Cells Tissues Organs最新文献

{"title":"Life of the B10 Mouse: A View from the Hair Follicles and Tissue Stem Cells.","authors":"Kimihiko Sugaya","doi":"10.1159/000533779","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our series of studies, the changes in the skin characteristics of mice caused by aging were investigated in correlation with the stem cells for keratinocytes and melanocytes in the natural hair cycle until middle age. The aim of the present review was to investigate these characteristics of hair follicles (HFs) at older age and complete the analysis of these changes as a study throughout the mouse lifetime. In addition, stem cells for keratinocytes and melanocytes were evaluated for changes in skin characteristics caused by aging. Postnatal day 200 (P200) appears to be the age of complete maturation of skin and the onset of aging with regard to HFs. Keratin 15-positive keratinocyte stem cells complete their localization as a quantitatively sufficient amount of progenitor in the hair bulge region and orchestrate the regeneration of hairs in every anagen phase thereafter. Although their frequency is low, an unusual structure of HFs, curved HFs, appear for the first time at P200. Thereafter, abnormal hair curvature continues to increase throughout life. In contrast, HF characteristics derived from melanocytes begin to show a high frequency of hypopigmented hair bulbs at P200 and appear to lead to a significant increase in the number of white hairs. Curved HFs and white hairs were considered biomarkers of aging in mice. The number of tyrosinase-related protein 2-positive melanocyte stem cells in the hair bulge is extremely low and may be one cause underlying not only the induction of melanocyte-derived characteristics by aging but possibly also that of keratinocyte-derived characteristics. These results provide insight into the mechanisms of the actions of stem cells on hair regeneration through the aging process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10234382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Embryo Models to Understand the Development and Progression of Embryonic Lineages: A Focus on Primordial Germ Cell Development.","authors":"Ignacio Rodriguez-Polo, Naomi Moris","doi":"10.1159/000538275","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recapitulating mammalian cell type differentiation in vitro promises to improve our understanding of how these processes happen in vivo, while bringing additional prospects for biomedical applications. The establishment of stem cell-derived embryo models and embryonic organoids, which have experienced explosive growth over the last few years, opens new avenues for research due to their scale, reproducibility, and accessibility. Embryo models mimic various developmental stages, exhibit different degrees of complexity, and can be established across species. Since embryo models exhibit multiple lineages organized spatially and temporally, they are likely to provide cellular niches that, to some degree, recapitulate the embryonic setting and enable \"co-development\" between cell types and neighbouring populations. One example where this is already apparent is in the case of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>While directed differentiation protocols enable the efficient generation of high PGCLC numbers, embryo models provide an attractive alternative as they enable the study of interactions of PGCLCs with neighbouring cells, alongside the regulatory molecular and biophysical mechanisms of PGC competency. Additionally, some embryo models can recapitulate post-specification stages of PGC development (including migration or gametogenesis), mimicking the inductive signals pushing PGCLCs to mature and differentiate and enabling the study of PGCLC development across stages. Therefore, in vitro models may allow us to address questions of cell type differentiation, and PGC development specifically, that have hitherto been out of reach with existing systems.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>This review evaluates the current advances in stem cell-based embryo models, with a focus on their potential to model cell type-specific differentiation in general and in particular to address open questions in PGC development and gametogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"503-522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140118894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering the Cellular Landscape in Marrow Stimulation Techniques for Cartilage Repair.","authors":"Maddie Hasson, Lorenzo M Fernandes, Hanna Solomon, Tristan Pepper, Nicholas L Huffman, Saitheja A Pucha, Jason T Bariteau, Jarred M Kaiser, Jay M Patel","doi":"10.1159/000538530","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marrow stimulation is a common reparative approach to treat injuries to cartilage and other soft tissues (e.g., rotator cuff). It involves the recruitment of bone marrow elements and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the defect, theoretically initiating a regenerative process. However, the resulting repair tissue is often weak and susceptible to deterioration with time. The populations of cells at the marrow stimulation site (beyond MSCs), and their contribution to inflammation, vascularity, and fibrosis, may play a role in quality of the repair tissue.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this review, we accomplish three goals: (1) systematically review clinical trials on the augmentation of marrow stimulation and evaluate their assumptions on the biological elements recruited; (2) detail the cellular populations in bone marrow and their impact on healing; and (3) highlight emerging technologies and approaches that could better guide these specific cell populations towards enhanced cartilage or soft tissue formation.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>We found that most clinical trials do not account for cell heterogeneity, nor do they specify the regenerative element recruited, and those that do typically utilize descriptions such as \"clots,\" \"elements,\" and \"blood.\" Furthermore, our review of bone marrow cell populations demonstrates a dramatically heterogenous cell population, including hematopoietic cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and only a small population of MSCs. Finally, the field has developed numerous innovative techniques to enhance the chondrogenic potential (and reduce the anti-regenerative impacts) of these various cell types. We hope this review will guide approaches that account for cellular heterogeneity and improve marrow stimulation techniques to treat chondral defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"523-537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in the Lung Tissue of Mouse Fetuses Generated by in vitro Embryo Culture and Embryo Transfer.","authors":"Göksel Doğan, Nedim Karagenç, Kerem Esmen, Bengi Çınar Kul, Hasan Yeşilkaya, Şakir Akgün, Mehmet Nurullah Orman, Mustafa Sandıkçı, Ülker Eren, Hümeyra Ünsal, Levent Karagenç","doi":"10.1159/000529974","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mouse fetuses generated by in vitro embryo culture and embryo transfer exhibit impaired lung development, altered composition of pulmonary epithelial cells associated with downregulation of several genes involved in lung development and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. The aims of the present study were to determine the expression of all TLRs and to examine if the expression of TLRs, along with genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, is altered in the lung tissue of mouse fetuses generated through embryo culture and embryo transfer. Two experimental (EGs) and one control (CG) group were included in the study. Embryos cultured at 5% CO2-95% air for 95 h or less than 24 h were transferred to pseudo-pregnant females to obtain fetuses comprising EGin vitro (n = 18) and EGin vivo (n = 18), respectively. Fetuses obtained from naturally ovulating females on day 18 of pregnancy served as the CG (n = 18). Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression of TLR proteins. The expression of transcripts encoding TLRs, and the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway (Lbp, Pik3r1, Pik3cb, Nfkbia, and Fos), was determined using qRT-PCR. While all TLRs were expressed by cells lining the bronchial/bronchiolar epithelium of lung tissues in all groups, some of the TLRs were expressed in a specific pattern. When compared to CG, the expression of transcripts encoding TLR-2, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8, -9, -12, -13, Lbp, Pik3r1, Pik3cb, Nfkbia, and Fos was significantly downregulated in both EGs. It appears that stress imposed on embryos at preimplantation stages of development is associated with downregulation of TLRs, along with some of the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, in the lung tissue during the perinatal period. It remains to be determined if downregulation of TLRs, along with the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, has any functional consequences in the adult lung tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"181-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9726318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New and Practical Model of Human-Like Ascending Aorta Aneurysm in Rats.","authors":"Yong Wu, Jin Yang, Han Shen, Jiacheng Zhu, Feixiang Zhang, Xiaoyi Ren, Yue Xu, Xiaotong Zhao, Jingyi Li, Haoyue Huang, Yanxia Zhang, Ziyun Jiang, Mingliang Tang, Zhenya Shen","doi":"10.1159/000536569","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ascending aortic aneurysm is a serious health risk. In order to study ascending aortic aneurysms, elastase and calcium ion treatment for aneurysm formation are mainly used, but their aneurysm formation time is long and the aneurysm formation rate is low. Thus, this study aimed to construct a rat model of ascending aorta aneurysm with a short modeling time and high aneurysm formation rate, which may mimic the pathological processes of human ascending aorta aneurysm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cushion needles with different pipe diameters (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6 mm) were used to establish a human-like rat model of ascending aortic aneurysm by narrowing the ascending aorta of rats and increasing the force of blood flow on the vessel wall. The vascular diameters were evaluated using color Doppler ultrasonography after 2 weeks. The characteristics of ascending aortic aneurysm in rats were detected by Masson's trichrome staining, Verhoeff's Van Gieson staining, and hematoxylin and eosin staining, while real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to assess the total RNA of cytokine interleukin-1β, interleukin 6, transforming growth factor-beta 1, and metalloproteinase 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two weeks after surgery, the ultrasound images and the statistical analysis demonstrated that the diameter of the ascending aorta in rats increased more than 1.5 times, similar to that in humans, indicating the success of animal modeling of ascending aortic aneurysm. Moreover, the optimal constriction diameter of the ascending aortic aneurysm model is 1.4 mm by the statistical analysis of the rate of ascending aortic aneurysm and mortality rate in rats with different constriction diameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The human-like ascending aortic aneurysm model developed in this study can be used for the studies of the pathological processes and mechanisms of ascending aortic aneurysm in a more clinically relevant fashion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"403-412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prelims","authors":"Ryan J. Gilbert, NY Usa Gujon Troy, Sheng, Japan Christoph Kumamoto, Göttingen Germany Stefan Viebahn, Tübingen Germany Kacey G Liebau, Marra, S. Yip, N. Wang, R. Sugimura, Hong Kong","doi":"10.1159/000534119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000534119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" 14","pages":"363 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents 2023 Vol. 212","authors":"R.A.D. Kamath, M. D. Benson, Akhavan Rahnama, Soufi Zomorrod, S. K. W. Eghbalsaied, Isfahan, G. C. Baan, H. Maas, Amsterdam","doi":"10.1159/000535530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535530","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":"38 1","pages":"I - VI"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"R. Gilbert, Guojun Sheng, L. Bartolo, N. Vrana","doi":"10.1159/000533217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46537586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"R. Gilbert, Guojun Sheng, George J. Christ, L. Bartolo, N. Vrana","doi":"10.1159/000531363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000531363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43246692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Statement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000529764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529764","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9717,"journal":{"name":"Cells Tissues Organs","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}