Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Radiation proctitis as a differential of lower GIT bleeding in Nigeria: A case series.","authors":"Evaristus Sunday Chukwudike, Nyam Paul David, Emmanuel Obasi, John John Ogan, Chinenye Unoma Nwoko, Chinwe Philomena Onyia, Kenechukwu Chukwuemeka Okonkwo, Lukman Olaitan Abdulkareem, Winnifred Njideka Adiri, Stella-Maris Chinma Egbo, Egbo Oziegbe, Pantong Mark Davwar","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelvic radiotherapy is an acceptable and promising treatment modality for various pelvic malignancies. However, it is associated with radiation-induced injury on surrounding structures with a preference for the rectum, which is characteristically fixed in the pelvic region. Acute radiation proctitis is usually self-limiting, but in its chronic form, it can be debilitating. Recent advances in radiation therapy have significantly reduced the prevalence of radiation proctitis (RP) in high-income countries, contrary to the findings in low and middle-income countries witnessing an increasing burden of radiation proctitis. This observation can be attributed to the increased availability of radiation therapies with limited use of novel technologies designed to reduce the detrimental effects of radiotherapy and improve the detection of RP owing to improvements in endoscopic services in developing countries. This is a highlight of the trends in the presentation of RP, management modalities in various tertiary centers in Nigeria, and the limitations in care occasioned by the non-availability of argon plasma coagulation (APC) as an effective treatment modality in most tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"370-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Gut-Microbiome and mental health and effects of probiotics on psychiatric disorders: A Meta-analysis and systematic review.","authors":"Ramita Goel, Bhupesh Gupta, Vimal Naranbhai Satodiya, Ashok Ukabhai Vala, Hetal Dabhi, Anshu Mittal","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A correlation between gut microbiome and mental health has drawn significant attention lately. The effects of microbiome microorganisms and their byproducts on disease states represent a complex and dynamic field of study. The objective of this article is to review the association of gut microbes and mental health and the effects of probiotics on psychiatric disorders, if any.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This meta-analysis was conducted using the PRISMA standards. We have compiled the most recent advancements in the field according to human research published in this Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The forest plot analysis revealed that probiotics or probiotics combined with other intervention modalities did significantly reduce some extent of mental disorders in comparison to the control group (Standardized mean difference) SMD = 0.95, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -6.52 to 8.42, P value< 0.01.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the reviewed literature supports the importance of gut microbiota-brain interaction in human mental illnesses, including the impact of probiotics on mental health outcomes and brain connection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B-Mode Ultrasound Grading of Cryptogenic Steatotic Liver Disease and Association with the Level of Sun Exposure in Zaria, Nigeria: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Philip Oluleke Ibinaiye, Benjamin Egbo, Adebanke Olarinoye-Akorede, Bako Joseph Igashi, Tokan Silas Baduku, Bello Omuya Usman, Manko Muhammad, Abdurrahman El-Fulaty Ahmad, Musa Abdulkadir Tabari, Mustapha Kagu Shettima, Muhammed Shakir Balogun, Mohammed Kabir Saleh","doi":"10.71480/nmj-v66i1.723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj-v66i1.723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryptogenic Steatotic Liver Disease (CSLD) is a novel subject where the liver has significant steatosis but without a known cause or abnormal cardiometabolic risk factors. Its aetiology and associations with sunlight exposure remain underexplored, particularly in Nigeria. CSLD is a growing public health concern in Nigeria, characterized by its potential progression to severe liver complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer, posing significant health risks. This study aimed to determine the association between CSLD and the level of sun exposure.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This case-control study involved 181 healthy subjects with CSLD and an equal number of normal subjects without CSLD as controls. This made for a total number of 362 subjects. They were recruited into the study consecutively as they emerged after clinical, laboratory, and imaging screenings. A liver ultrasound scan was done using a 3.5MHz frequency transducer to screen for the steatotic liver. The severity of liver steatosis was evaluated by ultrasound bright liver scores (BLS). A daily sun exposure score based on our local pattern was calculated using the information from the administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed with GraphPad Prism software version 6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the median (IQR) age of CSLD and control groups were 44.0 (28.5 - 54.0) and 44.0 (30.0 - 55.0) years. Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank comparison test showed no significant difference in the ages of the two study groups (<i>p</i> = 0.5578), indicating age matching of the study participants. There was a significant association (χ² = 59.03, df = 18, <i>p</i>< 0.0001) between age and development of CSLD. One hundred and eighty-one study subjects with CSLD comprised 83 (45.8%) males and 98 (54.1%) females.The median (IQR) values of the control group's sun exposure score differed significantly from those of the CSLD groups (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) for all categories (mild, moderate, severe steatosis). A multivariate logistic regression analysis model, weighted by years of age and sex, revealed that low sunlight exposure is a significant independent risk factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study shows that limited sun exposure is significantly associated with developing CSLD among Nigerians in Zaria. There is also a significant independent risk factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"319-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Mid-Palatal Suture Maturation Stage in Adolescents and Adults Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)- A Comparative Study.","authors":"Ravinder Singh, Deepak Gupta, Aashna Garg, Veenu Dahiya, Paras Gupta, Ramandeep Singh Gambhir","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several methods have been described in orthodontics for the evaluation of the skeletal age. These include hand-wrist radiography and cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) based on lateral cephalogram. Computed tomography (CT) scan has emerged as an effective tool for image diagnosis in situ. The present study was done to assess the stages of the mid-palatal suture in adolescents and adults utilizing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A descriptive and prospective study was done on 110 CBCT scans of individuals aged between 10-30 years, who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MMCDSR, Ambala, Haryana. The visualization and classification of the stage of maturation of the mid-palatine suture was done as per Angelieri's method using a cross-sectional axial slice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stage C was found to be the most prevalent (29.1%) with the majority of cases occurring in the 16-20 age range. Males were more likely to have Stage B, while females had Stage C. In 60 cases (54.5 percent of the overall sample), the mid-palatine suture was found to be open. The Chi-Square test results for each examiner were highly significant (p< 0.01), indicating a statistically significant association between age group and Stage distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a higher chance that post-adolescents and adults will have an open mid-palatal suture. When maxillary expansion is necessary, orthodontists may take these consequences into account. Furthermore, the middle palatal suture's ossification varies, hence using CBCT to rule out this possibility may be advised.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"347-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants and Prevalence of Paediatrics Return Visits to the Emergency Department in a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast Nigeria: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Chinelo V Okeke, Obinna V Obaji, Chijioke O Ogeh, Obinna J Chukwu, Uzoma V Asiegbu, Kenneth J Okoro, Chinonyelum T Ezeonu","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) return visits are an essential quality indicator, assessing the adequacy of care provided during the initial consultation, patient management, and subsequent follow-up. Despite the high burden of pediatric emergency cases, there is paucity of data on the prevalence and determinants of return visits in Nigeria. This study therefore aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of pediatric return visits to the ED in a tertiary hospital in Southeast Nigeria.Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for pediatric patients who visited the ED of the National Obstetric Fistula Center (NOFIC) Abakaliki Ebonyi State, from September 2022 to August 2023. Data on demographics, presenting complaints, diagnoses, investigations, and treatments from initial and return visits were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of return visits and explore associations with factors such as age, sex, type of caregiver, number of diagnoses, and duration of admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 181 pediatric patients, 19 (10.5%) had a return visit to the ED. Most of these patients were 0-5 years old (80.7%), with a slightly higher proportion of males (56.9%). The most reported symptoms were fever (77.3%) and vomiting (44.8%), with malaria being the predominant diagnosis at both initial (65 cases) and return visits. Although male children (68.4%) and those with multiple diagnoses had higher return rates, statistical analysis revealed no significant associations between return visits and the examined variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 10.5% prevalence of pediatric return visits to the ED is a clear indicator of the complex relationship between illness severity, the quality of care provided and the health-seeking behavior of care givers in a resource limited health care facility. The study helps to understand some causes of return visits and develop strategies to reduce their occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let's unravel the association between renal stones and renal variant vasculature in patients with duplex collecting system: A retrospective single institute study.","authors":"Khurram Khaliq Bhinder, Aroosa Kanwal, Zenab Farooq, Madiha Saeed Wahla, Khizer Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our study aims to explore the association of duplex collecting systems with variable renal vasculature and renal calculi, given the paucity of published data on the subject.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Between 2020 and 2023, retrospective research on patients with a duplex collecting system detected by CT scans was conducted at the radiology department of Shifa International Hospital. We assessed any gender bias and ascertained the frequency of this unilateral or bilateral duplex system abnormality. Furthermore, in patients who had received post-contrast imaging, the prevalence of renal calculi and varied renal vasculature was evaluated. In individuals with a duplex collecting system, the correlation between renal stones and renal variant vasculature was computed. SPSS version 25 was used to conduct the chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrospectively gathered data on patients with duplex collecting systems that showed only 65 patients. According to our research, bilateral participation is uncommon but the duplex collecting system is not side-specific. According to our statistics, this aberration has been more common in men as compared to women. Only 36 of the 65 patients in total had post-contrast imaging to check for variances in the vasculature. Of the 36 patients with renal vein variations, 11 had renal vein variations and 25 did not have any anatomical variations. Of the 25 individuals who did not have a renal vein variation, 19 did not have calculus, 2 had calculus involving the lower pole, and 4 had calculus involving the upper pole. 8 individuals with renal variations did not have renal calculus, 2 patients had lower pole calculus, and 1 patient had upper pole calculus. A negative uncertainty coefficient was seen between renal vein vasculature and calculus formation. 17 of the 36 patients had renal artery variations, whereas 19 patients had no anatomic variation of the renal artery. 12 of the 19 individuals without a renal artery variation had no calculus, 2 had calculus involving the lower pole, and 5 had calculus involving the upper pole. 2 individuals had calculus affecting the lower pole, 0 patients had calculus on the upper pole, and 15 patients with renal artery variations had no renal calculus. A positive uncertainty coefficient was seen between renal arterial vasculature and calculus formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding renal vasculature patterns is vital for effective vascular interventions as well as kidney transplantations. Patients with a duplex collecting system are at increased risk of stasis, infections, and stone formation. For urologists and nephrologists, awareness of the association with variant renal vasculature is critical for managing complications related to this anomaly.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"313-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in Rural Southern Nigeria: Gender and Age Disparities.","authors":"Harmony Uchenna Ibezim, Helen Kwipnchep Njoya, Hendrith Esene, Shalom Enahoro Azenabor, Saeed Sule","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, elevated blood sugar, and abnormal lipid profiles. Its increasing prevalence globally poses a significant public health concern. This study investigated the prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with MetS, considering age and gender in a rural teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Conducted at Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital, Edo State, the study involved 75 patients selected through simple random sampling using the 2009 Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria of the IDF/AHA/NHLBI. It utilised an observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective design, focusing on individuals aged 18 years and older who consented to participate. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23, with p < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that 60% of patients with MetS had hypertension, 17.3% had T2DM, and 22.7% were diagnosed with both conditions. Among hypertensive patients, 57.3% were female (P = 0.110). For T2DM, 25.3% of patients were female (P = 0.766). The prevalence of both T2DM (P = 0.106) and hypertension (P = 0.708) was higher in middle-aged patients compared to other age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the significant prevalence of hypertension and T2DM among patients with MetS in a rural teaching hospital, with notable variations across gender and age groups. While hypertension was more common in females, T2DM showed no significant gender disparity. Middle-aged individuals exhibited a higher prevalence of both conditions, underscoring the need for targeted screening and intervention strategies in this demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"279-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Style Preference and Its Correlation with Gender.","authors":"Dabota Yvonne Buowari, Andrew Igho Joe, Ibi Erekosima","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Learning styles have been investigated and classified by several scholars. One of such investigations is the Gender of the individual which can affect learning style. This study investigated the difference in the means of learning styles and its correlation with gender among community health officer trainees at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a correlational descriptive study, and a census was carried out. A structured questionnaire was utilized and a VARK learning style inventory was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reliability of the research instrument using the Cronbach alpha method, the VARK learning style questionnaire had a reliability coefficient of .755, for the subscales visual .455, aura .351, read/write, and kinaesthetic .753. With 60 respondents the means were visual 2.633, aura 4.2833, read/write 3.7500, and kinaesthetic 5.1833 while the standard deviation is visual 1.765, aura 2.429, read/write 2.53534, and kinaesthetic 2.88474. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted to assess the means of the four learning styles concerning gender. The F ratios for the univariate analysis show that males and females did not differ across the four learning styles according to VARK (aural, visual, kinaesthetic, and read/write learning styles), significantly i.e. p < 0,05. Precisely the computed F = .032, P >.05, i.e., p = .859, i.e., p = .859 revealed that no statistical difference occurred between males and females with visual learning styles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that community health officer trainees possessed different learning styles and most of them used the kinaesthetic learning style. However, the community health officer trainees were significantly different in their responses to the learning style model according to the VARK inventory of learning styles, but no relationship existed between learning style and gender.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"303-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and Clinical Profile of Haemodialysis Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease in a Northern Nigerian Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Patterns and Outcomes.","authors":"Muhammad Abdulrasheed, Mohammed Bello Armiyau, Yusuf Nadabo Abdullahi, Maryam Kuso Nuhu","doi":"10.71480/nmj.v66i1.660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i1.660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge with increasing prevalence and substantial impacts on healthcare systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Limited access to resources for managing CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in these regions exacerbates mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for effective and accessible healthcare strategies. This study examines CKD prevalence, management practices, and outcomes across various populations, with a focus on the challenges faced in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study utilized a retrospective, observational design to examine patient records from the haemodialysis unit at Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial General Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The research focused on the sociodemographic, clinical, and dialysis-related characteristics of patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2019 and October 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CKD prevalence has significantly increased worldwide, with ESRD incidence notably in our centre. Access to dialysis varied greatly, with low-resource settings struggling to meet demand, contributing to poorer outcomes. In Africa, studies show that less than 10% of patients who needed dialysis accessed it. Additionally, CKD patients in lower-income regions often present with advanced diseases due to inadequate screening and preventive care. High mortality rates were linked to limited access to early treatment and a lack of government support for subsidizing renal care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a pressing need to improve CKD prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment in resource-limited settings to reduce the burden of ESRD. Increased government investment, enhanced screening programs, and sustainable funding models for dialysis were essential to mitigate the impact of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of Asthma control using the Asthma control test in patients at the University Hospital, Agadir, Morocco.","authors":"Youness Essaid, Fatiha Bounoua, Selma Abdala, Latifa Adarmouch, Hind Serhane","doi":"10.60787/nmj.v65i6.420","DOIUrl":"10.60787/nmj.v65i6.420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is a common chronic disease, and asthma control is the major therapeutic objective, thus ensuring a good health-related quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the level of asthma control in a sample of asthmatic patients followed in allergology consultation during our training using the asthma control test (ACT) and its correlation with other parameters.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study of 66 asthmatic patients who were followed in pulmonology consultation at Agadir University Hospital after completing the asthma control test questionnaire over 6 months (June to December 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age of the patients ranged from 17 to 76 years, with an average age of 41.36 +/- 13.31 years. There was a predominance of females in this sample, representing 54.5% of the patients against 45.5% of males. All patients were on inhaled corticosteroid therapy (ICS) (as monotherapy in 25.8% of cases and in combination with a long-acting beta-2 mimetic (LABA) in 74.2% of cases). 60.6% of the patients were from low socioeconomic levels, of which 28.8% were from rural areas. 22.7% of the participants were illiterate. Allergic rhinitis was found in 66.6% of patients and allergic conjunctivitis in 45.5%. Active smoking was found in 16.7% of cases. Obesity was found in 10 patients (15.2% of cases). According to the ACT, asthma was totally controlled in 37.9% of cases and partially controlled in 43.9% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The level of asthma control found in this study was lower compared to other populations. The study also showed that better ACT scores and asthma control correlated with higher socioeconomic levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"1026-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}