Biofabrication最新文献

{"title":"Integration of bioprinting advances and biomechanical strategies for<i>in vitro</i>lung modelling.","authors":"Kathryn Avery, Xiongbiao Chen","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad91e2","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad91e2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic and frequent wildfires have worsened pulmonary diseases and raised the urgent need for investigating host-pathogen interactions and advancing drug and vaccine therapies. Historically, research and experimental studies have relied on two-dimensional cell culture dishes and/or animal models, which suffer from physiological differences from the human lung. More recently, there has been investigation into the use of lung-on-a-chip models and organoids, while the use of bioprinting technologies has also emerged to fabricate three-dimensional constructs or lung models with enhanced physiological relevance. Concurrently, achievements have also been made to develop biomimetic strategies for simulating the<i>in vivo</i>biomechanical conditions induced by lung breathing, though challenges remain with incorporating these strategies with bioprinted models. Bioprinted models combined with advanced biomimetic strategies would represent a promising approach to advance disease discovery and therapeutic development. As inspired, this article briefly reviews the recent progress of both bioprinted<i>in vitro</i>lung models and biomechanical strategies, with a focus on native lung tissue microstructure and biomechanical properties, bioprinted constructs, and biomimetic strategies to mimic the native environment. This article also urges that the integration of bioprinting advances and biomimetic strategies would be essential to achieve synergistic effects for<i>in vitro</i>lung modelling. Key issues and challenges are also identified and discussed along with recommendations for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape/properties collaborative intelligent manufacturing of artificial bone scaffold: structural design and additive manufacturing process.","authors":"Pei Feng, Lingxi Liu, Feng Yang, Rui Min, Ping Wu, Cijun Shuai","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad905f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad905f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial bone graft stands out for avoiding limited source of autograft as well as susceptibility to infection of allograft, which makes it a current research hotspot in the field of bone defect repair. However, traditional design and manufacturing method cannot fabricate bone scaffold that well mimics complicated bone-like shape with interconnected porous structure and multiple properties akin to human natural bone. Additive manufacturing, which can achieve implant's tailored external contour and controllable fabrication of internal microporous structure, is able to form almost any shape of designed bone scaffold via layer-by-layer process. As additive manufacturing is promising in building artificial bone scaffold, only combining excellent structural design with appropriate additive manufacturing process can produce bone scaffold with ideal biological and mechanical properties. In this article, we sum up and analyze state of art design and additive manufacturing methods for bone scaffold to realize shape/properties collaborative intelligent manufacturing. Scaffold design can be mainly classified into design based on unit cells and whole structure, while basic additive manufacturing and 3D bioprinting are the recommended suitable additive manufacturing methods for bone scaffold fabrication. The challenges and future perspectives in additive manufactured bone scaffold are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid 3D bioprinting for advanced tissue-engineered trachea: merging fused deposition modeling (FDM) and top-down digital light processing (DLP).","authors":"Ji Seung Lee, Harry Jung, Olatunji Ajiteru, Ok Joo Lee, Soon Hee Kim, Hae Sang Park, Chan Hum Park","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad92da","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad92da","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this present study, we introduce an innovative hybrid 3D bioprinting methodology that integrates fused deposition modeling (FDM) with top-down digital light processing (DLP) for the fabrication of an artificial trachea. Initially, polycaprolactone (PCL) was incorporated using an FDM 3D printer to provide essential mechanical support, replicating the structure of tracheal cartilage. Subsequently, a chondrocyte-laden glycidyl methacrylated silk fibroin hydrogel was introduced via top-down DLP into the PCL scaffold (PCL-Sil scaffold). The mechanical evaluation of PCL-Sil scaffolds showed that they have greater flexibility than PCL scaffolds, with a higher deformation rate (PCL-Sil scaffolds: 140.9% ± 5.37% vs. PCL scaffolds: 124.3% ± 6.25%) and ability to withstand more force before fracturing (3.860 ± 0.140 N for PCL-Sil scaffolds vs. 2.502 ± 0.126 N for PCL scaffolds, ***<i>P</i>< 0.001). Both types of scaffolds showed similar axial compressive strengths (PCL-Sil scaffolds: 4.276 ± 0.127 MPa vs. PCL scaffolds: 4.291 ± 0.135 MPa). Additionally, PCL-Sil scaffolds supported fibroblast proliferation, indicating good biocompatibility.<i>In vivo</i>testing of PCL-Sil scaffolds in a partial tracheal defect rabbit model demonstrated effective tissue regeneration. The scaffolds were pre-cultured in the omentum for two weeks to promote vascularization before transplantation. Eight weeks after transplantation into the animal, bronchoscopy and histological analysis confirmed that the omentum-cultured PCL-Sil scaffolds facilitated rapid tissue regeneration and maintained the luminal diameter at the anastomosis site without signs of stenosis or inflammation. Validation study to assess the feasibility of our hybrid 3D bioprinting technique showed that structures, not only the trachea but also the vertebral bone-disc and trachea-lung complex, were successfully printed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CMC/Gel/GO 3D-printed cardiac patches: GO and CMC improve flexibility and promote H9C2 cell proliferation, while EDC/NHS enhances stability.","authors":"Şule Arıcı, Ali Reza Kamali, Duygu Ege","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8e87","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8e87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this research, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/gelatin (Gel)/graphene oxide (GO)-based scaffolds were produced by using extrusion-based 3D printing for cardiac tissue regeneration. Rheological studies were conducted to evaluate the printability of CMC/Gel/GO inks, which revealed that CMC increased viscosity and enhanced printability. The 3D-printed cardiac patches were crosslinked with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-n'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) (100:20 mM, 50:10 mM, 25:5 mM) and then characterized by mechanical analysis, electrical conductivity testing, contact angle measurements and degradation studies. Subsequently, cell culture studies were conducted to evaluate the viability of H9C2 cardiomyoblast cells by using the Alamar Blue assay and fluorescence imaging. A high concentration of EDC/NHS (100:20 mM) led to the stability of the patches; however, it drastically reduced the flexibility of the scaffolds. Conversely, a concentration of 25:5 mM resulted in flexible but unstable scaffolds in phosphate buffer saline solution. The suitable EDC/NHS concentration was found to be 50:10 mM, as it produced flexible, stable, and stiff cardiac scaffolds with high ultimate tensile strength. Mechanical characterization revealed that % strain at break of C15/G7.5/GO1 exhibited a remarkable increase of 61.03% compared to C15/G7.5 samples. The improvement of flexibility was attributed to the hydrogen bonding between CMC, Gel and GO. The electrical conductivity of 3D printed CMC/Gel/GO cardiac patches was 7.0 × 10^-3S cm^-1, demonstrating suitability for mimicking the desired electrical conductivity of human myocardium. The incorporation of 1 wt% of GO and addition of CMC concentration from 7.5 wt% to 15 wt% significantly enhanced relative % cell viability. Overall, although this research is at its infancy, CMC/Gel/GO cardiac patches have potential to improve the physiological function of cardiac tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated production of nerve repair constructs containing endothelial cell tube-like structures.","authors":"Poppy O Smith, Guanbingxue Huang, Kate Devries, Showan N Nazhat, James B Phillips","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8efd","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8efd","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Engineered neural tissue (EngNT) is a stabilised aligned cellular hydrogel that offers a potential alternative to the nerve autograft for the treatment of severe peripheral nerve injury. This work aimed to automate the production of EngNT, to improve the feasibility of scalable manufacture for clinical translation. Endothelial cells were used as the cellular component of the EngNT, with the formation of endothelial cell tube-like structures mimicking the polarised vascular structures formed early on in the natural regenerative process. Gel aspiration-ejection for the production of EngNT was automated by integrating a syringe pump with a robotic positioning system, using software coded in Python to control both devices. Having established the production method and tested mechanical properties, the EngNT containing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EngNT-HUVEC) was characterised in terms of viability and alignment, compatibility with neurite outgrowth from rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and formation of endothelial cell networks<i>in vitro</i>. EngNT-HUVEC manufactured using the automated system contained viable and aligned endothelial cells, which developed into a network of multinucleated endothelial cell tube-like structures inside the constructs and an outer layer of endothelialisation. The EngNT-HUVEC constructs were made in various sizes within minutes. Constructs provided support and guidance to regenerating neurites<i>in vitro</i>. This work automated the formation of EngNT, facilitating high throughput manufacture at scale. The formation of endothelial cell tube-like structures within stabilised hydrogels provides an engineered tissue with potential for use in nerve repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of endothelialized capillary-like microchannel networks using sacrificial thermoresponsive microfibers.","authors":"John A Rector Iv, Lucas McBride, Callie M Weber, Kira Grossman, Alexander Sorets, Lissa Ventura-Antunes, Isabella Holtz, Katherine Young, Matthew Schrag, Ethan S Lippmann, Leon M Bellan","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad867d","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad867d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the body, capillary beds fulfill the metabolic needs of cells by acting as the sites of diffusive transport for vital gasses and nutrients. In artificial tissues, replicating the scale and complexity of capillaries has proved challenging, especially in a three-dimensional context. In order to better develop thick artificial tissues, it will be necessary to recreate both the form and function of capillaries. Here we demonstrate a top-down method of patterning hydrogels using sacrificial templates formed from thermoresponsive microfibers whose size and architecture approach those of natural capillaries. Within the resulting microchannels, we cultured endothelial monolayers that remain viable for over three weeks and exhibited functional barrier properties. Additionally, we cultured endothelialized microchannels within hydrogels containing fibroblasts and characterized the viability of the co-cultures to demonstrate this approach's potential when applied to cell-laden hydrogels. This method represents a step forward in the evolution of artificial tissues and a path towards producing viable capillary-scale microvasculature for engineered organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulated inter-filament fusion in embedded 3D printing.","authors":"Leanne M Friedrich, Ross T Gunther","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8fd5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8fd5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In embedded 3D printing (EMB3D), a nozzle extrudes continuous filaments inside of a viscoelastic support bath. Compared to other extrusion processes, EMB3D enables softer structures and print paths that conform better to the shape of the part, allowing for complex structures such as tissues and organs. However, strategies for high-quality dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties remain undocumented in EMB3D. This work uses computational fluid dynamics simulations in OpenFOAM to probe the underlying physics behind two processes: deformation of the printed part due to nearby nozzle motion and fusion between neighboring filaments during printing. Through simulations, we disentangle yielding from viscous dissipation, and we isolate interfacial tension effects from rheology effects, which are difficult to separate in experiments. Critically, these simulations find that disturbance and fusion are controlled by the flow of support fluid around the nozzle. To avoid part deformation, the nozzle must remain far from existing parts during non-printing moves, moreso when traveling next to the part than above the part and especially when the interfacial tension between the ink and support is non-zero. Additionally, because support can become trapped between filaments at zero interfacial tension, the spacing between filaments must be tight enough to produce over-printing, or printing too much material for the designed space. In non-Newtonian fluids, spacings for vertical walls must be even tighter than spacings for horizontal planes. At these spacings, printing a new filament sometimes creates and sometimes mitigates shape defects in the old filament. While non-zero ink-support interfacial tensions produce better inter-filament fusion than zero interfacial tension, interfacial tension also produces shape defects. Slicing algorithms that consider these unique EMB3D defects are needed to improve mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of bioprinted constructs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i>bioprinted 3D model enhancing osteoblast-to-osteocyte differentiation.","authors":"Sarah Pragnere, Lucie Essayan, Naima El-Kholti, Emma Petiot, Cyril Pailler-Mattei","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8ca6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ad8ca6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>In vitro</i>bone models are pivotal for understanding tissue behavior and cellular responses, particularly in unravelling certain pathologies' mechanisms and assessing the impact of new therapeutic interventions. A desirable<i>in vitro</i>bone model should incorporate primary human cells within a 3D environment that mimics the mechanical properties characteristics of osteoid and faithfully replicate all stages of osteogenic differentiation from osteoblasts to osteocytes. However, to date, no bio-printed model using primary osteoblasts has demonstrated the expression of osteocytic protein markers. This study aimed to develop bio-printed<i>in vitro</i>model that accurately captures the differentiation process of human primary osteoblasts into osteocytes. Given the considerable impact of hydrogel stiffness and relaxation behavior on osteoblast activity, we employed three distinct cross-linking solutions to fabricate hydrogels. These hydrogels were designed to exhibit either similar elastic behavior with different elastic moduli, or similar elastic moduli with varying relaxation behavior. These hydrogels, composed of gelatin (5% w/v), alginate (1%w/v) and fibrinogen (2%w/v), were designed to be compatible with micro-extrusion bioprinting and proliferative. The modulation of their biomechanical properties, including stiffness and viscoelastic behavior, was achieved by applying various concentrations of cross-linkers targeting both gelatin covalent bonding (transglutaminase) and alginate chains' ionic cross-linking (calcium). Among the conditions tested, the hydrogel with a low elastic modulus of 8 kPa and a viscoelastic behavior over time exhibited promising outcomes regarding osteoblast-to-osteocyte differentiation. The cessation of cell proliferation coincided with a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, the development of dendrites, and the expression of the osteocyte marker PHEX. Within this hydrogel, cells actively influenced their environment, as evidenced by hydrogel contraction and the secretion of collagen I. This bio-printed model, demonstrating primary human osteoblasts expressing an osteocyte-specific protein, marks a significant achievement. We envision its substantial utility in advancing research on bone pathologies, including osteoporosis and bone tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A generic cell-based biosensor converts bacterial infection signals into chemoattractants for immune cells.","authors":"Sushobhan Sarker, Mario Köster, Omkar Desai, Muhammad Imran Rahim, Sabrina Herrmann, Sara Behme, Meike Stiesch, Hansjörg Hauser, Dagmar Wirth","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8bf4","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8bf4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial infection is a major challenge to human health. Although various potent antibiotics have emerged in recent decades, current challenges arise from the increasing number of multi-drug-resistant species. Infections associated with implants represent a particular challenge because they are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and are difficult to treat with antibiotics owing to the formation of protective biofilms. In this study, we designed and explored a synthetic biology-inspired cell-based biosensor/actor for the detection and counteraction of bacterial infections. The system is generic, as it senses diverse types of infections and acts by enhancing the endogenous immune system. This strategy is based on genetically engineered sensor/actor cells that can sense type I interferons (IFNs), which are released by immune cells at the early stages of infection. IFN signalling activates a synthetic circuit to induce reporter genes with a sensitivity of only 5 pg ml^-1of IFN and leads to a therapeutic protein output of 100 ng ml^-1, resulting in theranostic cells that can visualize and fight infections. Robustness and resilience were achieved by implementing a positive feedback loop. We showed that diverse gram-positive and gram-negative implant-associated pathogenic bacteria activate the cascade in co-culture systems in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we showed that this system can be used to secrete chemoattractants that facilitate the infiltration of immune cells in response to bacterial triggers. Together, the system is not only universal to bacterial infections, but also hypersensitive, allowing the sensing of infections at initial stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinted<i>in vitro</i>epilepsy models for pharmacological evaluation in temporal lobe epilepsy.","authors":"Wei Chen, Ke Gai, Xiao Luo, Bing Wu, Xiu Wang, Wei Shi, Kai Zhang, Feng Lin, Wei Sun, Yu Song","doi":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8b71","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1758-5090/ad8b71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces a novel<i>in vitro</i>model for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) utilizing 3D bioprinting technology, aiming to replicate the complex neurobiological characteristics of TLE more accurately. Primary neural cell constructs were fabricated and subjected to epileptiform-inducing conditions, fostering synaptic proliferation and neuronal loss. Systematically electrophysiological and immunofluorescent analyses indicated that significant synaptic connectivity and sustained epileptiform activities within the constructs akin to those observed in human epilepsy models. Notably, the model responded to treatments with phenytoin and tetrodotoxin, illustrating its potential utility in drug response kinetics studies. Furthermore, we performed drug permeability simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the diffusion characteristics of these drugs within the constructs. These results confirm that our 3D bioprinted neural model provides a physiologically relevant and ethically sustainable platform, which is beneficial for studying TLE mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies with high accuracy and clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8964,"journal":{"name":"Biofabrication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}