Individual-Specific Neural Subspaces Reveal Reward Dysregulation and State Transition Vulnerabilities in Internet Gaming Disorder.

IF 4.8
Min Wang, Ningning Zeng, Hui Zheng, Shaoyu Cui, Xuefeng Xu, Xin Luo, Guang-Heng Dong
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Abstract

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition, yet the underlying neurobiological subtypes remain to be elucidated. Investigating the sub-patterns of spontaneous neural activity and the state switching from individual to group patterns may provide deeper insights into the etiology of IGD.

Methods: Resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 519 participants (257 with IGD; 262 recreational game users, RGU). The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation was computed to assess spontaneous neural activity. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was employed to extract features predictive of subjects' addictive severity. Network control theory (NCT) was utilized to quantify the energy required for brain state transitions.

Results: Compared to RGU, IGD subjects exhibited heightened activity in brain patterns (involving the basal ganglia, and thalamic regions) associated with reward processing. The individual weight of this pattern was positively associated with addiction severity and the spatial intensity was negatively correlated with the density of 5-HT1A receptors. Furthermore, NCT analysis demonstrated that transitioning to a high-craving state required less control energy than transitioning to other states.

Conclusions: Although neural activity varies among IGD individuals, the homogeneity can be embedded in reward processing related brain areas. The reduction in 5-HT1A receptor density could be a potential substrate for this pattern. IGD subjects' transition more readily to high-craving states than to other states. These results elucidate neural mechanisms underlying IGD and highlight the importance of individualized approaches in treating the disorder.

个体特异性神经子空间揭示网络游戏障碍的奖励失调和状态转移脆弱性。
背景:网络游戏障碍(IGD)是一种临床异质性疾病,但其潜在的神经生物学亚型仍有待阐明。研究自发神经活动的亚模式和从个体到群体模式的状态转换可能为IGD的病因提供更深入的见解。方法:收集519名参与者的静息状态功能MRI数据(257名IGD患者,262名休闲游戏用户,RGU)。计算低频波动的分数振幅以评估自发神经活动。采用非负矩阵分解(NMF)提取预测被试成瘾严重程度的特征。利用网络控制理论(NCT)来量化脑状态转换所需的能量。结果:与RGU相比,IGD受试者在与奖励处理相关的大脑模式(包括基底神经节和丘脑区域)中表现出更高的活动。个体体重与成瘾严重程度呈正相关,空间强度与5-HT1A受体密度呈负相关。此外,NCT分析表明,过渡到高渴望状态所需的控制能量比过渡到其他状态所需的控制能量少。结论:尽管IGD个体的神经活动不同,但同质性可以嵌入与奖励处理相关的大脑区域。5-HT1A受体密度的降低可能是这种模式的潜在底物。IGD受试者比其他状态更容易过渡到高渴望状态。这些结果阐明了IGD的神经机制,并强调了个体化治疗方法的重要性。
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