Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Individualized Spectral Features in First-episode and Drug-naïve Major Depressive Disorder: Insights from Periodic and Aperiodic EEG Analysis.","authors":"Jiaxin Li, Dongsheng Xiong, Chenyang Gao, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhaobo Li, Jing Zhou, Yuping Ning, Fengchun Wu, Kai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The detection of abnormal brain activity plays an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies have shown that the decomposition of the electroencephalography (EEG) spectrum into periodic and aperiodic components is useful for identifying the drivers of electrophysiologic abnormalities and avoiding individual differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the pathologic changes in individualized periodic and aperiodic activities and their relationships with the symptoms of MDD. EEG data in the eyes-closed resting state were continuously recorded from 97 first-episode and drug-naïve patients with MDD and 90 healthy control (HC) participants. Both periodic oscillations and aperiodic components were obtained via the \"fitting oscillations and one-over f\" (FOOOF) algorithm and then used to compute individualized spectral features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MDD patients presented higher canonical alpha and beta band power but lower aperiodic-adjusted alpha and beta power. Furthermore, we found that alpha power was strongly correlated with the age of patients but not with disease symptoms. The aperiodic intercept was lower in the parietal‒occipital region and was positively correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score after accounting for age and sex. In the asymmetry analysis, alpha activity appeared asymmetrical only in the HC group, whereas aperiodic activity was symmetrical in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study provide insights into the role of abnormal neural spiking activity and impaired neuroplasticity in MDD progression and suggest that the aperiodic intercept in resting-state EEG may be a potential biomarker of MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Discrimination-related Interoceptive Network Disruptions: A Pathway to Disconnection.","authors":"Aziz Elbasheir, Rachel Bond, Nathaniel G Harnett, Alfonsina Guelfo, Maya C Karkare, Travis M Fulton, Timothy D Ely, Timothy J McDermott, Ruth A Lanius, Vishwadeep Ahluwalia, Bekh Bradley, Greg J Siegle, Negar Fani","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Racial discrimination (RD) disrupts regulatory systems in minoritized individuals, particularly those that govern attention, including attention to visceral signals (interoception). RD frequency is linked to physiological \"shut down\" responses, characterized clinically by dissociation. We examined associations between RD frequency and functional connectivity of attention and interoceptive networks in sample of trauma-exposed Black women, investigating how connectivity alterations associate with dissociation severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-two Black women completed MRI scanning and dissociation measures as part of two trauma studies. RD was examined in relation to seed-to-voxel (seeds: bilateral amygdala and insula) functional connectivity in attentional control and interoceptive brain networks during performance of an affective Stroop task; we examined connectivity during viewing of threat-relevant vs neutral distractor images. Connectivity values were extracted from significant clusters and examined in association with dissociative symptoms. We also examined connectivity in association with PTSD symptoms for comparison analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During attention to threat-relevant affective Stroop trials, greater RD frequency was associated with lesser insula connectivity to several medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) clusters (FDR-corrected ps <.05). Insula-mPFC connectivity significantly and negatively associated with derealization symptoms (r = -.31, p = .009), but not PTSD (r = -.16, p = .182).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>RD frequency linked to lesser functional connectivity between the insula and mPFC, two interoceptive network nodes, during attention to threat, and diminished connectivity was linked to more severe dissociation. RD may interrupt interoceptive network functioning, and these network alterations may, in turn, influence mind-body disconnection, or physiological \"shut down\" response in Black individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconstructing delay discounting in human cocaine addiction using computational modelling and neuroimaging.","authors":"Michal M Graczyk, Rudolf N Cardinal, Tsen Vei Lim, Salvatore Nigro, Elijah Mak, Karen D Ersche","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A preference for sooner-smaller over later-larger rewards, known as delay discounting, is a candidate transdiagnostic marker of waiting impulsivity and a research domain criterion. While abnormal discounting rates have been associated with many psychiatric diagnoses and abnormal brain structure, the underlying neuropsychological processes remain largely unknown. Here, we deconstruct delay discounting into choice and rate processes by testing different computational models and investigate their associations with white matter tracts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD, n=107) and healthy participants (n=81) completed the Monetary Choice Questionnaire. We computed their discounting rate using the well-known Kirby method, plus logistic regression, single-subject and full hierarchical Bayesian models. In Bayesian models, we additionally included a choice sharpness parameter. Seventy CUD patients and 69 healthy participants also underwent diffusion tensor imaging tractography to quantify streamlines connecting the executive control and valuation brain networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CUD patients showed significantly higher discounting rates, and lower choice sharpness, suggesting greater indifference in their choices. Importantly, the full Bayesian model had the greatest reliability for parameter recovery compared with Kirby and logistic regression methods. Using Bayesian estimates, we found that white matter streamlines connecting executive control network with the nucleus accumbens predicted discounting rate in healthy participants, but not in CUD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrate that measuring delay discounting and choice sharpness directly with a novel computational model explains impulsive choices in CUD patients better than standard hyperbolic discounting. Our findings highlight a distinct neuropsychological phenotype of impulsive discounting, which may be generalizable to other patient groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amygdala-centered emotional processing in Prolonged Grief Disorder: Relationship with clinical symptomatology.","authors":"Gyujoon Hwang, Nutta-On P Blair, B Douglas Ward, Timothy L McAuliffe, Stacy A Claesges, Abigail R Webber, Keri R Hainsworth, Yang Wang, Charles F Reynolds, Elliot A Stein, Joseph S Goveas","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged Grief Disorder is a multidimensional condition with adverse health consequences. We hypothesized that enhanced negative emotional bias characterizes this disorder and underlies its key clinical symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional design, chronically grieving older adults (61.5±8.9 years old) experiencing probable Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD; n=33) were compared with demographic- and time since loss-equated integrated (adaptive) grief participants (n=38). To probe generalized negative affective reactivity, participants performed an emotional face-matching task during fMRI scanning, and demographic and clinical assessments. Contrast maps (fearful + angry faces (-) shapes) were generated to determine group differences in brain activity within hypothesized affective and regulatory processing regions (amygdala, anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and in exploratory whole-brain regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PGD group showed higher right amygdala activation to negative emotional stimuli, compared to the integrated grief group (p_corr<0.05), which positively correlated with intrusive thoughts. Generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed lower task-dependent functional connectivity between the right amygdala and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus in PGD (p_corr<0.05), which negatively correlated with avoidance of loss reminders. Resting-state functional connectivity between the identified right amygdala and thalamus was higher in PGD (p_corr<0.05), which negatively correlated with loneliness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dysregulated amygdala-centric neural activity and functional connectivity during processing of negative affective stimuli and at rest appear to differentiate prolonged from integrated grief in older adults. Future investigations using interventions to target amygdala-centric neural circuit abnormalities may provide new insights into the role of enhanced negative bias and related mechanisms underlying PGD and support treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delusional Unreality and Predictive Processing.","authors":"Santiago Castiello, Rosa Rossi-Goldthorpe, Siyan Fan, Joshua Kenney, James A Waltz, Molly Erickson, Sonia Bansal, James M Gold, Philip R Corlett","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phenomenological psychopathologists have recently highlighted how people with delusions experience multiple realities (delusional and non-delusional) and have suggested this double bookkeeping cannot be explained via predictive processing. Here, we present data from Kamin blocking and extinction learning that show how predictive processing might, in principle, explain a pervasive sense of dual reality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved three participant groups: patients with schizophrenia (SZ; n=42), healthy participants with elevated esoteric beliefs (EEB; clairaudient psychics; n=31), and heathy controls (with neither illness nor significant delusional ideation, n=62). We examined belief formation using a Kamin blocking causal learning task with extinction, and delusions with the 40-item Peters Delusion Inventory, specifically the unreality item: \"Do things around you ever feel unreal, as though it was all part of an experiment?\" as a proxy for unreality experiences and beliefs. A clinician also assessed symptoms with a structured clinical interview.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some people with schizophrenia did not report a sense of unreality, and some people with EEB (but no psychotic illness) reported unreality experiences. No HC endorsed them (despite endorsing other delusion-like beliefs). Unreality experiences in clinical delusions and non-clinical delusion-like beliefs were associated with different types of aberrant prediction error processing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest how predictive processing might explain the sense of unreality. They indicate that different prediction error dysfunctions are associated with delusions with different contents. In this case we have used predictive processing to address a salient issue raised by phenomenological colleagues, namely the impact of psychosis on experiences of and beliefs about reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Equanimity with Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation: A Novel Framework for Mindfulness Interventions.","authors":"Brian Lord, John Jb Allen, Shinzen Young, Jay Sanguinetti","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mindfulness has gained widespread recognition for its benefits to mental health, cognitive performance, and wellbeing. However, the multifaceted nature of mindfulness, encompassing elements like attentional focus, emotional regulation, and present-moment awareness, complicates its definition and measurement. A key component that may underlie its broad benefits is equanimity - the ability to maintain an open and non-reactive attitude toward all sensory experiences. Empirical research suggests that mindfulness works through a combination of top-down attentional control and bottom-up sensory and emotional processes, and that equanimity's role in regulating those bottom-up processes drives the psychological and physiological benefits, making it a promising target for both theoretical and practical exploration. Given these findings, the development of interventions that specifically augment equanimity could improve the impact of mindfulness practices. Research into non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) suggests that it is a potential tool for altering neural circuits involved in mindfulness. However, most NIBS studies to date have focused on improving cognitive control systems, leaving equanimity relatively unexplored. Preliminary findings from focused ultrasound interventions targeting the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) suggest that NIBS can directly facilitate equanimity by inhibiting self-referential processing in the default mode network (DMN) to promote a more present-centered state of awareness. Future research should prioritize the integration of NIBS with well-defined mindfulness training protocols, focusing on equanimity as a core target. This approach could provide a novel framework for advancing both contemplative neuroscience and clinical applications, offering new insights into the mechanisms of mindfulness and refining NIBS methodologies to support individualized, precision wellness interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Brain Structure - a Neuroradiological Investigation into White Matter Hyperintensities, Atrophy, and Microbleeds.","authors":"Vera Jane Erchinger, Ole Johan Evjenth Sørhaug, Stein Magnus Aukland, Gunnar Moen, Peter Moritz Schuster, Lars Ersland, Renate Grüner, Ketil J Oedegaard, Ute Kessler, Olga Therese Ousdal, Leif Oltedal","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established treatment for severe depression, yet it remains stigmatized due to public perceptions linking it with brain injury. Despite extensive research, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ECT are not fully elucidated. Recent findings suggest that ECT may work through disrupting depression circuitry. However, whether ECT is associated with neuroradiological correlates of brain injury, including white matter changes, atrophy and microbleeds, remains largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed MRI scans on 36 ECT patients (19 female), 19 healthy controls (11 female), and 18 atrial fibrillation patients (1 female) treated with electrical cardioversion while receiving an equivalent anesthetic as the ECT group. Scans were conducted at four time points: at baseline, after the first ECT treatment, after the ECT series, and at six-month follow-up. We evaluated white matter changes using the Fazekas and the Age-Related White Matter Changes scales, atrophy using the Global Cortical Atrophy and Medial Temporal lobe Atrophy scales, and cerebral microbleeds using the Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients did not show any changes in radiological scores after ECT (all p >0.1), except for a decrease in microbleeds (p = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilizing state-of-the-art MRI techniques, we found no significant evidence that ECT induces white matter changes, atrophy, or microbleeds. Thus, although ECT may work through disrupting depression circuitry, the treatment is not associated with neuroradiological signs of brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposing the Brain in Autism: Linking Behavioral Domains to Neuroanatomical Variation and Genomic Underpinnings.","authors":"Hanna Seelemeyer, Caroline Gurr, Johanna Leyhausen, Lisa M Berg, Charlotte M Pretzsch, Tim Schäfer, Bassem Hermila, Christine M Freitag, Eva Loth, Bethany Oakley, Luke Mason, Jan K Buitelaar, Christian F Beckmann, Dorothea L Floris, Tony Charman, Tobias Banaschewski, Emily Jones, Thomas Bourgeron, Declan Murphy, Christine Ecker","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism is accompanied by highly individualized patterns of neurodevelopmental differences in brain anatomy. This variability makes the neuroanatomy of autism inherently difficult to describe at the group level. Here, we examined inter-individual neuroanatomical differences using a dimensional approach that decomposed the domains of social communication and interaction (SCI), restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB), and atypical sensory processing (ASP) within a neurodiverse study population. Moreover, we aimed to link the resulting neuroanatomical patterns to specific molecular underpinnings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neurodevelopmental differences in cortical thickness and surface area were correlated with SCI, RRB and ASP domain scores by regression of a General Linear Model in a large neurodiverse sample of N=288 autistic and N=140 non-autistic individuals, aged 6-30, recruited within the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP). The domain-specific patterns of neuroanatomical variability were subsequently correlated with cortical gene expression profiles via the Allan Human Brain Atlas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across groups, behavioral variations in SCI, RRB and ASP were associated with interindividual differences in CT and SA in partially non-overlapping fronto-parietal, temporal, and occipital networks. These domain-specific imaging patterns were enriched for genes (i) differentially expressed in autism, (ii) mediating typical brain development, and that are (iii) associated with specific cortical cell types. Many of these genes were implicated in pathways governing synaptic structure and function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study corroborates the close relationship between neuroanatomical variation and interindividual differences in autism-related symptoms and traits within the general framework of neurodiversity, and links domain-specific patterns of neuroanatomical differences to putative molecular underpinnings.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired contour object perception in psychosis.","authors":"Rohit S Kamath, Kimberly B Weldon, Hannah R Moser, Samantha Montoya, Kamar S Abdullahi, Philip C Burton, Scott R Sponheim, Cheryl A Olman, Michael-Paul Schallmo","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contour integration, the process of joining spatially separated elements into a single unified line, has consistently been found to be impaired in schizophrenia. Recent work suggests that this deficit could be associated with psychotic symptomatology, rather than a specific diagnosis such as schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Examining a transdiagnostic sample of participants with psychotic psychopathology, we obtained quantitative indices of contour perception in a psychophysical behavioral task. We also measured responses during an analogous task using ultra-high field (7T) functional MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found impaired contour discrimination performance among people with psychotic psychopathology (PwPP, n = 63) compared to healthy controls (n = 34) and biological relatives of PwPP (n = 44). Participants with schizophrenia (n = 31) showed impaired task performance compared to participants with bipolar disorder (n = 18). FMRI showed higher responses in the lateral occipital cortex of PwPP compared to controls. Using task-based functional connectivity analyses, we observed abnormal connectivity between visual brain areas during contour perception among PwPP. These connectivity differences only emerged when participants had to distinguish the contour object from background distractors, suggesting that a failure to suppress noise elements relative to contour elements may underlie impaired contour processing in PwPP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results are consistent with impaired contour integration in psychotic psychopathology, and especially schizophrenia, that is related to cognitive dysfunction, and may be linked to impaired functional connectivity across visual regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional MRI-Specific Alternations in default mode network in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A voxel-based meta-analysis.","authors":"Jianping Yu, Qianwen Xu, Lisha Ma, Yueqi Huang, Wenjing Zhu, Yan Liang, Yunzhan Wang, Wenxin Tang, Cheng Zhu, Xiaoying Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and debilitating mental disorder. Neuroimaging studies have highlighted that the dysfunctional default mode network (DMN) plays a key role in the pathophysiology mechanisms of OCD. However, the findings of impaired DMN regions have been inconsistent. We employed meta-analysis to identify the fMRI-specific abnormalities of the DMN in OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of science and Embase were searched to screen resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies on the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation/fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF/fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) of the DMN in OCD patients. Based on the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm, we compared all patients with OCD and control group in a primary meta-analysis, and analyzed the unmedicated OCD without comorbidities in secondary meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 eligible studies with 1219 OCD patients (707men) and 1238 healthy controls (684 men) were included in the primary meta-analysis. We concluded specific changes in brain regions of DMN, mainly in the left medial frontal gurus (MFG), bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG), bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL), bilateral precuneus (PCUN), bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCD patients showed dysfunction in the DMN, including impaired local important nodal brain regions. The PCC/PCUN appear to be the most affected regions within the DMN, providing valuable insights into understanding the potential pathophysiology of OCD and targets for clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}