Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Nanofiltration-based purification process for whole-cell transformed prebiotic galactooligosaccharides.","authors":"Anita Srivastava, Arjun Rastogi, Avijeet S Jaswal, Jatindra K Sahu, Gopal P Agarwal, Saroj Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03132-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03132-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enrichment of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), synthesized by whole cells of Kluyveromyces marxianus 3551 in a 5.0-L bioreactor, was investigated in this study. The synthesized sugar mixture containing 17.89% (w/w of total carbohydrates) of GOS with 15.57% (w/w of total carbohydrates) of lactose, and 66.54% (w/w of total carbohydrates) monosaccharides as impurities, was subjected to nanofiltration for enrichment of GOS. Three distinct spiral wound membranes, namely, NFPS-01(polysulfone), NFCA-02 (cellulose acetate), and NFPES-03 (polyethersulfone) were tested out of which the NFPES-03 performed the best for fractionation of the GOS mixture. The polyethersulphone membrane (cut-off 400-1000 Da) was evaluated at 30 ℃ and 50 ℃, at different transmembrane pressures or TMP (15, 20, 25 bar) and a combination of high temperature (50 ℃) and low pressure (15 bar) gave the greatest difference in the trisaccharide and disaccharide/monosaccharide rejection percentages, resulting in enrichment of GOS. An analysis of the sugar concentrations in the retentate samples by high-performance liquid chromatography indicated the percentage recovery of GOS in the integrated process to be 88.8%. Measurement of the growth profile of several microbes on the nano-filtered GOS demonstrated its effectiveness as a prebiotic source.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"621-631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial community structure and functional characteristics in a membrane bioreactor used for real rural wastewater treatment.","authors":"Yanyan Wang, Shaoqing Su, Haojie Qiu, Liang Guo, Weihua Zhao, Yingying Qin, Chao Wang, Zhisheng Zhao, Xiang Ding, Guoli Liu, Tiantian Hu, Zenghua Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03129-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03129-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment because of their small footprint and high treatment efficiency. In this research, 10 rural wastewater treatment sites in China that employ the MBR process were systematically studied. Specifically, treatment of actual domestic wastewater using MBRs was examined by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to explore the microbial community composition and perform function prediction. The data of water quality parameters revealed high removal rates of chemical oxygen demand and NH₄⁺-N in all the sites. Proteobacteria were absolutely dominant in all the sites. Thauera, Nitrospira, Ferribacterium, and Dechloromonas were the main functional genera responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus removal at the tested sites. Nitrospira includes conventional nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Among them, 26 genes related to nitrogen metabolism were retrieved according to gene prediction, which verified the good NH₄⁺-N removal efficiency at the tested sites. This study focuses on the analysis of microbial community structure and functional characteristics of MBR-based treatment systems for rural wastewater treatment, thereby providing a microbial basis for improving rural wastewater treatment processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"577-588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kuetz and their potential biomedical applications.","authors":"Vinay Kumar, Yadvinder Singh, Sandeep Kaushal, Ranvijay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03133-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03133-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Present study deals with the green fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) employing cell-free aqueous extract of Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kuetz, freshwater algal species. The UV-visible, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, EDX, BET, XPS and Raman spectroscopic techniques were used to confirm and characterize the biosynthesized CuO NPs. The UV-Vis analysis revealed a sharp peak at 264 nm with a band gap of 3.7 eV, which was attributable to the fabrication of CuO NPs. FESEM and HRTEM detect the spherical-shaped morphology with size between 40 and 50 nm. The biochemical profiling of cell free extract of the C. glomerata by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of various bioactive biomolecules that may acts as a precursor for the fabrication of CuO NPs. The antibacterial study of fabricated CuO NPs revealed significant growth inhibitory potential against selected bacterial strains Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus with an IC₅₀ value of 10 μg/ml. The synthesized CuO NPs also displayed strong DPPH radical scavenging (IC₅₀ value 11.25 mg/L) and total antioxidant (IC₅₀ value 11 mg/L) properties. Further, the anticancer activity of fabricated CuO NPs was studied employing a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line by MTT assay, which marks their ability to diminish the 50% cell with IC₅₀ value of 168.6 µg/ml. Overall, the findings confirmed that CuO NPs fabricated employing cell-free extract of C. glomerata have the potential to be used as active agent in various biomedical applications after further detailed clinical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"633-646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antiurease activities of green-synthesized Zn, Se, and ZnSe nanoparticles against Streptococcus salivarius and Proteus mirabilis.","authors":"Sumeyra Gurkok, Murat Ozdal, Tuba Cakici, Esabi Basaran Kurbanoglu","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03130-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03130-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assesses the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antiurease properties of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanoparticles (NPs) against clinically pathogenic strains of Streptococcus salivarius and Proteus mirabilis. The Se, Zn, and ZnSe NPs, synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa OG1, were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealing average sizes of approximately 30 ± 10 nm, 30 ± 15 nm, and 40 ± 10 nm, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the morphological and topological characteristics of the NPs. The structural and crystal characteristics were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Among the evaluated NPs, Zn NPs at a concentration of 200 mg/mL exhibited the most substantial growth inhibition zone against S. salivarius. Conversely, the highest antibiofilm activity was observed against P. mirabilis, notably with 200 µg/mL Zn NPs. In the context of antiurease activity, both 100 μg Zn and ZnSe NPs caused complete urease inhibition (100%) in P. mirabilis within the initial 5 h, with notable inhibition rates of 94% and 80%, respectively, observed against S. salivarius. Significantly, in the current landscape of NP research primarily focused on antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, our study stands out due to its pioneering exploration of antiurease activities with these NPs. This distinctive emphasis on antiurease effects contributes original and unique value to our study, offering novel insights into the broader spectrum of NP applications, and paving the way for potential therapeutic advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"589-603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective sewage-powered microbial fuel cells with nitrogen-doped cobalt carbon nanofiber cathodes and biomass-derived graphitized anodes.","authors":"Nasser A M Barakat, Radwan A Almasri, Osama M Irfan","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03134-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03134-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the design and performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) utilizing sewage water as a renewable source for electricity generation. The proposed MFCs employ an air-cathode, single-chamber configuration that harnesses atmospheric oxygen as the electron acceptor, eliminating the need for consumable electron acceptor chemicals. Unlike traditional systems, no external microorganisms are introduced; instead, indigenous microbial communities present in sewage are utilized as efficient biocatalysts. The anode is constructed from graphitized corncob, a biomass-derived material that surpasses conventional anodes such as carbon cloth and carbon paper, achieving power densities of 450 ± 15 mW/m², outperforming 120 ± 7 and 105 ± 5 mW/m² of conventional anodes. For the cathode, N-doped and Co-incorporated carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are employed, representing a cost-effective alternative to precious metal-based catalysts. This cathode material demonstrates superior electrochemical performance, producing a power density of 750 ± 17 mW/m², a notable improvement over the Pt/C cathode. Optimization studies identified 5 wt% CNFs as the ideal loading for the cathode. These findings underscore the viability of this MFC configuration in harnessing sewage water for sustainable electricity generation while reducing costs and reliance on precious metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"647-663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient removal performance and microbial composition analysis in hybrid membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment.","authors":"Kamran Tari, Mohammad Reza Samarghandi, Reza Shokoohi, Ghorban Asgari, Eskandar Poorasgari, Pezhman Karami, Saeid Afshar","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03135-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03135-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The removal of nutrients from wastewater to reduce the toxicity of these compounds to the environment requires more space in wastewater treatment plants to establish anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic treatment stages. To address this limitation, researchers have developed practical, intensive hybrid treatment systems that enhance nutrient removal performance while requiring less space. However, the implementation of hybrid systems within a reactor introduces the interaction between the attached and suspended growth that can influence the microbial community structure and the performance of the system, so it is crucial to understand the composition of the microbial communities involved in hybrid growth to optimize control strategies in these systems. This study investigated the microbial community structure of the integrated moving bed membrane bioreactor (IMBMBR) system and its impact on nutrient removal in municipal wastewater. The findings demonstrated that the effluent quality was improved with the IMBMBR. The efficiency of removing COD, BOD₅, <math> <mrow><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow> <mo>+</mo></msubsup> <mtext>-N</mtext></mrow> </math> and <math> <mrow><msubsup><mtext>PO</mtext> <mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow> <mrow><mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo></mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>-P</mtext></mrow> </math> in the IMBMBR were 91 ± 4.0%, 95 ± 4.0%, 99 ± 0.2% and 24 ± 3.0%, respectively. The IMBMBR had better nitrite oxidation and complete nitrification by increasing the diversity and abundance of effective bacteria. The abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Nitrospira was enhanced in IMBMBR. Coexistence of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in IMBMBR led to increased nutrient removal. The study results suggest that IMBMBR can be an effective process for nutrient removal, achieving quality standards that comply with legal requirements for wastewater in municipal and industries with limited space for establishing treatment facilities. Additionally, this process can be quickly implemented as an upgrade to existing wastewater treatment plants, avoiding the need to develop an entirely new system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"665-678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesized ZnO and ZnO-based composites for wound healing applications.","authors":"Abdul Wafi, Mohammad Mansoob Khan","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03123-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03123-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have gained much attention in biomedical applications because of their distinctive physicochemical features such as low toxicity and biocompatible properties. Traditional methods to produce ZnO NPs sometimes include harmful substances and considerable energy consumption, causing environmental issues and potential health risks. Nowadays, the concern of ZnO production has moved toward environmentally friendly and sustainable synthesis methods, using natural extracts or plant-based precursors. This review discusses the green synthesis of ZnO NPs utilizing various plant extracts for wound healing applications. Moreover, ZnO NPs have antibacterial characteristics, which can prevent infection, a substantial obstacle in wound healing. Their ability to maintain inflammation, proliferation, oxidative stress, and promote angiogenesis proves their critical role in wound closure. In addition, ZnO NPs can also be easily and ideally incorporated with wound dressings and scaffolds such as hydrogel, chitosan, cellulose, alginate, and other materials, due to their exceptional mechanical properties. The latest publication of green synthesis of ZnO NPs and their applications for wound healing has been discussed. Therefore, this review provides a current update of knowledge on the sustainable and biocompatible ZnO NPs for specific applications, i.e., wound healing applications. In addition, the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using plant extracts also provides a particular approach in terms of material preparation, which is different from previous review articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"521-542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for enhanced production of p-coumaric acid via L-phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway.","authors":"Chorok Jeong, Seung Hee Han, Chang Gyu Lim, Sun Chang Kim, Ki Jun Jeong","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03128-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03128-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>p-Coumaric acid (p-CA), an invaluable phytochemical, has novel bioactivities, including antiproliferative, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective effects, and is the main precursor of various flavonoids, such as caffeic acid, naringenin, and resveratrol. Herein, we report the engineering of Escherichia coli for de novo production of p-CA via the PAL-C4H pathway. As the base strain, we used the E. coli H-02 strain, which was previously engineered for sufficient supplementation of L-phenylalanine, the main precursor of p-CA. For the bioconversion of L-Phe to p-CA, we constructed and optimized an expression system for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (SmPAL), codon-optimized cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (AtC4H), and its redox partner, cytochrome P450 reductase (AtCPR1). We confirmed that the engineered cell showed higher production of p-CA at 30 °C and the addition of 0.5 mM 5-aminolevulinic acid could increase the production titer further. Subsequently, the main pathways of acetic acid (poxB and pta-ackA) were eliminated to reduce its accumulation and restore cell growth. Next, to increase the available pool of cofactor (NADPH), the co-expression system of the zwf gene in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) was integrated into genome and the expression level was optimized with synthetic promoters. Finally, by optimizing fed-batch culture in a 5 L-scale bioreactor, the engineered strain achieved 1.5 g/L p-CA with a productivity of 31.8 mg/L/h.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"565-576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing pyrG marker by CRISPR/Cas facilities the highly-efficient precise genome editing on industrial Aspergillus niger strain.","authors":"Jingchun Sun, Xing Jiang, Feng Xu, Xiwei Tian, Ju Chu","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03136-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03136-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To prevent the unique difficulty of hygromycin-based gene editing on industrial A. niger strain and increase the working efficiency, the local pyrG marker was removed by well-designed dual sgRNAs and repair template through Cas9-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) strategy in this study. The positive rate of the desired pyrG auxotroph construction was 100%, while no transformant was observed using the traditional methods. The complementation strain showed similar fermentation character as the starting strain. Moreover, an efficient and seamless knock out plasmid-based strategy was established, achieving positive rate at 90% and 50% for challenging Δku70 and Δku80 respectively. Further, combined hygromycin markers and miniaturization cultivation were conducted to select the poor growth strain. Finally, skillfully designed sgRNA and amdS counter-selection repair template were used to obtain ERG3^Tyr185 mutation. A highly-efficient precise strategy was established for A. niger through a diagnostic PCR method, with nearly 100% positive rate. Highly- precise desired point mutation was achieved by the developed gene toolbox.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"679-691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling the recyclers: strategies for the immobilisation of a PET-degrading cutinase.","authors":"Stefanie Fritzsche, Marcus Popp, Lukas Spälter, Natalie Bonakdar, Nicolas Vogel, Kathrin Castiglione","doi":"10.1007/s00449-025-03131-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-025-03131-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) represents a sustainable approach to reducing plastic waste and protecting fossil resources. The cost efficiency of enzymatic PET degradation processes could be substantially improved by reusing the enzymes. However, conventional immobilisation strategies, such as binding to porous carriers, are challenging as the immobilised enzyme can only interact with the macromolecular solid PET substrate to a limited extent, thus reducing the degradation efficiency. To mitigate this challenge, this work compared different immobilisation strategies of the PET-degrading cutinase ICCG_DAQI. Immobilisation approaches included enzyme fixation via linkers to carriers, the synthesis of cross-linked enzyme aggregates with different porosities, and immobilisation on stimulus-responsive polymers. The highest degradation efficiencies were obtained with the pH-responsive material Kollicoat^®, where 80% of the initial enzyme activity could be recovered after immobilisation. Degradation of textile PET fibres by the cutinase-Kollicoat^® immobilisate was investigated in batch reactions on a 1 L-scale. In three consecutive reaction cycles, the product yield of the released terephthalic acid exceeded 97% in less than 14 h. Even in the fifth cycle, 78% of the maximum yield was achieved in the same reaction time. An advantage of this process is the efficient pH-dependent recovery of the immobilisate after the reaction, which integrates seamlessly into the terephthalic acid recovery by lowering the pH after hydrolysis. This integration therefore not only simplifies the downstream processing, but also provides a cost-effective and resource-efficient solution for both enzyme reuse and product separation after PET degradation, making it a promising approach for industrial application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"605-619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}