心理学最新文献

{"title":"A question of perspective: Target- vs. perceiver-specific dimensions of mind perception.","authors":"Nele J Bögemann, Lasana T Harris, Steffen Nestler","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mind perception - the inference of mind in others - is foundational for social cognition and interaction, but previous research on its underlying dimensions has so far only produced mixed findings. In a prominent study, H.M. Gray et al. (2007) identified two dimensions of mind perception - Agency and Experience -, while more recent work instead suggests three dimensions similar to Body, Heart, and Mind (Malle, 2019; Weisman et al., 2017). Here, we provide a comprehensive account that can accommodate both dimensional structures by distinguishing target- from perceiver-specific dimensions of mind perception. These dimensions explain target- and perceiver-specific differences in mind perception that were differentially focused on by previous studies ascribing to the competing dimensional structures. To test our account empirically and compare target- vs. perceiver-specific dimensions, we gathered online survey data from two samples (N = 157, and N = 150). In both samples, exploratory factor analyses yielded two target-specific dimensions in line with Agency-Experience, and three perceiver-specific dimensions in line with Body-Heart-Mind, thereby validating our explanatory account. Further analyses showed that perceiver-specific dimensions are meaningfully associated with perceivers' demographics, personality, and spiritual belief; and that they depend on target context. Together, our results resolve inconsistencies in mind perception research and work toward a novel unifying mind perception framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"265 ","pages":"106231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Moral Disengagement: An Examination of the Relationships Between Electronic Communication, Cognitive Empathy, and Antisocial Behavior on the Internet.","authors":"Madison Corkum, N Will Shead","doi":"10.1177/00332941231216415","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231216415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A consequence of the proliferation of online communication is the concerning presence of antisocial behavior observed in virtual spaces. Research suggests the cognitive component of empathy is hindered by features of electronic communication which facilitates antisocial behaviors online. Investigations into how features of online communication inhibit cognitive empathy are lacking, and findings on moral disengagement and antisocial behavior have yet to be integrated with studies on cognitive empathy and electronic communication. The current study explores these relationships. One hundred and three undergraduate students completed several measures including the Online Moral Disengagement Scale, Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, and Online Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Scale. Results showed a positive correlation between compulsive internet use and online moral disengagement, as well as a negative correlation between cognitive empathy and moral disengagement online. It was hypothesized that online moral disengagement would mediate the relation between cognitive empathy and antisocial behavior online but this mediation was not supported. However, a moderated relationship was revealed between cognitive empathy and moral justification, by liberalism. This moderation can be explored further and built upon by future research to deepen our understanding of how political ideology relates to virtual behavior. Furthermore, the findings concerning components of empathy and moral disengagement, and their role within the perpetration of antisocial conduct online, can inform future research as well as interventions focused on fostering prosocial behavior online and curbing cyberaggression.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"4169-4192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Silver Linings in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A 2-Wave Study in the UK.","authors":"Alison M Bacon, Jaysan Charlesford, Michael Hyland, Tilla Puskas, Poppy Hughes","doi":"10.1177/00332941231219788","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231219788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread anxiety, fear and depression, yet focussing only on these negative issues may obscure the opportunity to promote positivity and resilience. Traumatic events can often result in positive life changes (adversarial growth) though there is little evidence in the context of pandemics, and no previous studies in Covid-19 with the general public. The present research investigated whether adversarial growth was perceived in Covid-19 and whether this could account for variance in wellbeing, over and above effects of personality traits. Participants recruited from the UK public (<i>N</i> = 183) completed the Big Five Personality Inventory, the WHO-5 Wellbeing Scale and the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) measure of adversarial growth. Questionnaires were completed online, at two timepoints, nine months apart. At Time 1, wellbeing was negatively associated with trait Neuroticism and positively associated with Openness to experience. Both associations were positively mediated by SLQ score. At Time 2, SLQ score again mediated the effects of Openness on wellbeing, and also the influence of wellbeing at Time 1 on that at Time 2. Reported Silver Linings included strengthened personal relationships at Time 1, and improved ability to handle life events at Time 2. This suggests a shift from an appreciation of relationships to an awareness of personal development once life returned to some semblance of normality. Overall, results suggest that perceived adversarial growth supported wellbeing during the pandemic and highlight a focus for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"4120-4138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Withdrawal Notice.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00332941251374454","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941251374454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"4820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling of research domain criteria-based behaviors following single prolonged stress in male C57BL/6J mice.","authors":"Krysten P O'Hara, Savanna M King, Rachel D Penrod, Jennifer A Rinker, Patrick J Mulholland","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2025.2538466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2025.2538466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately one in 11 people throughout their lifetime yet current treatment options, such as behavioral therapies or pharmaceuticals, suffer from low medical adherence and often fail to fully address all the symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand maladaptive behaviors in PTSD to guide new treatments. Single-prolonged stress (SPS) is a rodent model of stress that parallels certain human neurophysiological and neurobehavioral changes occurring in PTSD. SPS is a single-day sequential stressor exposure-restraint stress, group forced swim, predator odor exposure, and isoflurane until loss of consciousness-followed by 7 days of stress incubation. Here, we investigated multiple cohorts of male C57BL/6J mice early after SPS and stress incubation (8-10 days) on behavioral tasks (elevated plus maze (EPM), three-chamber sociability, cost-benefit conflict (CBC), home cage behavior, scent avoidance and defensive burying tasks) that test multiple PTSD-related symptoms. Behavioral assessment included efforts to replicate published findings (i.e., EPM) and introducing newer tasks (i.e., CBC) that have not yet been tested in the SPS mouse model. While most of these tasks and standardized metrics failed to capture behavioral differences in SPS-treated male C57BL/6J mice, we did observe deficits in social novelty preference in the stressed mice. These studies add to a growing literature on inconsistencies in behavioral outcomes produced by the mouse SPS paradigm that could be potentially explained by mouse strain or procedural differences. Overall, this study demonstrated that behavior in male C57BL/6J mice were not affected after SPS apart from social novelty preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"28 1","pages":"2538466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in State Mindfulness are the Key to Success in Mindfulness Interventions: Ecological Momentary Assessments of Predictors, Mediators, and Outcomes in a Four-Week Koru Mindfulness Intervention.","authors":"Grazia Mirabito, Paul Verhaeghen","doi":"10.1177/00332941231216899","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231216899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is often assumed that changes in state mindfulness coupled with a decrease in intrusive thinking (e.g., rumination or worry) are the crucial ingredients in mindfulness interventions. We investigate this claim by examining within-person day-to-day changes and causal relationships among these changes in state measures of mindfulness, cognitive interference (a measure of intrusive thinking), depression, well-being, stress, sleep, physical activity, and quality of formal and informal mindfulness practice in a four-week randomized controlled mindfulness intervention with a sample of college students using the Koru mindfulness program; <i>n</i> = 55 for intervention, <i>n</i> = 57 for control; mean age = 21.4). The intervention was effective in improving day-to-day state mindfulness, cognitive interference, and sleep (the effects on all three were linear), but the effects on physical activity, depression, and well-being were not significant. Day-to-day mindfulness (the independent variable) was a predictor of change in daily cognitive interference (the mediating variable), which in turn predicted depression and well-being (dependent variables). The beneficial effects of state mindfulness were demonstrable over a lag of four days, suggesting it is indeed a key ingredient in the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions. Physical activity, sleep, and practice quality did not mediate any effects. One clear implication is that maintaining or restoring high levels of mindfulness, for instance by engaging in meditation or in more informal mindfulness exercises, would be of obvious and direct benefit to mental health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"4035-4061"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Intention to Vaccinate or Continue to Vaccinate Children Against SARS-CoV-2 During the Fifth Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the USA.","authors":"Christine L Lackner, Charles H Wang","doi":"10.1177/00332941231219644","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231219644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Centre for Disease Control recommends vaccination of children against SARS-CoV-2 to reduce the severity of COVID-19 disease and reduce the likelihood of associated complications. Vaccination of children requires the consent of parents or guardians, and levels of consent may ebb and flow over the course of the pandemic. This exploratory study examines predictors of parental intentions to vaccinate their children and the speed with which they would have them vaccinated during the fifth wave of the pandemic when vaccines were just being approved for use in children using a convenience sample of 641 parents reporting on 962 children. Multi-level regression analyses demonstrated regional differences in likelihood, with those in the Northeast reporting higher likelihood than those in the West. Parents with a conservative belief system were less likely to want to have their children vaccinated. Parents were more likely to have their child vaccinated if the child had COVID-19-related health risks, their child had a more complete vaccination history, and COVID-19 was perceived to be a greater threat to oneself and one's family. Faster intended vaccination speed was associated with regional urbanicity, liberal belief systems, more complete vaccination histories, and parental COVID-19 vaccination history. Higher levels of parental anxiety and lower levels of perceived vaccine danger were associated with increased speed. The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic within one's county was marginally related to speed, but not likelihood. These results underscore the importance of regular assessment of parental intentions across the pandemic, for practitioners to probe parental anxiety levels when discussing vaccination, to explicitly address risk/benefit analyses when communicating with parents, and to target previously routine unvaccinated parents and those in more rural areas to increase vaccine uptake. Comparisons are made with Galanis et al.'s (2022) recent meta-analysis on the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"4088-4119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark Personality Traits and Counterproductive Work Behavior: A PRISMA Systematic Review.","authors":"Mirko Duradoni, Mustafa Can Gursesli, Alessia Martucci, Ingerbort Yanina Gonzalez Ayarza, Giulia Colombini, Andrea Guazzini","doi":"10.1177/00332941231219921","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231219921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays it is important for companies to keep their profits and productivity high. This can be achieved by creating a good environment in which employees can perform at their best. Unfortunately, counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is widespread in the workplace and poses a serious threat to both organizational performance and employee well-being. Among the many potential risk factors for CWB, the Dark Triad (DT) personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) have received increasing attention in recent years. To assess the robustness and magnitude of the association between DT and CWB, we conducted a systematic review of the available literature on DT and CWB using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines after a thorough search of several databases, 21 papers were included. The results showed that DT and CWB are positively associated. Psychopathy exhibited the strongest positive association with CWB, followed immediately by Machiavellianism and narcissism. Moreover, Machiavellianism and psychopathy showed positive correlations with both forms of CWB (organisational and interpersonal), whereas narcissism was positively correlated only with interpersonal CWB. Our findings highlight that even though organisations could benefit from people with DT at the performance level, there could be serious implications for well-being and an appropriate work environment due to CWB.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"3939-3966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138470758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic stress resulting from stressful life events and its role in the onset of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a comparative analysis using the modified Holmes-Rahe stress scale.","authors":"Marta Jaskólska, Iga Kościńska-Shukla, Dawid Jaskólski, Alessandro Viti, Marcin Ziętkiewicz, Michał Chmielewski","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2447868","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2447868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent years brought considerable attention to the connection between chronic stress and the development of autoimmune diseases. However, little is still known about the impact of prolonged stress reactions on the onset and course of primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS). This study aimed to seek for associations between chronic stress, resulting from stressful life events, and pSS. In the study, 50 patients with diagnosed pSS, as well as 50 control patients with osteoarthritis underwent an assessment. Modified Holmes-Rahe (H-R) stress scale was used in order to evaluate the impact of stressful events within 12 months prior to the diagnosis. Patients with pSS had a significantly higher total score on H-R stress scale within one-year preceding the disease diagnosis (152 ± 66.3 vs 50 ± 54.6; <i>p</i> <math><mrow><mo><</mo></mrow></math> 0.001). Additionally, the pSS patients more commonly than the controls reported a subjectively perceived correlation between stressful events and the occurrence of disease symptoms (50% vs 12%; <i>p</i> <math><mrow><mo><</mo></mrow></math> 0.001). Moreover, the H-R score at the time of the assessment correlated with the disease activity. The results support the view that pSS belongs to the group of diseases which pathogenesis is closely related to stressful life events. The novelty of this work lies in focus on both the correlation of stress on the onset of autoimmune disease as well as the activity of previously diagnosed disorder. Our data contributes to finding evidence-based medicine (EBM) arguments to what has until recently been merely a thematic observation-the harmfulness of negative stress on individual's health status.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"28 1","pages":"2447868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Roles of Affect Lability and Experiential Avoidance Between Distress Tolerance and Suicidal Ideation Among College Students.","authors":"Shelby N Baker, Emily K Burr, Ardhys N De Leon, Angelina V Leary, David C Rozek, Robert D Dvorak","doi":"10.1177/00332941231216671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231216671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: Suicidal ideation (SI) is highly prevalent among college students. Research has shown that college students are also more likely to experience low distress tolerance, affect lability, and experiential avoidance, which have been linked to SI. There is a critical need to examine the mechanisms that increase the risk of SI among college students. It is hypothesized that distress tolerance will be a strong predictor of SI, and affect lability as well as experiential avoidance will mediate this relationship. <i>Participants and Methods</i>: Participants (<i>n</i> = 820) from a Southeastern University completed an online survey, inquiring about demographic information, affect lability, SI, experiential avoidance, and distress tolerance. Data were analyzed utilizing structural equation modeling. <i>Results</i>: Distress tolerance was not directly related to SI. However, affect lability and experiential avoidance were found to mediate this relationship. <i>Conclusions</i>: Affect lability and experiential avoidance may be important predictors of SI among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"3999-4014"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134649580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}