Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Functional location of the language cortical areas in focal refractory epilepsy using the conventional, selective, and supraselective Wada test","authors":"Carlos A. González-Acosta ,&nbsp;Carlos R. Tolosa-Gaviria ,&nbsp;Alejandro Herrera-Trujillo ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Dorado-Ramírez ,&nbsp;William Escobar-Rojas ,&nbsp;Christian A. Rojas-Cerón ,&nbsp;Lina V. Becerra-Hernández ,&nbsp;Efraín Buriticá-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Alfredo Pedroza-Campo","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In refractory focal epilepsy, resective surgery offers an alternative for seizure control. However, there is a risk of language deterioration when the epileptogenic zone involves an eloquent cortical region. The Wada test involves the insertion of a catheter through the internal carotid artery and the injection of a short-acting anesthetic, resulting in transient loss of hemisphere function. While its specificity is high, its sensitivity is reduced, despite its limited or absent spatial resolution. Additionally, the generalized action of the anesthetic may lead to misinterpretations due to global cognitive arrest, particularly in patients with baseline deficits. The aim of this report was to prove the refinement of the selective and supraselective protocols, as well as their contribution to overcoming these disadvantages. The procedure began by placing a microcatheter in progressively more distal irrigation sites, according to the required technique, gradually performing angiography with contrast medium. Tissue perfusion allowed the identification of the cerebral parenchyma where the anesthetic would act. After injection, the assessment of neurocognitive changes was conducted. The characterization of language patterns was performed, delineating indispensable eloquent zones and dispensable eloquent zones, irrespective of the patients’ cognitive condition. There was concordance between the findings and post-surgical results. The selective and supraselective Wada test surpasses the disadvantages of the conventional method and proves decisive in surgical planning and decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical tinnitus evaluation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Mariana Lopes Martins ,&nbsp;Edgard Morya ,&nbsp;Liliane Kaline Araújo de Lima ,&nbsp;Isabelle Costa de Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Sheila Andreoli Balen ,&nbsp;Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado ,&nbsp;Marine Raquel Diniz da Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) estimates the cortical hemodynamic response induced by sound stimuli. fNIRS can be used to understand the symptomatology of tinnitus and consequently provide effective ways of evaluating and treating the symptom.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Compare the changes in the oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration of individuals with and without tinnitus using auditory stimulation by fNIRS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A tinnitus group (n = 23) and a control group (n = 23) were evaluated by an auditory task for assessing sound-evoked auditory cortex activity. The fNIRS was composed of 20 channels arranged into 4x2 arrays over the frontal, temporal and parietal cortices. Then, a passive listening block-paradigm design was adopted with reoccurring blocks of tasks with 15 s interspersed with randomized silence periods between 15–25 s.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant difference in the condition (type of sound), region of interest (ROI) and channel. As well as significant interaction in group and condition, and group and channel. The Tinnitus Frequency decreased HbO levels, while other sounds (white noise − WN and 1KHZ) increased HbO levels. All conditions differed from each other, except 1KHz with Baseline (silence) in the control group. Regarding the channels, the frontal channels (1, 3, and 11) differed in the tinnitus group, while in the control group a difference was observed in the channels of the frontal, temporal and parietal regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The type of sound presented, and brain region influenced the variations in HbO levels, but there was no difference between tinnitus and control participants. The tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and severity showed a weak correlation with variations in HbO levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1855 ","pages":"Article 149561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive approach to anticipating the progression of mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Farah Shahid ,&nbsp;Rizwan Khan ,&nbsp;Atif Mehmood ,&nbsp;Ahmad Al Smadi ,&nbsp;Mostafa M. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Zhonglong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The immersive experience provided by our approach empowers researchers with an intuitive exploration of brain structures. Within the brain’s central nervous system, encompassing both white and gray matter, symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) often manifest through gray matter decline. The manual identification of these changes proves to be a time-intensive endeavor. Although learning-based systems can detect such changes, their implementation requires substantial computational resources and extensive datasets. To surmount these challenges, we present a tailored framework designed for the categorization of distinct AD stages through brain image tissue segmentation. Our innovative approach seamlessly integrates transfer learning and fine-tuning of frozen layers and employs models such as VGG16, VGG19, AlexNet, and ResNet50. This comprehensive strategy significantly amplifies simulation outcomes across five AD categories, contributing to an overall enhancement in model efficacy. In the initial stages, our model undergoes fine-tuning to predict various AD stages, and the integration of data augmentation techniques further refines its performance. Our study culminates with the assertion that a pre-trained model, characterized by deep connectivity of dense layers, additional layers, and frozen blocks, adeptly addresses the challenges intrinsic to the proposed multiclass classification. Experimental results conclusively endorse the superior accuracy achieved through the implementation of our proposed strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1855 ","pages":"Article 149549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced social interaction protects cognition by preserving synapse numbers","authors":"Cunyi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>According to the NIA-AA guidelines, pathological diagnosis as Intermedia (I) or High (H) via ABC scores qualifies as pathological Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Multiple studies indicated that some individuals, while pathologically diagnosed with AD, maintain normal cognitive function during their lifetime, here defined as resilient AD (rAD). In contrast to typical AD (tAD), characterized by both pathological AD diagnosis and dementia, rAD brains exhibited no significant differences in AD pathology but showed increased synapse numbers. To date, there is limited systematic reporting on the epidemiology and protective factors for rAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study surveyed reports from multiple global centers to estimate the prevalence of rAD within the pathological AD population. Based on the PUMC Human Brain Bank, I analyzed risk factors and gene mutations associated with dementia severity in pathological AD. Additionally, mouse models were employed to explore the protective effects of enhanced social interaction on cognitive function in pathological AD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of multiple global cohorts revealed that rAD accounted for 25–36 % of pathological AD cases. Analysis of the PUMC Human Brain Bank indicated that the severity of dementia in pathological AD was not associated with age or gender. However, the tAD group showed a significantly higher prevalence of social isolation. Genetic analysis suggested that TREM2 rs2234255 GG &gt; CC and APP rs281865161 TC &gt; GG may be risk variants for cognitive impairment in pathological AD, while CLU rs9331896 CC &gt; TT may serve as a protective variant for cognitive resilience. In 5 × FAD mice, increased social interaction did not significantly alter Aβ pathology progression but reduced synaptic loss, thereby improving cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggested that promoting emotional care and social interaction for the elderly may help slow cognitive decline in AD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and network analysis identifies shared pathways across Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia","authors":"Cengceng Zheng ,&nbsp;Yejing Zhao ,&nbsp;Chaoying Hu ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Gengkuo Li ,&nbsp;Cuicui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are often accompanied, but there are no effective differential diagnosis and treatment for VaD. The search for common pathogenic targets or pathways connecting the two diseases is helpful to the drug development and treatment of the disease. In this study, we used gene expression array data from the GEO database to analyze common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the temporal cortex of patients with AD and VaD. AD and VaD shared 143 DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the biological function of common DEGs was mainly related to chemical synaptic transmission, neuroactive ligand-receptor, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed the interaction of down- and up-regulated DEGs. The mRNA expression levels of key proteins in neuroactive ligand-receptor and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway were verified in AD and VaD mice. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) test was used to detect the expression of DEGs. Data of RT-qPCR showed the mRNA level of γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 (GABBR1) was decreased in both AD and VaD. In addition, the mRNA of interleukin-17 receptor A (IL-17RA), IL-17 and IL-18 were increased. In conclusion, the shared genes in AD and VaD were verified in our study. We identified the critical genes to offer a theoretical basis for understanding the linkage of AD and VaD, which provided potential drug targets against AD and VaD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative effect of stress on decisional exploration-to-exploitation switch assessed through a gambling task in female mice","authors":"Stéphanie Cramoisy ,&nbsp;Lidia Cabeza ,&nbsp;Bahrie Ramadan ,&nbsp;Christophe Houdayer ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Haffen ,&nbsp;David Belin ,&nbsp;Yvan Peterschmitt ,&nbsp;Fanchon Bourasset","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Survival and well-being hinge on an organism’s ability to evaluate options, weighing costs and benefits to make adaptive decisions. It has long been shown that stress influences cognition and reward-related behaviour, the nature of which depends on the stressor’s type and duration as well as gene x environment interactions. However, how stress influence decision-making in females has not been completely elucidated. Here, we have developed a new mouse gambling task (mGT) adapted to assess decision-making under uncertainty and risk. Adult female C57BL/6JRj mice administered with corticosterone (CORT) for 5 or 8 weeks reached similar final performance in the mGT as vehicle-treated controls. All groups tended to learn to maximize gain as the task progressed. Our results revealed that individual choice kinetics is impacted by chronic exposure to CORT, showing an accentuated sensitivity to penalties in female mice. These results confirm the suitability of our new mGT to assess decision-making under uncertainty and risk and are in line with previous reports of the effect of chronic CORT treatment on decision-making in male mice. Thereby this study provides new insights into the influence of sex and stress on decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of the role of Caspases in glioma","authors":"Heming Wang ,&nbsp;Qunfang Mei ,&nbsp;Pengying Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caspases (CASPs) are attractive targets for cancer therapy. Many prognostic models based on gene signatures include genes from the CASPs family in diffuse glioma. CASP3, CASP4 and CASP6 in glioma have been studied individually. However, specialized comprehensive analysis of the roles of CASPs family in glioma is lacking. Therefore, this study utilized bioinformatics methods to investigate this issue. CASP1-10 expressionlevels were significantly up-regulated in LGG and GBM and glioma, and varied significantly across different clinical subgroups of glioma and LGG and various cell types, and most of CASP1-10 members showed significant differences in recurrence status of LGG. 10 signatures (CASP1-10) were associated with poor overall survival (OS) in glioma and LGG and GBM. However, pan-cancer survival analysis showed that CASP1-10 were associated with the prognosis of LGG, but not GBM. CASP1-10 were related to poor prognosis of glioma and LGG, except for CASP9, which was the opposite of a protective factor. CASP1-10 were independent prognostic factors for OS in glioma and LGG, except for CASP5, and also for recurrence-free survival (RFS) in LGG. Most of CASP1-10 were also independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free interval (PFI) and had diagnostic value in glioma and LGG. Genetic alterations of CASP1-10 genes set were associated with poor prognosis in LGG. CASP1-10 were involved in immune infiltration and programmed cell death in glioma and LGG and GBM, and might promote the apoptosis of immune cells. Compared to GBM, CASP1-10 had a more significant impact on the prognosis, cancer-related pathways, and immune infiltration in LGG, indicating that CASP1-10 might play important roles in the recurrence and progression of LGG, and might be promising therapeutic targets for LGG. Therefore, it is speculated that natural caspase inhibitor p35 may be a promising drug for the treatment of glioma, especially for LGG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1855 ","pages":"Article 149529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol impairs learning and timing of conditioned eyeblink responses","authors":"Fredrik Johansson ,&nbsp;Vincent Rydberg ,&nbsp;Nils-Erik Arn ,&nbsp;Johannes Lundin ,&nbsp;Artem Gornov ,&nbsp;Robert Winton ,&nbsp;Guy Madison ,&nbsp;Germund Hesslow ,&nbsp;Anders Rasmussen","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alcohol impairs motor performance, but it remains unclear precisely why this is the case. Here, we examine the effects of alcohol intoxication on conditioned eyeblink responses, a form of classical conditioning dependent on the cerebellum. In experiment 1, the conditioned responses of 18 students before and after alcohol consumption up to 1 ‰ were compared against the performance of 26 non-drinking controls. In experiment 2, 17 students were tested repeatedly at increasing blood alcohol levels up to 1 ‰. The results reveal a gradual decrease in both the percentage and timing of conditioned responses following alcohol consumption, with pronounced impairments emerging at blood alcohol content levels exceeding 0.5 ‰. These findings are consistent with the idea that the motor deficits associated with alcohol consumption are linked to effects on the cerebellum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) consumption during pregnancy and lactation induces anxiogenic-like behavior, cerebral oxidative stress and compromises fecal microbiota in rat offspring","authors":"Marília Ferreira Frazão Tavares de Melo ,&nbsp;Renally de Lima Moura ,&nbsp;Elisiane Beatriz da Silva ,&nbsp;Diego Elias Pereira ,&nbsp;Maciel da Costa Alves ,&nbsp;Larissa Maria Gomes Dutra ,&nbsp;Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra ,&nbsp;Daline Fernandes de Souza Araújo ,&nbsp;Maria Manuela Estevez Pintado ,&nbsp;Gustavo Felipe Correia Sales ,&nbsp;Celso José Bruno de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of consumption of avocado oil (AO) and pulp (AP) on anxiety-like behavior, cerebral oxidative stress and alteration of the fecal microbiota in the mother and male Wistar rats offspring treated during gestation and lactation. Anxiety-like behavior was measured through the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) tests. Cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GLUT) levels were measured in mothers and offspring. The fatty acid profile was determined for maternal milk and brain. Data showed a shorter time spent on the open arms of EPM in mothers and offspring for those fed AO and AP (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the AO offspring adolescent and adult spent less time in the central area (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, offspring adults from the AO moved about less and offspring from the AP ambulated more (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). MDA was increased in mothers and decreased in the offspring in AO and AP and GLUT was lower in mothers and higher in adolescent and adult offspring in AP (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain and breast milk in AO and AP were decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, there was an increase in the abundance of intestinal bacteria related to the production of inflammatory metabolites that compromised brain function in offspring treated with avocado. These results suggest that avocado induces anxiogenic-like behavior and increases cerebral oxidative stress in mothers and offspring of rats treated during pregnancy and lactation, negatively altering the fecal microbiota of the offspring. So, we report for the first time how the consumption of avocado oil and pulp interferes with a developing organism when consumed in the early stages of life in rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of an efficient and economical method for primary oligodendrocyte progenitor cell culture from neonatal mouse brain","authors":"Hong Liu ,&nbsp;Yimin Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiali Li ,&nbsp;Zhida Lan ,&nbsp;Ziwei Dai ,&nbsp;Guanyu Li ,&nbsp;Kouwei Xiao ,&nbsp;Yingyan Pu ,&nbsp;Cheng He ,&nbsp;Shangyao Qin ,&nbsp;Zhida Su","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary culture of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) provides an indispensable tool for characterizing their biological properties and myelin repair potential. However, the current OPC preparation methods are mainly limited to rat tissues, and it remains a substantial challenge for replicating the primary culture from mouse tissues to generate large quantities of high-quality OPCs. Here, we describe a protocol to successfully establish highly enriched OPC cultures from the cerebral cortex of mice at the age of neonatal 3 days. OPCs were isolated and purified from the bed layer of astrocytes by shaking for 6 h at 250 rpm. Using this protocol, mouse OPCs can be easily produced in bulk and economically without the need for specific cell-surface antibodies and equipment. These mouse OPC cultures were identified by immunocytochemical, immunobloting and RNA-seq analysis. Furthermore, they could be expanded <em>in vitro</em> and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. We propose this method as a viable and affordable protocol to obtain mouse OPC culture, which should significantly facilitate studies on OPC lineage progression and their application in myelin-related disease modeling and regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1853 ","pages":"Article 149519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}