Resting State Cortical Network and Subcortical Hyperconnectivity in Youth With Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the ABCD Study.

Sam A Sievertsen, Jinhan Zhu, Angela Fang, Jennifer K Forsyth
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Abstract

Introduction: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) frequently emerges during childhood or adolescence, yet, few studies have examined functional connectivity differences in youth GAD. Functional MRI studies of adult GAD have implicated multiple brain regions; however, frequent examination of individual brain seed regions and/or networks has limited a holistic view of GAD-associated differences. The current study therefore used resting-state fMRI data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study to investigate connectivity in youth with GAD across multiple cortical networks and subcortical regions implicated in adult GAD, considering diagnosis changes across two assessment periods.

Methods: Within- and between-network connectivity in 164 youth with GAD and 3158 healthy controls for 6 cortical networks and 6 subcortical regions was assessed using linear mixed effect models. Changes in GAD-associated connectivity between baseline and 2-year follow-up were then compared for subjects with: continuous GAD, GAD at baseline and not follow-up (GAD-remitters), GAD at follow-up and not baseline (GAD-converters), and controls.

Results: Youth with GAD showed greater within-ventral attention network (VAN) connectivity, and hyperconnectivity between the amygdala and cingulo-opercular network, and between striatal regions and the cingulo-opercular, default mode, and salience networks (FDR p<0.05). Within-VAN connectivity decreased for GAD-remitters between baseline and follow-up. Sensitivity analyses revealed that these hyperconnectivity patterns were not observed in major depressive disorder (n=19), separation anxiety (n=33), or social anxiety disorder (n=111) without GAD.

Discussion: Results indicate that GAD in childhood and adolescence is associated with altered subcortical to cortical network connectivity, and that within-VAN hyperconnectivity, in particular, is associated with clinically-significant GAD-specific symptoms.

ABCD研究中青少年广泛性焦虑障碍的静息状态皮质网络和皮质下超连通性。
广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)经常出现在儿童或青少年时期,然而,很少有研究调查了青少年GAD的功能连接差异。成人广泛性焦虑症的功能性MRI研究涉及多个脑区;然而,频繁检查单个脑种子区和/或网络限制了对gad相关差异的整体看法。因此,本研究使用了来自青少年大脑认知发展研究的静息状态fMRI数据,研究了与成人广泛性焦虑症相关的多个皮质网络和皮质下区域在青少年广泛性焦虑症患者中的连通性,并考虑了两个评估期的诊断变化。方法:采用线性混合效应模型对164名广泛性焦虑症青年和3158名健康对照者6个皮质网络和6个皮质下区域的网络内和网络间连通性进行评估。然后比较基线和2年随访期间GAD相关连通性的变化:连续GAD,基线和非随访时的GAD (GAD缓解者),随访和非基线时的GAD (GAD转换者)和对照组。结果:患有广泛性焦虑症的青少年表现出更大的腹侧注意网络(VAN)连通性,杏仁核和扣谷-眼网络之间,纹状体区域和扣谷-眼网络之间,默认模式和显著性网络之间的超连通性(FDR p)。结果表明,儿童期和青春期广泛性焦虑症与皮层下到皮层网络连通性的改变有关,尤其是van内的超连通性与临床显著的广泛性焦虑症特异性症状有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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