{"title":"Recent advances in the enantioselective synthesis of chiral sulfones <i>via</i> asymmetric hydrogenation.","authors":"Xiaoxue Wu, Guohua Hou","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01515k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01515k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chiral sulfones are key structural motifs that extensively exist in natural products, drugs, and biologically active compounds. During the past few decades, rapid development has been made with respect to the highly enantioselective synthesis of chiral sulfones, in which the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of unsaturated sulfones provides an efficient and powerful methodology to construct chiral sulfones and their derivatives. This review highlights the progress achieved in transition metal (ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, and nickel) catalyzed direct asymmetric hydrogenation of a variety of unsaturated sulfones from the aspects of the substrate scope, catalytic mechanisms, and applications in the synthesis of biologically active molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A mitochondria-targeted colorimetric and NIR ratiometric fluorescent probe for biothiols with large Stokes shift based on thiol-chromene click reaction.","authors":"Dongjian Zhu, Aishan Ren, Lin Xue","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01324g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01324g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a carbazole-based mitochondria-targeted colorimetric and NIR ratiometric fluorescent probe 1 for biothiols based on the thiol-chromene click reaction was subtly designed and synthesized. Upon interaction with biothiols (Cys, Hcy and GSH), the absorption of 1 shifted from 496 nm to 388 nm, while its fluorescence spectrum shifted from 650 nm to 530 nm. These transformations were accompanied by a visible color change from pink to colorless under visible light and from red to green when observed under a 365 nm UV lamp, which can be attributed to the click reaction of biothiols with the α,β-unsaturated ketone of the chromene moiety, subsequent pyran ring-opening and phenol formation as well as 1,6-elimination of a <i>p</i>-hydroxybenzyl moiety yielding 2. These advancements in 1 have allowed us to ratiometrically detect biothiols with high sensitivity (LODs of 97 nM, 94 nM and 93 nM for Cys, GSH and Hcy, respectively), a large Stokes shift (154 nm) and excellent selectivity. In addition, 1 can target mitochondria and image the fluctuation of intracellular biothiols through fluorescence ratiometry. Furthermore, the novel design strategy of modifying chromene to the N atom of quinoline was proposed for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization of α,β-unsaturated <i>N</i>-tosylhydrazones with iodoarenes: access to 2<i>H</i>-chromenes and 2<i>H</i>-quinolines.","authors":"Yiyi Zheng, Xi-Wei Zhu, Yi-Yun Pan, Fei Sun, Long Yao, Xin-Xing Wu","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01300j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01300j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A palladium-catalyzed cascade reaction of α,β-unsaturated <i>N</i>-tosylhydrazones with iodoarene derivatives containing a nucleophilic group has been developed, which provides facile access to 2<i>H</i>-chromenes and 2<i>H</i>-quinolines, respectively. Additionally, the double Pd-carbene migratory insertion/nucleophilic substitution processes for the synthesis of a ternary heterocyclic skeleton were possible in the developed catalytic system.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical mechanistic insights on the thermal and acid-catalyzed rearrangements of <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-nitroanilines.","authors":"Shi Cheng, Chongjie Su, Tian Chen, Jiaxi Xu","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01449a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01449a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The thermal and acid-catalyzed rearrangement mechanisms of <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-nitroanilines were theoretically investigated <i>via</i> density functional theory (DFT) calculations for all possible proposed mechanisms. The results indicate that the thermal rearrangement of <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-nitroanilines undergoes a radical pair complex mechanism through the homolysis of their N-N bond to generate a radical pair complex and the recombination of the radical pairs followed by aromatization. For the acid-catalyzed rearrangements, <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-nitroanilines are first protonated on the nitrogen atom of their aniline moiety and then generate protonated <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>O</i>-nitroso-<i>N</i>-phenylhydroxylamines through a three-membered spirocyclic oxadiaziridine transition state. The <i>N</i>-protonated <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>O</i>-nitroso-<i>N</i>-phenylhydroxylamines favor homolytic dissociation to generate <i>N</i>-methylaniline cationic radical and nitrogen dioxide complexes, which further combine together and aromatize to afford protonated <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>o</i>-nitroanilines and <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>p</i>-nitroanilines, respectively. The radical pair complexes are more stable than the corresponding solvent-caged radical pairs. The thermal rearrangements require higher activation energy than the corresponding acid-catalyzed rearrangements.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaobing Liu, Yong-Liang Ban, Yanjie Liu, Mengdie Zhuang, Yao Zhou
{"title":"Palladium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and decarboxylation for the assembly of indolo[1,2-<i>f</i>]phenanthridine.","authors":"Xiaobing Liu, Yong-Liang Ban, Yanjie Liu, Mengdie Zhuang, Yao Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01383b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01383b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A direct and convenient strategy for the assembly of indolo[1,2-<i>f</i>]phenanthridine <i>via</i> a Pd-catalyzed tandem cyclization reaction is presented. The current strategy delivers a range of indolo[1,2-<i>f</i>]phenanthridine derivatives by utilizing readily available 1-(2-iodophenyl)-1<i>H</i>-indole and commercially available <i>o</i>-bromobenzoic acids as the starting materials. The reaction features the formation of two C-C bonds through Pd-catalyzed C-H bond activation and decarboxylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions improve the fidelity of metal-mediated primer extension while suppressing intrinsic and Mn<sup>2+</sup>-induced mutagenic effects by DNA polymerases.","authors":"Tatsuya Funai, Natsumi Tanaka, Riyo Sugimachi, Shun-Ichi Wada, Hidehito Urata","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01433b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01433b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While Mn<sup>2+</sup> ions are well-established for reducing the fidelity of DNA polymerases, leading to the misincorporation of nucleotides, our investigation of the effects of metal ions revealed a contrasting role of Zn<sup>2+</sup>. Here, we demonstrate that Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions enhance the fidelity of DNA polymerases (the 3' → 5' exonuclease-deficient Klenow fragment and Taq DNA polymerase) by suppressing misincorporation during primer extension reactions. Remarkably, Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions inhibit both intrinsic misincorporation and Mn<sup>2+</sup>-induced misincorporation of nucleotides. Furthermore, Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions also effectively suppressed misincorporation during metal-mediated primer extension reactions, which involved forming Ag<sup>+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup> ion-mediated base pairs. These findings suggest that Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions inhibit both intrinsic and Mn<sup>2+</sup>-induced mismatched base pair formation. Consequently, the combined use of Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions may offer a strategy for precisely regulating the fidelity of DNA polymerases. Remarkably, Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions even suppress misincorporation in primer extension reactions that rely on metal-mediated base pairs, and conversely, this suggests that DNA polymerases recognize metal-mediated base pairs such as T-Hg<sup>2+</sup>-T, C-Ag<sup>+</sup>-A, and C-Ag<sup>+</sup>-T as relatively stable base pairs. These results imply that Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions may also enhance the fidelity of DNA polymerases when incorporating non-canonical nucleobases, potentially paving the way for the expansion of the genetic alphabet.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rudrasenan Agneswaran, Arasambattu K Mohanakrishnan
{"title":"Synthesis of di/tri-substituted carbazoles involving Pd-mediated Sonogashira coupling of indolyltriflates with aryl acetylenes.","authors":"Rudrasenan Agneswaran, Arasambattu K Mohanakrishnan","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01536c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01536c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we present our preliminary findings on the synthesis of carbazole derivatives involving the Sonogashira coupling reaction of 2-(trimethylamino)methylindolyltriflates with aryl acetylenes followed by isomerization, thermal electrocyclization and 1,3-H shift, furnishing the respective di- and tri-substituted carbazoles.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junsheng Hou, Bingxin You, Ruiqi Lv, Xinxin Zhang, Jinyang Shen, Jiaojiao Li, Xi Zuo, Qiang Liu
{"title":"Synthesis of 1,4-benzodioxepines <i>via</i> electrochemical oxyselenenylation of 2-<i>O</i>-tethered alkenyl phenylmethanol and diselenides.","authors":"Junsheng Hou, Bingxin You, Ruiqi Lv, Xinxin Zhang, Jinyang Shen, Jiaojiao Li, Xi Zuo, Qiang Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01483a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01483a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A highly efficient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 1,4-benzodioxepines through electrochemical oxyselenenylation of 2-<i>O</i>-tethered alkenyl phenylmethanol and diselenides under external oxidant-free conditions at room temperature. Experimental evidence supports this transformation to occur <i>via</i> a radical mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Fan, Qinqin Yan, Xueli Wang, Lijun Li, Zejiang Li
{"title":"Radical alkylation of acrylamides with peroxides to access mono/dialkylated fused N-heterocycles.","authors":"Jie Fan, Qinqin Yan, Xueli Wang, Lijun Li, Zejiang Li","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01555j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01555j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A simple mono/dialkylation of acrylamide derivatives was achieved, affording diverse mono/dialkylated benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-<i>a</i>]isoquinolines or polycyclic coumarins with good substrate scope. This system used common peroxides as alkylating reagents. Meanwhile, a series of scaled-up reactions and mechanistic explorations well demonstrated the application and reaction process of this cascade system.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using N-heterocyclic carbene salt as a C1 precursor.","authors":"Bingwei Zhou, Zhao Gao, Yanhao Yang, Yuanyuan Hu","doi":"10.1039/d4ob01568a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01568a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We herein describe an alkylation reaction of indoles with NHC salts to access bis(indolyl)methanes as product. The NHC salt (or free NHC) serves as a C1 precursor due to decomposition of its N-heterocyclic ring. Although the exact roles of zinc powder and acetic/formic acid remain elusive, both of them are indispensable for this reaction. Two possible reaction pathways are proposed based on the results of mechanistic experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}