Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Latent Profiles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation in Children With Externalizing Disorders Are Associated With Alterations in Striatocortical Connectivity.","authors":"Joseph Aloi, Tahlia E Korin, Olivia K Murray, Kathleen I Crum, Katherine LeFevre, Mario Dzemidzic, Leslie A Hulvershorn","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with externalizing disorders often have difficulties with impulsivity (IMP) and emotion regulation (ER). These constructs have been associated with dysfunction in the recruitment of reward-processing circuits and striatal connectivity with cortical networks. However, it is unclear to what extent co-presentations of IMP and ER are associated with differences in striatocortical connectivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In study 1, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted in a sample of 198 youths with externalizing disorders (oppositional defiant disorder and/or conduct disorder) to investigate co-presentation of IMP and ER symptoms. Participants completed the UPPS Impulsivity Scale (UPPS) and the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC). LPA was applied to the subscales of the UPPS and ERC. In study 2, we examined 169 participants who completed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to examine differences in striatocortical connectivity between profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPA identified 3 profiles: moderate IMP/moderate ER, high IMP/low ER, and high IMP/moderate ER. The 2 high IMP profiles were associated with greater connectivity between the posterior caudate nucleus and parietal cortex. The high IMP/low ER profile was associated with increased connectivity between the anterior caudate and anterior insula.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current data indicate that the profiles associated with high IMP are associated with greater caudate-parietal cortex connectivity, while the profile associated with high IMP and impaired ER showed increased anterior caudate-anterior insular cortex connectivity. The current work contributes to the literature by examining the relationship between heterogeneity of externalizing symptoms and functional connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Alterations in Superficial White Matter Associated With Anhedonia and Suicidal Ideation in Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Yichen Zhang, Guorong Wu, Sara De Witte, Chris Baeken","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by impaired emotional and cognitive functions. Previous studies have focused on the long-range white matter bundles within the deep white matter connecting distant cortices. Less is known about the superficial white matter (SWM), which consists of short bundles connecting adjacent and precise cortices. Therefore, we investigated the differences in SWM between patients with MDD and healthy control participants (HCs) and its relationship with core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Probabilistic tractography was used to generate the SWM bundles in 62 antidepressant-free patients with MDD and 77 HCs. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) were used to compare the microstructural differences of SWM between the 2 groups. Correlations were calculated between the diffusion metrics in the SWM showing significant between-group differences and core clinical depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HCs, patients with MDD showed DTI metric changes in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal-occipital cortices. For the NODDI metrics, patients with MDD showed a lower neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting frontal-parietal-temporal cortices. Here, the neurite density index in the SWM bundles connecting prefrontal-insula regions was significantly negatively correlated with anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Patients with MDD displayed a higher orientation dispersion index in the SWM bundles connecting parietal, occipital, and posterior cingulate cortices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWM plays a crucial role in the neuropathology of MDD. The decreased neurite density in the SWM connecting prefrontal-insula regions may underlie anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, NODDI metrics may offer more specific detection of SWM microstructural abnormalities than DTI metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone Administration Increases the Computational Impact of Social Evaluation on the Updating of State Self-Esteem.","authors":"Jixin Long, Junsong Lu, Yang Hu, Philippe N Tobler, Yin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High self-esteem promotes well-being and buffers against anxiety. However, state self-esteem (SSE) is not stable but rather is dynamically updated based on evaluations received from others. Particularly in men, decreased SSE is related to aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms. A critical physiological mechanism that underlies these associations may involve a sex hormone, testosterone. However, the causal relationship between testosterone and the process of updating SSE in men remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-participants design. First, we administered a single dose (150 mg) of testosterone or placebo gel to healthy young men (N = 120). Subsequently, the participants completed a social evaluation task in which they adjusted their prediction of potential evaluation by others and dynamically reported their SSE based on the social feedback they received. Meanwhile, we applied a computational modeling approach to investigate the dynamic changes in their SSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exogenous testosterone significantly influenced the participants' expectation of receiving positive social feedback from raters with different approval rates and separately amplified the changes in average SSE when the participants received positive or negative feedback from the raters. Even more importantly, computational modeling showed that the participants who received testosterone (vs. the placebo) assigned a higher weight to expected social feedback and social prediction errors when updating their SSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings provide potential clinical implications for combining exogenous testosterone with interventions aimed at enhancing SSE through positive social feedback as a preclinical treatment for aberrant behaviors and clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State Cortical Network and Subcortical Hyperconnectivity in Youth With Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the ABCD Study.","authors":"Sam A Sievertsen, Jinhan Zhu, Angela Fang, Jennifer K Forsyth","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) frequently emerges during childhood or adolescence, yet few studies have examined functional connectivity differences in youth with GAD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of adults with GAD have implicated multiple brain regions; however, frequent examination of individual brain seed regions and/or networks has limited a holistic view of GAD-associated differences. The current study therefore used resting-state fMRI data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to investigate connectivity in youths with GAD across multiple cortical networks and subcortical regions implicated in adult GAD, considering diagnosis changes across 2 assessment periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 164 youths with GAD and 3158 healthy control participants, within- and between-network connectivity for 6 cortical networks and 6 subcortical regions was assessed using linear mixed-effect models. Changes in GAD-associated connectivity between baseline and 2-year follow-up were then compared for participants with continuous GAD, GAD at baseline and not follow-up (GAD remitters), and GAD at follow-up and not baseline (GAD converters) versus control participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youths with GAD showed greater within-ventral attention network (VAN) connectivity and hyperconnectivity between the amygdala and cingulo-opercular network and between striatal regions and the cingulo-opercular, default mode, and salience networks (false discovery rate p < .05). Within-VAN connectivity decreased for GAD remitters between baseline and follow-up. Sensitivity analyses revealed that these hyperconnectivity patterns were not observed in youths with major depressive disorder (n = 19), separation anxiety (n = 33), or social anxiety disorder (n = 111) who did not have GAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that GAD in childhood and adolescence is associated with altered subcortical to cortical network connectivity and that within-VAN hyperconnectivity, in particular, is associated with clinically significant GAD-specific symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Insular Cortex Activation During Reward Anticipation in Major Depressive Disorder With and Without Anxiety.","authors":"Xi Ren, Evan J White, Rayus Kuplicki, Martin P Paulus, Maria Ironside, Robin L Aupperle, Jennifer L Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anticipation involves preparatory resource allocation to optimize upcoming responses, linked to insular cortex function. Although individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) show impairments in anticipatory processing and blunted insula activation, it is unclear whether this pattern holds across MDD with comorbid anxiety disorders (MDD+ANX) and MDD without comorbid anxiety disorders. The monetary incentive delay (MID) task, combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided electroencephalography (EEG) source localization, offers a robust approach to study anticipatory mechanisms in MDD subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with MDD (n = 53) or MDD+ANX (n = 108) and healthy control participants (CTLs; n = 38) completed the MID task during simultaneous EEG-MRI recording. Stimulus-preceding negativity event-related potentials were source localized to identify insular cortical activity differences across groups (MDD, MDD+ANX, CTL), sex (male, female), MID task conditions (gain, loss), hemisphere (left, right), and 6 insular subregions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behavioral performance revealed that the CTL group reacted faster than the MDD+ANX group in both gain and loss conditions (p = .03). Insular source analysis showed lower activity in the MDD+ANX (p < .001) and MDD (p = .06) groups than in the CTL group during gain anticipation and lower activity in the MDD+ANX group than in both CTL (p = .003) and MDD (p < .001) groups during loss anticipation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results highlight potential intervention targets for improving anticipatory deficits in MDD+ANX. The MDD+ANX group exhibited distinctive patterns of insular cortical activity, with lower activity during the anticipation of both gain and loss feedback than the CTL and MDD groups, suggesting significant neural alterations. Moreover, in the MDD+ANX group, higher anxiety severity was linked to increased insula activity during loss anticipation, indicating a specific neural correlate of anxiety in this comorbid condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representing Brain-Behavior Associations by Retaining High-Motion Minoritized Youth.","authors":"Jivesh Ramduny, Lucina Q Uddin, Tamara Vanderwal, Eric Feczko, Damien A Fair, Clare Kelly, Arielle Baskin-Sommers","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population neuroscience datasets provide an opportunity for researchers to estimate reproducible effect sizes for brain-behavior associations because of their large sample sizes. However, these datasets undergo strict quality control to mitigate sources of noise, such as head motion. This practice often excludes a disproportionate number of minoritized individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used motion-ordering and motion-ordering+resampling (bagging) to test whether these methods preserve functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 5733). For the 2 methods, brain-behavior associations were computed as the partial Spearman's rank correlations (R_s) between functional connectivity and cognitive performance (NIH Cognition Toolbox) as well as externalizing and internalizing psychopathology (Child Behavior Checklist) while adjusting for participant sex assigned at birth and head motion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Black and Hispanic youth exhibited excess head motion relative to data collected from White youth and were discarded disproportionately when conventional approaches were used. Motion-ordering and bagging methods retained more than 99% of Black and Hispanic youth. Both methods produced reproducible brain-behavior associations across low-/high-motion racial/ethnic groups based on motion-limited fMRI data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The motion-ordering and bagging methods are 2 feasible approaches that can enhance sample representation for testing brain-behavior associations and that result in reproducible effect sizes in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12322147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Child Amygdala Development With Borderline Personality Symptoms During Adolescence.","authors":"Anna Constantino-Pettit, Kirsten Gilbert, Kiran Boone, Katherine Luking, Benjamin Geselowitz, Rebecca Tillman, Diana Whalen, Joan Luby, Deanna M Barch, Alecia Vogel","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current understanding of the neural correlates of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is limited, but some evidence suggests that alterations in limbic structures play a role in adult BPD. The developmental course of structural neural differences in BPD is unknown. Whether there is specificity for structural alterations in BPD compared to other psychiatric presentations, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), remains unexplored. In the current study, we examined childhood trajectories of 2 limbic regions that have been implicated in BPD, hippocampal and amygdala volume, as they relate to adolescent BPD symptoms compared to MDD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 175; 85 [48.6%] female) were from a 17-year longitudinal study of preschool depression. Participants completed up to 5 magnetic resonance imaging scans from late childhood through adolescence. General linear models were used to examine the relationship between gray matter volume intercepts/slopes and BPD symptoms to understand the influence of the developmental trajectory of brain regions on BPD. Separate models were used to examine the relationship between MDD symptoms and volume intercepts to assess diagnostic specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower childhood amygdala volume (intercept; age 13 centered) across scans was associated with higher adolescent BPD symptoms (β = -0.25, adjusted p = .015). There was no relationship between the slope of amygdala volume and BPD symptoms. There was no relationship between hippocampal volume and BPD or any relationship between amygdala or hippocampal volume and MDD symptoms during adolescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings add evidence that supports the role of alterations in amygdala structure in BPD development. Decreased amygdala volume as early as age 13 may be an early indicator of the development of BPD during adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Rewiring of Resilience: The Effects of Combat Deployment on Functional Network Architecture.","authors":"Noga Yair, Tom Zalmenson, Omer Azriel, Dana Shamai-Leshem, Yaron Alon, Niv Tik, Lucian Tatsa-Laur, Ariel Ben-Yehuda, Daniel S Pine, Anderson M Winkler, Ido Tavor, Yair Bar-Haim","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although combat-deployed soldiers are at high risk for developing trauma-related psychopathology, most will remain resilient for the duration and aftermath of their deployment tour. The neural basis of this type of resilience is largely unknown, and few longitudinal studies exist on neural adaptation to combat in resilient individuals for whom a pre-exposure measurement was collected. Here, we delineate changes in the architecture of functional brain networks from pre- to postcombat in psychopathology-free, resilient participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tier 1 infantry recruits (n = 50) participated in this longitudinal, functional magnetic resonance imaging study together with a comparison group of university students (n = 50). Changes in within- and between-network functional connectivity were analyzed as a function of exposure group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant group × time interactions manifested in the default mode, cognitive control, and ventral attention networks; significant increases from baseline in both within- and between-network connectivity were noted postdeployment in soldiers only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate global changes in brain functional architecture in resilient combat-deployed participants relative to age-matched students, suggesting that neural adaptation may support resilience to combat exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophysiological Markers of Regulation Success in Everyday Life in Depression.","authors":"Jonathan P Stange, Ellie P Xu, Sarah L Zapetis, Jiani Li, Lisanne Jenkins, Jagan Jimmy, Zihua Ye, Pia Sellery, Coralie S Phanord, Erika Forbes, Timothy J Trull, Robin J Mermelstein, Olusola Ajilore","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-regulation is often disrupted in depression and is characterized by negative affect and inflexible parasympathetic responses. However, our understanding of brain mechanisms of self-regulatory processes has largely been limited to laboratory contexts. Measuring individual differences in self-regulatory processes in everyday life-and their neural correlates-could inform our understanding of depression phenotypes and reveal novel intervention targets that impact everyday functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In individuals with remitted major depressive disorder and healthy comparison participants (N = 74), we measured 2 dimensions of regulation success in everyday life-perceived success with regulating affect and physiological success (parasympathetic augmentation following regulation attempts)-and their neural correlates using a functional magnetic resonance imaging emotion regulation task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceptions of success were weakly associated with physiological success and had partially distinct neural correlates. Perceived success and physiological success in everyday life predicted reduced activity in brain regions involved in emotional salience while reacting to aversive stimuli in the scanner. During reappraisal in the scanner, greater perceived success in everyday life was dimensionally associated with more reappraisal-related activity in regions involved in cognitive control (including the dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices); in contrast, physiological success predicted enhanced downregulation of salience network activity (amygdala, insula).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that linking psychophysiology with behavior in everyday life can provide a window into dissociable dimensions of self-regulatory functioning. Integrating ambulatory and brain-based metrics may elucidate self-regulatory phenotypes with distinct neurophysiological mechanisms and targets for intervention to impact functioning in daily life.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-network Effective Connectivity During An Emotional Working Memory Task in Two Independent Samples of Young Adults.","authors":"Renata Rozovsky, Michele Bertocci, Vaibhav Diwadkar, Richelle S Stiffler, Genna Bebko, Alexander S Skeba, Haris Aslam, Mary L Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective connectivity (EC) analysis provides valuable insights into the directionality of neural interactions, which are crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive and emotional regulation in depressive and anxiety disorders. In this study, we examined EC within key neural networks during working memory (WM) and emotional regulation (ER) tasks in young adults, both healthy individuals and those seeking help from mental health professionals for emotional distress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dynamic causal modeling was used to analyze EC in 2 independent samples (n = 97 and n = 94). Participants performed an emotional n-back task to assess EC across the central executive network (CEN), default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and face processing network. Group-level parametric empirical Bayes analyses were conducted to examine EC patterns, with subanalyses comparing individuals with and without depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent patterns of positive (posterior probability > .95) DMN→CEN and DMN→SN EC were observed in both samples, predominantly in low and high WM conditions without ER. However, individuals without depressive or anxiety disorders exhibited a significantly greater number of preserved connections that were replicated across both samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the different patterns of DMN→CEN EC in conditions with high and low WM loads with and without ER, suggesting that in higher WM loads with ER, the integration of the DMN with the CEN is reduced to facilitate successful cognitive task performance. The findings also suggest that DMN→CEN and DMN→SN EC are significantly reduced in depressive and anxiety disorders, highlighting this pattern of reduced EC as a potential neural marker of these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12246172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}