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Bacteria renew an OLD protein to cleave host tRNAs and block phage translation 细菌更新一种古老的蛋白质，以裂解宿主 tRNA 并阻止噬菌体翻译
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.006
Kyle D. Gibbs, Michele LeRoux
{"title":"Bacteria renew an OLD protein to cleave host tRNAs and block phage translation","authors":"Kyle D. Gibbs, Michele LeRoux","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-phage defenses must rapidly sense and respond to diverse viruses. A recent pair of papers in <em>Nature</em> reveal via structural and functional assays how the PARIS defense system, a recently discovered toxin-antitoxin system, senses phage-associated molecular patterns (PhAMPs), thereby activating an endonuclease toxin that cleaves tRNA to block phage replication.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mimicry games: NPC-like MX2 condensates trap viruses 模仿游戏类似 NPC 的 MX2 凝聚物捕获病毒
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.001
Junfeng Zhou, Wei Wei
{"title":"Mimicry games: NPC-like MX2 condensates trap viruses","authors":"Junfeng Zhou, Wei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Recent findings suggest that HIV-1 capsids mimic nuclear transport receptors to engage FG-nucleoporins for entry into host nuclei. In this issue of <em>Cell Host &amp; Microbe</em>, Moschonas et al. report that MX2 forms cytoplasmic condensates comprising FG-nucleoporins resembling nuclear pore complexes to capture viral capsids and hinder their nuclear transport.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
To sense or not to sense, Paneth cell regulation of mucosal immunity 感知或不感知，Paneth 细胞对粘膜免疫的调控
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.005
Sebastian Weis, Irah L. King, Wolfgang Vivas
{"title":"To sense or not to sense, Paneth cell regulation of mucosal immunity","authors":"Sebastian Weis, Irah L. King, Wolfgang Vivas","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"Paneth cells located within intestinal crypts support epithelial stem cells and immunity through growth factors and antimicrobial peptides. In this issue of <em>Cell Host &amp; Microbe</em>, Wallaeys et al. report that TNF sensing by Paneth cells disrupts the unfolded protein response and decreases antimicrobial peptides, causing bacterial translocation and sepsis.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intestinal fungal-host interactions in promoting and maintaining health 肠道真菌与宿主在促进和保持健康方面的相互作用
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.010
Jennifer H. Hill, June L. Round
{"title":"Intestinal fungal-host interactions in promoting and maintaining health","authors":"Jennifer H. Hill, June L. Round","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"The resident microbiota are a key component of a healthy organism. The vast majority of microbiome studies have focused on bacterial members, which constitute a significant portion of resident microbial biomass. Recent studies have demonstrated how the fungal component of the microbiota, or the mycobiome, influences mammalian biology despite its low abundance compared to other microbes. Fungi are known for their pathogenic potential, yet fungi are also prominent colonizers in healthy states, highlighting their duality. We summarize the characteristics that define the gut mycobiome across life, the factors that can impact its composition, and studies that identify mechanisms of how fungi confer health benefits. The goal of this review is to synthesize our knowledge regarding the composition and function of a healthy mycobiome with a view to inspiring future therapeutic advances.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunity to fungi and vaccine considerations 真菌免疫和疫苗考虑因素
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.011
Alexander J. Whitehead, Therese Woodring, Bruce S. Klein
{"title":"Immunity to fungi and vaccine considerations","authors":"Alexander J. Whitehead, Therese Woodring, Bruce S. Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal disease poses a growing threat to public health that our current antifungal therapies are not well equipped to meet. As the population of immunocompromised hosts expands, and ecological changes favor the emergence of fungal pathogens, the development of new antifungal agents, including vaccines, becomes a global priority. Here, we summarize recent advancements in the understanding of fungal pathogenesis, key features of the host antifungal immune response, and how these findings could be leveraged to design novel approaches to deadly fungal disease.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From dysbiosis to homeostasis: Oleic acid matters in the vagina 从菌群失调到平衡：油酸在阴道中的作用
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.007
Ri-hua Xie, Hao Liu, Cancan Qi, Yan He
{"title":"From dysbiosis to homeostasis: Oleic acid matters in the vagina","authors":"Ri-hua Xie, Hao Liu, Cancan Qi, Yan He","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"The role of fatty acids in shaping vaginal microbiota remains unclear. In an issue of <em>Cell</em>, Zhu et al. use genomic and transcriptomic analyses to reveal that oleic acid (OA) selectively inhibits <em>L. iners</em> while promoting <em>L. crispatus</em>, suggesting new strategies for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV).","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Host-microbe interaction paradigms in acute and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis 急性和复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病的宿主-微生物相互作用范例
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.018
Jessie MacAlpine, Michail S. Lionakis
{"title":"Host-microbe interaction paradigms in acute and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","authors":"Jessie MacAlpine, Michail S. Lionakis","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Candida</em> spp. are members of the human mucosal microbiota that can cause opportunistic diseases ranging from superficial infections to life-threatening invasive candidiasis. In humans, the most common infection caused by <em>Candida</em> spp. is vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), which affects &gt;70% of women at least once in their lifetime. Of those women, ∼5%–10% develop recurrent VVC (RVVC). In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the host and fungal factors that contribute to susceptibility to VVC and RVVC. We synthesize key findings that support the notion that disease symptoms are driven by neutrophil-associated dysfunction and immunopathology and describe how antifungal immune mechanisms in the vagina are distinct from other mucosal barrier sites. Finally, we highlight key, unanswered research areas within the field that can help us better understand the immunopathogenesis of this infection and facilitate the development of novel preventive, therapeutic, and/or vaccination strategies to combat these common, poorly understood diseases.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The RNA landscape of the human commensal Segatella copri reveals a small RNA essential for gut colonization 人类共生动物 Segatella copri 的 RNA 图谱揭示了肠道定植所必需的小 RNA
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.008
Youssef El Mouali, Caroline Tawk, Kun D. Huang, Lena Amend, Till Robin Lesker, Falk Ponath, Jörg Vogel, Till Strowig
{"title":"The RNA landscape of the human commensal Segatella copri reveals a small RNA essential for gut colonization","authors":"Youssef El Mouali, Caroline Tawk, Kun D. Huang, Lena Amend, Till Robin Lesker, Falk Ponath, Jörg Vogel, Till Strowig","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"The bacterium <em>Segatella copri</em> is a prevalent member of the human gut microbiota associated with health and disease states. However, the intrinsic factors that determine its ability to colonize the gut effectively remain largely unknown. By extensive transcriptome mapping of <em>S. copri</em> and examining human-derived samples, we discover a small RNA, which we name <em>Segatella</em> RNA colonization factor (SrcF), and show that SrcF is essential for <em>S. copri</em> gut colonization in gnotobiotic mice. SrcF regulates genes involved in nutrient acquisition, and complex carbohydrates, particularly fructans, control its expression. Furthermore, SrcF expression is strongly influenced by human microbiome composition and by the breakdown of fructans by cohabitating commensals, suggesting that the breakdown of complex carbohydrates mediates interspecies signaling among commensals beyond its established function in generating energy. Together, this study highlights the contribution of a small RNA as a critical regulator in gut colonization.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid design of bacteriophage cocktails to suppress the burden and virulence of gut-resident carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 快速设计噬菌体鸡尾酒，抑制肠道耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯氏菌的负担和毒力
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.004
Ella Rotman, Sandra McClure, Joshua Glazier, Jay Fuerte-Stone, Jonathan Foldi, Ali Erani, Rory McGann, Jack Arnold, Huaiying Lin, Sandra Valaitis, Mark Mimee
{"title":"Rapid design of bacteriophage cocktails to suppress the burden and virulence of gut-resident carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Ella Rotman, Sandra McClure, Joshua Glazier, Jay Fuerte-Stone, Jonathan Foldi, Ali Erani, Rory McGann, Jack Arnold, Huaiying Lin, Sandra Valaitis, Mark Mimee","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic use can lead to the expansion of multi-drug-resistant pathobionts within the gut microbiome that can cause life-threatening infections. Selective alternatives to conventional antibiotics are in dire need. Here, we describe a <em>Klebsiella</em> PhageBank for the tailored design of bacteriophage cocktails to treat multi-drug-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>. Using a transposon library in carbapenem-resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, we identify host factors required for phage infection in major <em>Klebsiella</em> phage families. Leveraging the diversity of the PhageBank, we formulate phage combinations that eliminate <em>K. pneumoniae</em> with minimal phage resistance. Optimized cocktails selectively suppress the burden of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in the mouse gut and drive the loss of key virulence factors that act as phage receptors. Phage-mediated diversification of bacterial populations in the gut leads to co-evolution of phage variants with higher virulence and broader host range. Altogether, the <em>Klebsiella</em> PhageBank charts a roadmap for phage therapy against a critical multidrug-resistant human pathogen.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pangenomes of human gut microbiota uncover links between genetic diversity and stress response 人类肠道微生物群的庞基因组揭示了遗传多样性与应激反应之间的联系
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.017
Saar Shoer, Lee Reicher, Chunyu Zhao, Katherine S. Pollard, Yitzhak Pilpel, Eran Segal
{"title":"Pangenomes of human gut microbiota uncover links between genetic diversity and stress response","authors":"Saar Shoer, Lee Reicher, Chunyu Zhao, Katherine S. Pollard, Yitzhak Pilpel, Eran Segal","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic diversity of the gut microbiota has a central role in host health. Here, we created pangenomes for 728 human gut prokaryotic species, quadrupling the genes of strain-specific genomes. Each of these species has a core set of a thousand genes, differing even between closely related species, and an accessory set of genes unique to the different strains. Functional analysis shows high strain variability associates with sporulation, whereas low variability is linked with antibiotic resistance. We further map the antibiotic resistome across the human gut population and find 237 cases of extreme resistance even to last-resort antibiotics, with a predominance among Enterobacteriaceae. Lastly, the presence of specific genes in the microbiota relates to host age and sex. Our study underscores the genetic complexity of the human gut microbiota, emphasizing its significant implications for host health. The pangenomes and antibiotic resistance map constitute a valuable resource for further research.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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