Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Intrinsic functional connectivity of right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus subregions relates to emotional and sensory-perceptual properties of intrusive trauma memories.","authors":"Quentin Devignes, Kevin J Clancy, Boyu Ren, Yara Pollmann, Justin T Baker, Isabelle M Rosso","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trauma-related intrusive memories (TR-IMs) are core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prior research links reexperiencing symptoms with resting-state functional coupling between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right hippocampus. However, prior work has not examined whether this negative coupling relates to TR-IMs, nor differentiated between the anterior and posterior hippocampus (aHPC/pHPC). This study examined relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with resting-state negative coupling between the right dlPFC and right aHPC/pHPC in symptomatic trauma-exposed individuals with TR-IMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (N=109; 88 female) completed two weeks of ecological momentary assessments capturing TR-IM frequency and properties (intrusiveness, emotional intensity, vividness, visual properties, and reliving). Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, participant-specific 4-mm spheres were placed at the right dlPFC voxel most anticorrelated with the right aHPC and pHPC. Quasi-Poisson and linear mixed-effects models assessed relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with right dlPFC-right aHPC and pHPC anticorrelation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TR-IM emotional intensity was positively associated with right dlPFC-aHPC connectivity, while vividness and visual properties correlated with right dlPFC-pHPC connectivity. These associations remained significant after controlling for PTSD symptom severity and time since trauma. No significant associations emerged between TR-IM frequency, intrusiveness, or reliving, and anticorrelation with either hippocampal subregion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the neural correlates of TR-IMs, highlighting the relevance of intrinsic negative coupling between the right dlPFC and aHPC/pHPC to their phenomenology. Further research on this circuit could advance understanding of component processes of trauma reexperiencing, a severe and treatment-refractory PTSD symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable multimodal brain signatures predict mental health outcomes in children.","authors":"Kathryn Y Manning, Alberto Llera, Catherine Lebel","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inter-individual brain differences likely precede the emergence of mood and anxiety disorders, however, the specific brain alterations remain unclear. While many studies focus on a single imaging modality in isolation, recent advances in multimodal image analysis allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex neurobiology that underlies mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a large population-based cohort of children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (N > 10K), we applied data-driven linked independent component analysis to identify linked variations in cortical structure and white matter microstructure that together predict longitudinal behavioural and mental health symptoms. Brain differences were examined in a sub-sample of twins depending on the presence of at-risk behaviours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two multimodal brain signatures at age 9-10y predicted longitudinal mental health symptoms from 9-12y, with small effect sizes. Cortical variations in association, limbic and default mode regions linked with peripheral white matter microstructure together predicted higher depression and anxiety symptoms across two independent split-halves. The brain signature differed amongst depression and anxiety symptom trajectories and related to emotion-regulation network functional connectivity. Linked variations of subcortical structures and projection tract microstructure variably predicted behavioural inhibition, sensation seeking, and psychosis symptom severity over time in male participants. These brain patterns were significantly different between pairs of twins discordant for self-injurious behaviour.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate reliable, multimodal brain patterns in childhood, before mood and anxiety disorders tend to emerge, that lay the foundation for long-term mental health outcomes and offer targets for early identification of children at-risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Profiles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation in Children with Externalizing Disorders are Associated with Alterations in Striatocortical Connectivity.","authors":"Joseph Aloi, Tahlia E Korin, Olivia K Murray, Kathleen I Crum, Katherine LeFevre, Mario Dzemidzic, Leslie A Hulvershorn","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Children with externalizing disorders (EDs) often have difficulties with impulsivity and emotion regulation. These constructs have been associated with dysfunction in the recruitment of reward processing circuits and striatal connectivity with cortical networks. However, it is unclear to what extent co-presentations of impulsivity and emotion regulation are associated with differences in striatocortical connectivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Study 1, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted in a sample of 198 youths with EDs (Oppositional Defiant Disorder and/or Conduct Disorder) to investigate co-presentation of impulsivity and emotion regulation symptoms. Participants completed the UPPS Impulsivity Scale (UPPS) and the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC). LPA was applied to the subscales of the UPPS and ERC. In Study 2, we examined 169 participants who completed a resting state fMRI scan to examine differences in striatocortical connectivity between profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPA identified three profiles: Moderate Impulsivity (IMP)/Moderate Emotion Regulation, High IMP/Low Emotion Regulation (ER), and High IMP/Moderate Emotion Regulation. The two High IMP profiles were associated with greater connectivity between the posterior caudate nucleus and parietal cortex. The High IMP/Low ER profile was associated with increased connectivity between the anterior caudate and anterior insula.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The current data indicate that the profiles associated with high impulsivity are associated with greater caudate-parietal cortex connectivity while the profile associated with high impulsivity and impaired emotion regulation showed increased anterior caudate-AIC connectivity. The current work contributes to the literature by examining the relationship between heterogeneity of externalizing symptoms and functional connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Altered Anticipation as a Transdiagnostic Target through Computational Psychiatry.","authors":"Pradyumna Sepúlveda, Ines Aitsahalia, Krishan Kumar, Tobias Atkin, Kiyohito Iigaya","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anticipation of future experiences is a crucial cognitive function impacted in various psychiatric conditions. Despite significant research advancements, the mechanisms underlying altered anticipation remain poorly understood, and effective targeted treatments are largely lacking. This review proposes an integrated computational psychiatry approach to address these challenges. We begin by outlining how altered anticipation presents across different psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders and eating disorders, and summarizing the insights gained from extensive research using self-report scales and task-based neuroimaging, despite notable limitations. We then explore how emerging computational modeling approaches, such as reinforcement learning and anticipatory utility theory, could overcome these limitations and offer deeper insights into underlying mechanisms and individual variations. We propose that integrating these interdisciplinary methodologies can offer comprehensive transdiagnostic insights, aiding the discovery of new therapeutic targets and advancing precision psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural alterations in superficial white matter associated with anhedonia and suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Yichen Zhang, Guorong Wu, Sara De Witte, Chris Baeken","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by impaired emotional and cognitive functions. Previous studies have focused on the long-range white matter bundles within the deep white matter connecting distant cortices. Less is known about the superficial white matter (SWM), which consists of short bundles connecting adjacent and precise cortices. We therefore investigated the differences in SWM between MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and its relationship with core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Probabilistic tractography was used to generate the SWM bundles in 62 antidepressant-free MDD patients and 77 HCs. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) were used to compare the microstructural differences of SWM between two groups. correlations were calculated between the diffusion metrics in the SWM showing significant between-group differences and core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HCs, MDD patients showed DTI metric changes in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal-occipital cortices. For the NODDI metrics, MDD patients showed lower neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal cortices. Here, the neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting prefrontal-insula regions was significantly negatively correlated with anhedonia and suicidal ideation. MDD patients displayed higher orientation dispersion index in the SWM bundles connecting parietal, occipital and posterior cingulate cortices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWM plays a crucial role in the neuropathology of MDD. The decreased neurite density in the SWM connecting prefrontal-insula regions may underlie anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, NODDI metrics may offer more specific detection of SWM microstructural abnormalities than DTI metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone administration increases the computational impact of social evaluation on the updating of state self-esteem.","authors":"Jixin Long, Junsong Lu, Yang Hu, Philippe N Tobler, Yin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High self-esteem promotes well-being and buffers against anxiety. However, state self-esteem (SSE) is not stable but dynamically updated based on evaluations received from others. Particularly in men, decreased SSE are related to aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms. A critical physiological mechanism underlying these associations could involve a sexual hormone, testosterone. However, the causal relationship between testosterone and the process of updating SSE in men remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-participants design. First, we administered a single dose (150 mg) of testosterone or placebo gel to healthy young men (n = 120). Subsequently, the participants completed a social evaluation task in which they adjusted prediction of potential evaluation by others and dynamically reported their SSE based on the social feedback they received. Meanwhile, we applied a computational modeling approach to investigate the dynamic changes in their SSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exogenous testosterone significantly influenced the participants' expectation of receiving positive social feedback from raters with different approval rates and separately amplified the changes in average SSE when the participants received positive or negative feedback from the raters. Even more importantly, computational modeling showed that the participants who received testosterone (versus the placebo) assigned a higher weight to expected social feedback and social prediction errors when updating their SSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings provide potential clinical implications for combining exogenous testosterone with interventions aimed at enhancing SSE through positive social feedback as a pre-clinical treatment for aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Phenotyping of Effort-Based Decision Making in Unmedicated Adults with Remitted Depression.","authors":"Manuel Kuhn, Emma H Palermo, Guillaume Pagnier, Jacob M Blank, David C Steinberger, Yinru Long, Genevieve Nowicki, Jessica A Cooper, Michael T Treadway, Michael J Frank, Diego A Pizzagalli","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reduced motivation is an core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Yet, the extent to which this deficit persists in remitted MDD (rMDD) remains unclear. Here, we examined effort-based decision-making as one aspect of amotivation in rMDD using computational phenotyping to characterize decision-making processes and strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unmedicated adults with rMDD (N=40) and healthy controls (HCs, N=68) completed the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT). Repeated-measures ANOVA and computational modeling-including hierarchical drift diffusion modeling (DDM) and subjective value modeling (SVM)]-were applied to quantify decision-making dynamics in effort allocation across different reward magnitudes and probabilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to HCs, rMDD individuals made overall fewer hard task choices, with an attenuated effect when accounting for anhedonia. However, specific to high reward, high probability conditions, rMDD individuals chose to expend effort more often than HCs. This was supported by the DDM results revealing that rMDD individuals showed a drift rate biased toward selecting the easy task, counteracted by heightened influence of reward probability and magnitude. Probed with SVM, this was not driven by group differences in decision strategies with respect to magnitude and probability information utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, these findings suggest that while individuals with rMDD exhibit persistent motivational deficits, they retain a heightened sensitivity to high-value rewards, requiring more substantial or certain rewards to engage in effortful tasks. This pattern may reflect impairments in reward processing and effort-cost computations, contributing to motivational dysfunction. Targeting reward sensitivity and effort allocation could be valuable for interventions aimed at preventing MDD relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria Make You Think: An [18F]BCPP-EF Positron Emission Tomography Study of Mitochondrial Complex I Levels and Brain Activation during Task Switching.","authors":"Ekaterina Shatalina, Thomas Whitehurst, Ellis Chika Onwordi, Alexander Whittington, Ayla Mansur, Atheeshaan Arumuham, Tiago Reis Marques, Roger N Gunn, Sridhar Natesan, Matthew M Nour, Eugenii A Rabiner, Matthew B Wall, Oliver D Howes","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial complex I is the largest enzyme complex in the respiratory chain and can be non-invasively measured using [18F]BCPP-EF positron emission tomography (PET). Neurological conditions associated with mitochondria complex I pathology are also associated with altered blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response and impairments in cognition. This study aims to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial complex I levels, cognitive function, and associated neural activity during task switching in healthy humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cognitively healthy adults (n=23) underwent [18F]BCPP-EF PET scans and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a task-switching exercise. Task performance metrics included switch cost and switching accuracy. Data were analysed using linear mixed-effects models and partial least squares regression (PLS-R).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significant positive associations between [18F]BCPP-EF VT and the task-switching fMRI response (β=3.351, SE=1.01, z=3.249, p=0.001). Positive Pearson's correlations between [18F]BCPP-EF VT and the fMRI response were observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (r=0.61, p=0.0019), insula (r=0.46, p=0.0264) parietal-precuneus (r=0.51, p=0.0139) and anterior cingulate cortex (r=0.45, p=0.0293). [18F]BCPP-EF VT across task-relevant regions was associated with task switching accuracy (PLS-R, R2=0.48, RMSE=0.154, p=0.011) and with switch cost (PLS-R, R2=0.38, RMSE=0.07, p=0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher mitochondrial complex I levels may underlie an individual's ability to exhibit a stronger BOLD response during task switching and are associated with better task-switching performance. This provides the first evidence linking the BOLD response with mitochondrial complex I and suggests a possible biological mechanism for aberrant BOLD response in conditions associated with mitochondrial complex I dysfunction that should be tested in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting State Cortical Network and Subcortical Hyperconnectivity in Youth With Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the ABCD Study.","authors":"Sam A Sievertsen, Jinhan Zhu, Angela Fang, Jennifer K Forsyth","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) frequently emerges during childhood or adolescence, yet, few studies have examined functional connectivity differences in youth GAD. Functional MRI studies of adult GAD have implicated multiple brain regions; however, frequent examination of individual brain seed regions and/or networks has limited a holistic view of GAD-associated differences. The current study therefore used resting-state fMRI data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study to investigate connectivity in youth with GAD across multiple cortical networks and subcortical regions implicated in adult GAD, considering diagnosis changes across two assessment periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within- and between-network connectivity in 164 youth with GAD and 3158 healthy controls for 6 cortical networks and 6 subcortical regions was assessed using linear mixed effect models. Changes in GAD-associated connectivity between baseline and 2-year follow-up were then compared for subjects with: continuous GAD, GAD at baseline and not follow-up (GAD-remitters), GAD at follow-up and not baseline (GAD-converters), and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youth with GAD showed greater within-ventral attention network (VAN) connectivity, and hyperconnectivity between the amygdala and cingulo-opercular network, and between striatal regions and the cingulo-opercular, default mode, and salience networks (FDR p<0.05). Within-VAN connectivity decreased for GAD-remitters between baseline and follow-up. Sensitivity analyses revealed that these hyperconnectivity patterns were not observed in major depressive disorder (n=19), separation anxiety (n=33), or social anxiety disorder (n=111) without GAD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Results indicate that GAD in childhood and adolescence is associated with altered subcortical to cortical network connectivity, and that within-VAN hyperconnectivity, in particular, is associated with clinically-significant GAD-specific symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}