Biomimetics最新文献

{"title":"Radiographic and Clinical Assessment of Unidirectional Porous Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate to Treat Benign Bone Tumors.","authors":"Toshiyuki Kunisada, Eiji Nakata, Tomohiro Fujiwara, Haruyoshi Katayama, Takuto Itano, Takanao Kurozumi, Teruhiko Ando, Toshifumi Ozaki","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiographic changes, clinical outcomes, and complications following unidirectional porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (UDPTCP) implantation for the treatment of benign bone tumors. We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients who underwent intralesional resection. The patients were divided into two cohorts: Cohort 1 (n = 32), which included all bones except the phalanges and metacarpal/tarsal bones, and Cohort 2 (n = 14), which included the phalanges and metacarpal/tarsal bones. Radiographic changes were assessed at each reading based on resorption of the implanted UDPTCP and bone trabeculation through the defect. UDPTCP resorption and bone trabeculation were observed on radiographs within 3 months of surgery in all patients. Bone remodeling in the cavity progressed steadily for up to 3 years postoperatively. In Cohort 1, resorption and trabeculation progressed significantly in young patients, and trabeculation developed significantly in small lesions. The rates of resorption and trabeculation at 3 months postoperatively correlated statistically with their increased rates at one year. There was no statistical difference in resorption and trabeculation rates between Cohort 1 and Cohort 2. There were no cases of postoperative deep infections or allergic reactions related to the implant. UDPTCP is a useful bone-filling substitute for the treatment of benign bone tumors and has a low complication rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Fillers with Balance Between Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Properties.","authors":"Bogdan Valeriu Sorca, Durmuş Alpaslan Kaya, Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya, Marius Enachescu, Daniela-Madalina Ghetu, Laura-Bianca Enache, Iulian Boerasu, Alina Elena Coman, Laura Cristina Rusu, Rodica Constantinescu, Irina Titorencu","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Millions of people request bone regeneration every year, and the market for bone grafting materials has a positive trend. The most used biomaterials applied to replace and regenerate bone are based on collagen and different types of ceramics in order to mimic natural bone matrix. However, there are a lot of implant-associated infections after surgery, or the implants are rejected because of reduced biocompatibility, and this is why the research into graft bone materials is still a challenge. This study aims to develop and characterize novel biomimetic bone fillers which have simultaneously both antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Type I collagen and calcium triphosphate in a ratio of 1:1 were used as a control, according to our previous studies, and ZnO, functionalized with different percentages of <i>Satureja thymbra</i> L. essential oils, was added as an antimicrobial, promoting bone growth, mineralization, and formation. The bone fillers were obtained by freeze-drying in spongious forms and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), water uptake, biodegradability over time, antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> and viability and proliferation of human BMSCs. The graft material showed a higher porosity with interconnected pores, gradual resorption over time and a balance between antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility and was chosen as an ideal bone filler.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scale-Invariant Looming Detector for UAV Return Missions in Power Line Scenarios.","authors":"Jiannan Zhao, Qidong Zhao, Chenggen Wu, Zhiteng Li, Feng Shuang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer an efficient solution for power grid maintenance, but collision avoidance during return flights is challenged by crossing power lines, especially for small drones with limited computational resources. Conventional visual systems struggle to detect thin, intricate power lines, which are often overlooked or misinterpreted. While deep learning methods have improved static power line detection in images, they still struggle with dynamic scenarios where collision risks are not detected in real time. Inspired by the hypothesis that the Lobula Giant Movement Detector (LGMD) distinguishes sparse and incoherent motion in the background by detecting continuous and clustered motion contours of the looming object, we propose a Scale-Invariant Looming Detector (SILD). SILD detects motion by preprocessing video frames, enhances motion regions using attention masks, and simulates biological arousal to recognize looming threats while suppressing noise. It also predicts impending collisions during high-speed flight and overcomes the limitations of motion vision to ensure consistent sensitivity to looming objects at different scales. We compare SILD with existing static power line detection techniques, including the Hough transform and D-LinkNet with a dilated convolution-based encoder-decoder architecture. Our results show that SILD strikes an effective balance between detection accuracy and real-time processing efficiency. It is well suited for UAV-based power line detection, where high precision and low-latency performance are essential. Furthermore, we evaluated the performance of the model under various conditions and successfully deployed it on a UAV-embedded board for collision avoidance testing at power lines. This approach provides a novel perspective for UAV obstacle avoidance in power line scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Impact of Synthetic Hematocrit Levels and Biomimetic Channel Widths on Bubble Parameters in Vascular Systems on a Chip.","authors":"Karine Baassiri, Dan V Nicolau","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gas embolism is a rare but life-threatening process characterized by the presence of gas bubbles in the venous or arterial systems. These bubbles, if sufficiently large or numerous, can block the delivery of oxygen to critical organs, in particular the brain, and subsequently they can trigger a cascade of adverse biochemical reactions with severe medical outcomes. Despite its critical nature, gas embolism remains poorly understood, necessitating extensive investigation, particularly regarding its manifestations in the human body and its modulation by various biological conditions. However, given its elusive nature, as well as potential lethality, gas embolism is extremely difficult to study in vivo, and nearly impossible to be the subject of clinical trials. To this end, we developed a microfluidic device designed to study in vitro the impact of blood properties and vascular geometries on the formation and evolution of gas bubbles. The system features a biomimetic vascular channel surrounded by two pressure chambers, which induce the genesis of bubbles under varying circumstances. The bubble parameters were correlated with different input parameters, i.e., channel widths, wall thicknesses, viscosities of the artificial blood, and pressure levels. Smaller channel widths and higher equivalent hematocrit concentrations in synthetic blood solutions increased the nucleation density and bubble generation frequencies. Small channel widths were also more prone to bubble formation, with implications for the vulnerability of vascular walls, leading to increased risks of damage or compromise to the integrity of the blood vessels. Larger channel widths, along with higher equivalent hematocrit concentrations, translated into larger bubble volumes and decreased bubble velocities, leading to an increased risk of bubble immobilization within the blood vessels. This biomimetic approach provides insights into the impact of patient history and biological factors on the incidence and progression of gas embolism. Medical conditions, such as anemia, along with anatomical features related to age and sex-such as smaller blood vessels in women and children or larger vascular widths in adult men-affect the susceptibility to the initiation and progression of gas embolism, explored here in vitro through the development of a controlled, physiological-like environment. The analysis of the videos that recorded gas embolism events in vitro for systems where pressure is applied laterally on the microvasculature with thin walls, i.e., 50 μm or less, suggests that the mechanism of gas transfer for the pressure area to the blood is based on percolation, rather than diffusion. These findings highlight the importance of personalized approaches in the management and prevention of gas embolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Robotic Surgery in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Jennifer Novo, Ishith Seth, Yi Mon, Akshay Soni, Olivia Elkington, Gianluca Marcaccini, Warren M Rozen","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Robotic systems offer enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization, which are essential in addressing the complex nature of plastic surgery procedures. Despite widespread adoption in other surgical specialties, such as urology and gynecology, their application in plastic surgery remains underexplored. This review examines the use of robotic systems in plastic and reconstructive surgery with a focus on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Search terms included (\"robotic surgery\" OR \"surgical robots\") AND (\"plastic surgery\" OR \"reconstructive surgery\"). Studies on clinical outcomes and biomimetic innovations published between 1980 and 2024 were included, while non-English, cadaver-based, and animal studies were excluded. Data were systematically extracted using Covidence and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine studies were identified that evaluated the clinical outcomes of robotics in areas including breast reconstruction, microsurgery, and craniofacial procedures. Robotic systems like the Da Vinci and Symani platforms offer motion scaling, tremor elimination, and enhanced depth perception. In nipple-sparing mastectomies, they reduced skin necrosis rates from 8% to 2%, while in DIEP flap reconstruction, they enabled smaller fascial incisions (2.67 ± 1.13 cm vs. 8.14 ± 1.69 cm) and faster recovery with fewer complications. In microsurgery, they achieved 100% patency for vessels under 0.3 mm and a 25.2% limb volume reduction in lymphedema patients in 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robotic systems show significant promise, particularly in procedures such as nipple-sparing mastectomies, and have the potential to overcome challenges including surgeon fatigue. However, challenges such as longer operating times, high costs, and limited haptic feedback remain barriers to their adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting Arch-like Foot Structure for Knee-Extended Walking in Bipedal Robots.","authors":"Yudi Zhu, Zhiyuan Liang, Jun Tang, Yunfeng Hou, Qingdu Li, Jianwei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates the locomotion of bipedal robots, with a focus on knee-extended walking. While knee joint extension is essential for efficient human walking, humanoid robots face challenges such as pose singularities, and traditional control methods often result in high joint velocities. To address these issues, static approaches have been proposed to achieve knee-extended walking. In this study, we present a pattern generation method based on the inertial linear inverted pendulum model (ILIPM) to simulate human arch motion. A quadrilateral foot structure and compliant control of the virtual leg are designed to enable knee-extended walking in biped robots. To enhance stability, we combine linear feedback control with an ankle joint strategy to correct the deviation of the divergent component of motion (DCM). Experimental comparisons were conducted across three scenarios: bent-knee walking, knee-extended walking without compliance control, and knee-extended walking with compliance control. The results show that knee-extended walking with compliance control results in the lowest energy consumption and minimizes the root mean square error (RMSE) of the center of mass (COM) velocity oscillations. Additionally, ILIPM-based walking experiments demonstrate smooth periodic oscillations of the COM trajectory with an amplitude of approximately 0.015 m. In the comparison of LIPM, Flywheel LIPM, and ILIPM, the ILIPM approach showed the least impact on the COM posture angle and angular momentum, leading to improved walking stability. Finally, DCM error correction experiments revealed that combining ankle joint control with linear feedback control provides the most effective correction of DCM errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Printed Biomimetic Elastomeric Scaffolds: Experimental Study of Surface Roughness and Pore Generation.","authors":"Daniele Marazzi, Federica Trovalusci, Paolo Di Nardo, Felicia Carotenuto","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering is an emerging field within biomedicine, related to developing functional substitutes for damaged tissues or organs. Despite significant advancements, the development of effective engineering tissue constructs remains challenging, particularly when replicating elastic stretchability, which plays a critical role in many tissues. Therefore, the development of tough, elastomeric scaffolds that mimic the complex elasticity of native tissues, such as the myocardium, heart valves, and blood vessels, is of particular interest. This study aims to evaluate a flexible printable material (Formlabs' Elastic 50A Resin V2) to develop porous 3D scaffolds using additive manufacturing stereolithography (SLA). The elastomeric samples were tested in relation to their swelling behaviour, mechanical properties, and exposure to low temperatures. Additionally, the effects of print orientation, water immersion, and exposure to low temperatures on surface roughness and porosity were investigated to determine the best conditions to enhance scaffold performance in biomedical applications. The results demonstrated that samples printed at 0°, immersed in water, and exposed to low temperature (-80 °C) showed a more uniform microporosity, which could improve the adhesion and growth of cells on the scaffold. This research highlights a practical and economical approach to enhancing elastomeric scaffolds, paving the way for improved outcomes in tissue engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Bladder Regeneration with Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Seeded Silk Fibroin Scaffolds: A Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Hanan Hendawy, Ahmed Farag, Asmaa Elhaieg, Elsayed Metwllay, Kazumi Shimada, Ahmed Elfadadny, Ryou Tanaka","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020093","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective bladder reconstruction remains a significant challenge in urology, particularly for conditions requiring partial or complete bladder replacement. In this study, the efficacy is evaluated of two types of scaffolds, silk fibroin (SF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-SF), in promoting bladder regeneration and their associated outcomes. A rat model was used to compare the surgical outcomes and morphological recovery of bladder tissues implanted with SF and ADSCs-SF scaffolds. Post-operative recovery, including voiding ability and complication rates, was assessed. The morphological and histological changes of the regenerated bladder tissue were evaluated at multiple time points (2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks) using gross tissue analysis, histometric assessments, and immunohistochemical staining. Both scaffold types demonstrated successful integration into the bladder wall with no significant differences in body weight or voiding issues. The SF scaffold group exhibited graft shrinkage and a 41.6% incidence of bladder calculus formation. In contrast, the ADSCs-SF scaffold facilitated superior morphological restoration, with bladder tissue progressively adopting a more normal shape and no incidence of bladder calculus. Histological analysis revealed that the ADSCs-SF scaffold significantly promoted the regeneration of a more organized urothelium layer and smooth muscle tissue. It also resulted in higher vessel density and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells when compared to the SF scaffold alone. Additionally, the ADSCs-SF group exhibited enhanced expression of key markers, including uroplakin III, a urothelial marker, and α-SMA, a smooth muscle cell marker. These findings suggest that the ADSCs-SF scaffold not only supports the structural integrity of the bladder but also improves tissue regeneration and reduces adverse inflammatory responses, offering a promising approach for bladder repair and reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Personalized Multimodal BCI-Soft Robotics System for Rehabilitating Upper Limb Function in Chronic Stroke Patients.","authors":"Brian Premchand, Zhuo Zhang, Kai Keng Ang, Juanhong Yu, Isaac Okumura Tan, Josephine Pei Wen Lam, Anna Xin Yi Choo, Ananda Sidarta, Patrick Wai Hang Kwong, Lau Ha Chloe Chung","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020094","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multimodal brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that combine electrical features from electroencephalography (EEG) and hemodynamic features from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) have the potential to improve performance. In this paper, we propose a multimodal EEG- and fNIRS-based BCI system with soft robotic (BCI-SR) components for personalized stroke rehabilitation. We propose a novel method of personalizing rehabilitation by aligning each patient's specific abilities with the treatment options available. We collected 160 single trials of motor imagery using the multimodal BCI from 10 healthy participants. We identified a confounding effect of respiration in the fNIRS signal data collected. Hence, we propose to incorporate a breathing sensor to synchronize motor imagery (MI) cues with the participant's respiratory cycle. We found that implementing this respiration synchronization (RS) resulted in less dispersed readings of oxyhemoglobin (HbO). We then conducted a clinical trial on the personalized multimodal BCI-SR for stroke rehabilitation. Four chronic stroke patients were recruited to undergo 6 weeks of rehabilitation, three times per week, whereby the primary outcome was measured using upper-extremity Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FMA) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) scores on weeks 0, 6, and 12. The results showed a striking coherence in the activation patterns in EEG and fNIRS across all patients. In addition, FMA and ARAT scores were significantly improved on week 12 relative to the pre-trial baseline, with mean gains of 8.75 ± 1.84 and 5.25 ± 2.17, respectively (mean ± SEM). These improvements were all better than the Standard Arm Therapy and BCI-SR group when retrospectively compared to previous clinical trials. These results suggest that personalizing the rehabilitation treatment leads to improved BCI performance compared to standard BCI-SR, and synchronizing motor imagery cues to respiration increased the consistency of HbO levels, leading to better motor imagery performance. These results showed that the proposed multimodal BCI-SR holds promise to better engage stroke patients and promote neuroplasticity for better motor improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile One-Pot Preparation of Self-Assembled Hyaluronate/Doxorubicin Nanoaggregates for Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Yong Geun Lim, Hyung Geun Park, Kyeongsoon Park","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10020091","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10020091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyaluronic acid (HA)-based delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX) have been developed to selectively target cancer cells and enhance their therapeutic effects while reducing systemic side effects. However, conventional methods for preparing HA-based drug delivery systems are often limited by multistep synthetic processes, time-consuming purification, and the use of crosslinkers or surfactants, which can cause undesired toxicities. To resolve these issues, we developed a facile one-pot method to prepare self-assembled sodium hyaluronate/doxorubicin (HA/DOX) nanoaggregates by mixing HA and DOX. The self-assembled HA/DOX nanoaggregates were formed via cation-π interactions between the aromatic moiety of DOX and Na⁺ ions in HA as well as electrostatic interactions between HA and DOX. The optimized HA/DOX nanoaggregates with a [DOX]/[HA] molar ratio of 5 had an average particle size of approximately 250 nm and a sphere-like shape. In vitro studies revealed that HA/DOX nanoaggregates effectively targeted CD44-overexpressing cancer cells, selectively delivering DOX into the cell nuclei more efficiently than free DOX and resulting in enhanced cytotoxic effects. Annexin V and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assays confirmed that HA/DOX nanoaggregates induced apoptosis via DNA fragmentation more effectively than free DOX.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}