Biomimetics最新文献

{"title":"An Enhanced Knowledge Salp Swarm Algorithm for Solving the Numerical Optimization and Seed Classification Tasks.","authors":"Qian Li, Yiwei Zhou","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090638","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The basic Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) offers advantages such as a simple structure and few parameters. However, it is prone to falling into local optima and remains inadequate for seed classification tasks that involve hyperparameter optimization of machine learning classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs). To overcome these limitations, an Enhanced Knowledge-based Salp Swarm Algorithm (EKSSA) is proposed. The EKSSA incorporates three key strategies: Adaptive adjustment mechanisms for parameters c1 and α to better balance exploration and exploitation within the salp population; a Gaussian walk-based position update strategy after the initial update phase, enhancing the global search ability of individuals; and a dynamic mirror learning strategy that expands the search domain through solution mirroring, thereby strengthening local search capability. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on thirty-two CEC benchmark functions, where it demonstrated superior performance compared to eight state-of-the-art algorithms, including Randomized Particle Swarm Optimizer (RPSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA), Hybrid Particle Swarm Butterfly Algorithm (HPSBA), Aquila Optimizer (AO), Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA), Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), and Sine-Cosine Quantum Salp Swarm Algorithm (SCQSSA). Furthermore, an EKSSA-SVM hybrid classifier was developed for seed classification, achieving higher classification accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Inspired Central Pattern Generator for Adaptive Gait Generation and Stability in Humanoid Robots on Sloped Surfaces.","authors":"Junwei Fang, Yinglian Jin, Binrui Wang, Kun Zhou, Mingrui Wang, Ziqi Liu","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090637","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing research has preliminarily achieved stable walking in humanoid robots; however, natural human-like leg motion and adaptive capabilities in dynamic environments remain unattained. This paper proposes a bionic central pattern generator (CPG) gait generation method based on Kimura neurons. The method maps the CPG output to the spatial motion patterns of the robot's center of mass (CoM) and foot trajectory, modulated by 22 undetermined parameters. To address the vague physical interpretation of CPG parameters, the strong neuronal coupling, and the difficulty of decoupling, this research systematically optimized the CPG parameters by defining an objective function that integrates dynamic balance performance with step constraints, thereby enhancing the naturalness and coordination of gait generation. To further enhance the walking stability of the robot under varying road curvatures, a vestibular reflex mechanism was designed based on the Tegotae theory, enabling real-time posture adjustment during slope walking. To validate the proposed approach, a virtual simulation platform and a physical humanoid robot system were constructed to comparatively evaluate motion performance on flat terrain and slopes with different gradients. The results show that the energy consumption characteristics of robot-coordinated gait are highly consistent with the energy-saving mechanism of human natural motion. In addition, the established reflection mechanism significantly improves the motion stability of the robot in slope transition, and its excellent stability margin and environmental adaptability are verified by simulation and experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Health Status Determination and Local Weather Forecasts from <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Electrome.","authors":"Alessandro Chiolerio, Federico Taranto, Giuseppe Piero Brandino","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090636","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in plant electrophysiology and machine learning suggest that bioelectric signals in plants may encode environmentally relevant information beyond physiological processes. In this study, we present a novel framework to analyse waveforms from real-time bioelectrical potentials recorded in vascular plants. Using a multi-channel electrophysiological monitoring system, we acquired continuous data from <i>Vitis vinifera</i> samples in a vineyard plantation under natural conditions. Plants were in different health conditions: healthy; under the infection of <i>Flavescence dorée</i>; plants in recovery from the same disease; and dead stumps. These signals were used as input features for an ensemble of complex machine learning models, including recurrent neural networks, trained to infer short-term meteorological parameters such as temperature and humidity. The models demonstrated predictive capabilities, with accuracy comparable to sensor-based benchmarks between one and two degree Celsius for temperature, particularly in forecasting rapid weather transitions. Feature importance analysis revealed plant-specific electrophysiological patterns that correlated with ambient conditions, suggesting the existence of biological pre-processing mechanisms sensitive to microclimatic fluctuations. This bioinspired approach opens new directions for developing plant-integrated environmental intelligence systems, offering passive and biologically rooted strategies for ultra-local forecasting-especially valuable in remote, sensor-sparse, or climate-sensitive regions. Our findings contribute to the emerging field of plant-based sensing and biomimetic environmental monitoring, expanding the role of flora to biosensors, useful in Earth system observation tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Biomimetic Treadmill-Driven Ankle Exoskeleton: A Study in Able-Bodied Individuals.","authors":"Matej Tomc, Matjaž Zadravec, Andrej Olenšek, Zlatko Matjačić","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090635","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite rapid growth in the body of research on ankle exoskeletons, we have so far not seen their massive adoption in clinical rehabilitation. We foresee that an ankle exo best suited to rehabilitation use should possess the power generation capabilities of state-of-the-art active exos as well as the simplistic control and inherently suitable assistance timing seen in passive exos. In this paper we present and evaluate our attempt to create such a hybrid device: an Ankle Exoskeleton with Treadmill Actuation for Push-off Assistance. Using our device, we assisted a group of able-bodied individuals in generating ankle plantarflexion torque and power while measuring changes in biomechanics and electromyographic activity. Changes were mostly contained to the ankle joint, where a reduction in biological power and torque generation was observed in proportion to provided exo assistance. Assistance was comparable to state-of-the-art active exos in both timing and torque trajectory shape and well synchronized with the user's own biological efforts, despite using a very simplistic controller.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Clinical Applications of 3D-Printed Highly Porous Titanium for Off-the-Shelf Cementless Joint Replacement Prostheses.","authors":"Domenico Tigani, Luigigiuseppe Lamattina, Nicole Puteo, Cesare Donadono, Lorenzo Banci, Marta Colombo, Alex Pizzo, Andrea Assenza","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090634","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In total joint replacement, early aseptic loosening of implants caused by inadequate initial fixation and late aseptic loosening due to stress shielding-related periprosthetic bone remodeling are the main causes of failure. Over the last two decades, additive manufacturing has been revolutionizing the design of cementless orthopaedic implants by enabling biomimetic, highly porous titanium structures that enhance bone ingrowth and osseointegration while reducing stress shielding. The synergy between optimized selective laser-melted highly porous titanium bearing components, ceramic-coated titanium articular surfaces, and vitamin E-stabilized polyethylene liners delivers several benefits essential for implant longevity: reliable initial fixation, improved biological fixation, reduced bone resorption caused by stress shielding, and lower osteolytic reactivity. These benefits have encouraged the synergetic use of these technologies in joint replacement in novel clinical applications. In recent years, novel off-the-shelf, 3D-printed, highly porous titanium implants have been introduced into hip and knee arthroplasty. These newly introduced implants appear to offer an innovative and promising solution, and are particularly indicated for young active patients, elderly patients with osteoporotic bones, and in complex cases. Future clinical research should confirm these novel implants' superior results in comparison to the current state of the art in cementless joint replacement. The possibility of extending these technologies in the future to other clinical applications such as partial knee prosthesis is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crisscross Flower Fertilization Optimization (CCFFO): A Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic for Global and Reservoir Production Optimization.","authors":"Xu Wang, Jingfu Shan","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090633","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing solutions for complex optimization problems is fundamental to progress in many scientific and engineering disciplines. The Flower Fertilization Optimization (FFO) algorithm, a powerful metaheuristic inspired by the reproductive processes of flowering plants, is one such method. Nevertheless, FFO's effectiveness can be hampered by a decline in population diversity during the search process, which increases the risk of the algorithm stagnating in local optima. To address this shortcoming, this work proposes an improved method called Crisscross Flower Fertilization Optimization (CCFFO). It enhances the FFO framework by incorporating a crisscross (CC) operator, a mechanism that facilitates a structured exchange of information between different solutions. By doing so, CCFFO effectively boosts population diversity and improves its capacity to avoid local optima. Rigorous testing on the challenging CEC2017 benchmark suite confirms CCFFO's superiority; it achieved the top overall rank when compared against ten state-of-the-art algorithms. Furthermore, its practical effectiveness is demonstrated on a complex reservoir production optimization problem, where CCFFO secured a higher Net Present Value (NPV) than its competitors. These results highlight CCFFO's potential as a powerful and versatile tool for solving complex, real-world optimization tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding Strategies for Zirconia Fixed Restorations: A Scoping Review of Surface Treatments, Cementation Protocols, and Long-Term Durability.","authors":"Iulian-Costin Lupu, Monica Silvia Tatarciuc, Anca Mihaela Vitalariu, Livia Bobu, Diana Antonela Diaconu, Roxana-Ionela Vasluianu, Ovidiu Stamatin, Cosmin Ionut Cretu, Ana Maria Dima","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090632","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zirconia's superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility have made it a cornerstone of modern prosthodontics, yet achieving durable biomimetic bonding to tooth structure remains a challenge. This scoping review synthesizes evidence on bonding strategies for zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), evaluating surface treatments, cementation protocols, and long-term performance. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, 18 studies from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were thoroughly analyzed. Key findings indicate that tribochemical silica coating (e.g., Rocatec™) combined with 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-based primers (e.g., Panavia V5) is associated with the highest bond strengths (>40 MPa) and exceptional clinical survival rates (e.g., >95% at 15 years for resin-bonded FDPs). These combined mechanical-chemical strategies can be viewed as an attempt to create a biomimetic, hybrid interface akin to the natural enamel-dentin junction. Additively manufactured zirconia exhibits inferior bonding compared to milled counterparts, while ethyl cellulose coatings applied to the bonding surface effectively prevent contamination from saliva and moisture during intraoral try-in procedures. However, heterogeneous testing protocols and limited long-term clinical data highlight the need for standardized aging models and randomized trials. This review consolidates current evidence, offering clinically actionable recommendations through a biomimetic lens while identifying critical gaps for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12468000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Surface Morphology and Texture of Short-Tailed Shrew's Toe on Tribological Properties of 65Mn Steel.","authors":"Yachao Zhang, Jian Zhang, Wengang Chen, Haijun Wang, Zhaoling Qiu, Wen Wang, Yali Zhang, Dongyang Li","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090631","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reduce the friction coefficient and wear in tillage machinery during operation, biomimetic textures with different densities inspired by the short-tailed shrew's claw were designed using biomimetic principles. These textures were applied to the surface of 65Mn steel using laser processing technology. This study investigated the effects of these bionic textures on the tribological properties of 65Mn steel surfaces in two environments: dry friction and soil friction. Friction and wear tests were conducted, and the friction coefficient, wear morphology, and wear quality were measured using a friction and wear testing machine, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a three-dimensional profilometer. The results indicate that under dry friction conditions, the tribological properties of specimens with bionic textures were significantly improved compared to non-textured specimens. The frictional properties of the specimens with bionic textures were optimized at a texture density of 20%, with an average coefficient of friction reduction of 24%. Under soil friction conditions, the samples with bionic textures demonstrated better tribological performance at densities of 20% and 30% compared to the non-textured samples, with decreases in the average coefficient of friction of 1.3% and 2.9%. The special surface structure of the bionic short-tailed shrew claw can effectively reduce friction heat effects and wear, demonstrating significant anti-friction and anti-wear performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IAROA: An Enhanced Attraction-Repulsion Optimisation Algorithm Fusing Multiple Strategies for Mechanical Optimisation Design.","authors":"Na Zhang, Ziwei Jiang, Gang Hu, Abdelazim G Hussien","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090628","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attraction-Repulsion Optimisation Algorithm (AROA) is a newly proposed metaheuristic algorithm for solving global optimisation problems, which simulates the equilibrium relating to the attraction and repulsion phenomenon that occurs in the natural world, and aims to achieve a good balance between the development exploration phases. Although AROA has a more significant performance compared to other classical algorithms on complex realistic constrained issues, it still has drawbacks in terms of diversity of solutions, convergence precision, and susceptibility to local stagnation. To further improve the global optimisation search and application ability of the AROA algorithm, this work puts forward an Improved Attraction-Repulsion Optimisation Algorithm based on multiple strategies, denoted as IAROA. Firstly, the elite dynamic opposite (EDO) learning strategy is used in the initialisation phase to enrich the information of the initial solution and obtain high-quality candidate solutions. Secondly, the dimension learning-based hunting (DLH) exploration tactics is imported to increase the candidate solution diversity and enhance the trade-off between local and global exploration. Next, the pheromone adjustment strategy (PAS) is used for some of the solutions according to the threshold value, which extends the search range of the algorithm and also accelerates the convergence process of the algorithm. Finally, the introduction of the Cauchy distribution inverse cumulative perturbation strategy (CDICP) improves the local search ability of the algorithm, avoids falling into the local optimum, and improves the convergence and accuracy of the algorithm. To validate the performance of IAROA, algorithms are solved by optimisation with the original AROA and 13 classical highly cited algorithms on the CEC2017 test functions, among six engineering design problems of varying complexity. The experimental results indicate that the proposed IAROA algorithm is superior in terms of optimisation precision, solution stability, convergence, and applicability and effectiveness on different problems, and is highly competitive in solving complex engineering design problems with constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Rate Estimation Using FMCW Radar: A Two-Stage Method Evaluated for In-Vehicle Applications.","authors":"Jonas Brandstetter, Eva-Maria Knoch, Frank Gauterin","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10090630","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics10090630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the driver's state in real time is a critical challenge in modern vehicle safety systems, as human factors account for the vast majority of traffic accidents. Heart rate (HR) is a key physiological indicator of the driver's condition, yet contactless measurements in dynamic in-vehicle environments remain difficult due to motion artifacts, vibrations, and varying operational conditions. This paper presents a novel two-stage method for HR estimation using a commercial 60 GHz frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensor, specifically designed and validated for in-vehicle applications. In the first stage, coarse HR estimation is performed using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and autoregressive (AR) spectral analysis. The second stage refines the estimate using an inverse application of the relevance vector machine (RVM) approach, leveraging a narrowed frequency window derived from Stage 1. Final HR estimates are stabilized through sequential Kalman filtering (SKF) across time segments. The system was implemented using an Infineon BGT60TR13C radar module installed in the sun visor of a passenger vehicle. Extensive data collection was conducted during real-world driving across diverse traffic scenarios. The results demonstrate robust HR estimations with an accuracy comparable to that of commercial wearable devices, validated against a Polar H10 chest strap. This method offers several advantages over prior work, including short measurement windows (5 s), operation under varying lighting and clothing conditions, and validation in realistic driving environments. In this sense, the method contributes to the field of biomimetics by transferring the biological principles of continuous vital sign perception to technical sensorics in the automotive domain. Future work will explore the fusion of sensors with visual methods and potential extension to heart rate variability (HRV) estimations to enhance driver monitoring systems (DMSs) further.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}