Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Mapping neuroinflammation with diffusion-weighted MRI: randomized crossover study.","authors":"Julia R Plank, Catherine A Morgan, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Frederick Sundram, Nicholas R Hoeh, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Joanne C Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pathophysiology of neuroinflammation in psychiatric conditions remains poorly understood, highlighting the need for non-invasive tools that can measure neuroinflammation in vivo. We explored advanced diffusion-weighted MRI techniques for detection of low-level neuroinflammation induced by typhoid vaccine, with potential applications to psychiatric disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty healthy volunteers (10 males, median age 34, range 18-44 years) participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design study. Participants underwent MRI before and after receiving placebo or vaccine in alternating sessions, separated by a washout period. Diffusion tensor (multi-shell and single-shell), diffusion kurtosis, and neurite orientation density and dispersion imaging parameter maps were generated. Probabilistic tractography investigated differences in tract volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) of the tracts. Thirteen tracts and 15 regions were analyzed using a region-of-interest approach entered into linear mixed models to evaluate treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A treatment effect was observed on white matter tracts derived from XTRACT, with a global reduction in MD (p=.040). White matter tracts-of-interest showed increased axial kurtosis (p<.001) while grey matter regions-of-interest demonstrated increased mean and radial kurtosis (both p=.038). Additionally, several correlations were found between the inflammatory marker interleukin (IL)-6 and diffusion parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that diffusion-weighted MRI may be sensitive to inflammation-induced microstructural changes in the brain. Future studies should integrate complementary techniques and clinical assessments to deepen our understanding of inflammatory pathophysiology and its implications for health outcomes in clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel neural activity profiles underlying inhibitory control deficits of clinical relevance in ADHD - insights from EEG tensor decomposition.","authors":"Negin Gholamipourbarogh, Veit Roessner, Annet Bluschke, Christian Beste","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts cognitive control processes. While neurophysiological data (e.g., EEG data) have provided valuable insights into its underlying mechanisms, fully understanding the altered cognitive functions in ADHD requires advanced analytical approaches capable of capturing the highly dimensional nature of neurophysiological data more effectively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined N=59 individuals with ADHD and N=63 neurotypical participants using a standard Go/Nogo task to assess response inhibition. We used EEG tensor decomposition to extract spectral, temporal, spatial and trial-level features associated with inhibitory control deficits in ADHD. The trial-level features capture intra-individual variability which is then used in a machine learning analysis to differentiate individuals with ADHD from neurotypical participants. We also applied a feature selection algorithm to identify the most important features for distinguishing between the two groups in the classification process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed typical response inhibition deficits in ADHD. Contrary to common assumptions, fronto-central theta band activity did not appear to be the most distinguishing EEG feature between ADHD and neurotypical individuals. Instead, the most important distinguishing features are tensor components reflecting posterior alpha band activity during attentional selection time windows and posterior theta band activity during response selection and control time windows.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified novel neurophysiological facets of response inhibition in ADHD, enabling the classification of ADHD and neurotypical individuals. Our findings suggest that ADHD-related deficits emerge early during attentional selection and persist through response control stages. The findings underscore the need to refine conceptions about neural peculiarities in ADHD and adapt clinical interventions targeting inhibitory control deficits accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reward Sensitivity in Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist and Antagonist Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: An Observational Study.","authors":"Martin Trøstheim, Mads Lund Pedersen, Siri Leknes, Lennja Majid Hama, Mathias Nikolai Roland, Philipp Paul Lobmaier, Kristin Klemmetsby Solli, Bente M Weimand, Lars Tanum, Marie Eikemo","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disrupted reward processing is a core component in neurobiological theories of addictions, including opioid use disorder (OUD). While acute opioid agonist and antagonist administration can modulate reward behavior and experiences, it remains unclear how typical long-term OUD treatment with these medications impact patients' sensitivity to substance-free rewards. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study of reward sensitivity in opioid agonist- and antagonist-treated OUD patients, and healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six OUD patients on extended-release naltrexone (n=45) or opioid agonists (n=51) and 50 healthy volunteers completed a probabilistic reward task (PRT) and self-report measures of anhedonia, depression, preoccupation with immediate consequences, substance craving and life satisfaction in a single session. We used signal detection analysis and drift diffusion modeling to derive behavioral reward bias measures from PRT performance. Group differences were modeled with beta and linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients reported significantly greater anhedonia (Cohen's ds≥0.64), depression (ds≥0.53) and preoccupation with immediate consequences (ds≥0.54) than heathy volunteers, but differences between naltrexone- and opioid agonist-treated patients were non-significant (ds≤0.26). Group differences in behavioral reward bias were small and non-significant (ps=1, BF₀₁s≥84.13). Anhedonia was significantly associated with lower life satisfaction (OR [95% CI]=1.10 [1.04, 1.17]). There were no other significant associations between reward sensitivity measures and life satisfaction or craving (ps≥0.31, BF₀₁s≥2.58).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data support an association between OUD and reduced well-being irrespective of opioid agonist or antagonist treatment, highlighting patients' need for psychosocial support and/or adjunct interventions. Major detrimental effects of naltrexone treatment on well-being seem unlikely from these and previous results.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence, severity, and functional associations of incomplete hippocampal inversion in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.","authors":"David Roalf, Ally Atkins, Adam Czernuszenko, Margaret K Pecsok, Donna M McDonald-McGinn, J Eric Schmitt, Maxwell J Roeske, Sarah Hopkins, Phoebe Freedman, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Jenna Schabdach, Benjamin Jung, T Blaine Crowley, R Sean Gallagher, Daniel E McGinn, Paul J Moberg, Kosha Ruparel, Russell T Shinohara, Bruce I Turetsky, Lauren White, Elaine H Zackai, Ruben C Gur, Raquel E Gur","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hippocampus is smaller and functionally disrupted in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), though the cause remains unclear. During gestational weeks 20-30 an inversion in the dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis occurs. This process can go awry resulting in incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI). In the general population, IHI is more common in the left hemisphere than the right; yet its prevalence, severity, and functional impact in 22q11DS remain unexplored. Investigating IHI in 22q11DS could uncover morphological hippocampal abnormalities linked to neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 3T structural MRI data, the presence and severity of IHI were assessed in 22q11DS (n=108) and healthy comparison (HC; n=633) individuals. Total and subregional hippocampal volume, psychopathology, and hippocampal-based memory were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IHI prevalence was significantly higher in 22q11DS compared to HC in both the left (63% vs. 30%, p<0.001) and right hemispheres (29% vs. 8%, p<0.001). IHI severity was also greater in 22q11DS (p<0.001) bilaterally. IHI influenced hippocampal volume differences, with left IHI primarily affecting the head (p<0.01) and tail (p<0.001) and right IHI affecting only the tail (p<0.001). In exploratory analyses within 22q11DS, left IHI presence was linked to poorer face memory (p<0.05) but not psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight a high prevalence of hippocampal morphological alterations in 22q11DS, which are associated with memory performance. Earlier developmental and longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the role of IHI in 22q11DS sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning training as a cognitive restructuring intervention.","authors":"Agnes Norbury, Quentin Dercon, Tobias U Hauser, Raymond J Dolan, Quentin J M Huys","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A core part of cognitive therapy for low mood is learning to identify and challenge negative beliefs. However, it is currently unclear whether improved ability to recognise such beliefs, and the biased interpretations of events which may maintain them, is a mechanism of symptom change during treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the effects of completing a learning task (training to identify and select self-enhancing interpretations of events) and a brief cognitive restructuring intervention (how exploring alternative explanations of events may result in improved mood) on causal attribution tendencies. Studies were conducted online using randomized-controlled experimental designs (N=200 &N=164), and data were analysed using hierarchical Bayesian models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that both learning training and the restructuring intervention decreased tendencies to make unhelpful attributions and increased tendencies to make self-enhancing attributions. Across two studies, changes in attribution tendencies were associated with higher learning rates during learning training, an effect specific to learning about different kinds of event attribution. Contrary to expectation, we found no evidence that faster learning was associated specifically to changes in attribution tendencies following cognitive restructuring. Since participants with higher learning rate estimates also provided explicit ratings and free-text descriptions of event causes which were closer to the ground truth, we interpret this as representing a greater benefit of learning training in individuals who were better able to understand the task state space.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We suggest that personalized training, in conjunction with feedback based on interpretable computational model output, may provide a useful form of augmentation or learning support tool during therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The desegregation of neural networks during worry induction in late-life-an effective connectivity analysis.","authors":"Andrew R Gerlach, Helmet T Karim, Kevin Kahru, Dana L Tudorascu, James J Gross, Meryl A Butters, Carmen Andreescu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe worry is a core component of anxiety and depressive disorders and is independently associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the neural basis of worry is poorly understood. We investigated effective connectivity (EC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of a naturalistic worry induction and reappraisal task in late-life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>112 participants age >50 years with varying worry severity completed a personalized, in-scanner worry induction and reappraisal task. We calculated voxel-wise EC in neutral, worry, and reappraisal conditions with generalized psychophysiological interactions using seeds in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsal ACC, and left and right amygdalae, and used paired t-tests to compare conditions. We assessed clusters for association with in-scanner worry severity using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the worry condition, EC increased between the subgenual ACC and the default mode network (DMN) and major hubs of the executive control and salience networks. Left amygdala EC to the posterior cingulate also increased during worry, and dorsal ACC connectivity to primary sensory and motor regions decreased. Reappraisal reduced subgenual and dorsal ACC EC observed during worry and the EC between the left amygdala and regions of the dorsal attention network. Broadly, left amygdala EC was robustly associated with in-scanner worry severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Worry induction robustly engaged the DMN and increased connectivity with other high-order associative networks, potentially subsuming cortical resources. Reappraisal reduced these connectivities and disengaged the amygdala from areas associated with top-down attention. These findings could inform targets for neuromodulatory treatment of severe worry in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically informed disassortative brain morphometric similarities revealing suicide risk in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Ting Wang, Li Xue, Zhongpeng Dai, Junneng Shao, Wei Zhang, Yan Rui, Zhilu Chen, Tingting Xiong, Zhijian Yao, Qing Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortical structure alterations in bipolar disorder (BD) have consistently been reported in association with suicide with high heritability. Currently, multifaceted genetic landscape responsible for replicable neuroanatomical alterations with suicidal effects is poorly explored to develop personalized risk assessments in clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anatomically informed suicidal effects quantified with morphometric similarity network (MSN) upon structural MRI was evaluated in two independent BD cohorts consisted of patients with or without suicide attempt (SA and NSA) (discovery: 63 BD-SAs72 BD-NSAs with 6 potential suicide-related SNPs examined in 46 BD-SAs55 BD-NSAs; replication: 23 BD-SAs23 BD-NSAs) and 119 healthy controls. In discovery study, transcriptomic and neurotransmitter correlates of suicide-relevant MSN deficits were examined by partial least squares regression on Allen Human Brain Atlas and dominance analysis on 9 distinct neurotransmitter systems. Molecularly informed MSN deficits were orthogonally validated by estimating genetic risks from targeted SNP genotyping utilizing a multi-level mediation analysis. Reproducible pattern of genetically decoding suicide-relevant MSN changes was validated in replication study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Opioid receptor was consistently suggested to be responsible for the reproducible suicide-relevant MSN alterations identified in entorhinal and left lateral occipital cortices. MSN deficits of entorhinal cortex positively mediated the effects of genetic risks of OPRM1 on suicide attempted (portion of mediated = 61.3%, β=6.99e-2, p=.02, 95% CI = [3.34e-2, 0.11]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal cytoarchitecture communities, especially maladaptive changes in neuronal communication between entorhinal cortex and reward circuit regulated by opioid receptors reflected by enhanced morphometric similarities could mediate the effect on increased suicidal tendencies involved in OPRM1 gene variants in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant aversive learning signals in the habenula in remitted patients with recurrent depression.","authors":"Jessica M de Klerk-Sluis, Hanneke Geugies, Roel J T Mocking, Caroline A Figueroa, Paul F C Groot, Jan-Bernard C Marsman, Philip F P van Eijndhoven, Dirk E M Geurts, Henricus G Ruhé","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypersensitivity to punishment is one of the core features of major depressive disorder. Hypersensitivity to punishment has been proposed to originate from aberrant aversive learning. One of the key areas in aversive learning is the habenula. Although evidence for dysfunctional aversive learning in depressed patients is well established, it remains largely unexplored whether this dysfunction and its neural correlates persists during symptomatic remission of depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Functional MRI data from 36 medication-free remitted patients with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) and 27 healthy control subjects participating in a Pavlovian classical conditioning task, were assessed within a computational modeling framework to evaluate temporal difference related activation of the habenula during aversive learning. Furthermore, generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses were performed to assess functional connectivity of the temporal difference signal with the habenula as an a priori region of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to healthy controls, patients showed significantly increased temporal difference related aversive learning activation in the bilateral habenula. This activation was correlated with residual symptoms in the remitted MDD group. Furthermore, patients exhibited decreased functional connectivity between the habenula and the ventral tegmental area compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increased habenula activity during aversive learning, particularly during the expectation of punishment, along with decreased functional habenula-ventral tegmental area connectivity in remitted MDD patients, reflect hypersensitivity to, and/or inability to regulate, the impact of aversive environmental cues and punishment.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NTR3768.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer Learning of Deep Neural Networks Pretrained using the ABCD Dataset for General Psychopathology Prediction in Korean Adolescents.","authors":"Jundong Hwang, Jae-Eon Kang, Soohyun Jeon, Kyung Hwa Lee, Jae-Won Kim, Jong-Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines whether a deep neural network (DNN), trained to predict the general psychopathology factor (p-factor) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from adolescents in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, generalizes to Korean adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We trained a scanner-generalization neural network (SGNN) to predict p-factor scores from resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) data of 6,905 ABCD adolescents, controlling for MRI scanner-related confounds. We then transferred the pretrained SGNN to a DNN to predict p-factor scores for 125 adolescents, including healthy individuals and those with major depressive disorder, using data from Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH). We compared the transferred DNN's performance with that of kernel ridge regression (KRR) and a baseline DNN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transferred DNN outperformed KRR (0.17 ± 0.16; 0.60 ± 0.07) and the baseline DNN (0.17 ± 0.16; 0.69 ± 0.11), achieving a higher Pearson's correlation coefficient (0.29 ± 0.18) and lower mean absolute error (0.59 ± 0.09; p < 0.005). We identified the default mode network (DMN) and visual network (VIS) as crucial functional networks (FNs) for predicting p-factors across both datasets. The dorsal attention network was specific to ABCD, while the cingulo-opercular and ventral attention networks were specific to SNUH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transferred SGNN successfully generalized to Korean adolescents. Altered RSFC in the DMN and VIS may serve as promising biomarkers for p-factor prediction across diverse populations, addressing heterogeneity in demographics, diagnoses, and MRI scanner characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic Neurobiology of Social Cognition and Individual Variability as Measured by Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.","authors":"Soroush Bagheri, Ju-Chi Yu, Julia Gallucci, Vinh Tan, Lindsay D Oliver, Erin W Dickie, Ayesha G Rashidi, George Foussias, Meng-Chuan Lai, Robert W Buchanan, Anil K Malhotra, Aristotle N Voineskos, Stephanie H Ameis, Colin Hawco","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) is a validated measure of resting-state spontaneous brain activity. Previous fALFF findings in autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) have been highly heterogeneous. We aimed to use fALFF in a large sample of typically developing control (TDC), autistic, and SSD participants to explore group differences and relationships with inter-individual variability of fALFF maps and social cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FALFF from 495 participants (185 TDC, 68 autism, and 242 SSD) was computed using functional magnetic resonance imaging as signal power within two frequency bands (i.e., slow-4 and slow-5), normalized by the power in the remaining frequency spectrum. Permutation analysis of linear models was employed to investigate the relationship of fALFF with diagnostic groups, higher-level social cognition, and lower-level social cognition. Each participant's average distance of fALFF map to all others was defined as a variability score, with higher scores indicating less typical maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower fALFF in the visual and higher fALFF in the frontal regions were found in both SSD and autistic participants compared with TDCs. Limited differences were observed between autistic and SSD participants in the cuneus regions only. Associations between slow-4 fALFF and higher-level social cognitive scores across the whole sample were observed in the lateral occipitotemporal and temporoparietal junction. Individual variability within the autism and SSD groups was also significantly higher compared with TDC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar patterns of fALFF and individual variability in autism and SSD suggest some common neurobiological features across these related heterogeneous conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}