Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Difficult-to-Treat Anxiety: A Neurocomputational Framework.","authors":"Martin P Paulus, Murray B Stein","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety disorders, affecting approximately 1 in 9 individuals globally, impose significant socioeconomic and health burdens, with many individuals failing to achieve symptom remission despite standard treatments. Difficult-to-treat anxiety (DTA) encompasses a broad spectrum of persistent anxiety disorders that remain refractory to conventional interventions, necessitating a shift from rigid response-based criteria to a mechanistically driven framework that integrates computational psychiatry and systems neuroscience. Dysregulated approach-avoidance decision making, where heightened punishment sensitivity, inflexible belief updating, and uncertainty misestimation drive persistent avoidance behaviors and reinforce maladaptive anxiety cycles, is central to DTA. Computational modeling of reinforcement learning tasks reveals exaggerated Pavlovian biases and impaired exploratory learning, while predictive processing models highlight overestimation of threat and rigidity in safety learning, perpetuating chronic anxiety. Neural dysfunction in default mode and negative affective networks, characterized by hyperstable attractor states in the amygdala and impaired top-down regulation by the prefrontal cortex, further sustains maladaptive anxiety states. Novel interventions that target these dysfunctions-such as neuromodulation, precision pharmacotherapy, and personalized digital therapeutics-offer potential breakthroughs in managing DTA. In this review, we synthesize current evidence on computational, neural, and behavioral mechanisms that underlie DTA and propose an integrative, process-targeted approach to assessment and treatment. Future research must refine biomarker-driven subtyping and individualized interventions, moving beyond trial-and-error approaches toward mechanistically informed precision psychiatry for persistent anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limbic-Sensorimotor Tug of War for the Hippocampus: Dynamic Functional Connectivity as a Transdiagnostic Vulnerability Marker in Offspring of Patients With Emotion Dysregulation.","authors":"Luigi F Saccaro, Farnaz Delavari, Ben Meuleman, Nader Perroud, Dimitri Van De Ville, Camille Piguet","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a key transdiagnostic symptom in several psychiatric disorders such as borderline personality disorder, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. These disorders, defined herein as ED disorders (EDDs), share similarities in symptoms, comorbidity, and heritability, emphasizing the importance of a transdiagnostic approach to identify markers of vulnerability to EDDs in high-risk populations, such as the offspring of patients with an EDD (EDDoff). The hippocampus, central to ED, exhibits alterations across EDDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a state-of-the-art approach (micro-coactivation patterns [μCAPs]) to study the transdiagnostic dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of hippocampal subregions from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of 201 participants (74 patients with an EDD, 57 EDDoff, 70 healthy control participants). μCAPs provide a data-driven differentiation within the seed region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>dFC between the sensorimotor network (SMN) and the hippocampal body was lower in patients with EDDs (false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected p = .0002) and in EDDoff (p_FDR = .01) than in control participants, with EDDoff displaying an intermediate pattern between patients with EDDs and control participants. dFC between the limbic network (LN) and the hippocampal head was higher in patients with EDDs than in control participants (p_FDR = .01) and EDDoff (p_FDR = .01). A negative correlation was found between ED and the SMN (p_FDR = .01), indicating increasing ED with decreasing SMN dFC with the hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased dFC between the hippocampal head and the LN, at the expense of the SMN, may represent a marker of disease in patients with EDDs. Lower dFC between the SMN and the hippocampal body may represent a marker of vulnerability to EDDs in EDDoff that is correlated with ED. Such a transdiagnostic construct represents a clinically relevant target for early interventions aimed at reducing vulnerability to EDDs in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus Subregions Relates to Emotional and Sensory-Perceptual Properties of Intrusive Trauma Memories.","authors":"Quentin Devignes, Kevin J Clancy, Boyu Ren, Yara Pollmann, Justin T Baker, Isabelle M Rosso","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trauma-related intrusive memories (TR-IMs) are core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prior research links reexperiencing symptoms with resting-state functional coupling between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right hippocampus (HPC). However, prior work has not examined whether this negative coupling relates to TR-IMs or has differentiated between the anterior and posterior HPC (aHPC/pHPC). This study examined relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with resting-state negative coupling between the right dlPFC and right aHPC/pHPC in symptomatic trauma-exposed individuals with TR-IMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (N = 109; 88 female) completed 2 weeks of ecological momentary assessments capturing TR-IM frequency and properties (intrusiveness, emotional intensity, vividness, visual properties, and reliving). Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, participant-specific 4-mm spheres were placed at the right dlPFC voxel most anticorrelated with the right aHPC/pHPC. Quasi-Poisson and linear mixed-effect models assessed relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with right dlPFC-right aHPC/pHPC anticorrelation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TR-IM emotional intensity was positively associated with right dlPFC-aHPC connectivity, while vividness and visual properties correlated with right dlPFC-pHPC connectivity. These associations remained significant after controlling for PTSD symptom severity and time since trauma. No significant associations emerged between TR-IM frequency, intrusiveness, or reliving and anticorrelation with either hippocampal subregion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the neural correlates of TR-IMs, highlighting the relevance of intrinsic negative coupling between the right dlPFC and aHPC/pHPC to their phenomenology. Further research on this circuit could advance understanding of component processes of trauma reexperiencing, a severe and treatment-refractory PTSD symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable Multimodal Brain Signatures Predict Mental Health Outcomes in Children.","authors":"Kathryn Y Manning, Alberto Llera, Catherine Lebel","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interindividual brain differences likely precede the emergence of mood and anxiety disorders; however, the specific brain alterations remain unclear. While many studies focus on a single imaging modality in isolation, recent advances in multimodal image analysis allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex neurobiology that underlies mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a large population-based cohort of children from the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) Study (N > 10,000), we applied data-driven linked independent component analysis to identify linked variations in cortical structure and white matter microstructure that together predict longitudinal behavioral and mental health symptoms. Brain differences were examined in a subsample of twins depending on the presence of at-risk behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two multimodal brain signatures at ages 9 to 10 years predicted longitudinal mental health symptoms from 9 to 12 years, with small effect sizes. Cortical variations in association, limbic, and default mode regions linked with peripheral white matter microstructure together predicted higher depression and anxiety symptoms across 2 independent split-halves. The brain signature differed between depression and anxiety symptom trajectories and related to emotion regulation network functional connectivity. Linked variations of subcortical structures and projection tract microstructure variably predicted behavioral inhibition, sensation seeking, and psychosis symptom severity over time in male participants. These brain patterns were significantly different between pairs of twins discordant for self-injurious behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate reliable, multimodal brain patterns in childhood, before mood and anxiety disorders tend to emerge, that lay the foundation for long-term mental health outcomes and offer targets for early identification of children at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Profiles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation in Children With Externalizing Disorders Are Associated With Alterations in Striatocortical Connectivity.","authors":"Joseph Aloi, Tahlia E Korin, Olivia K Murray, Kathleen I Crum, Katherine LeFevre, Mario Dzemidzic, Leslie A Hulvershorn","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with externalizing disorders often have difficulties with impulsivity (IMP) and emotion regulation (ER). These constructs have been associated with dysfunction in the recruitment of reward-processing circuits and striatal connectivity with cortical networks. However, it is unclear to what extent co-presentations of IMP and ER are associated with differences in striatocortical connectivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In study 1, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted in a sample of 198 youths with externalizing disorders (oppositional defiant disorder and/or conduct disorder) to investigate co-presentation of IMP and ER symptoms. Participants completed the UPPS Impulsivity Scale (UPPS) and the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC). LPA was applied to the subscales of the UPPS and ERC. In study 2, we examined 169 participants who completed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to examine differences in striatocortical connectivity between profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPA identified 3 profiles: moderate IMP/moderate ER, high IMP/low ER, and high IMP/moderate ER. The 2 high IMP profiles were associated with greater connectivity between the posterior caudate nucleus and parietal cortex. The high IMP/low ER profile was associated with increased connectivity between the anterior caudate and anterior insula.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current data indicate that the profiles associated with high IMP are associated with greater caudate-parietal cortex connectivity, while the profile associated with high IMP and impaired ER showed increased anterior caudate-anterior insular cortex connectivity. The current work contributes to the literature by examining the relationship between heterogeneity of externalizing symptoms and functional connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Altered Anticipation as a Transdiagnostic Target Through Computational Psychiatry.","authors":"Pradyumna Sepúlveda, Ines Aitsahalia, Krishan Kumar, Tobias Atkin, Kiyohito Iigaya","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anticipation of future experiences is a crucial cognitive function impacted in various psychiatric conditions. Despite significant research advancements, the mechanisms that underlie altered anticipation remain poorly understood, and effective targeted treatments are largely lacking. In this review, we propose an integrated computational psychiatry approach to addressing these challenges. We begin by outlining how altered anticipation presents across different psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and eating disorders, and summarizing the insights that have been gained from extensive research using self-report scales and task-based neuroimaging despite notable limitations. Then, we explore how emerging computational modeling approaches, such as reinforcement learning and anticipatory utility theory, could overcome these limitations and offer deeper insights into underlying mechanisms and individual variations. We propose that integrating these interdisciplinary methodologies can offer comprehensive transdiagnostic insights, aiding the discovery of new therapeutic targets and advancing precision psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Alterations in Superficial White Matter Associated With Anhedonia and Suicidal Ideation in Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Yichen Zhang, Guorong Wu, Sara De Witte, Chris Baeken","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by impaired emotional and cognitive functions. Previous studies have focused on the long-range white matter bundles within the deep white matter connecting distant cortices. Less is known about the superficial white matter (SWM), which consists of short bundles connecting adjacent and precise cortices. Therefore, we investigated the differences in SWM between patients with MDD and healthy control participants (HCs) and its relationship with core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Probabilistic tractography was used to generate the SWM bundles in 62 antidepressant-free patients with MDD and 77 HCs. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) were used to compare the microstructural differences of SWM between the 2 groups. Correlations were calculated between the diffusion metrics in the SWM showing significant between-group differences and core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HCs, patients with MDD showed DTI metric changes in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal-occipital cortices. For the NODDI metrics, patients with MDD showed a lower neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal cortices. Here, the neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting prefrontal-insula regions was significantly negatively correlated with anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Patients with MDD displayed a higher orientation dispersion index in the SWM bundles connecting parietal, occipital, and posterior cingulate cortices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWM plays a crucial role in the neuropathology of MDD. The decreased neurite density in the SWM connecting prefrontal-insula regions may underlie anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, NODDI metrics may offer more specific detection of SWM microstructural abnormalities than DTI metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone Administration Increases the Computational Impact of Social Evaluation on the Updating of State Self-Esteem.","authors":"Jixin Long, Junsong Lu, Yang Hu, Philippe N Tobler, Yin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High self-esteem promotes well-being and buffers against anxiety. However, state self-esteem (SSE) is not stable but rather is dynamically updated based on evaluations received from others. Particularly in men, decreased SSE is related to aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms. A critical physiological mechanism that underlies these associations may involve a sex hormone, testosterone. However, the causal relationship between testosterone and the process of updating SSE in men remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-participants design. First, we administered a single dose (150 mg) of testosterone or placebo gel to healthy young men (N = 120). Subsequently, the participants completed a social evaluation task in which they adjusted their prediction of potential evaluation by others and dynamically reported their SSE based on the social feedback they received. Meanwhile, we applied a computational modeling approach to investigate the dynamic changes in their SSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exogenous testosterone significantly influenced the participants' expectation of receiving positive social feedback from raters with different approval rates and separately amplified the changes in average SSE when the participants received positive or negative feedback from the raters. Even more importantly, computational modeling showed that the participants who received testosterone (vs. the placebo) assigned a higher weight to expected social feedback and social prediction errors when updating their SSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings provide potential clinical implications for combining exogenous testosterone with interventions aimed at enhancing SSE through positive social feedback as a preclinical treatment for aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria and Cognition: An [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF Positron Emission Tomography Study of Mitochondrial Complex I Levels and Brain Activation During Task Switching.","authors":"Ekaterina Shatalina, Thomas Whitehurst, Ellis Chika Onwordi, Alexander Whittington, Ayla Mansur, Atheeshaan Arumuham, Tiago Reis Marques, Roger N Gunn, Sridhar Natesan, Matthew M Nour, Eugenii A Rabiner, Matthew B Wall, Oliver D Howes","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial complex I is the largest enzyme complex in the respiratory chain and can be noninvasively measured using [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF positron emission tomography (PET). Neurological conditions associated with mitochondria complex I pathology are also associated with altered blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response and impairments in cognition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial complex I levels, cognitive function, and associated neural activity during task switching in healthy humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cognitively healthy adults (N = 23) underwent [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF PET scans and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a task-switching exercise. Task performance metrics included switch cost and switching accuracy. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and partial least squares regression (PLS-R).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significant positive associations between [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF volume of distribution (V_T) and the task-switching fMRI response (β = 3.351, SE = 1.01, z = 3.249, p = .001). Positive Pearson's correlations between [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF V_T and the fMRI response were observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (r = 0.61, p = .0019), insula (r = 0.46, p = .0264), parietal precuneus (r = 0.51, p = .0139), and anterior cingulate cortex (r = 0.45, p = .0293). [¹⁸F]BCPP-EF V_T across task-relevant regions was associated with task switching accuracy (PLS-R, R² = 0.48, root mean square error [RMSE] = 0.154, p = .011) and with switch cost (PLS-R, R² = 0.38, RMSE = 0.07, p = .048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher mitochondrial complex I levels may underlie an individual's ability to exhibit a stronger BOLD response during task switching and are associated with better task-switching performance. This provides the first evidence linking the BOLD response with mitochondrial complex I and suggests a possible biological mechanism for the aberrant BOLD response in conditions associated with mitochondrial complex I dysfunction that should be tested in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State Cortical Network and Subcortical Hyperconnectivity in Youth With Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the ABCD Study.","authors":"Sam A Sievertsen, Jinhan Zhu, Angela Fang, Jennifer K Forsyth","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) frequently emerges during childhood or adolescence, yet few studies have examined functional connectivity differences in youth with GAD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of adults with GAD have implicated multiple brain regions; however, frequent examination of individual brain seed regions and/or networks has limited a holistic view of GAD-associated differences. The current study therefore used resting-state fMRI data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to investigate connectivity in youths with GAD across multiple cortical networks and subcortical regions implicated in adult GAD, considering diagnosis changes across 2 assessment periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 164 youths with GAD and 3158 healthy control participants, within- and between-network connectivity for 6 cortical networks and 6 subcortical regions was assessed using linear mixed-effect models. Changes in GAD-associated connectivity between baseline and 2-year follow-up were then compared for participants with continuous GAD, GAD at baseline and not follow-up (GAD remitters), and GAD at follow-up and not baseline (GAD converters) versus control participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youths with GAD showed greater within-ventral attention network (VAN) connectivity and hyperconnectivity between the amygdala and cingulo-opercular network and between striatal regions and the cingulo-opercular, default mode, and salience networks (false discovery rate p < .05). Within-VAN connectivity decreased for GAD remitters between baseline and follow-up. Sensitivity analyses revealed that these hyperconnectivity patterns were not observed in youths with major depressive disorder (n = 19), separation anxiety (n = 33), or social anxiety disorder (n = 111) who did not have GAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that GAD in childhood and adolescence is associated with altered subcortical to cortical network connectivity and that within-VAN hyperconnectivity, in particular, is associated with clinically significant GAD-specific symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}