BMC Medical Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Multiparametric MRI with DWI, SWI, and DSC-PWI for preoperative prediction of Ki-67, IDH, and ATRX in adult-type diffuse gliomas.","authors":"Muhammet Arif Kursun, Begumhan Baysal, Gulnihal Ay, Fatih Calis, Mehmet Sabri Gurbuz","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02607-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02607-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Imaging-based assessment of proliferative and molecular features in adult-type diffuse gliomas may support preoperative tumor characterization. This study evaluated conventional MRI combined with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) for their associations with Ki-67 index, IDH status, and ATRX expression status.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 126 patients with adult-type diffuse gliomas who underwent conventional MRI, DWI, and SWI; rCBV from DSC-PWI was available in 59 patients. Quantitative ADC and rCBV measurements were independently performed by two readers. Histopathological and molecular data were obtained from pathology reports. Ki-67 expression was dichotomized as low (< 10%) and high (≥ 10%). ROC analysis assessed the diagnostic performance of MRI parameters for high Ki-67 expression and WHO grade ≥ 3 tumors; sensitivity analyses were performed using alternative Ki-67 thresholds of ≥ 15%, ≥ 20%, ≥ 25%, and ≥ 30%. Potential selection bias related to rCBV availability was assessed, and multivariable logistic regression was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 126 patients, 84.1% had WHO grade 4 tumors. ADCmin, rADCmin, ADCmean, and rADCmean were significantly lower, whereas rCBVmax and ITSS grade were significantly higher, in tumors with high Ki-67 expression (all p < 0.001). High Ki-67 expression was also associated with necrosis, peritumoral edema, and heterogeneous enhancement. ADC-derived parameters differed significantly between IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype tumors. rCBVmax was higher in tumors with retained ATRX expression (p = 0.016). rCBVmax showed the highest diagnostic performance for high Ki-67 expression (AUC = 0.967; 95% CI: 0.920-1.000). In multivariable analysis, lower ADCmin and rADCmin remained independently associated with high Ki-67 expression, whereas ITSS grade did not. Interobserver agreement was excellent for quantitative ADC and rCBV measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiparametric MRI features, particularly diffusion-derived metrics and rCBVmax, were associated with proliferative activity in adult-type diffuse gliomas and may support preoperative noninvasive tumor characterization, but validation in larger and more balanced cohorts is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13700258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149262409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early detection of myocardial fibrosis in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction in the absence of late enhancement: role of T1 mapping and extracellular volume analysis.","authors":"Runze Wen, Qiang Xie, Bo Pan, Xingxing Zhu, Dan Li, Xuemei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02597-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02597-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) can exacerbate myocardial fibrosis, which may further impair microvascular function. However, the relationship between CMD and the extracellular volume fraction (ECV) in patients with ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) who are late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)-negative remains undetermined. We used T1 mapping and ECV to assess diffuse myocardial tissue abnormalities and extracellular compartment expansion in LGE-negative patients with CMD. We then investigated how these markers correlate with global myocardial flow reserve (MFR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between August 2024 and May 2026, we prospectively enrolled 86 LGE-negative patients with INOCA from a single center who underwent a positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MRI) protocol. Patients with significant epicardial stenosis (stenosis on coronary angiogram or computed tomography ≥ 50%), prior history of revascularization, known myocardial infarction, or heart failure were excluded. MFR and ECV were derived from PET perfusion imaging and pre- and post-T1 mapping, respectively. CMD was defined as PET-derived MFR of < 2.0 in at least one major coronary artery territory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 86 patients included, 39 (45.3%) were diagnosed with CMD. ECV was substantially higher in the CMD group (31.22 [29.93, 33.25]% vs. 26.66 [25.85, 27.55]%, P < 0.001), with a more modest but statistically significant elevation in native T1 (1225 ± 25 ms vs. 1212 ± 21 ms, P = 0.012). Multivariable linear regression revealed that only global MFR (β [95% confidence interval] = - 1.905 [- 2.489, - 1.321], P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of ECV in LGE-negative CMD patients. In the overall cohort, resting myocardial blood flow (MBF) (r = 0.539, P < 0.001) and global MFR (r = - 0.741, P < 0.001) were positively and negatively correlated with ECV, respectively. When participants were stratified into ECV tertiles, global MFR showed a progressive decrease (2.92 vs. 2.48 vs. 1.78; P < 0.001 for trend) with increasing ECV values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with INOCA with CMD, prolonged native T1 and elevated ECV indicate diffuse interstitial expansion, consistent with early tissue remodeling, even when LGE is absent on CMR. These findings suggest that native T1 and ECV may hold promise as adjunctive tissue markers to support risk stratification, though their role in clinical management requires further validation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13681898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a silver filter with deep learning reconstruction on non-contrast MDCT of adrenal glands in terms of image quality, density values and radiation dose.","authors":"Catherine Roy, Quentin le Duff, Luc Mertz, Hugo Jaillet, Aissam Labani, Sébastien Moliére, Mickael Ohana","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02598-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02598-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate whether the use of a silver beam filtration with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) impact the normal adrenal gland on unenhanced MDCT in terms of density, image quality and radiation dose.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This unicentric retrospective study evaluated two unenhanced MDCT acquisitions of 123 patients performed with a conventional filtration (Group A) and with a silver filtration (Group B) on a 320-detector row CT scanner with DLR. A total of 246 series, corresponding to 492 adrenal glands, were analyzed. We recorded the HU values of the normal adrenal gland, subcutaneous fat and extra corporeal air as well as the radiation dose and assessed image quality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The subjective image quality was excellent, with no significant difference between the two acquisitions with a mean score on the Likert scale of 4.6 ± 0.3 and 4.1 ± 0.6 for groups A and B, respectively (p = 0.09). Interobserver agreement for image quality was good and quite similar for both groups (group B: k= 0.86; group A: k= 0.90). The mean density of adrenal gland was 15.65 ± 5.5 HU with conventional filtration (Group A) and 13.05 ± 4.5 HU for silver filtration (Group B). For the right adrenal gland, the median values were 15.8 HU and 12.9 HU for group A and B, respectively (p=0.01). For the left adrenal gland, the median values were 15.5 HU and 13.2 HU for group A and B, respectively (p=0.03). A subgroup of 135 adrenal glands (including both right and left side) with a density value ≤ 15HU using conventional filtration (Subgroup A) showed a statistically significant lower median value with silver filtration (Subgroup B). Inside this ≤ 15 HU subgroup, 59 adrenal glands had a density value equal or lower than 10 HU of which 48 belonged to subgroup B. A reduction in HU values of 18% was observed with the silver filter in the overall cohort (492 adrenal glands), and 26% in the subgroup ≤ 15 HU. Similarly, the mean score for image noise was 7.6 ± 1.5 for conventional filter and 8.3 ± 0.9 for silver filtration, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.08). Radiation dose was significantly reduced by 35% in examinations performed with silver filtration when compared to conventional filter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The spontaneous density of normal adrenal gland is lower than previously reported. Implementing silver filtration with DLR in CT acquisition achieves a significant radiation dose reduction while preserving image quality, along with a decrease in adrenal gland HU values, often below 10 HU. This must be taken into account as this is the threshold of the key reference for adenoma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trial registration: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is part of a routine clinical practice. This unicentric retrospective study was approved by our local institutional review board, and written informed patient consent was not required. The patients were orally informed that their second CT examinat","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of protective eyewear and device position on operator radiation dose during handheld portable X‑ray device use.","authors":"Sinem Coşkun Albayrak, Alican Kuran, Murat Doğuş Günel","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02593-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02593-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The use of handheld dental X-ray devices has been increasing, raising concerns about operator radiation exposure. This study evaluated the effects of handheld dental X-ray device positioning and protective eyewear on the absorbed dose received by the operator's eye lens and pituitary gland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Calibrated optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters were placed at the eye lens and sphenoid regions of an anthropomorphic head phantom. Measurements were obtained under different device positioning scenarios, with and without protective eyewear. Four operator positions were evaluated, and 30 repeated irradiations were performed under each condition, both with and without protective eyewear, resulting in a total of 720 individual measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both operator positioning and the use of protective eyewear significantly influenced absorbed dose levels. Protective eyewear reduced ocular and sphenoidal exposure across all evaluated positions, with the greatest reduction observed when combined with optimal device angulation. Across all positions, the use of protective eyewear decreased absorbed dose by approximately 48-70% (p < 0.001 for all comparisons), with the largest reductions observed under the shielding condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Appropriate operator positioning and the consistent use of protective eyewear are essential for minimizing radiation exposure to radiosensitive structures during handheld dental X-ray procedures. Under the conditions evaluated in this phantom study, the combination of a 45° device angulation and protective eyewear resulted in the lowest absorbed dose values, suggesting that this approach may help reduce operator radiation exposure.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of double inversion recovery MRI sequences in the diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the spinal cord.","authors":"Yannan Zhang, Qian Xiao, Dan Zhu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Yibin Wang, Genlin Zong, Ailan Cheng, Shuguang Chu","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02595-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02595-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinal inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) often exhibit overlapping imaging features across different etiologies. This study aims to compare and analyze the differences in qualitative diagnostic capability (specificity) and lesion detection performance (including lesion count and lesion contrast) between DIR and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) in spinal cord IDDs, thereby exploring the diagnostic value of the DIR in these conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospectively analyzed MRI data of 20 spinal demyelinating disease patients (13 MS, 4 ADEM, 3 NMOSD) from March 2022 to November 2024. Two radiologists independently performed qualitative diagnosis for all patients using DIR and T2WI images. They then counted the lesions on spinal cord DIR and T2WI, and calculated the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal intensity ratio (SIR) for all lesions. Lesion contrast differences were compared using CNR and SIR values. Inter-observer agreement was measured by ICC analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-observer agreement was excellent for DIR (κ = 0.83) and substantial for T2WI (κ = 0.76). Consensus diagnosed 16 cases on DIR versus 6 on T2WI. Lesion count agreement was good (ICC > 0.75) both on T2WI and DIR. DIR detected 77.78% more lesions (p < 0.05). DIR showed higher CNR (8.74 ± 2.04 vs. 2.83 ± 0.74) and SIR (0.98 ± 0.40 vs. 0.37 ± 0.14) than T2WI (both p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with conventional T2WI, DIR demonstrated significantly improved lesion detection capability, revealing more lesions with higher CNR and SIR values. DIR sequences showed superior diagnostic performance (specificity) for spinal IDDs than T2WI. We recommend DIR sequences as a supplementary MRI protocol for evaluating spinal IDDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13682150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing carotid plaque visualization: the advantage of subtraction imaging from dual-layer spectral CT.","authors":"Yuanyuan Wu, Xueke Zhang, Zeyuan Cao, Xin Shen, Shaokun Hu, Dongliang Hu, Yiru Shen, Manman Cui, Duchang Zhai, Xingbiao Chen, Shenghong Ju, Wu Cai","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02596-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02596-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Computed tomography angiography (CTA) has become the primary method for detecting carotid atherosclerosis. However, the visibility of the arterial wall on the CTA is poor because of the high attenuation lumen filled with contrast agent. To optimize the display of the carotid arterial walls, this study proposed a black blood technique by generating subtraction images (CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt;) based on dual-layer spectral CT, and explored its role in the assessment of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; were generated by subtracting virtual monochrome images (VMI) from virtual non-contrast images (VNC) obtained from SDCT scans. Two senior radiologists and two junior radiologists read conventional CTA images (CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt;) with and without CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. The inter-reader agreement for plaque classification of each extracranial carotid artery and diagnostic confidence were compared. The extracranial carotid wall visibility, outer margin conspicuity of non-calcified components, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the non-calcified components as well as the stenosis rate at the narrowest level were compared between CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; and CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt;. Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (hrMRI) as the standard, the accuracy in plaque burden estimation on CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt; and CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; were compared. The paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for the comparison between CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; and CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt;. The Cohen κ value and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the consistency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 119 patients were included in the comparisons between CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; and CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt; and a total of 31 patients were enrolled in the plaque burden comparison between CTA and hrMRI. CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; improved the consistency of plaque classification between radiologists and increased their diagnostic confidence. CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; also provide better arterial wall visibility and clearer outer margin conspicuity of non-calcified components. The SNR and CNRs of non-calcified components were obviously elevated on CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; (SNR: 12.86 ± 6.51 vs. 7.77 ± 4.30; CNR&lt;sub&gt;non-calcified/fat&lt;/sub&gt;: 33.13 ± 2.65 vs. 24.96 ± 7.90; CNR&lt;sub&gt;non-calcified/muscle&lt;/sub&gt;: 8.58 ± 4.27 vs. 6.64 ± 4.11, all p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; displayed good to excellent consistency with CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt; in stenosis rate measurement (NASCET: ICC = 0.919; ECST: ICC = 0.889, both p &lt; 0.001) and a more closer estimation of plaque burden to hrMRI than CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt;(ICC = 0.938 vs. 0.842, p &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;As a complement to CTA&lt;sub&gt;con&lt;/sub&gt;, CTA&lt;sub&gt;sub&lt;/sub&gt; not only improves visualization of the extracranial carotid wall and non-calcified plaque components but also enables accurate quantificat","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel biological interpretation of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis: insights from brain functional connectivity gradient and serum multi-omics analysis.","authors":"Ting Yang, Tongpeng Chu, Xiaoyu Song, Hanrui Wang, Yao Wang, Ning Mao, Kaili Che, Fanghui Dong, Wanchen Liu, Anan Li, Chao Ren, Yakui Mou, Xicheng Song","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02602-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02602-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The \"nose-brain axis\" has been proposed as a key mechanism linking allergic rhinitis (AR) to central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction; however, alterations in functional connectivity (FC) gradients remain unexplored in AR. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the correlation between brain FC gradients and AR-related peripheral multi-omics profiles, as well as their clinical significance, through multimodal cross scale analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled cross-scale data from 22 AR patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs), including resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), serum proteomics and metabolomics, and clinical assessments. FC gradient analysis was employed to investigate hierarchical brain functional organization, with gradient values compared at global, regional, and network levels. Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used to integrate the multidimensional associations among FC gradients, peripheral molecular signatures, and behavioral phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed at the global or Yeo's seven canonical networks. However, refined regional analysis revealed significant FC gradient alterations predominantly within the Default mode (DMN), Somatomotor (SMN), and Limbic (LN) networks, particularly in RH_Default_Temp_5 (p = 0.0031) and LH_Limbic_OFC_4 (p = 0.0034). These regional gradient abnormalities correlated significantly with AR severity and neuropsychiatric symptoms (p < 0.05), indicating \"local fine-tuning\" rather than \"global collapse\" in brain functional remodeling. Multi-omic profiling identified 121 differentially expressed proteins, 197 positive-ion-mode metabolites, 134 negative-ion-mode metabolites. The integrative analysis demonstrated significant associations between these peripheral molecular signatures and AR-related FC gradient alterations. These differentially expressed molecules were primarily enriched in immune response, complement activation, lipids and lipid-like molecules, and cholesterol metabolism pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of distinct FC gradient alterations in AR that are coupled to peripheral multi-omic shifts, offering novel insights into CNS mechanisms of AR and identifying potential molecular-neuroimaging biomarkers candidates for precision diagnosis and targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capability of multiparametric MRI to detect diabetic nephropathy in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective preliminary study.","authors":"Wei Mao, Xiaoqiang Ding, Caixia Fu, Bernd Kuehn, Dominik Nickel, Robert Grimm, Thomas Benkert, Mengsu Zeng, Jianjun Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02588-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02588-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is important for improving prognosis of patients, but the noninvasive and reliable diagnostic tool is lacking. We aim to investigate the ability of multiparametric MRI for detecting early DN in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between June 2023 and October 2024, we prospectively recruited 80 patients(diabetic patients group, n = 42, 53.4 ± 10.0 years old; DN patients group, n = 38, 47.9 ± 10.9 years old) and 16 healthy volunteers(control group, 49.5 ± 9.5 years old). All participants were examined using multiparametric MRI(IVIM, DKI, ASL and T1 mapping). The true diffusion coefficient(D), perfusion fraction(f), mean diffusivity(MD), mean kurtosis(MK), renal blood flow(RBF), T1 values in renal cortex were measured. Renal cortical MRI parameters among 3 groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance. Correlation between estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), 24-hour urine albumin(24 h-UA) and renal cortical MRI parameters was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. The diagnostic performances of MRI parameters compared with biochemical indexes for detecting early DN were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Renal cortical MRI parameters demonstrated statistically significant differences among 3 groups(P < 0.050). The eGFR, 24 h-UA significantly correlated with renal cortical MRI parameters(P < 0. 001). The areas under the curve(AUCs) for discriminating diabetic patients group from DN patients group were 0.706, 0.864, 0.732, 0.718, 0.910 and 0.718 for D, f, MD, MK, RBF and T1 values. AUCs of renal cortical f, RBF values were significantly larger than that of eGFR, serum creatinine, 24 h-UA, fasting blood glucose(P < 0.050).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging and arterial spin labeling exhibited considerable promise as noninvasive tools for detecting DN in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated morphometric segmentation analysis of hand X-ray image using deep learning network.","authors":"Yiyang Zhang, Zhukai Zhuang, Pengli Yu, Yachong Guo, Xiaocheng Shi, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02511-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02511-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid development of deep learning in computer vision has led to increasing interest in its applications to medical image analysis. While many studies have focused on morphometric measurements from MR and CT images, comparatively few works have applied deep learning to extract morphometric features from hand X-ray images.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research aims to establish a scheme for deep learning based automatic segmentation and morphology feature extraction of hand X-ray images with accuracy and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 668 hand X-ray images from patients were obtained and were randomly classified as 498 training images(74.6%), 102 validation images(15.2%) and 68 testing images(10.2%). A combination of nnU-net and YOLO deep learning model is applied to perform the automatic segmentation. The outcomes were benchmarked against manual segmentations performed by experienced clinicians, enabling an assessment of the model's accuracy and overall performance. An in-house program was applied to the segmented part to extract the morphology features, such as Finger Bone Length(FBL) and Finger Bone Width(FBW).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For nnU-net training, the IoU score on the training dataset is 0.9596 and the IoU score on the validation dataset is 0.9584. For YOLOv8 training, we got an accuracy of 0.9816 and a loss of 0.0627. For feature extraction, the Pearson and Spearmann coefficient between automatic and manual results along with ICC shows the consistency of our automatic feature extraction method and human extracted method at a 95% confidence level, and the mean difference is close to zero. As a result, our scheme proved both accurate and precise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We present a two-stage, clinically interpretable workflow for hand X-ray analysis that combines nnU-Net-based hand ROI segmentation with YOLO bone-wise instance segmentation, followed by automated extraction of finger-bone morphometric indicators (FBL/FBW). Beyond reporting segmentation/detection metrics, we quantitatively validate the extracted morphometrics against expert measurements using correlation, ICC, and Bland-Altman analysis, demonstrating consistent bone-wise agreement and supporting the potential utility of the pipeline for standardized clinical measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13681994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combi-elasto ultrasound based deep learning model on liver fibrosis staging for suspected MASLD/MASH patients.","authors":"Daolin Xie, Fei Pei, Minghua Ying, Lei Ding, Shun Lv, Qiuping Zhao, Xin Li, Xiaoyan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02539-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02539-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) weakened the diagnostic ability of traditional elastography ultrasound on liver fibrosis. Combi-elasto ultrasound can simultaneously reflect the information of fibrosis degree and fat accumulation, thus have better potential and generality for liver fibrosis. We aim to develop a combi-elasto ultrasound based deep learning (DL) model for fibrosis staging in suspected MASLD/MASH patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with overweight, type-2 diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia, and without alcoholic, drug-induced, and genetic hepatitis history were defined as suspected MASLD/MASH patients. Fibrosis stages were classified as none or mild (F0/F1), moderate (F2), and severe (F3/F4). Combi-elasto images from ten centers were collected to build the DL model. OpenCV was applied to automatically extract image information, Resnet-50 was used to analyze image feature, and adversarial training (AT) algorithm was introduced to enhance model generality. Traditional DL model without AT algorithm, and other seven classical fibrosis models were also built to compare with AT-DL model. Subgroup analysis on pathological confirmed normal, MASLD and MASH patients were performed to test model generality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2022 to December 2023, 295 patients from eight centers were divided into training (n = 204) and validation (n = 91) sets. 101 patients from two independent centers were collected as external test set. In test set, AT-DL model achieved significantly higher accuracy than traditional DL model (0.871 vs. 0.812, p = 0.021) and all other classical models (0.545-0.762, all p < 0.05). For pathological confirmed normal patients, AT-DL and traditional DL models had comparable accuracy (0.881 vs. 0.905, p = 0.274). However, for pathological confirmed MASLD and MASH patients, AT-DL model showed significantly accuracy than traditional DL model (0.900 vs. 0.800, p = 0.028 and 0.828 vs. 0.690, p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combi-elasto ultrasound based AT-DL model had satisfactory performance on fibrosis staging in suspected MASLD/MASH patients, and could reliable non-invasive monitoring of fibrosis progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148496930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}