André D Valkenburg, George M Teke, Robert W M Pott, Eugéne van Rensburg
{"title":"The fed-batch production of mannosylerythritol lipids by Ustilago maydis DSM 4500 from hydrophilic carbon sources.","authors":"André D Valkenburg, George M Teke, Robert W M Pott, Eugéne van Rensburg","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03084-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03084-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycolipids are a class of widely studied biosurfactants with excellent applicability in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. This class of biosurfactants includes mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs), which have gained particular interest due to their moisturizing and healing activity for dry and damaged human skin, arising from conditions such as eczema. Traditionally, MELs have been produced by growing certain basidiomycetous yeasts on vegetable oils. However, oils are a comparatively expensive substrate, which negatively affects the economic performance of MEL production. In addition to this, vegetable oils significantly complicate the downstream processing required to produce a product with the required purity for most applications. To address these challenges, this study investigated MEL-A production exclusively from hydrophilic carbon sources by Ustilago maydis DSM 4500. By implementing a fed-batch production strategy, maximum MEL-A concentration of 0.87 g/L was achieved from glucose exclusively. Also, adding micronutrients (such as MnSO<sub>4</sub>) to MEL-A production showed a 24.1% increase in the product titer, implying other metabolites are formed, favoring MEL production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11470959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeynab Rangraz, Ali Jafari, Mansour Shahedi, Mostafa M Amini, Zohreh Habibi
{"title":"Encapsulation of Candida antarctica lipase B in metal-organic framework under ultrasound and using it to one-pot synthesis of 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrazoles.","authors":"Zeynab Rangraz, Ali Jafari, Mansour Shahedi, Mostafa M Amini, Zohreh Habibi","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03083-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03083-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Encapsulating the enzyme in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a convenient method to prepare MOF-enzyme biocomposite. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) was chosen to immobilize in Cu-BTC MOF under ultrasound irradiation. CAL-B was immobilized in Cu-BTC under ultrasound at 21 kHz and 11.4 W/cm<sup>2</sup> and incubation. 98% of CAL-B was immobilized in Cu-BTC with 99 U/mg activity (threefold more active than the free CAL-B). The prepared biocomposite was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, EDX, and BET. The thermal and solvent stability of CAL-B@Cu-BTC was investigated. It was found that at a temperature of 55 ℃, CAL-B@Cu-BTC maintains its activity even after 2 h of incubation. Furthermore, in the presence of 20% and 50% concentrations of MeCN, THF, and DMF, CAL-B@Cu-BTC was found to have an activity of over 80%. A prepared biocatalyst was used to synthesize 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrazole derivatives (50-75%) in a one-pot vessel, by adding phenyl hydrazine hydrochlorides, benzaldehydes, and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunlong Pang, LiQin Duan, Bo Song, YuLin Cui, XiaoYong Liu, TingTing Wang
{"title":"A Review of Fucoxanthin Biomanufacturing from Phaeodactylum tricornutum.","authors":"Yunlong Pang, LiQin Duan, Bo Song, YuLin Cui, XiaoYong Liu, TingTing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03039-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03039-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae, compared to macroalgae, exhibit advantages such as rapid growth rates, feasible large-scale cultivation, and high fucoxanthin content. Among these microalgae, Phaeodactylum tricornutum emerges as an optimal source for fucoxanthin production. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on fucoxanthin production using Phaeodactylum tricornutum from 2012 to 2022, offering detailed insights into various aspects, including strain selection, media optimization, nutritional requirements, lighting conditions, cell harvesting techniques, extraction solvents, extraction methodologies, as well as downstream separation and purification processes. Additionally, an economic analysis is performed to assess the costs of fucoxanthin production from Phaeodactylum tricornutum, with a comparative perspective to astaxanthin production from Haematococcus pluvialis. Lastly, this paper discusses the current challenges and future opportunities in this research field, serving as a valuable resource for researchers, producers, and industry managers seeking to further advance this domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation of native microorganisms from Shengli lignite and study on their ability to dissolve lignite.","authors":"Yinglin Zhao, Ruina Chai, Jianguo Duan, Zhiying Yang, Shuheng Zhang, Yunying Liu, Xiaoxia Wang, Jianguo Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03080-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03080-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To more greenly and efficiently utilize the abundant lignite resources and explore the microbial degradation and transformation potential of lignite for its environmentally friendly and resourceful utilization, Shengli lignite from the Hulunbuir region of Inner Mongolia, China, was selected as the research subject. Through the dilution plating method and streaking method, 31 native microorganisms were successfully isolated from the Shengli lignite, including 16 bacteria and 15 fungi. After microbial coal dissolution experiments, it was found that certain microorganisms have a significant dissolving effect on lignite, with some bacterial and fungal strains showing strong dissolution capabilities. In particular, the bacterium SH10 Lysinibacillus fusiformis and the fungus L1W Paecilomyces lilacinus demonstrated the best coal-dissolving abilities, with dissolution rates both reaching 60%. The products of microbial dissolution of lignite were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology, identifying a variety of small molecular organic compounds, including alkanes, alcohols, esters, and phenols. The results of this study provide a new perspective on the biodegradation of lignite and lay the foundation for the development of new lignite treatment and utilization technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaurav Sharma, Baljit Kaur, Yashika Raheja, Amarjeet Kaur, Varinder Singh, Neha Basotra, Marcos Di Falco, Adrian Tsang, Bhupinder Singh Chadha
{"title":"Developing endophytic Penicillium oxalicum as a source of lignocellulolytic enzymes for enhanced hydrolysis of biorefinery relevant pretreated rice straw.","authors":"Gaurav Sharma, Baljit Kaur, Yashika Raheja, Amarjeet Kaur, Varinder Singh, Neha Basotra, Marcos Di Falco, Adrian Tsang, Bhupinder Singh Chadha","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03085-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03085-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi, as plant symbionts, produce an elaborate array of enzymes for efficient disintegration of lignocellulosic biomass into constituent monomeric sugars, making them novel source of lignocellulolytic CAZymes with immense potential in future biorefineries. The present study reports lignocellulolytic enzymes production potential of an endophytic halotolerant Penicillium oxalicum strain isolated from Citrus limon, under submerged and solid-state fermentation (SmF & SSF, respectively), in the presence and absence of salt (1 M NaCl). The comparative QTOF-LC/MS-based exoproteome analysis of the culture extracts unveiled differential expression of CAZymes, with the higher abundance of GH6 and GH7 family cellobiohydrolase in the presence of 1 M salt. The strain improvement program, employing cyclic mutagenesis and diploidization, was utilized to develop hyper-cellulase producing mutant strains of P. oxalicum. The enzyme production of the developed strain (POx-M35) was further enhanced through statistical optimization of the culture conditions utilizing glucose mix disaccharides (GMDs) as an inducer. This optimization process resulted in the lignocellulolytic cocktail that contained high titers (U/mL) of endoglucanase (EG) (146.16), cellobiohydrolase (CBHI) (6.99), β-glucosidase (β-G) (26.21), xylanase (336.05) and FPase (2.02 U/mL), which were 5.47-, 5.54-, 8.55-, 4.96-, and 4.39-fold higher when compared to the enzyme titers obtained in wild HP1, respectively. Furthermore, the lignocellulolytic cocktails designed by blending secretome produced by mutant POx-M35 with xylanases (GH10 and GH11) derived from Malbranchea cinnamomea resulted in efficient hydrolysis of unwashed acid pretreated (UWAP) rice straw slurry and mild alkali deacetylated (MAD) rice straw. This study underscores the potential of bioprospecting novel fungus and developing an improved strain for optimized production and constitution of lignocellulolytic cocktails that can be an important determinant in advancing biomass conversion technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuo Shan, Yuan Bao, Xiangrong Liu, Xiaojing Wang, Dan Li
{"title":"Evolution characteristics and molecular constraints of microbial communities during coal biogasification.","authors":"Tuo Shan, Yuan Bao, Xiangrong Liu, Xiaojing Wang, Dan Li","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03086-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03086-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the production of biomethane, and variation in microbial community and coal molecular structures using gas chromatography, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, the factors influencing microbial community structure at a molecular level are discussed. The results demonstrate that bituminous coal exhibits a higher biomethane yield than anthracite coal. In bituminous coal samples, Escherichia and Proteiniphilum are the predominant bacteria at day 0, while Macellibacteroides dominates from days 5 to 35. Methanofollis is the dominated archaea during days 0 to 15, followed by Methanosarcina on day 35. In anthracite coal samples, Soehngenia is the dominant bacterial genus at day 0; however, it transitions to mainly Soehngenia and Aminobacterium within days 5-15 before evolving into Acetomicrobium on day 35. Methanocorpusculum is predominantly found in archaeal communities during days 0-15 but shifts to Methanosarcina on day 35. Alpha diversity analysis reveals that bacterial communities have higher species abundance and diversity compared to archaeal communities. Redundancy analysis indicates a significant correlation between coal molecular structure and bacterial community composition (P value < 0.05), whereas no correlation exists with archaeal community composition (P value > 0.05). The research findings provide theoretical support for revealing the biological gasification mechanisms of coal.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142341075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic wastes in Northwest China for D-glucaric acid production by an artificial microbial consortium.","authors":"Hao Fang, Yuchen Li, Yuqi Song, Liang Yu, Xiangyang Song, Chen Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03081-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03081-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D-glucaric acid is a platform chemical of great importance and the consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of lignocellulose by the microbial consortium of Trichoderma reesei C10 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae LGA-1C3S2 features prospects in biomanufacturing it. Here we compared some representative lignocelluloses in Northwest China including corn stover, wheat straw and switchgrass, and the leading pretreatments including steam explosion, subcritical water pretreatment, sodium hydroxide pretreatment, aqueous ammonia pretreatment, lime pretreatment, and diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment. It was found that sodium hydroxide pretreated switchgrass (SHPSG) was the best substrate for D-glucaric acid production, resulting in the highest D-glucaric acid titers, 11.69 ± 0.73 g/L in shake flask and 15.71 ± 0.80 g/L in 10L airlift fermenter, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest D-glucaric acid production titer from lignocellulosic biomass. This work offers a paradigm of producing low-cost D-glucaric acid for low-carbon polyethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate (PEF) and a reference on developing biorefinery in Northwest China.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boyan Li, Chenqi Wu, Senmeng Bai, Di Zhang, Chang Xu, Xiaofeng Yuan, Jiayi Tian, Jing Bai, Liangzhi Li, Jiaolong Fu
{"title":"Enhancement of ε-poly-L-lysine production by Streptomyces albulus FQF-24 with feeding strategies using cassava starch as carbon source.","authors":"Boyan Li, Chenqi Wu, Senmeng Bai, Di Zhang, Chang Xu, Xiaofeng Yuan, Jiayi Tian, Jing Bai, Liangzhi Li, Jiaolong Fu","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03078-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00449-024-03078-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a natural and wide-spectrum antimicrobial additive. In this study, the production of ε-PL by Streptomyces albulus FQF-24 using cassava starch (CS) as carbon source and the effects of different feeding methods were investigated in a fermenter. The initial shake flask experiments demonstrated the efficient production of ε-PL with CS, achieving the ε-PL production of 1.18 g/L. Subsequent investigations in the fermenter identified that the ideal pH was 3.8 during the ε-PL synthesis phase. Under this condition, the production of ε-PL reached 1.35 g/L. When the pH was maintained at 3.8, the investigation of improvement of feeding composition was carried out in a 5 L fermenter. The intermittent feeding containing CS, inorganic and organic nitrogen sources resulted in the maximum ε-PL production and dry cell weight (DCW) reaching 17.17 g/L and 42.73 g/L. Additionally, continuous feeding with the composition of CS, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, and inorganic salts further increased ε-PL production and DCW to 27.56 g/L and 38.5 g/L. Summarily, the above results indicate that the fermentation using low-cost CS and continuous feeding strategy with whole medium composition can provide a beneficial reference for the efficient production of ε-PL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thalakulam Shanmugam Boopathi, Asha Rajiv, T S Geetika Madan Patel, Lakshay Bareja, Saleh H Salmen, Hossam M Aljawdah, Palanisamy Arulselvan, Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash, Indumathi Thangavelu
{"title":"Efficient one-pot green synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose/folic acid embedded ultrafine CeO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite and its superior multi-drug resistant antibacterial activity and anticancer activity.","authors":"Thalakulam Shanmugam Boopathi, Asha Rajiv, T S Geetika Madan Patel, Lakshay Bareja, Saleh H Salmen, Hossam M Aljawdah, Palanisamy Arulselvan, Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash, Indumathi Thangavelu","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03097-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-024-03097-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria and the ongoing shortage of novel antibiotics as well as the challenge of treating breast cancer, the therapeutic and clinical sectors are consistently seeking effective nanomedicines. The incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles with biological macromolecules and an organic compound emerges as a promising strategy to enhance breast cancer treatment and antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria in various biomedical applications. This study aims to synthesize a unique nanocomposite consisting of CeO<sub>2</sub> embedded with folic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose (CFC NC) via a green precipitation method using Moringa oleifera. Various spectroscopic and microscopic analyses are utilized to decipher the physicochemical characteristics of CFC NC and active phytocompounds of Moringa oleifera. Antibacterial study against MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) demonstrated a higher activity (95.6%) for CFC NC compared to its counterparts. The impact is attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces a strong photo-oxidative stress, leading to the destruction of bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CFC NC are determined as 600 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL, respectively. The anticancer activity against breast cancer cell resulted in the IC<sub>50</sub> concentration of 10.8 μg/mL and 8.2 μg/mL for CeO<sub>2</sub> and CFC NC respectively.The biocompatibility test was conducted against fibroblast cells and found 85% of the cells viable, with less toxicity. Therefore, the newly synthesized CFC NC has potential applications in healthcare and industry, enhancing human health conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Fang, Xi Chen, Zhen Sun, Xiaodan Yan, Lani Shi, Congcong Jin
{"title":"Discovery and investigation of the truncation of the (GGGGS)n linker and its effect on the productivity of bispecific antibodies expressed in mammalian cells.","authors":"Yan Fang, Xi Chen, Zhen Sun, Xiaodan Yan, Lani Shi, Congcong Jin","doi":"10.1007/s00449-024-03100-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-024-03100-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein engineering is a powerful tool for designing or modifying therapeutic proteins for enhanced efficacy, increased safety, reduced immunogenicity, and improved delivery. Fusion proteins are an important group of therapeutic compounds that often require an ideal linker to combine diverse domains to fulfill the desired function. GGGGS [(G4S)n] linkers are commonly used during the engineering of proteins because of their flexibility and resistance to proteases. However, unexpected truncation was observed in the linker of a bispecific antibody, which presented challenges in terms of production and quality. In this work, a bispecific antibody containing 5*G4S was investigated, and the truncation position of the linkers was confirmed. Our investigation revealed that codon optimization, which can overcome the negative influence of a high repetition rate and high GC content in the (G4S)n linker, may reduce the truncation rate from 5-10% to 1-5%. Moreover, the probability of truncation when a shortened 3* or 4*G4S linker was used was much lower than that when a 5*G4S linker was used in mammalian cells. In the case of expressing a bispecific antibody, the bioactivity and purity of the product containing a shorter G4S linker were further investigated and are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}