaluation within a large, Midwestern academic medical center.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients were divided into high and low ACE groups based on the number of ACEs endorsed. Subsequently, a series of one-way analyses of variances were conducted to compare high versus low ACE groups on the Test of Premorbid Functioning, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test-Parts A and B, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Beck Anxiety Inventory scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant group differences were detected for anxiety and depression with the high ACE group endorsing significantly greater depression and anxiety symptoms relative to the low ACE group. High and low ACE groups did not significantly differ on any cognitive measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that an individual's psychological health, but not cognitive functioning, is impacted by the level of ACE exposure. Study findings highlight the importance of including ACE measures in neuropsychological evaluations, as it will aid in case conceptualization and tailoring treatment recommendations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Safe Patient Handling Equipment and Techniques: A Review of Biomechanical Studies.","authors":"Mike Fray, Kermit G Davis","doi":"10.1177/00187208231211842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231211842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to evaluate all studies that have evaluated the biomechanical effects when using assistive devices.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The physical demands of patient handling activities are well known. One safety strategy for the reduction of the physical risks is use of assistive devices.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The search process identified articles published in English-speaking journals through Google Scholar, Medline, and ISI Web of Science. The included 56 studies contained a biomechanical assessment of a patient handling activity with assistive devices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The biomechanical effects included four groups: changes in body posture (spinal, other joints), subjective assessment (force, effort, discomfort), measured force (hand force, ground reaction force, spine force, joint torque), and physiological measures. The evidence showed caregivers benefited from using lift hoists, air-assisted devices, and to a lesser extent friction reducing devices for lateral transfers and repositioning, while floor and ceiling lifts were most effective for patient transfers. Some gaps were noted in the evidence and other handling tasks such as sit-to-stand, turning patient in bed, limb lifting, and repositioning and some more high hazard activities like supporting people with limited balance and those that fall need to be investigated with respect to biomechanical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a growing level of biomechanical evidence to support the use of assistive devices for many patient-handling tasks, but the benefits of equipment use in some transfers remain uninvestigated.</p><p><strong>Practical application: </strong>Evidence indicates the best way to lift patients safely is with floor or ceiling lifts, and air-assisted devices for lateral and repositioning tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Social Bot Detection Through Aid and Training.","authors":"Ryan Kenny, Baruch Fischhoff, Alex Davis, Casey Canfield","doi":"10.1177/00187208231210145","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231210145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We test the effects of three aids on individuals' ability to detect social bots among Twitter personas: a bot indicator score, a training video, and a warning.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Detecting social bots can prevent online deception. We use a simulated social media task to evaluate three aids.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Lay participants judged whether each of 60 Twitter personas was a human or social bot in a simulated online environment, using agreement between three machine learning algorithms to estimate the probability of each persona being a bot. Experiment 1 compared a control group and two intervention groups, one provided a bot indicator score for each tweet; the other provided a warning about social bots. Experiment 2 compared a control group and two intervention groups, one receiving the bot indicator scores and the other a training video, focused on heuristics for identifying social bots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bot indicator score intervention improved predictive performance and reduced overconfidence in both experiments. The training video was also effective, although somewhat less so. The warning had no effect. Participants rarely reported willingness to share content for a persona that they labeled as a bot, even when they agreed with it.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Informative interventions improved social bot detection; warning alone did not.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>We offer an experimental testbed and methodology that can be used to evaluate and refine interventions designed to reduce vulnerability to social bots. We show the value of two interventions that could be applied in many settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive, Psychophysiological, and Perceptual Responses to a Repeated Military-Specific Load Carriage Treadmill Simulation.","authors":"Christopher A J Vine, Oliver R Runswick, Sam D Blacker, Sarah L Coakley, Andrew G Siddall, Stephen D Myers","doi":"10.1177/00187208231214216","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231214216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dismounted military operations require soldiers to complete cognitive tasks whilst undertaking demanding and repeated physical taskings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the effects of repeated fast load carriage bouts on cognitive performance, perceptual responses, and psychophysiological markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve civilian males (age, 28 ± 8 y; stature, 186 ± 6 cm; body mass 84.3 ± 11.1 kg; V̇O_2max, 51.5 ± 6.4 mL·kg^-1·min^-1) completed three ∼65-min bouts of a Fast Load Carriage Protocol (FLCP), each interspersed with a 65-min recovery period, carrying a representative combat load of 25 kg. During each FLCP, cognitive function was assessed using a Shoot/Don't-Shoot Task (SDST) and a Military-Specific Auditory N-Back Task (MSANT), along with subjective ratings. Additional psychophysiological markers (heart rate variability, salivary cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate concentrations) were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A main effect of bout on MSANT combined score metric (<i>p</i> < .001, Kendall's W = 69.084) and for time on the accuracy-speed trade-off parameter of the SDST (<i>p</i> = .025, Ѡ² = .024) was evident. These likely changes in cognitive performance were coupled with subjective data indicating that participants perceived that they increased their mental effort to maintain cognitive performance (bout: <i>p</i> < .001, Ѡ² = .045; time: <i>p</i> < .001, Ѡ² = .232). Changes in HRV and salivary markers were also evident, likely tracking increased stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the increase in physiological and psychological stress, cognitive performance was largely maintained; purportedly a result of increased mental effort.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>Given the likely increase in dual-task interference in the field environment compared with the laboratory, military commanders should seek approaches to manage cognitive load where possible, to maintain soldier performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138453221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}