Brain Research最新文献_第10页

Cortical calretinin-positive neurons: Functional and ontogenetic characteristics and their relationship to brain pathologies 皮质钙蛋白阳性神经元：功能和本体特征及其与脑病理学的关系

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149285

Lina Vanessa Becerra-Hernández , Manuel F. Casanova , Efraín Buriticá

{"title":"Cortical calretinin-positive neurons: Functional and ontogenetic characteristics and their relationship to brain pathologies","authors":"Lina Vanessa Becerra-Hernández , Manuel F. Casanova , Efraín Buriticá","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cortical GABAergic interneurons can be classified according to electrophysiological, biochemical, and/or morphological criteria. In humans, the use of calcium-binding proteins allows us to differentiate three subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons with minimal overlap. Cortical calretinin-positive neurons mainly include bipolar and double-bouquet morphologies, with a largely non-rapid and adaptive firing pattern, originating from the ganglionic eminence and the ventricular and subventricular regions of the developing brain. These cells are distributed from layer I to VI of the neocortex, with predominance in layers II and III. Given their morphology, distribution of processes, and elucidated synaptic contacts, these neurons are considered important in the control of intraminicolumnar processing through vertical inhibition. They have been extensively studied in the context of pathologies characterized by excitation/inhibition imbalance, such as Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and autism. In light of the current evidence, this review considers these aspects in depth and discusses the pathophysiological role and selective vulnerability (pathoclisis) vs. the resistance that these interneurons can present against different types of injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1846 ","pages":"Article 149285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative synthetic MRI for evaluation of hippocampus in patients with multiple sclerosis 用于评估多发性硬化症患者海马体的定量合成磁共振成像。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149298

Jing Huang , Yan Liang , Jiyuan Wang , Yi Shan , Cheng Zhao , Qiongge Li , Huiqing Dong , Jie Lu

{"title":"Quantitative synthetic MRI for evaluation of hippocampus in patients with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Jing Huang , Yan Liang , Jiyuan Wang , Yi Shan , Cheng Zhao , Qiongge Li , Huiqing Dong , Jie Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify early changes in hippocampal quantitative parameters in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using synthetic MRI, and to correlate these changes with clinical variables.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>45 MS patients and 26 healthy controls (HCs) underwent synthetic MRI and 3D-T1 MRI. The hippocampus volumes were assessed by using voxel-based morphometry. Synthetic MRI parameters (T1, T2, and proton density (PD)) from hippocampus and its subfield were measured and compared, and their associations with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores were further investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in hippocampal volume between MS patients and HCs. Compared with HCs, the T1, T2 and PD values of hippocampus and its subfield increased in MS patients. T2 values showed positive correlation with EDSS and negative correlation with SDMT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Synthetic MRI can detect subtle quantitative changes of the hippocampus in MS patients with normal hippocampal volume. Specifically, Synthetic MRI parameters may apply as potentially effective imaging biomarker for hippocampus evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A coloaded liposome in situ gel as a novel therapeutic strategy to treat cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury 将胶体脂质体原位凝胶作为治疗脑缺血再灌注损伤的一种新型治疗策略。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149292

Qiang Tian , Jin Li , Rongbin Lv , Guangan Zhou , Xinyun Liu , Yanfen Wang , Baoliang Sun , Zhangyong Xia

{"title":"A coloaded liposome in situ gel as a novel therapeutic strategy to treat cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury","authors":"Qiang Tian , Jin Li , Rongbin Lv , Guangan Zhou , Xinyun Liu , Yanfen Wang , Baoliang Sun , Zhangyong Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ischemic stroke has become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide in individuals aged 60 and above. However, currently available drugs show limited efficacy. Therefore, research to find more effective and safer therapeutic strategies is an urgent requirement for the treatment of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>First, the free radical scavenger Edaravone and a Ginseng active ingredient were coloaded into liposomes (aER@Lip), followed by optimization and characterization. Pluronic F127 and F68 at different concentrations were mixed and stored at 4 °C for more than 24 h to obtain gel solutions. Then, aER@Lip was added to the gel solutions to prepare the drug-loaded <em>in situ</em> gel, termed aER@Lip-TSG.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In vitro</em> experiments showed that aER@Lip-TSG was taken up by cells and had a good protective effect on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in pheochromocytoma 12 cells. In a rat CIRI model, aER@Lip-TSG delivered by intranasal administration not only decreased the apoptosis in brain tissue induced by CIRI, but also decreased the resultant inflammatory response. Moreover, the results suggested that aER@Lip-TSG had good biosafety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This delivery system provides a promising multi-factor combination, synergistic effects, sustained-release capabilities, and is a non-invasive treatment strategy for CIRI. It thus meets the urgent need for effective treatments of central nervous system diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, a novel antioxidant isolated from oyster meat, inhibits the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis to regulate the stress response 3,5-二羟基-4-甲氧基苄醇是从牡蛎肉中分离出来的一种新型抗氧化剂，它能抑制下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴，从而调节应激反应。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149290

Mitsugu Watanabe , Kenji Yoshiike , Emiko Miki , Katsuya Kuroki

{"title":"3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, a novel antioxidant isolated from oyster meat, inhibits the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis to regulate the stress response","authors":"Mitsugu Watanabe , Kenji Yoshiike , Emiko Miki , Katsuya Kuroki","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antioxidants that can scavenge reactive oxygen in the brain and inhibit hyperactivity of the HPA axis are desirable.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>We investigated the cerebral translocation of the antioxidant 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) and the effects of DHMBA administration on the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in stress-loaded rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Experiment 1: Plasma and brain DHMBA concentrations were measured over time after oral DHMBA administration to male B6 mice. Experiment 2: Female Wistar Imamichi rats were used. The normal group was not subjected to stress. The stress, DHMBA, and vitamin E groups were subjected to individual and overcrowding stress. Brain and hippocampal 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels, hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor-α levels, plasma corticosterone levels and RNA levels of glutathione peroxidase 4, catalase, and glutathione reductase in the hippocampus were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Experiment 1, DHMBA was not detected in the plasma or brain before DHMBA administration but was detected in both after administration. In Experiment 2, brain and hippocampal 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels and plasma corticosterone levels were significantly lower in the DHMBA than in the stress group. Glucocorticoid receptor-α levels were higher in the DHMBA than in the stress group. DHMBA increased RNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus. <em>Conclusion</em>: DHMBA was translocated to the brain after administration. DHMBA administration decreased 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels in the brain and hippocampus, increased hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor-α levels, and decreased the plasma corticosterone concentration, suggesting that DHMBA inhibits hyperactivity of the HPA axis. Nrf2 pathway activity induced by DHMBA resulted in increased antioxidant enzyme levels in the hippocampus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1845 ","pages":"Article 149290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aging of Krushinsky-Molodkina audiogenic rats is accompanied with pronounced neurodegeneration and dysfunction of the glutamatergic system in the hippocampus 克鲁辛斯基-莫洛金娜致听大鼠的衰老伴随着明显的神经变性和海马中谷氨酸能系统的功能障碍。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149294

Ekaterina P. Aleksandrova , Andrey P. Ivlev , Alexey A. Kulikov , Alexandra A. Naumova , Margarita V. Glazova , Elena V. Chernigovskaya

{"title":"Aging of Krushinsky-Molodkina audiogenic rats is accompanied with pronounced neurodegeneration and dysfunction of the glutamatergic system in the hippocampus","authors":"Ekaterina P. Aleksandrova , Andrey P. Ivlev , Alexey A. Kulikov , Alexandra A. Naumova , Margarita V. Glazova , Elena V. Chernigovskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancing age strongly correlates with an increased risk of epilepsy development. On the other hand, epilepsy may exacerbate the negative effects of aging making it pathological. In turn, the possible link between aging and epileptogenesis is dysregulation of glutamatergic transmission. In the present study, we analyzed the functional state of the glutamatergic system in the hippocampus of aging (18-month-old) Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) audiogenic rats to disclose alterations associated with aging on the background of inherited predisposition to audiogenic seizures (AGS). Naïve KM rats with no AGS experience were recruited in the experiments. Wistar rats of the corresponding age were used as a control. First of all, aging KM rats demonstrated a significant decrease in cell population and synaptopodin expression in the hippocampus indicating enhanced loss of cells and synapses. Meanwhile, elevated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and CREB and increased glutamate in the neuronal perikarya were revealed indicating increased activity of the rest hippocampal cells and increased glutamate production. However, glutamate in the fibers and synapses was mainly unchanged, and the proteins regulating glutamate exocytosis showed variable changes which could compensate each other and maintain glutamate release at the unchanged level. In addition, we revealed downregulation of NMDA-receptor subunit GluN2B and upregulation of AMPA-receptor GluA2 subunit, which could also prevent overexcitation and support cell survival in the hippocampus of aging KM rats. Nevertheless, abnormally high glutamate production, observed in aging KM rats, may provide the basis for hyperexcitability of the hippocampus and increased seizure susceptibility in old age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1846 ","pages":"Article 149294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuritin attenuates neuroinflammation and apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via endoplasmic reticulum stress-related inflammatory pathways 神经营养素通过内质网应激相关炎症途径减轻蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤中的神经炎症和细胞凋亡。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149293

Kunhao Ren , Linzhi Dai , Hao Zhang , Yaowen He , Bin Liu , Youjie Hu , Ketao Ma , Weidong Tian , Dong Zhao

{"title":"Neuritin attenuates neuroinflammation and apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via endoplasmic reticulum stress-related inflammatory pathways","authors":"Kunhao Ren , Linzhi Dai , Hao Zhang , Yaowen He , Bin Liu , Youjie Hu , Ketao Ma , Weidong Tian , Dong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroinflammation is a key destructive pathophysiological process in early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Recent studies have discovered that endoplasmic reticulum stress-related inflammatory pathways include the IRE1α-TRAF2-NF-κB pathway, PERK-eIF2α-NF-κB pathway, and ATF6-AKT −NF-κB pathway leading to neuroinflammatory response. Neuritin is a neurotrophin that is involved in neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Studies have suggested that Neuritin has a vital role in reducing neuroinflammation, and can also decrease the expression of proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum stress following SAH. This suggests that Neuritin could be a potential therapeutic target for SAH and other neurological conditions. However, the regulatory mechanisms of Neuritin in ER stress-related inflammatory pathways after SAH are not yet fully understood. In this work, we discovered that the activation of ER stress-related inflammatory pathways leads to neuroinflammation, which further aggravates neuronal apoptosis after SAH. Our findings indicate that Neuritin overexpression play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting IRE1α-TRAF2-NF-κB pathway, PERK-eIF2α-NF-κB pathway, and ATF6-AKT-NF-κB pathway associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress. These inhibitory effects on neuroinflammation ultimately reduce nerve cell apoptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1845 ","pages":"Article 149293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quinic acid contributes to neurogenesis: Targeting Notch pathway a key player in hippocampus 奎宁酸有助于神经发生：以海马中的关键角色 Notch 通路为目标

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149291

Maryam Niaz , Kanwal Iftikhar , Maha Shahid , Shaheen Faizi , Shabana Usman Simjee

{"title":"Quinic acid contributes to neurogenesis: Targeting Notch pathway a key player in hippocampus","authors":"Maryam Niaz , Kanwal Iftikhar , Maha Shahid , Shaheen Faizi , Shabana Usman Simjee","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coordinated proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) results in continuous neurogenesis. The present study provides novel insights into the Notch intracellular signaling in neuronal cell proliferation, maintenance, migration, and differentiation regulated by naturally based Quinic acid (QA) in primary hippocampal cell culture. Further, this study might help in the discovery and development of lead molecules that can overcome the challenges in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The growth supporting effect of QA was studied using Alamar Blue assay. The migratory potential of QA was evaluated using scratch assay. The <em>in vitro</em> H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress model was used to upregulate neuronal survival after QA treatment. The RT-qPCR and immunocytochemical analysis were performed for selected markers of Notch signaling to determine the proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance of NSCs at gene and molecular levels. The Mash1 and Ngn2 are the upstream proneural genes of the Notch pathway which were included to evaluate the differentiation of NSCs into mature neurons after treatment with QA.</div><div>Furthermore, regarding the role of QA in maintaining the pool of NPCs, we used Notch1 and Hes1 markers for proliferation analysis. Also, secondary neuronal markers i.e. Pax6, PCNA<strong>,</strong> and Mcm2 were included in this study and their gene expression analysis was analyzed following treatment with QA. Based on the study’s results, we suggest that naturally based QA can promote the growth and differentiation of neonatal NSCs residing in hippocampal regions into neuronal lineage. Therefore, we propose that the neurogenic potential of QA can be employed to prevent and treat neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1846 ","pages":"Article 149291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-depth investigation of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms between diabetes and ischemic stroke through gene expression and regulatory network analysis 通过基因表达和调控网络分析，深入研究糖尿病与缺血性中风之间复杂的病理生理机制。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149276

Ling Lin , Yuanxin Zhang , Fengshan Zeng , Chanyan Zhu , Chunmao Guo , Haixiong Huang , Hanna Jin , Huahua He , Shaolan Chen , Jinyan Zhou , Yao Chen , Yuqian Xu , Dongqi Li , Wenlin Yu

{"title":"In-depth investigation of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms between diabetes and ischemic stroke through gene expression and regulatory network analysis","authors":"Ling Lin , Yuanxin Zhang , Fengshan Zeng , Chanyan Zhu , Chunmao Guo , Haixiong Huang , Hanna Jin , Huahua He , Shaolan Chen , Jinyan Zhou , Yao Chen , Yuqian Xu , Dongqi Li , Wenlin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the intricate relationship between diabetes and ischemic stroke (IS) through gene expression analysis and regulatory network investigation to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Using datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, differential gene analysis was conducted on GSE43950 (diabetes) and GSE16561 (IS), revealing overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis, Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network construction, and hub gene identification were performed, followed by validation in independent datasets (GSE156035 and GSE58294). The analysis identified 307 upregulated and 156 downregulated overlapping DEGs with significant enrichment in GO and KEGG pathways. Key hub genes (TLR2, TLR4, HDAC1, ITGAM) were identified through a PPI network (257 nodes, 456 interactions), with their roles in immune and inflammatory responses highlighted through GeneMANIA analysis. TRRUST-based transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed regulatory links involving RELA, SPI1, STAT3, and SP1. Differential expression analysis confirmed that RELA and SPI1 were upregulated in diabetes, while SPI1, STAT3, and SP1 were linked to IS. These transcription factors are involved in regulating immunity and inflammation, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetes-IS comorbidity. This bioinformatics-driven approach offers new understanding of the gene interactions and pathways involved, paving the way for potential therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1845 ","pages":"Article 149276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variations of neuronal properties in the region of locus coeruleus of mice 小鼠脑区神经元特性的变化

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149289

Lucas Silva Tortorelli , Machhindra Garad , Marine Megemont , Sachiko Haga-Yamanaka , Anubhuti Goel , Hongdian Yang

{"title":"Variations of neuronal properties in the region of locus coeruleus of mice","authors":"Lucas Silva Tortorelli , Machhindra Garad , Marine Megemont , Sachiko Haga-Yamanaka , Anubhuti Goel , Hongdian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) have been traditionally viewed as a homogenous population. Recent studies begin to reveal their heterogeneity at multiple levels, ranging from molecular compositions to projection targets. To further uncover variations of neuronal properties in the LC, we took a genetic-based tagging approach to identify these neurons. Our data revealed diverse spike waveforms among neurons in the LC region, including a considerable fraction of narrow-spiking units. While all wide-spiking units possessed the regular waveform polarity (negative-positive deflection), the narrow units can be further divided based on opposing waveform polarities. Under anesthesia, wide units emitted action potential at a higher rate than the narrow units. Under wakefulness, only one subtype of narrow units exhibited fast-spiking phenotype. These neurons also had long latencies to optogenetic stimulation. <em>In-situ</em> hybridization further supported the existence of a small population of putative GABAergic neurons in the LC core. Together, our data reveal characteristic differences among neurons in the LC region, and suggest that a fraction of electrophysiologically-identified narrow-spiking neurons can be fast-spiking interneurons, and their fast-spiking feature is masked by anesthesia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1845 ","pages":"Article 149289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of white matter hyperintensities in type 1 diabetes and its relation to neuropathy and clinical characteristics 1 型糖尿病患者白质高密度的量化及其与神经病变和临床特征的关系。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149288

Tine M. Hansen , Suganthiya S. Croosu , Shahram Kianimehr , Mimoza Gjela , Johan Røikjer , Yousef Yavarian , Carsten D. Mørch , Niels Ejskjaer , Jens B. Frøkjær

{"title":"Quantification of white matter hyperintensities in type 1 diabetes and its relation to neuropathy and clinical characteristics","authors":"Tine M. Hansen , Suganthiya S. Croosu , Shahram Kianimehr , Mimoza Gjela , Johan Røikjer , Yousef Yavarian , Carsten D. Mørch , Niels Ejskjaer , Jens B. Frøkjær","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The aims were to quantify periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in adults with type 1 diabetes with different neuropathic phenotypes and to correlate WMH measurements to explanatory factors in diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>WMH measurements were obtained from brain magnetic resonance imaging of 56 adults with type 1 diabetes in subgroups including painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), painless DPN, without DPN and 20 healthy controls using Fazekas scale and automatic segmentation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No differences in Fazekas assessed WMHs were found (individuals with periventricular lesions: diabetes 66 % vs. controls 40 %, p = 0.063, deep lesions: diabetes 52 % vs. controls 50 %, p = 1.0). Using automatic detection, there were no significant differences in count of periventricular (p = 0.30) or deep (p = 0.31) WMHs. Higher periventricular lesion burden was present in diabetes compared with controls (0.21 % vs. 0.06 %, p = 0.048), which was associated with more severe DPN, increased age, decreased cognitive function, and reduced volumetric and metabolic brain measures (all p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate increased burden of periventricular WMHs in diabetes which were associated to DPN severity and measurements reflecting neurodegeneration. Deep WMHs, often considered as chronic ischemic, were not significantly different. Mechanisms reflecting neurodegeneration and accelerated brain aging could be an overlooked aspect of peripheral and central neuropathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1846 ","pages":"Article 149288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0