Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Larger Neural Responses to Reward in Gambling Disorder: Relationships with Depression and Gambling Severity.","authors":"Maria Kryza-Lacombe, Samantha V Abram, Marc N Potenza, R Scott Mackin, Ken J Lau, Spero C Nicholas, Judith M Ford, Steven L Batki, Daniel H Mathalon, Susanna L Fryer","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For most people, gambling is a type of entertainment that engages pleasure, risk, and reward drives. However, some individuals develop gambling disorder (GD), a behavioral addiction involving continued gambling despite negative consequences. Disturbances in reward neurocircuitry have been implicated in GD, but are not well-characterized, including how neural alterations relate to clinical symptomatology of GD and commonly co-occurring presentations such as depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EEG was recorded while participants with GD (n=26) and comparison subjects (HCs=54) completed a slot machine task. Event-related potential components (ERPs) reflecting reward anticipation (stimulus preceding negativity: SPN) and reward outcome evaluation (reward positivity: RewP; late positive potential: LPP) were assessed. Within GD, we examined associations between reward ERPs and a clinical summary score that reflected greater problem-gambling and depressive symptoms, and lower global functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to HCs, GD participants had larger (more negative) SPN amplitudes to possible wins vs. total-miss losses (t=2.45, p=.017), equivalent RewP amplitudes, and higher LPP amplitudes (F=9.08, p=.003) to both wins (t=2.90, p=.004) and near-miss losses (t=2.69, p=.004). More severe clinical symptomatology covaried with more negative SPN amplitudes (Spearman's rho=-.523, p=.021, FDR-corrected), but not with RewP or LPP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with GD show larger neural responses during reward anticipation (SPN) and late-stage processing of reward outcomes (LPP). Exaggerated neural responses during reward anticipation are most pronounced among individuals with more severe clinical symptomatology. These findings suggest that excessive reward anticipation as well as heightened salience to outcomes, regardless of valence, are potential mechanisms underlying GD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encoding-retrieval similarity reveals distinct neural reinstatement of safety memories following counterconditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Elizabeth A Bauer, Samuel E Cooper, Nicole E Keller, Josh M Cisler, Joseph E Dunsmoor","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by deficits in the ability to retrieve extinction memories, likely contributing to symptom relapse over time. Adapting a hybrid Pavlovian conditioning and episodic memory paradigm, we examined whether counterconditioning produces a more stable and persistent long-term neural memory trace of safety, as compared to standard extinction, in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) - a region associated with the learning and retrieval of safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants consisted of 32 individuals (27 female) meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD and 21 healthy (13 female) comparison participants. Participants completed a multiday Pavlovian conditioning and episodic memory paradigm with standard extinction/counterconditioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In healthy adults, we identified overlapping multivariate patterns of fMRI activity in the vmPFC associated with the formation and 24-hour retrieval of stimuli that underwent counterconditioning, but neural reinstatement diminished after ∼1-month. This pattern was reversed in PTSD, such that neural reinstatement of counterconditioning was not observed the day after safety learning, but did emerge a month later. Interestingly, PTSD participants showed reinstatement of standard extinction memories in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)-a region associated with learning and retrieval of threat-both 24-hours and 1-month after safety learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results provide the first evidence that counterconditioning might stabilize a long-term safety memory trace in PTSD. These effects seem to emerge over longer time scales, suggesting that counterconditioning could be an effective strategy for sustained treatment gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered striatal functional gradients in obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Lachlan Webb, Luke Hearne, Ye E Tian, Andrew Zalesky, Conor Robinson, Caitlin V Hall, Saurabh Sonkusare, Bjorn Burgher, Michael Breakspear, Garance M Meyer, Andreas Horn, Sebastien Naze, Philip Mosley, Luca Cocchi","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with functional alterations in how the striatum interacts with the rest of the brain. However, the characterization of these changes in OCD is incomplete. Mapping functional striatal gradients provides a new opportunity to fill this knowledge gap. These gradients provide a spatial representation of continuous changes in whole-brain connectivity within striatal regions. Thus, OCD-related differences in striatal gradients imply changes in the functional organisation of striatal connections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We calculated spatial striatal gradients linked to whole brain activity in 52 people with OCD and 45 controls. Gradients were computed with individuals at rest and when they underwent a threat-safety reversal task. Using a longitudinal dataset of 47 people with OCD, we investigated possible associations between changes in striatal gradient topology and fluctuations in symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed group differences in the main gradient topology at rest, specifically in striatal regions overlapping with the putamen and caudate. Individuals showing a reduction in symptoms over time tended to change their gradient topology in favour of the control participants' average topology. Finally, gradients linked to the appraisal of safety-reversal, but not threat-reversal, showed a group difference in a region separating the right nucleus accumbens and the putamen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study advances knowledge of striatal connectivity profiles in OCD, supporting a core role of distinct changes in striatal topology in the expression of symptoms. Collectively, these results encourage studies assessing neural mechanisms driving the dynamic reorganisation of striatal topology and the development of therapies leveraging striato-cortical plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural covariance of early visual cortex is negatively associated with PTSD symptoms: A Mega-Analysis from the ENIGMA PTSD workgroup.","authors":"Nathaniel G Harnett, Soumyaa Joshi, Poornima Kumar, Courtney Russell, Daniel G Dillon, Justin T Baker, Diego A Pizzagalli, Milissa L Kaufman, Lisa N Nickerson, Neda Jahanshad, Lauren E Salminen, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Jessie L Frijling, Dick J Veltman, Saskia B J Koch, Laura Nawijn, Mirjam van Zuiden, Ye Zhu, Gen Li, Jonathan Ipser, Xi Zhu, Orren Ravid, Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Amit Lazarov, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Delin Sun, Ahmed Hussain, Ashley A Huggins, Tanja Jovanovic, Sanne J H van Rooij, Negar Fani, Anna R Hudson, Anika Sierk, Antje Manthey, Henrik Walter, Nic J A van der Wee, Steven J A van der Werff, Robert R J M Vermeiren, Pavel Říha, Lauren A M Lebois, Isabelle M Rosso, Elizabeth A Olson, Israel Liberzon, Mike Angstadt, Seth G Disner, Scott R Sponheim, Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz, David Hofmann, Rongfeng Qi, Adi Maron-Katz, Austin Kunch, Hong Xie, Wissam El-Hage, Hannah Berg, Steven E Bruce, Katie A McLaughlin, Matthew Peverill, Kelly Sambrook, Marisa Ross, Ryan J Herringa, Jack B Nitschke, Richard J Davidson, Terri A deRoon-Cassini, Carissa W Tomas, Jacklynn M Fitzgerald, Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Bunmi O Olatunji, Steven M Nelson, Evan M Gordon, Maria Densmore, Jean Théberge, Richard W J Neufeld, Miranda Olff, Li Wang, Dan J Stein, Yuval Neria, Jennifer S Stevens, Sven C Mueller, Judith K Daniels, Ivan Rektor, Anthony King, Nicholas D Davenport, Thomas Straube, Guangming Lu, Amit Etkin, Xin Wang, Yann Quidé, Shmuel Lissek, Josh Cisler, Daniel W Grupe, Christine Larson, Brandee Feola, Geoffrey May, Chadi G Abdallah, Ruth Lanius, Paul M Thompson, Rajendra A Morey, Kerry Ressler","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying robust neural signatures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is important to facilitate precision psychiatry and help in understanding and treatment of the disorder. Emergent research suggests structural covariance of early visual regions is associated with later PTSD development. However, large-scale analyses are needed - in heterogeneous samples of trauma-exposed and trauma naive individuals - to determine if such a neural signature is a robust marker of vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the ENIGMA-PTSD dataset (n = 2,814) and the Human Connectome Project - Young Adult (HCP-YA) dataset (n = 890) to investigate whether structural covariance of early visual cortex is associated with either PTSD symptoms or perceived stress. Structural covariance was derived from a multimodal pattern previously identified in recent trauma survivors, and participant loadings on the profile were included in linear mixed effects models to evaluate associations with stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early visual cortex covariance loadings were negatively associated with PTSD symptoms in the ENIGMA-PTSD dataset. The relationship persisted when accounting for prior childhood maltreatment; supporting PTSD symptom specificity, no relationship was observed with depressive symptoms and no association was observed between loadings and perceived stress measures in the HCP-YA dataset.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Structural covariance of early visual cortex was robustly associated with PTSD symptoms across an international, heterogeneous sample of trauma survivors. Future studies should aim to identify specific mechanisms that underlie structural alterations in the visual cortex to better understand posttrauma psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutamatergic modulation of brain function in psychosis: A systematic review of neuroimaging studies.","authors":"Ioana Varvari, Lara Bolte, Chiara Colli, Valentina Mancini, Matthew M Nour, Philip McGuire, Robert A McCutcheon","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aberrant dopamine and glutamate signalling are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Existing treatments primarily target dopamine pathways underlying positive symptoms but have relatively little effect on cognitive and negative symptoms. Glutamatergic modulators may treat the latter symptom domains, and neuroimaging studies have the potential to identify therapeutic mechanisms. We conducted a systematic review to examine functional neuroimaging studies of glutamatergic modulators in psychosis, and determine whether these agents alter brain activity, chemistry, or functional connectivity, and if such changes map onto clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024549120), Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to June 2024 for studies administering pharmacologic glutamate modulators to individuals with psychosis, employing functional neuroimaging (1H-MRS, fMRI, ASL, PET, EEG, or MEG). Twenty-seven articles met inclusion criteria, encompassing 841 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence from ¹H-MRS suggests that sarcosine, N-Acetylcysteine, and Riluzole reduce glutamate concentrations in frontal and hippocampal regions, but no clinical outcomes investigated. Resting-state and task-based fMRI studies suggest that NMDAR modulators may normalise measures of functional dysconnectivity, though effects were often short-lived and did not always correspond to sustained symptom improvements. Similarly, EEG studies consistently identified normalisation of mismatch negativity and gamma oscillations, but correlations with symptom or cognitive outcomes were inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While glutamatergic modulators show measurable effects on brain chemistry and electrophysiology, the relationship to robust, durable clinical benefits remains elusive. Future work should employ larger, longer duration, and multimodal imaging studies to clarify the precise mechanisms, optimal dosing, and patient subgroups most likely to benefit from glutamatergic interventions in psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in infant attention-related brain networks and fearful temperament.","authors":"Courtney A Filippi, Alice Massera, Jiayin Xing, Hyung G Park, Emilio Valadez, Jed Elison, Dana Kanel, Daniel S Pine, Nathan A Fox, Anderson Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety disorders may partly stem from altered neurodevelopment of attention-related networks. Neonatal alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) among the dorsal attention (DAN); frontal parietal (FPN); salience (SN); and default mode networks (DMN)) relate to fearful temperament, a risk marker for anxiety. Nevertheless, little research examines development of these networks beyond the first months of life, particularly in fearful infants. This study examines how changes in these networks in the first two years of life relate to fearful temperament.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Baby Connectome Project (from 180 infants across 396 sessions), we conducted independent components analysis to extract rsFC among the DMN, SN, DAN, and FPN. Longitudinal modeling characterized 1) age-related changes (slope) in rsFC through age two; 2) relations between rsFC change (slope) and fearfulness at age 2; 3) relations between rsFC and fearfulness trajectories (slope and intercept) over the first two years of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age-related decreases occurred in rsFC in DAN - FPN and DMN - SN. Smaller decreases in DAN - FPN rsFC over time related to greater fear at age 2, and to increases in fearfulness over time. High initial DAN-FPN rsFC and low initial DAN - SN rsFC also related to increasing fearfulness over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first evidence that changes in attention-related brain networks are related to early-life fearfulness, a robust early-life risk marker of anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parsing Autism Heterogeneity: Transcriptomic Subgrouping of Imaging-Derived Phenotypes in Autism.","authors":"Johanna Leyhausen, Caroline Gurr, Lisa M Berg, Hanna Seelemeyer, Bassem Hermila, Tim Schäfer, Andreas G Chiocchetti, Charlotte M Pretzsch, Eva Loth, Bethany Oakley, Jan K Buitelaar, Christian F Beckmann, Tony Charman, Thomas Bourgeron, Eli Barthome, Tobias Banaschewski, Emily Jh Jones, Declan Murphy, Christine Ecker","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism, are highly heterogeneous both at the mechanistic and phenotypic level. Parsing heterogeneity is therefore vital for uncovering underlying processes that could inform the development of targeted, personalized support. The study aimed to parse heterogeneity in autism by identifying subgroups that converge at both phenotypic and molecular levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An imaging-transcriptomics approach was used to link neuroanatomical imaging-derived phenotypes in autism to whole-brain gene expression signatures provided by the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Neuroimaging and clinical data of N=359 autistic participants aged 6-30 years were provided by the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project. Individuals were stratified using data-driven clustering techniques based on the correlation between brain phenotypes and transcriptomic profiles. The resulting subgroups were characterized on the clinical, neuroanatomical, and molecular level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three subgroups of autistic individuals based on the correlation between imaging-derived phenotypes and transcriptomic profiles which showed different clinical phenotypes. The individuals with the strongest transcriptomic associations to imaging-derived phenotypes showed the lowest level of symptom severity. The genesets most characteristic for each subgroup were significantly enriched for genes previously implicated in autism etiology, including processes like synaptic transmission and neuronal communication, and mapped onto different gene ontology categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Autistic individuals can be sub-grouped based on the transcriptomic signatures associated with their neuroanatomical fingerprints, revealing subgroups that show differences in clinical measures. The study presents an analytical framework for linking neurodevelopmental and clinical diversity in autism to underlying molecular mechanisms, thus highlighting the need for personalized support strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of deep brain stimulation and dopaminergic therapy on intrinsic preference for free choice in patients with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"David Bendetowicz, Gizem Temiz, Nicolas Tempier, Elodie Hainque, Marie-Laure Welter, Virginie Czernecki, Brian Lau, Carine Karachi, Jérôme Munuera","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Humans prefer to make choices freely, even when doing so does not maximize future outcomes, suggesting that free choice is intrinsically rewarding. While value-based decision impairments are well documented in Parkinson's disease (PD), the mechanisms underlying intrinsically motivated behavior remain unclear. This study investigates how the dopaminergic and basal ganglia systems contribute to intrinsic reward in PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a decision-making task to dissociate the intrinsic value of free choice from extrinsic reward. Twenty PD patients with subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) and twenty-five on dopamine (DA) therapy completed the task both ON and OFF treatment. Performance was compared to twenty age-matched healthy controls. We analyzed DBS electrode contacts, modeled activated tissue volumes, and examined cortico-subthalamic connectivity using high-resolution diffusion MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PD patients OFF STN-DBS showed reduced preference for free choice, which increased when STN-DBS was ON. This effect was associated with recruitment of the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Acute ON/OFF DA therapy did not alter free-choice preference. However, patients with lower chronic DA doses-comparable to those in the DBS group-exhibited reduced free-choice preference compared to those with higher chronic intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>STN-DBS enhances free-choice preference by modulating the right mPFC-STN network, suggesting that this hyperdirect pathway influences intrinsic valuation of choice. These results indicate that STN-DBS promotes self-determined behavior even in risky contexts. Furthermore, chronic dopaminergic therapy may influence sensitivity to intrinsic reward.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Behavioral Impairment and Cortical Thinning: Biomarkers of Early Neurodegeneration.","authors":"Yi Jin Leow, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Ashwati Vipin, Pricilia Tanoto, Rasyiqah Binte Shaik Mohamed Salim, Bocheng Qiu, Zahinoor Ismail, Nagaendran Kandiah","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild Behavioral Impairment(MBI) is increasingly recognized as an early phenotypic marker of neurodegeneration, characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms(NPS) emerging prior to overt cognitive decline. While structural neuroimaging studies link cortical thinning with NPS, the relationship between MBI and cortical morphology remains underexplored in diverse, community-based cohorts. This study investigated whether early behavioral alterations, assessed via the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist(MBI-C), correlate with region-specific cortical thinning in a Southeast Asian cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 969 participants (mean age 61.99±10.19years;39.6% male;87.2%Chinese) from the Biomarkers and Cognition Study in Singapore(BIOCIS), spanning cognitively normal, subjective cognitive decline(SCD), and mild cognitive impairment(MCI). MBI was assessed using self-reported MBI-C. Cortical thickness was measured using T1-weighted MRI scans processed with FreeSurfer. Associations between cortical thinning and MBI-C total and subdomain scores were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher scores on the MBI-C Belief subdomain were significantly associated with cortical thinning in the right hemisphere(β=-0.0177;95%CI:-0.0342to-0.0012;P=0.035). Region-specific analyses showed temporal lobe thinning in the posterior superior temporal sulcus, fusiform gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, and transverse temporal gyrus, and associations remained significant after false discovery rate(FDR) correction(P=0.042-0.045). Additional cortical thinning was observed in the right postcentral gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and insula(FDR P≤0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated MBI, particularly abnormal beliefs, is linked to cortical thinning in regions subserving memory, sensory integration, and emotional regulation predominantly in the right hemisphere. These findings highlight the potential of MBI-C as an early neurodegenerative marker. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify temporal dynamics and mechanisms underlying behavioral symptoms and neurodegenerative processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}