Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the link between a prior for active avoidance and apathy, anhedonia, and depression - a network analysis.","authors":"Tobias Granwald, Federico Triolo, Máté Lengyel, Peter Dayan, Marc Guitart-Masip","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Learned helplessness has been suggested as a mechanism through which anhedonia in depression is developed. It has been theorised that this stems from a generalised pessimistic prior belief about the probability of success when attempting to actively avoid negative outcomes, thereby resulting in apathy and reduced motivation. Yet, how such a prior may relate to depression and apathy is unknown. Here, we leveraged a novel method based on cognitive tasks and Bayesian modelling to extract a reliable generalised prior expressing the probability with which negative outcomes are expected to be actively avoidable.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We quantified this prior in 521 non-clinical participants. We then used Bayesian network analysis to explore how the prior's mean relates to total scores of the PHQ-9 depression scale, specific items of the PHQ-9, and six subscales measuring apathy, motivation, and emotional reactivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the mean of the prior is positively related to the tendency to get motivated to initiate and maintain goal-directed actions, as measured with the Apathy Motivation Index (AMI) and not hedonic capacity as measured by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. Moreover, the same reverse-coded behavioural apathy subscale in the AMI was related to the total score of the PHQ-9 independently of hedonic capacity. Finally, the prior belief was itself not directly linked to depressive symptoms or total scores of the PHQ-9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that our behavioural measure of helplessness is indirectly related to depressive symptoms through behavioural activation and independently of hedonic capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood adversity is associated with longitudinal white matter changes after adulthood trauma.","authors":"Tianyi Li, Megan E Huibregtse, Timothy D Ely, Sanne J H van Rooij, Lauren A M Lebois, E Kate Webb, Tanja Jovanovic, Stacey L House, Steven E Bruce, Francesca L Beaudoin, Xinming An, Thomas C Neylan, Gari D Clifford, Sarah D Linnstaedt, Kenneth A Bollen, Scott L Rauch, John P Haran, Alan B Storrow, Christopher Lewandowski, Paul I Musey, Phyllis L Hendry, Sophia Sheikh, Christopher W Jones, Brittany E Punches, Lauren A Hudak, Jose L Pascual, Mark J Seamon, Elizabeth M Datner, Claire Pearson, David A Peak, Roland C Merchant, Robert M Domeier, Niels K Rathlev, Brian J O'Neil, Paulina Sergot, Leon D Sanchez, John F Sheridan, Ronald C Kessler, Karestan C Koenen, Kerry J Ressler, Samuel A McLean, Jennifer S Stevens, Nathaniel G Harnett","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood adversity is associated with susceptibility to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adulthood. PTSD and childhood adversity are linked to white matter microstructure, yet the role of white matter as a potential neural mechanism connecting childhood adversity to PTSD remains unclear. The present study investigated the potential moderating role of previous childhood adversity on longitudinal changes in white matter microstructure and posttraumatic stress symptoms following a recent traumatic event in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the AURORA Study, 114 recent trauma survivors completed diffusion weighted imaging at 2-weeks and 6-months after exposure. Participants reported on prior childhood adversity and PTSD symptoms at 2-weeks, 6-months, and 12-months post-trauma. We performed both region-of-interest (ROI) using fractional anisotropy (FA) and whole-brain correlational tractography using quantitative anisotropy (QA) analyses to index associations between white matter microstructure changes and prior adversity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROI-based analyses did not identify significant associations between childhood adversity and changes in FA. Whole-brain correlational tractography revealed that greater childhood adversity moderated the QA changes within threat and visual processing tracts including the cingulum bundle and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF). QA changes within cingulum bundle and IFOF were associated with changes in PTSD symptoms between 2-weeks and 6-months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest temporal variability in threat and visual white matter tracts may be a potential neural pathway through which childhood adversity confers risk to PTSD symptoms after adulthood trauma. Future studies should take the temporal properties of white matter into consideration to better understand the neurobiology of childhood adversity and PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of executive function following remission from major depression.","authors":"Maria Semkovska, Jelena Nikolic, Sigurd Dølven, Hanna Nygård Roth","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Executive function is significantly impaired during an acute episode of major depressive disorder (MDD). Following remission, executive deficits recede but whether they fully dissipate is unclear. Evidence is also mixed on the extent to which persisting deficits reflect decreased processing speed or a distinct executive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to systematically evaluate how executive function following MDD remission compares to normal function, specify the pattern and severity of persistent deficits, examine prespecified moderators' effects, and determine if processing speed explains observed executive dysfunctions. Electronic databases and relevant reviews were systematically searched for studies published from January 1^st, 1972, to April 23, 2024. Main outcome was the difference in test performance between MDD remitters and healthy controls. Effect sizes were calculated with random-effects models. Significant moderators of between-study variability were combined to identify the best goodness-of-fit model using multiple method of moments meta-regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-one variables from 244 studies (12814 MDD remitters; 10578 healthy controls) were meta-analysed. Significant deficits relative to controls were found in all but one speed-constrained executive tests, with effect sizes ranging from small (g=0.24) to large (g=0.86). Between-group differences became non-significant after controlling for processing speed. MDD remitters and controls had comparable performance on unconstrained by speed tests of executive function, except for auditory and spatial working memory where negligible (g=0.19) to small (g=0.31) deficits were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The executive dysfunction observed in auditory working memory, set-shifting, inhibition, planning, fluency and intellectual functioning following depression remission is largely explained by persistent impairment in processing speed.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Alters Limbic and Frontal Functional Brain Connectomes Among Young Adult Cannabis Users.","authors":"Zachary Anderson, Matthew Gunn, Emily Jones, Olusola Ajilore, K Luan Phan, Harriet de Wit, Heide Klumpp, Vince Calhoun, Natania A Crane","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis use among young adults has reached the highest levels ever recorded. Evidence indicates acute delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) disrupts brain connectivity. Few studies examine this on a whole-brain level. We examined the effects of a single moderate dose of THC on resting-state functional brain networks among young adult cannabis users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a within-subject, double-blind, randomized study, 33 healthy occasional cannabis users received THC (7.5mg, oral) and placebo before completing rsfMRI during peak intoxication. Group-information-guided independent-component-analysis was performed on resting-state brain data to identify whole-brain networks associated with each scan. Within-samples t-tests assessed for differences in intrinsic network functional connectivity and between network functional connectivity after THC vs. placebo. Additional linear models related brain connectivity, subjective drug effects, and past-month cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>THC reduced within-network intrinsic connectivity in corticostriatal circuits and other networks associated with sensory systems, interoceptive experiences, and spatial reasoning. THC reduced connectivity between two networks characterized by the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsal insula regions as well as the ventral insula and lingual gyrus respectively. Network connectivity during THC (vs. placebo) was not related to subjective measures of drug effect or recent cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings add to a growing literature showing THC decreases rsfMRI throughout the brain, impacting networks linked to the many behavioral and perceptual changes associated with THC. Future work is needed to extend these findings to clinical samples, and to assess the extent to which these networks are associated with negative outcomes of chronic THC use.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant White Matter Microstructure in Youth with a High Risk for Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Haoran Xu, Lu Lu, Corey R Jones, Luis R Patino, Xiao Li, Thomas J Blom, Lisha Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Manpreet K Singh, Melissa P DelBello","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advances in neuroimaging of bipolar disorder (BD) have highlighted key structural and functional abnormalities in prefrontal-limbic circuits. Youth with a family history of BD often experience early onset of mood symptoms that may increase their risk for developing BD. However, etiological mechanisms underlying this risk remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify white matter connectivity abnormalities by comparing regional microstructure in high-risk youth and healthy controls (HC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Depressed and/or anxious youth (n=108, age = 14.9±1.6) with a family history of BD but no prior antidepressant exposure and matched HC (n=45, age = 14.8±1.6) were recruited at two sites. Automated fiber quantification using Diffusion Tensor Imaging was used to calculate the diffusion properties of fiber tracks and identify microstructural abnormalities. Correlations between clinical ratings and diffusion properties that differed between groups were examined in high-risk youth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High-risk group showed higher fractional anisotropy in anterior thalamic radiation and corticospinal, higher axial diffusivity in anterior thalamic radiation, and lower mean diffusivity in corticospinal, lower radial diffusivity in corticospinal and callosum forceps minor compared with HC (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). Significant positive correlations between regional microstructural metrics and both the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale and the Children's Global Assessment Scale were observed in high-risk youth (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to healthy youth, youth at risk for BD have altered integrity in the white matter of callosum forceps minor, anterior thalamic radiation, and corticospinal tracts. Damage to these tracts may be a structural basis for impaired emotional regulation in high-risk youth and a potential target for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-Derived Markers of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Processes in the VTA Associated with Depression.","authors":"Sarah Khalife, Steffen Bollmann, Andrew Zalesky, Lena K L Oestreich","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with inflammation increasingly recognized as a contributing factor. Inflammatory processes can disrupt the brain's reward circuitry, particularly the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which is central to dopamine-mediated motivation and reward. This study investigates whether MRI-derived markers sensitive to neuroinflammation and microstructure in the VTA are associated with depression diagnosis and symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed diffusion weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping data from 32,495 UK Biobank participants, including 3,807 individuals with ICD-10 diagnosed depression. Metrics sensitive to neuroinflammation (free water [FW], isotropic volume fraction [ISOVF], magnetic susceptibility) and microstructure (intracellular volume fraction [ICVF], orientation dispersion index [ODI] volume) were extracted from the VTA. Group differences between the major depression group and BMI, sex, and age-matched healthy controls were assessed using ANOVAs and linear regression was used to predict acute symptom severity based on Recent Depressive Symptoms scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with depression diagnosis had significantly higher FW (p < 0.001) and ISOVF (p = 0.001) compared to HCs, indicating increased extracellular processes such as inflammation in the VTA. Lower ISOVF (β = -0.28, p = 0.033) and higher ICVF (β = 0.29, p = 0.017) and ODI (β = 0.4, p = 0.007) were associated with higher depression severity, independent of depressive diagnosis history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal distinct patterns of VTA microstructural changes associated with depression history versus acute depressive symptom severity, suggesting different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Distinct patterns of neuroinflammation may differentiate acute from chronic depression, informing targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amygdala and prefrontal cortex maturational differences in children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure.","authors":"Jamie Roeske, Xiangyu Long, Meaghan V Perdue, Madison Long, Bryce Geeraert, Mohammad Ghasoub, Keith Owen Yeates, Carly A McMorris, Jacqueline Pei, W Ben Gibbard, Christina Tortorelli, Catherine Lebel","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has widespread effects on brain development. Alterations to the maturational timing of the amygdala, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the white matter tracts connecting them may underlie behavioral differences, such as elevated risk-taking and impulsivity in youth with PAE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we used T1 and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate amygdala and PFC macrostructure (volume) and uncinate fasciculus and amygdala-PFC white matter tract microstructure (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity) development longitudinally in children and adolescents with PAE (n = 92 individuals (165 scans), ages 2-18 years) and unexposed participants (n = 148 individuals (606 scans), ages 2-17 years). We used generalized additive mixed effects models to examine age-related changes in volume, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children and adolescents with PAE showed no significant amygdala volume development across the age range, and, compared to their unexposed counterparts, had shorter and delayed PFC development, earlier uncinate fasciculus and more protracted amygdala-PFC tract development in our age range. Participants with PAE also had smaller amygdala and PFC volumes, higher fractional anisotropy, and lower mean diffusivity in both tracts than unexposed individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show altered maturational patterns in amygdala-PFC structures and circuitry among children and adolescents with PAE that suggest reduced brain plasticity. Differences in the developmental timing of these regions may underlie behavioral challenges, such as elevated risk-taking and impulsivity, in those with PAE.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Genetic Underpinnings of DTI-ALPS: A Genome-Wide Correlation Study and Implications for Brain Health.","authors":"Jiancheng Wu, Diaohan Xiong, XinYu Wang, Ruihua Zhu, Nana Liu, Zirui Wang, Xingyu Zhang, Meng Cheng, Zhixuan Liu, Siqi Wang, Qiang Xu, Jiayuan Xu, Junping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glymphatic system (GS) plays a central role in eliminating metabolic waste from human brain. Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) has emerged as a non-invasive biomarker for evaluating GS function. While decreased ALPS is consistently linked to impaired GS in various central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, the genetic architectures and neural mechanisms underlying ALPS and its role in maintaining brain health remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of ALPS was conducted in 31,579 participants from the UK Biobank. Genetic associations were identified using positional, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and chromatin mapping strategies. Gene set enrichment analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) were performed to characterize biological pathways and causal relationships between ALPS, brain phenotypes, and neurological disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GWAS identified 6 unique loci and 175 genes associated with ALPS. Gene enrichment analyses identified significant associations with brain morphogenesis, along with implications for and glymphatic system function and neurodegenerative pathways. Genetic and individual-level correlations linked ALPS to brain volume, cerebrospinal fluid-related imaging phenotypes, and cognitive metrics. MR demonstrated that genetically predicted lower ALPS increased the risk of multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study elucidates the genetic architecture of ALPS, a biomarker reflecting GS function, and its association with brain health. The findings highlight decreased ALPS as a potential risk factor for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing the importance of GS integrity in maintaining neurological health.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal antenatal depression and deviations from normative brain development in the offspring.","authors":"Klara Mareckova, Radek Marecek, Jana Klanova, Yuliya S Nikolova","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal mental health during pregnancy is important for optimal brain development in the offspring. Exposure to maternal depression in utero was associated with accelerated global cortical brain aging in young adulthood. However, it is not clear whether maternal antenatal depression (MAD) might also predict region-specific deviations from normative development of cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume in the offspring and whether they stay stable throughout the third decade of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two neuroimaging follow-ups of a prenatal birth cohort in young adulthood tested whether MAD might be associated with deviations from normative brain development in the offspring in the early and late 20s, as modeled using 37407 MRI images from individuals 3-90 years old (CentileBrain).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MAD predicted deviations from normative development of thalamus and nucleus accumbens but not other subcortical volumes, surface area, or cortical thickness. Women exposed to greater MAD showed a smaller thalamus and nucleus accumbens in both the early and late 20s than expected based on the age- and sex normative means. In contrast, men exposed to greater MAD showed no deviations from the development of the thalamus but a larger nucleus accumbens in the late 20s than expected based on the age- and sex normative means.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the importance of thalamus in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder and the critical role of nucleus accumbens in reward and motivation, the altered development of these subcortical structures might contribute to a higher risk of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major depressive disorder and serum inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of reward processing dysfunction in an American Indian sample.","authors":"Lizbeth Rojas, Eric Mann, Xi Ren, Danielle Bethel, Nicole Baughman, Kaiping Burrows, Rayus Kuplicki, Leandra K Figueroa-Hall, Robin L Aupperle, Jennifer L Stewart, Salvador M Guinjoan, Sahib S Khalsa, Jonathan Savitz, Martin P Paulus, Ricardo A Wilhelm, Neha A John-Henderson, Hung-Wen Yeh, Evan J White","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>American Indians (AI) experience chronic stressors which may be associated with disproportionate prevalence rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Stress affects mental health through increased inflammatory processes and has been associated with increased risk of MDD and disruptions to reward processing. This study investigated the role of inflammation in reward processing disruptions among AI individuals with lifetime MDD; a population at heightened risk due to chronic stressors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (n=73) completed a monetary incentive delay task during simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Blood samples were analyzed for pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor [TNF], interleukin-6 [IL-6], C-reactive protein [CRP]) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-10 [IL-10]) biomarkers. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) depression scale. Covariates were included and assessed from self-report measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analyses revealed that elevated TNF concentrations and sex were associated with reduced activation across subregions of the basal ganglia during gain anticipation. Similarly, TNF and CRP concentrations, as well as medication, were associated with reduced activation within basal ganglia subregions across loss anticipation. IL-10, IL-6, and P300 showed limited predictive value for neural responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that inflammation may contribute to reward processing disruptions by impairing striatal function amongst a sample with lifetime MDD. The observed associations underscore the importance of inflammation's potential role and association in the pathophysiology of MDD, particularly in contexts of chronic stress. This study highlights the need for addressing the disproportionate mental health burden among AI communities through a biopsychosocial approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}