{"title":"The sustained attention to response task: Validation of a non-numerical parallel form.","authors":"Armien Lanssens, Nora Tuts, Lies Welkenhuyzen, Hella Thielen, Celine R Gillebert","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2213792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2213792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many activities in daily life rely on the ability to continuously keep attention on task requirements. Patients with acquired brain injury often suffer from deficits in sustained attention that impact quality of life and complicate rehabilitation. The sustained attention to response task (SART) is a commonly used go/no-go task in the assessment of sustained attention. However, its feasibility for patients with acquired brain injury could be questioned considering deficits in alphanumerical processing following brain damage. We investigated whether a SART with sinusoidal gratings instead of digits can be used to assess sustained attention. The Gratings SART and Digits SART were administered in a random and fixed sequence to 48 cognitively healthy participants. Performance of the neurotypical individuals on the random and fixed Gratings SART was only moderately different from and correlated with performance on the random and fixed Digits SART. As a proof of concept, the SARTs were also administered to 11 cases with acquired brain injury. Performance in the random and fixed variants of both the Gratings SART and Digits SART was sensitive to cognitive impairments of cases with acquired brain injury. In conclusion, the SART with sinusoidal gratings holds promise as a tool to (re-)assess sustained attention in clinical practice. Further research is critical to investigate whether its performance accurately predicts sustained attention in daily life since we failed to find a significant correlation between performance on any of the SARTs and a self-reported measure of sustained attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"782-798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9490656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Normative data for the verb fluency test in the adult French-Quebec population and validation study in mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Joël Macoir, Carol Hudon","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2201448","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2201448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Verbal fluency tests are used to assess executive functions and language. The verb fluency test has proven successful in distinguishing healthy individuals (HCs) from participants with pathological conditions. However, few normative and psychometric studies have been published for the verb fluency test. The aim of Study 1 was to provide normative data in the adult population of French Québec for the verb fluency test. The aim of Study 2 was to determine its discriminant validity and test-retest reliability. The normative sample consisted of 424 HCs aged 50-92 years. Multiple linear regressions were used to generate equations for calculating Z-scores. To assess discriminant validity, the performance of 46 HCs was compared with that of 46 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To determine test-retest reliability, the test was administered twice, 3 months apart, to a group of 25 HCs. Age, sex, and education level were significantly related to performance on the test. The test distinguished the performance of HCs from that of participants with MCI. Test-retest analysis showed that scores had good stability over time. Norms and psychometric data for the verb fluency test will help clinicians and researchers better identify executive and language impairments associated with pathological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"646-652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catarina Lopes, Claúdia Sousa, Ana Fraga, Joana Guimarães, Selene Vicente, Maria José Sá
{"title":"Cognitive impairment in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A retrospective study using the Brief International cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS).","authors":"Catarina Lopes, Claúdia Sousa, Ana Fraga, Joana Guimarães, Selene Vicente, Maria José Sá","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2210242","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2210242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The study aimed to characterize the neuropsychological profile of NMOSD by comparing them with multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-four participants were included:19 NMOSD, 27 MS, and 18 healthy controls. The neuropsychological protocol included the Portuguese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), Verbal Fluency (phonemic and semantic), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale for clinical groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NMOSD patients had significant lower cognitive performance when compared to HC mainly in information processing speed, concentration, language processing, and in executive functions (cognitive flexibility, sustained, and divided attention). No significant differences were observed between NMOSD and MS patients. Three predictors for cognitive impairment, according to BICAMS criteria, were found: depression, disease duration, and the level of disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The neuropsychological profile found in the present study for NMOSD is consistent with the previous findings. Information regarding the predictors of cognitive impairment in both diseases and their different associations are important for future research and for guiding interventions more suitable for the neuropsychological needs of affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"761-767"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9833388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evelyn Schapansky, Arne Roets, Elien De Caluwé, Christophe Vandeviver
{"title":"Development of a Measure of Anti-Rape Attitudes as a Potential Protective Factor Against Rape Perpetration.","authors":"Evelyn Schapansky, Arne Roets, Elien De Caluwé, Christophe Vandeviver","doi":"10.1177/08862605241270031","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08862605241270031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of attitudes toward women and sexual violence in predicting men's perpetration of rape has been well documented in the literature. While research on rape perpetration has primarily focused on identifying risk factors, the limited understanding of protective factors has hindered the development of psychometric measures to assess attitudinal protective factors. However, comprehending these protective factors is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the risk of rape perpetration and the advancement of strength-based approaches. This research describes the development of a new scale designed to measure anti-rape attitudes (ARA) in young heterosexual men. To generate the initial item pool, relevant information was gathered from sexual violence support service websites and academic literature. This item pool underwent an external expert review for further item generation and cognitive interviews for content validation. This qualitative phase was followed by four quantitative studies for item reduction and scale validation. The resulting 19-item scale demonstrates good internal consistency (Cronbach's α <i>=</i> .84). The ARA scale exhibits strong negative correlations with rape myth acceptance (RMA) and hostile sexism, and strong positive correlations with positive consent attitudes (PCA), supporting the scale's construct validity. We further conducted hierarchical regression analyses to test the unique relationship of ARA with those constructs while controlling for RMA. These showed that ARA have significant, unique associations with PCA and ambivalent sexism. The development of this new scale enables a more comprehensive assessment of the risk of rape perpetration and opens up new avenues for research on protective factors against rape. Ultimately, this study constitutes an important step toward fostering strength-based approaches to combat sexual violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16289,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","volume":" ","pages":"2115-2140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Funny Date, Creative Mate? Unpacking the Effect of Humor on Romantic Attraction.","authors":"Erika B Langley, Michelle N Shiota","doi":"10.1177/01461672231202288","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231202288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive research shows that people are attracted to funny dating partners, with several competing, sometimes conflicting, explanations for why humor is strongly desired in a mate. The present research asks whether humor is interpreted as a reliable, hard-to-fake indicator of some other, valuable trait. Across six experiments, we manipulated humor in a hypothetical date, online dating profile, or video profile and asked which of several traits statistically linked to humor are reliably inferred about funny partners. Humor-specifically partners <i>producing</i> humor-consistently led to higher ratings of partner creative ingenuity. This effect was not moderated by gender, and mediated desirability for different types of partnership. Results further revealed stronger preference for a first-date activity requiring creative ingenuity with a funny versus non-funny partner. Humor may signal that a potential partner is skilled at creative problem-solving, which may be particularly important when considering various forms of partnership.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"759-774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Martzoukou, Anastasia Nousia, Grigorios Nasios
{"title":"Undetected language deficits in left or right hemisphere post-stroke patients.","authors":"Maria Martzoukou, Anastasia Nousia, Grigorios Nasios","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2195111","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2195111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have reported that widely used tests for aphasia identification are unable to detect the subtle language deficits of left hemisphere brain damaged (LHBD) individuals. Similarly, the language disorders of individuals with right hemisphere brain damage (RHBD) usually remain undetected, due to the lack of any specialized test for the evaluation of their language processing skills. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the language deficits of 80 individuals suffering from the effects of either a LHBD or RHBD stroke, who were diagnosed as having no aphasia or language deficits based on the application of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. Their language abilities were examined with the use of the Adults' Language Abilities Test, which explores morpho-syntactic and semantic phenomena of the Greek language in both the comprehension and production modalities. Results revealed that both groups of stroke survivors performed significantly worse compared to the group of healthy participants. Thus, it appears that the latent aphasia of LHBD and the language deficits of RHBD patients are likely to remain undetected and that patients are at risk of not receiving appropriate treatment if their language abilities are not evaluated by an effective and efficient battery of language tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"606-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9220043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring relationships between executive functions and maladaptive cyclical patterns in a transdiagnostic sample.","authors":"Bruno Faustino, Isabel Barahona Fonseca","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions are described as a set of neurocognitive processes underlying human mental processing, while maladaptive cyclical patterns are the dysfunctional psychological elements associated with psychological distress and symptomatology that tend to be recurrent. Both psychological constructs tend to be studied by different scientific fields and with different methods which limits a coherent theoretical integration. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the relationships between executive functions and maladaptive cyclical patterns. A sample was gathered (<i>N</i> = 96, Mage = 20.78, SD = 4.63), and completed several self-report questionnaires along with several neuropsychological tests for the assessment of executive functions. Results showed that behavioral inhibition correlated negatively with maladaptive cyclical patterns while cognitive inflexibility correlated positively. Regression analysis showed that behavioral inhibition, psychological inflexibility, and recurring states of mind predicted emotional processing difficulties. These results emphasize previous assumptions that a difference between self-report questionnaires and behavioral tasks may limit the integrated study of psychological and neurocognitive processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"675-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9462885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela Beltrami, Caterina Barletta-Rodolfi, Flavio Bertini, Luca Braglia, Laura Calzà, Massimo Corbo, Federico Gasparini, Alessandro Marti, Danilo Montesi, Marta Pisano, Maria Luisa Rusconi, Matteo Sozzi, Cecilia Tonon, Enrico Ghidoni
{"title":"Normative data for COGITAB: An Italian tablet-based test battery conceived for the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Daniela Beltrami, Caterina Barletta-Rodolfi, Flavio Bertini, Luca Braglia, Laura Calzà, Massimo Corbo, Federico Gasparini, Alessandro Marti, Danilo Montesi, Marta Pisano, Maria Luisa Rusconi, Matteo Sozzi, Cecilia Tonon, Enrico Ghidoni","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219797","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of people with dementia is increasing worldwide. Two main approaches have been adopted to identify subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD): the neuropsychological evaluation and the identification of biomarkers of AD. The first method is less invasive and easier to perform. This study assesses the psychometric properties of COGITAB, a novel web application d esigned to be sensitive to the subtle cognitive changes distinctive of the early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and the preclinical phase of AD. We enrolled 518 healthy controls, classified according to several risk factors and the presence of a family history of dementia. The participants were given COGITAB after a neuropsychological screening. The COGITAB Total Score (TS) was significantly affected by age and years of education. Acquired risk factors and family history of dementia significantly impacted only the COGITAB total execution time (TET), not the TS. This study provides normative data for a newly developed web application. Control subjects with acquired risk factors performed slower, giving an important role to the TET recording. Further studies should examine the ability of this new technology to discriminate between healthy subjects and subjects with initial cognitive decline, even when not detected by standard neuropsychological assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"664-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9584147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lindsay A Kutash, MacKenzie A Sayer, Marielle R Samii, Emily P Rabinowitz, Alec Boros, Tammy Jensen, Philip Allen, Monica Garcia, Douglas L Delahanty
{"title":"Questionable utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in detecting cognitive impairment in individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD.","authors":"Lindsay A Kutash, MacKenzie A Sayer, Marielle R Samii, Emily P Rabinowitz, Alec Boros, Tammy Jensen, Philip Allen, Monica Garcia, Douglas L Delahanty","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219003","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently comorbid with substance use disorder (SUD) in individuals seeking treatment for substance use. Further, SUD and PTSD are individually associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and poor treatment outcomes. Despite the frequent use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for CI, the validity of the MoCA has not been established in individuals with comorbid SUD-PTSD. We assessed the criterion validity of the MoCA in 128 participants seeking inpatient medically-assisted detoxification using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) as a reference for CI. The correlation between the RBANS and MoCA was weaker in those with SUD-PTSD (<i>r</i> = .32) relative to SUD alone (<i>r</i> = .56). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that the MoCA had moderate-to-high ability to discriminate CI in individuals with SUD alone, with an area under the ROC curve of .82 (95% CI .69-.92) and optimal cutoff score of ≤23. However, in individuals with comorbid SUD-PTSD, the ROC analysis was not significant. Results suggest that PTSD, when comorbid with SUD, reduces the criterion-related validity of the MoCA. We recommend exercising caution when classifying CI in individuals with SUD-PTSD using the MoCA and suggest reducing the cutoff score to ≤23 in order to limit the rate of false-positive CI diagnoses in SUD-PTSD populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"857-868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Moderating Effect of Human Rights Education: Examining the Relationship Between Parental Abuse, Child Self-Esteem, and Human Rights Attitude.","authors":"Changmin Yoo","doi":"10.1177/08862605241270014","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08862605241270014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to investigate the mediating role of child self-esteem in the relationship between parental abuse and children's human rights attitude, while exploring the moderating effect of children's participation in human rights education on these associations. Using data from 2020 Children and Youth Human Rights Survey (<i>N</i> = 5,673 students, 50% female, mean age = 15.53), we conducted structural equation modeling to assess the conceptual model's validity. Parental abuse showed a negative relationship with human rights attitude. For children not participating in human rights education, self-esteem acted as a partial mediator, while for participating children, self-esteem served as a full mediator. Paradoxically, human rights education may be linked to lower self-esteem in certain groups of children. The magnitude of the negative association between parental abuse and self-esteem was stronger for those who participated in human rights education compared to those who did not. This implies that the psychological well-being maintained through dysfunctional protective systems may momentarily crumble when faced with contradictory information. These compelling findings furnish valuable perspectives on the significance of equipping children with knowledge and principles related to human rights, a crucial aspect in molding their outlooks, coping mechanisms, and fortitude when confronted with challenging situations. Based on these results, the importance of human rights education and the need for careful composition of human rights education content for abused children were discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16289,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","volume":" ","pages":"2331-2355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}