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Nutrient acquisition strategies by gut microbes 肠道微生物的营养获取策略
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.011
Matthew K. Muramatsu, Sebastian E. Winter
{"title":"Nutrient acquisition strategies by gut microbes","authors":"Matthew K. Muramatsu, Sebastian E. Winter","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The composition and function of the gut microbiota are intimately tied to nutrient acquisition strategies and metabolism, with significant implications for host health. Both dietary and host-intrinsic factors influence community structure and the basic modes of bacterial energy metabolism. The intestinal tract is rich in carbon and nitrogen sources; however, limited access to oxygen restricts energy-generating reactions to fermentation. By contrast, increased availability of electron acceptors during episodes of intestinal inflammation results in phylum-level changes in gut microbiota composition, suggesting that bacterial energy metabolism is a key driver of gut microbiota function. In this review article, we will illustrate diverse examples of microbial nutrient acquisition strategies in the context of habitat filters and anatomical location and the central role of energy metabolism in shaping metabolic strategies to support bacterial growth in the mammalian gut.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms of bacterial immunity, protection, and survival during interbacterial warfare 细菌间战争中的细菌免疫、保护和生存机制
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.006
Nolan W. Kennedy, Laurie E. Comstock
{"title":"Mechanisms of bacterial immunity, protection, and survival during interbacterial warfare","authors":"Nolan W. Kennedy, Laurie E. Comstock","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most bacteria live in communities, often with closely related strains and species with whom they must compete for space and resources. Consequently, bacteria have acquired or evolved mechanisms to antagonize competitors through the production of antibacterial toxins. Similar to bacterial systems that combat phage infection and mechanisms to thwart antibiotics, bacteria have also acquired and evolved features to protect themselves from antibacterial toxins. Just as there is a large body of research identifying and characterizing antibacterial proteins and toxin delivery systems, studies of bacterial mechanisms to resist and survive assault from competitors’ weapons have also expanded tremendously. Emerging data are beginning to reveal protective processes and mechanisms that are as diverse as the toxins themselves. Protection against antibacterial toxins can be acquired by horizontal gene transfer, receptor or target alteration, induction of protective functions, physical barriers, and other diverse processes. Here, we review recent studies in this rapidly expanding field.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Host stress drives tolerance and persistence: The bane of anti-microbial therapeutics 宿主压力驱动耐受性和持久性：抗微生物疗法的祸根
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.019
Sophie Helaine, Brian P. Conlon, Kimberly M. Davis, David G. Russell
{"title":"Host stress drives tolerance and persistence: The bane of anti-microbial therapeutics","authors":"Sophie Helaine, Brian P. Conlon, Kimberly M. Davis, David G. Russell","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antibiotic resistance, typically associated with genetic changes within a bacterial population, is a frequent contributor to antibiotic treatment failures. Antibiotic persistence and tolerance, which we collectively term recalcitrance, represent transient phenotypic changes in the bacterial population that prolong survival in the presence of typically lethal concentrations of antibiotics. Antibiotic recalcitrance is challenging to detect and investigate—traditionally studied under <em>in vitro</em> conditions, our understanding during infection and its contribution to antibiotic failure is limited. Recently, significant progress has been made in the study of antibiotic-recalcitrant populations in pathogenic species, including <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Salmonella enterica</em>, and <em>Yersiniae</em>, in the context of the host environment. Despite the diversity of these pathogens and infection models, shared signals and responses promote recalcitrance, and common features and vulnerabilities of persisters and tolerant bacteria have emerged. These will be discussed here, along with progress toward developing therapeutic interventions to better treat recalcitrant pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Response, resistance, and recovery of gut bacteria to human-targeted drug exposure 肠道细菌对人类靶向药物接触的反应、抵抗力和恢复能力
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.009
Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Leonardo Boldt, Lisa Maier
{"title":"Response, resistance, and recovery of gut bacteria to human-targeted drug exposure","authors":"Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Leonardo Boldt, Lisa Maier","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Survival strategies of human-associated microbes to drug exposure have been mainly studied in the context of bona fide pathogens exposed to antibiotics. Less well understood are the survival strategies of non-pathogenic microbes and host-associated commensal communities to the variety of drugs and xenobiotics to which humans are exposed. The lifestyle of microbial commensals within complex communities offers a variety of ways to adapt to different drug-induced stresses. Here, we review the responses and survival strategies employed by gut commensals when exposed to drugs—antibiotics and non-antibiotics—at the individual and community level. We also discuss the factors influencing the recovery and establishment of a new community structure following drug exposure. These survival strategies are key to the stability and resilience of the gut microbiome, ultimately influencing the overall health and well-being of the host.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intestinal colonization resistance in the context of environmental, host, and microbial determinants 环境、宿主和微生物决定因素背景下的肠道定植抵抗力
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.002
Simon Woelfel, Marta Salvado Silva, Bärbel Stecher
{"title":"Intestinal colonization resistance in the context of environmental, host, and microbial determinants","authors":"Simon Woelfel, Marta Salvado Silva, Bärbel Stecher","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial communities that colonize the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract defend against pathogens through a mechanism known as colonization resistance (CR). Advances in technologies such as next-generation sequencing, gnotobiotic mouse models, and bacterial cultivation have enhanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the intricate microbial interactions involved in CR. Rather than being attributed to specific microbial clades, CR is now understood to arise from a dynamic interplay between microbes and the host and is shaped by metabolic, immune, and environmental factors. This evolving perspective underscores the significance of contextual factors, encompassing microbiome composition and host conditions, in determining CR. This review highlights recent research that has shifted its focus toward elucidating how these factors interact to either promote or impede enteric infections. It further discusses future research directions to unravel the complex relationship between host, microbiota, and environmental determinants in safeguarding against GI infections to promote human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paternal and induced gut microbiota seeding complement mother-to-infant transmission 父代和诱导肠道微生物群播种补充母婴传播
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.004
Léonard Dubois, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Alise Ponsero, Otto Helve, Sture Andersson, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Francesco Asnicar, Katri Korpela, Anne Salonen, Nicola Segata, Willem M. de Vos
{"title":"Paternal and induced gut microbiota seeding complement mother-to-infant transmission","authors":"Léonard Dubois, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Alise Ponsero, Otto Helve, Sture Andersson, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Francesco Asnicar, Katri Korpela, Anne Salonen, Nicola Segata, Willem M. de Vos","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial colonization of the neonatal gut involves maternal seeding, which is partially disrupted in cesarean-born infants and after intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. However, other physically close individuals could complement such seeding. To assess the role of both parents and of induced seeding, we analyzed two longitudinal metagenomic datasets (health and early life microbiota [HELMi]: <em>N</em> = 74 infants, 398 samples, and SECFLOR: <em>N</em> = 7 infants, 35 samples) with cesarean-born infants who received maternal fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We found that the father constitutes a stable source of strains for the infant independently of the delivery mode, with the cumulative contribution becoming comparable to that of the mother after 1 year. Maternal FMT increased mother-infant strain sharing in cesarean-born infants, raising the average bacterial empirical growth rate while reducing pathogen colonization. Overall, our results indicate that maternal seeding is partly complemented by that of the father and support the potential of induced seeding to restore potential deviations in this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From parent to progeny 从父母到后代
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.012
Sara Shama, Michelle R. Asbury, Deborah L. O’Connor
{"title":"From parent to progeny","authors":"Sara Shama, Michelle R. Asbury, Deborah L. O’Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How infants acquire their gut microbial communities and the various factors influencing these dynamics remain unclear. In this issue of <em>Cell Host &amp; Microbe</em>, Selma-Royo et al. and Dubois et al. use shotgun metagenomic sequencing to understand the transmission of microbes from parents to infants and delve into factors modifying this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of a lipid-based jumbo phage compartment as a hub for early phage infection 以脂质为基础的巨型噬菌体区作为早期噬菌体感染枢纽的特征分析
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.016
Deepto Mozumdar, Andrea Fossati, Erica Stevenson, Jingwen Guan, Eliza Nieweglowska, Sanjana Rao, David Agard, Danielle L. Swaney, Joseph Bondy-Denomy
{"title":"Characterization of a lipid-based jumbo phage compartment as a hub for early phage infection","authors":"Deepto Mozumdar, Andrea Fossati, Erica Stevenson, Jingwen Guan, Eliza Nieweglowska, Sanjana Rao, David Agard, Danielle L. Swaney, Joseph Bondy-Denomy","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Viral genomes are most vulnerable to cellular defenses at the start of the infection. A family of jumbo phages related to phage ΦKZ, which infects <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, assembles a protein-based phage nucleus to protect replicating phage DNA, but how it is protected prior to phage nucleus assembly is unclear. We find that host proteins related to membrane and lipid biology interact with injected phage protein, clustering in an early phage infection (EPI) vesicle. The injected virion RNA polymerase (vRNAP) executes early gene expression until phage genome separation from the vRNAP and the EPI vesicle, moving into the nascent proteinaceous phage nucleus. Enzymes involved in DNA replication and CRISPR/restriction immune nucleases are excluded by the EPI vesicle. We propose that the EPI vesicle is rapidly constructed with injected phage proteins, phage DNA, host lipids, and host membrane proteins to enable genome protection, early transcription, localized translation, and to ensure faithful genome transfer to the proteinaceous nucleus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Streptomyces use umbrella toxins to gently compete with kin 链霉菌利用伞状毒素温和地与亲缘菌竞争
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.014
Fatma Sevde Coskun, Erdal Toprak
{"title":"Streptomyces use umbrella toxins to gently compete with kin","authors":"Fatma Sevde Coskun, Erdal Toprak","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a recent issue of <em>Nature</em>, Zhao et al. have demonstrated that <em>Streptomyces</em> spp. produce “umbrella”-shaped polymorphic toxin particles, a novel class of non-lethal toxins that gently inhibit competitors by arresting hyphal growth in closely related bacteria, unveiling a unique bacterial defense strategy in microbial ecological interactions.<span><sup>1</sup></span></p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antibiotic resistance: A key microbial survival mechanism that threatens public health 抗生素耐药性：威胁公共健康的关键微生物生存机制
IF 30.3 1区 医学
Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.015
Amna Abbas, Alexandra Barkhouse, Dirk Hackenberger, Gerard D. Wright
{"title":"Antibiotic resistance: A key microbial survival mechanism that threatens public health","authors":"Amna Abbas, Alexandra Barkhouse, Dirk Hackenberger, Gerard D. Wright","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antibiotic resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat, challenging the effectiveness of antibiotics in combating bacterial infections. AMR also represents one of the most crucial survival traits evolved by bacteria. Antibiotics emerged hundreds of millions of years ago as advantageous secondary metabolites produced by microbes. Consequently, AMR is equally ancient and hardwired into the genetic fabric of bacteria. Human use of antibiotics for disease treatment has created selection pressure that spurs the evolution of new resistance mechanisms and the mobilization of existing ones through bacterial populations in the environment, animals, and humans. This integrated web of resistance elements is genetically complex and mechanistically diverse. Addressing this mode of bacterial survival requires innovation and investment to ensure continued use of antibiotics in the future. Strategies ranging from developing new therapies to applying artificial intelligence in monitoring AMR and discovering new drugs are being applied to manage the growing AMR crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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