Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"The Desegregation of Neural Networks During Worry Induction in Late Life: An Effective Connectivity Analysis.","authors":"Andrew R Gerlach, Helmet T Karim, Kevin Kahru, Dana L Tudorascu, James J Gross, Meryl A Butters, Carmen Andreescu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe worry is a core component of anxiety and depressive disorders and is independently associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the neural basis of worry is poorly understood. We investigated effective connectivity (EC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging of a naturalistic worry induction and reappraisal task in late life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 112 participants age >50 years with varying worry severity completed a personalized, in-scanner worry induction and reappraisal task. We calculated voxelwise EC in neutral, worry, and reappraisal conditions with generalized psychophysiological interactions using seeds in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsal ACC, and left and right amygdalae and used paired t tests to compare conditions. We assessed clusters for association with in-scanner worry severity using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the worry condition, EC increased between the subgenual ACC and the default mode network (DMN) and major hubs of the executive control and salience networks. Left amygdala EC to the posterior cingulate also increased during worry, and dorsal ACC connectivity to primary sensory and motor regions decreased. Reappraisal reduced subgenual and dorsal ACC EC observed during worry and the EC between the left amygdala and regions of the dorsal attention network. Broadly, left amygdala EC was robustly associated with in-scanner worry severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Worry induction robustly engaged the DMN and increased connectivity with other high-order associative networks, potentially subsuming cortical resources. Reappraisal reduced these connectivities and disengaged the amygdala from areas associated with top-down attention. These findings could inform targets for neuromodulatory treatment of severe worry in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically Informed Disassortative Brain Morphometric Similarities Revealing Suicide Risk in Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Ting Wang, Li Xue, Zhongpeng Dai, Junneng Shao, Wei Zhang, Rui Yan, Zhilu Chen, Tingting Xiong, Zhijian Yao, Qing Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortical structure alterations in bipolar disorder (BD) have consistently been reported in association with suicide with high heritability. Currently, the multifaceted genetic landscape responsible for replicable neuroanatomical alterations with suicidal effects is poorly explored but could help develop personalized risk assessments in clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anatomically informed suicidal effects quantified with morphometric similarity network (MSN) upon structural magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated in 2 independent BD cohorts that consisted of patients with suicide attempt (SA) and without SA (NSA) (discovery: 63 BD-SAs and 72 BD-NSAs with 6 potential suicide-related single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] examined in 46 BD-SAs and 55 BD-NSAs; replication: 23 BD-SAs and 23 BD-NSAs) and 119 healthy control participants. In the discovery study, transcriptomic and neurotransmitter correlates of suicide-relevant MSN deficits were examined by partial least squares regression using the Allen Human Brain Atlas and dominance analysis on 9 distinct neurotransmitter systems. Molecularly informed MSN deficits were orthogonally validated by estimating genetic risks from targeted SNP genotyping using a multilevel mediation analysis. A reproducible pattern of genetically decoding suicide-relevant MSN changes was validated in the replication study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The μ opioid receptor was consistently suggested to be responsible for reproducible suicide-relevant MSN alterations identified in entorhinal and left lateral occipital cortices. MSN deficits of the entorhinal cortex positively mediated the effects of genetic risks of OPRM1 on SA (portion mediated = 61.3%; β = 6.99 × 10^-2; p = .02; 95% CI, 3.34 × 10^-2 to 0.11).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Abnormal cytoarchitecture communities, especially maladaptive changes in neuronal communication between the entorhinal cortex and the reward circuit regulated by opioid receptors and reflected by enhanced morphometric similarities could mediate the effect on increased suicidal tendencies involved in OPRM1 gene variants in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic Neurobiology of Social Cognition and Individual Variability as Measured by Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.","authors":"Soroush Bagheri, Ju-Chi Yu, Julia Gallucci, Vinh Tan, Lindsay D Oliver, Erin W Dickie, Ayesha G Rashidi, George Foussias, Meng-Chuan Lai, Robert W Buchanan, Anil K Malhotra, Aristotle N Voineskos, Stephanie H Ameis, Colin Hawco","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) is a validated measure of resting-state spontaneous brain activity. Previous fALFF findings in autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) have been highly heterogeneous. We aimed to use fALFF in a large sample of typically developing control participants (TDCs), autistic participants, and participants with SSDs to explore group differences and relationships with interindividual variability of fALFF maps and social cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>fALFF from 495 participants (185 TDCs, 68 with autism, and 242 with SSDs) was computed using functional magnetic resonance imaging as signal power within 2 frequency bands (i.e., slow-4 and slow-5), normalized by the power in the remaining frequency spectrum. Permutation analysis of linear models was used to investigate the relationship of fALFF with diagnostic groups, higher-level social cognition, and lower-level social cognition. Each participant's average distance of fALFF map to all others was defined as a variability score, with higher scores indicating less typical maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower fALFF in the visual and higher fALFF in the frontal regions were found in both participants with SSDs and autistic participants compared with TDCs. Limited differences were observed between autistic participants and participants with SSDs in the cuneus regions only. Associations between slow-4 fALFF and higher-level social cognitive scores across the whole sample were observed in the lateral occipitotemporal and temporoparietal junction. Individual variability within the autism and SSD groups was also significantly higher than within the TDC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar patterns of fALFF and individual variability in autism and SSDs suggest some common neurobiological features across these related heterogeneous conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalamic Nuclear Volumes in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: From Adolescence to Middle-Age Twenty Years Later.","authors":"Adolf Pfefferbaum, Edith V Sullivan, Manojkumar Saranathan, Kilian M Pohl, Amanda Bischoff-Grethe, Susan A Stoner, Edward P Riley","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Midline orofacial and brain structures, including the multinucleated thalamus, may be differentially sensitive to prenatal alcohol exposure and vulnerable to accelerated aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two sets of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data separated by 20 years are reported for control individuals, individuals with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), and nondysmorphic individuals with heavy fetal alcohol exposure (FAE). MRI1 included 179 participants, with 69 participants reassessed at MRI2. Segmentation produced estimates of bilateral thalamic volume and 10 bilateral nuclei, which were aggregated into anterior, ventral, posterior, and medial volumes. Differences were assessed with and without correction for intracranial volume (ICV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRI1 revealed stepwise group differences in ICV, total thalamic volume, and anterior and ventral regions uncorrected for ICV, where control > FAE > FAS. Corrected for ICV, the smaller volumes persisted in the anterior and ventral regions, although differences between the FAE and FAS groups were attenuated. Nuclei volumes were selectively smaller in the alcohol-exposed groups than in the control group even after controlling for ICV. Longitudinally, thalamic volumes typically declined over time, maintaining the stepwise effects and with little evidence for accelerated decline in the FAE or FAS groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These novel data revealed stable deficits in thalamic nuclei of the groups with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. After 20 years, the deficits persisted but without accelerated age-related decline and following the same aging pattern as control individuals. Despite parallel aging functions in all groups, ICV adjustment yielded volume deficits localized to the anterior and ventral thalamic nuclei, differing from patterns in the remaining thalamic nuclei and cortical brain structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Neural Landscape of Mental Disorders Using Double Functional Independent Primitives.","authors":"Najme Soleimani, Armin Iraji, Godfrey Pearlson, Adrian Preda, Vince D Calhoun","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental illnesses extract personal and societal costs, leading to significant challenges in cognitive function, emotional regulation, and social behavior. These disorders are thought to result from disruptions in how different brain regions communicate with each other. Despite advances in neuroimaging, current methods are not always precise enough to permit a full understanding of the complexity of these disruptions. More advanced approaches are needed to better identify and characterize the specific brain network alterations linked to different psychiatric conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a hierarchical approach to derive double functional independent primitives (dFIPs) from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. dFIPs represent independent patterns of functional network connectivity across the brain. Our study utilized a large multisite dataset comprising 5805 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCZ), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder and healthy control individuals. We analyzed how combinations of dFIPs differentiated psychiatric diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct dFIP patterns emerged for each disorder. SCZ was characterized by heightened cerebellar connectivity and reduced cerebellar-subcortical connectivity. In ASD, sensory domain hyperconnectivity was prominent. Some dFIPs displayed disorder-specific connectivity patterns, while others exhibited commonalities across multiple conditions. These findings underscore the utility of dFIPs in revealing neural connectivity alterations unique to each disorder, serving as unique fingerprints for different mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrates that dFIPs provide a novel, data-driven method for identifying disorder-specific functional connectivity patterns in psychiatric conditions. These distinct neural signatures offer potential biomarkers for mental illnesses, contributing to a deeper understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated Aging of White Matter in Late-Life Depression: Evidence From ¹⁸F-Flutemetamol Positron Emission Tomography Imaging.","authors":"Akihiro Takamiya, Thomas Vande Casteele, Filip Bouckaert, Margot G A Van Cauwenberge, Maarten Laroy, François-Laurent De Winter, Patrick Dupont, Jan Van den Stock, Michel Koole, Koen Van Laere, Louise Emsell, Mathieu Vandenbulcke","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with white matter (WM) alterations. Current evidence indicates that amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) tracers are sensitive and reliable markers for evaluating normal-appearing WM (NAWM) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), showing an association between lower uptake and Alzheimer's disease pathology and higher uptake with age-related changes. Utilizing this novel and reliable technique, we aimed to distinguish between 2 hypothetical models for neurobiology of LLD, the pathological neurodegenerative model and the accelerated aging model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this monocentric cross-sectional study, a total of 103 participants, including 61 patients with LLD (age 73.8 ± 7.0 years; 41 female) and 42 healthy control (HC) participants (age 72.5 ± 7.6 years; 28 female), underwent PET imaging with ¹⁸F-flutemetamol, MRI, and clinical assessment. T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were segmented into WM hyperintensities (WMHs) and NAWM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ¹⁸F-flutemetamol standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in WMHs was significantly lower than that in NAWM (t₁₀₂ = 7.8, p < .001). Compared with HC participants, patients with LLD exhibited higher ¹⁸F-flutemetamol SUVR in both NAWM (p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.91) and WMHs (p = .005, d = 0.56), even after controlling for age and ¹⁸F-flutemetamol SUVR in cortical gray matter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our result of elevated ¹⁸F-flutemetamol uptake in NAWM is not consistent with the pathological neurodegenerative aging pattern observed in Alzheimer's disease but is consistent with patterns of age-related changes. This distinction is crucial for the development of future targeted treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale Heterogeneity of White Matter Morphometry in Psychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Ashlea Segal, Robert E Smith, Sidhant Chopra, Stuart Oldham, Linden Parkes, Kevin Aquino, Seyed Mostafa Kia, Thomas Wolfers, Barbara Franke, Martine Hoogman, Christian F Beckmann, Lars T Westlye, Ole A Andreassen, Andrew Zalesky, Ben J Harrison, Christopher G Davey, Carles Soriano-Mas, Narcís Cardoner, Jeggan Tiego, Murat Yücel, Leah Braganza, Chao Suo, Michael Berk, Sue Cotton, Mark A Bellgrove, Andre F Marquand, Alex Fornito","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interindividual variability in the neurobiological and clinical characteristics of mental illnesses are often overlooked by classical group-mean case-control studies. Studies using normative modeling to infer person-specific deviations of gray matter volume have indicated that group means are not representative of most individuals. The extent to which this variability is present in white matter morphometry, which is integral to brain function, remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied warped Bayesian linear regression normative models to T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data and mapped interindividual variability in person-specific white matter volume (WMV) deviations in 1294 cases (58% male) diagnosed with one of 6 disorders (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and schizophrenia) and 1465 matched control participants (54% male) recruited across 25 scan sites. We developed a framework to characterize deviation heterogeneity on multiple spatial scales from individual voxels through interregional connections, specific brain regions, and spatially extended brain networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The specific locations of WMV deviations were highly heterogeneous across participants, affecting the same voxel in fewer than 8% of individuals with the same diagnosis. For autism and schizophrenia, negative deviations (i.e., areas where volume is lower than normative expectations) aggregated into common tracts, regions, and large-scale networks in up to 69% of individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of WMV deviations was lower than previously observed in gray matter, and the specific location of these deviations was highly heterogeneous when considering voxelwise spatial resolution. Evidence of aggregation within common pathways and networks was apparent in schizophrenia and autism but not in other disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12441912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limbic-Sensorimotor Tug of War for the Hippocampus: Dynamic Functional Connectivity as a Transdiagnostic Vulnerability Marker in Offspring of Patients With Emotion Dysregulation.","authors":"Luigi F Saccaro, Farnaz Delavari, Ben Meuleman, Nader Perroud, Dimitri Van De Ville, Camille Piguet","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a key transdiagnostic symptom in several psychiatric disorders such as borderline personality disorder, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. These disorders, defined herein as ED disorders (EDDs), share similarities in symptoms, comorbidity, and heritability, emphasizing the importance of a transdiagnostic approach to identify markers of vulnerability to EDDs in high-risk populations, such as the offspring of patients with an EDD (EDDoff). The hippocampus, central to ED, exhibits alterations across EDDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a state-of-the-art approach (micro-coactivation patterns [μCAPs]) to study the transdiagnostic dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of hippocampal subregions from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of 201 participants (74 patients with an EDD, 57 EDDoff, 70 healthy control participants). μCAPs provide a data-driven differentiation within the seed region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>dFC between the sensorimotor network (SMN) and the hippocampal body was lower in patients with EDDs (false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected p = .0002) and in EDDoff (p_FDR = .01) than in control participants, with EDDoff displaying an intermediate pattern between patients with EDDs and control participants. dFC between the limbic network (LN) and the hippocampal head was higher in patients with EDDs than in control participants (p_FDR = .01) and EDDoff (p_FDR = .01). A negative correlation was found between ED and the SMN (p_FDR = .01), indicating increasing ED with decreasing SMN dFC with the hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased dFC between the hippocampal head and the LN, at the expense of the SMN, may represent a marker of disease in patients with EDDs. Lower dFC between the SMN and the hippocampal body may represent a marker of vulnerability to EDDs in EDDoff that is correlated with ED. Such a transdiagnostic construct represents a clinically relevant target for early interventions aimed at reducing vulnerability to EDDs in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus Subregions Relates to Emotional and Sensory-Perceptual Properties of Intrusive Trauma Memories.","authors":"Quentin Devignes, Kevin J Clancy, Boyu Ren, Yara Pollmann, Justin T Baker, Isabelle M Rosso","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trauma-related intrusive memories (TR-IMs) are core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prior research links reexperiencing symptoms with resting-state functional coupling between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right hippocampus (HPC). However, prior work has not examined whether this negative coupling relates to TR-IMs or has differentiated between the anterior and posterior HPC (aHPC/pHPC). This study examined relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with resting-state negative coupling between the right dlPFC and right aHPC/pHPC in symptomatic trauma-exposed individuals with TR-IMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (N = 109; 88 female) completed 2 weeks of ecological momentary assessments capturing TR-IM frequency and properties (intrusiveness, emotional intensity, vividness, visual properties, and reliving). Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, participant-specific 4-mm spheres were placed at the right dlPFC voxel most anticorrelated with the right aHPC/pHPC. Quasi-Poisson and linear mixed-effect models assessed relationships of TR-IM frequency and properties with right dlPFC-right aHPC/pHPC anticorrelation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TR-IM emotional intensity was positively associated with right dlPFC-aHPC connectivity, while vividness and visual properties correlated with right dlPFC-pHPC connectivity. These associations remained significant after controlling for PTSD symptom severity and time since trauma. No significant associations emerged between TR-IM frequency, intrusiveness, or reliving and anticorrelation with either hippocampal subregion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the neural correlates of TR-IMs, highlighting the relevance of intrinsic negative coupling between the right dlPFC and aHPC/pHPC to their phenomenology. Further research on this circuit could advance understanding of component processes of trauma reexperiencing, a severe and treatment-refractory PTSD symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable Multimodal Brain Signatures Predict Mental Health Outcomes in Children.","authors":"Kathryn Y Manning, Alberto Llera, Catherine Lebel","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interindividual brain differences likely precede the emergence of mood and anxiety disorders; however, the specific brain alterations remain unclear. While many studies focus on a single imaging modality in isolation, recent advances in multimodal image analysis allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex neurobiology that underlies mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a large population-based cohort of children from the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) Study (N > 10,000), we applied data-driven linked independent component analysis to identify linked variations in cortical structure and white matter microstructure that together predict longitudinal behavioral and mental health symptoms. Brain differences were examined in a subsample of twins depending on the presence of at-risk behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two multimodal brain signatures at ages 9 to 10 years predicted longitudinal mental health symptoms from 9 to 12 years, with small effect sizes. Cortical variations in association, limbic, and default mode regions linked with peripheral white matter microstructure together predicted higher depression and anxiety symptoms across 2 independent split-halves. The brain signature differed between depression and anxiety symptom trajectories and related to emotion regulation network functional connectivity. Linked variations of subcortical structures and projection tract microstructure variably predicted behavioral inhibition, sensation seeking, and psychosis symptom severity over time in male participants. These brain patterns were significantly different between pairs of twins discordant for self-injurious behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate reliable, multimodal brain patterns in childhood, before mood and anxiety disorders tend to emerge, that lay the foundation for long-term mental health outcomes and offer targets for early identification of children at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}