Biomimetics最新文献

{"title":"Robotic Removal and Collection of Screws in Collaborative Disassembly of End-of-Life Electric Vehicle Batteries.","authors":"Muyao Tan, Jun Huang, Xingqiang Jiang, Yilin Fang, Quan Liu, Duc Pham","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recycling and remanufacturing of end-of-life (EoL) electric vehicle (EV) batteries are urgent challenges for a circular economy. Disassembly is crucial for handling EoL EV batteries due to their inherent uncertainties and instability. The human-robot collaborative disassembly of EV batteries as a semi-automated approach has been investigated and implemented to increase flexibility and productivity. Unscrewing is one of the primary operations in EV battery disassembly. This paper presents a new method for the robotic unfastening and collecting of screws, increasing disassembly efficiency and freeing human operators from dangerous, tedious, and repetitive work. The design inspiration for this method originated from how human operators unfasten and grasp screws when disassembling objects with an electric tool, along with the fusion of multimodal perception, such as vision and touch. A robotic disassembly system for screws is introduced, which involves a collaborative robot, an electric spindle, a screw collection device, a 3D camera, a si<i>x</i>-axis force/torque sensor, and other components. The process of robotic unfastening and collecting screws is proposed by using position and force control. Experiments were carried out to validate the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the screws in EV batteries can be automatically identified, located, unfastened, and removed, indicating potential for the proposed method in the disassembly of EoL EV batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Hydrodynamic Performance for Flapping Hydrofoils Driven by Three Typical Transmission Mechanisms.","authors":"Ertian Hua, Sihan Li, Xiaopeng Wu, Yang Lin","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to optimize bionic hydrofoil propulsion performance and establish design guidelines for efficient transmission mechanisms by comparing three mechanisms (crank-slider, cylindrical cam, and synchronous belt drive). Through 3D modeling, virtual assembly, and ADAMS simulations, dynamic responses of slider displacement and driving force/torque were obtained, revealing that the crank-slider consumes the least energy, followed by the cylindrical cam, with the synchronous belt being the most energy-intensive. Further CFD analysis demonstrated that while the crank-slider generates drag intermittently, the cylindrical cam and synchronous belt sustain continuous thrust. All mechanisms achieve effective water propulsion below their critical frequencies (0.25 Hz, 0.75 Hz, and 1.4 Hz, respectively). Propulsion efficiency peaks at 26.0% (crank-slider) and 24.7% (cylindrical cam) at 0.25 Hz but declines at higher frequencies, whereas the synchronous belt reaches 24.3% efficiency at 1 Hz with superior frequency adaptability. The synchronous belt emerges as the optimal solution for efficient flapping propulsion due to its motion continuity and frequency adaptability. This work elucidates the critical impact of transmission mechanisms on hydrofoil hydrodynamics, providing foundational insights for mechanism design and performance optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronic-Acid-Coated Sterosome for Dasatinib Delivery in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation.","authors":"Chae Yeong Lee, Jeong Min Lee, Chung-Sung Lee, Hee Sook Hwang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and treatment remains challenging due to high recurrence rates, resistance to chemotherapy, and severe side effects. Dasatinib (Das) has shown therapeutic potential against HCC, but its clinical use is limited by poor bioavailability and short half-life (~3-4 h). Here, we developed a hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated sterosome for targeted and sustained delivery of Das to CD44-overexpressing HCC cells. Sterosomes composed of octadecylamine and cholesterol at a 5:5 (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ratio were prepared via thin-film hydration and sonication, yielding stable particles (~90 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency (EE ~72%) for uncoated vesicles and ~58% after HA coating. HA-sterosomes (HA-St-Das) exhibited a uniform size (≈200 nm) and negative surface charge (-26 mV), with improved storage stability and resistance to lyophilization. In vitro release studies demonstrated pH-responsive Das release accelerated under acidic conditions (pH 6.0-5.0), mimicking tumor and lysosomal environments. In HepG2 cells, HA-St-Das exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity (IC50 ~7.0 μM) and prolonged intracellular retention compared to free Das and uncoated carriers. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed receptor-mediated uptake via CD44, leading to gradual and sustained intracellular delivery. Overall, the HA-St-Das system provides biocompatible, targeted, and controlled Das delivery, addressing key limitations of current liver cancer therapies and representing a promising nanomedicine platform for further development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Path Planning for UAV Based on Multi-Strategy Dream Optimization Algorithm.","authors":"Xingyu Yang, Shiwei Zhao, Wei Gao, Peifeng Li, Zhe Feng, Lijing Li, Tongyao Jia, Xuejun Wang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The multi-strategy optimized dream optimization algorithm (MSDOA) is proposed to address the challenges of inadequate search capability, slow convergence, and susceptibility to local optima in intelligent optimization algorithms applied to UAV three-dimensional path planning, aiming to enhance the global search efficiency and accuracy of UAV path planning algorithms in 3D environments. First, the algorithm utilizes Bernoulli chaotic mapping for population initialization to widen individual search ranges and enhance population diversity. Subsequently, an adaptive perturbation mechanism is incorporated during the exploration phase along with a lens imaging reverse learning strategy to update the population, thereby improving the exploration ability and accelerating convergence while mitigating premature convergence. Lastly, an Adaptive Individual-level Mixed Strategy (AIMS) is developed to conduct a more flexible search process and enhance the algorithm's global search capability. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated through simulation experiments using the CEC2017 benchmark test functions. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves superior optimization accuracy, faster convergence speed, and enhanced robustness compared to other swarm intelligence algorithms. Specifically, MSDOA ranks first on 28 out of 29 benchmark functions in the CEC2017 test suite, demonstrating its outstanding global search capability and conver-gence performance. Furthermore, UAV path planning simulation experiments conducted across multiple scenario models show that MSDOA exhibits stronger adaptability to complex three-dimensional environments. In the most challenging scenario, compared to the standard DOA, MSDOA reduces the best cost function fitness by 9% and decreases the average cost function fitness by 12%, thereby generating more efficient, smoother, and higher-quality flight paths.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titanium Implants Functionalized with Zoledronic Acid Associated with Ruterpy Accelerate Peri-Implant Repair in Healthy and Osteoporotic Rats.","authors":"Laura Vidoto Paludetto, Isadora Breseghello, Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli, Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista, Paulo Roberto Botacin, Cristina Antoniali, Paulo Noronha Lisboa-Filho, Roberta Okamoto","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis compromises bone quality and impairs implant osseointegration. Since an adequate bone bed is essential for implant stability and success, this study evaluated the effects of implant surface functionalization with zoledronic acid (ZOL), alone or combined with ruterpy (TERPY), on peri-implant bone healing in healthy (SHAM) and osteoporotic (OVX) rats. ZOL has antiresorptive properties, while TERPY exhibits osteoinductive potential. The hypothesis was that ZOL + TERPY would act synergistically by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting new bone formation. Sixty-six female Wistar rats (3 months old) were divided into six groups (<i>n</i> = 11) according to systemic condition (SHAM or OVX) and implant type: conventional (CONV), ZOL, or ZOL + TERPY. Surgeries (sham or bilateral ovariectomy) were performed on day 0, and implants were placed in the tibial metaphysis on day 90. Fluorochromes were administered on days 104 (calcein) and 114 (alizarin), and euthanasia was performed on day 118. Samples were analyzed histologically via confocal microscopy and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). The ZOL + TERPY groups demonstrated significantly accelerated peri-implant bone repair, showing greater bone formation and organization; improved BV/TV, Tb.N, and I.S.; and reduced Tb.Sp and Po.Tot compared to CONV and ZOL-alone groups. In conclusion, ZOL + TERPY enhances and speeds bone healing, even under osteoporotic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Skin Wound Healing.","authors":"ChanBee Jo, Yun Ji Choi, Tae-Jin Lee","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic skin wounds are difficult to heal or nonhealing. These wounds may become infected and progress to tissue necrosis, potentially leading to limb amputation, sepsis, reduced quality of life, depression, economic burden on the healthcare system, and social isolation. Several clinical strategies, including negative pressure wound therapy, antibiotic-based infection control, and wound debridement, have been developed to treat skin wounds. However, these approaches primarily target local wound conditions and offer only short-term relief, not achieving sustained functional regeneration. Stem cell-based therapy has emerged as an alternative therapeutic method for skin wound treatment owing to its ability to suppress inflammation, stimulate angiogenesis, and promote cellular proliferation. However, the low post-transplantation survival rate of stem cells remains a major limitation. Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles, transport proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs and mediate regenerative functions, including anti-inflammatory effects, angiogenesis promotion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) offer several advantages over their parent cells, including greater stability, lower immunogenicity, absence of tumorigenic risks, and ease of storage and distribution. These attributes render SC-Exos particularly attractive for cell-free regenerative therapies. In this review, we introduce exosomes derived from various types of stem cells and explore their therapeutic applications in skin wound regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuzzy Fault-Tolerant Following Control of Bionic Robotic Fish Based on Model Correction.","authors":"Yu Wang, Jian Wang, Huijie Dong, Di Chen, Shihan Kong, Junzhi Yu","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fault-tolerant control for bionic robotic fish presents significant challenges due to the complex dynamics and asymmetric propulsion introduced by joint failures. To address this issue, this paper proposes a fault-tolerant following control framework for multi-joint bionic robotic fish by combining fuzzy control methodologies and dynamic model correction. Firstly, offline fault analysis is conducted based on the dynamic model under multi-variable parameter conditions, quantitatively deriving influence factor functions that characterize the effects of different joint faults on velocity and yaw performance of the robotic fish. Secondly, an adaptive-period yaw filtering algorithm combined with an improved line-of-sight navigation method is employed to accommodate the motion characteristics of bionic robotic fish. Thirdly, a dual-loop following control strategy based on fuzzy algorithms is designed, comprising coordinated velocity and yaw control loops, where velocity and yaw influence factors serve as fuzzy controller inputs with expert experience-based rule construction. Finally, extensive numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results indicate that the bionic robotic fish can achieve fault-tolerant following control under multiple fault types, offering a valuable solution for underwater operations in complex marine environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Algorithms Based on Two Evolutionary Computations for Image Classification.","authors":"Peiyang Wei, Rundong Zou, Jianhong Gan, Zhibin Li","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and their improved models (like DenseNet-121) have achieved significant results in image classification tasks. However, the performance of these models is still constrained by issues such as hyperparameter optimization and gradient vanishing and exploding. Owing to their unique exploration and exploitation capabilities, evolutionary algorithms offer new avenues for addressing these problems. Simultaneously, to prevent these algorithms from falling into a local optimum during the search process, this study designs a novel interpolation algorithm. To achieve better image classification performance, thus enhancing classification accuracy and boosting model stability, this paper utilizes a hybrid algorithm based on the horned lizard algorithm with quadratic interpolation and the giant armadillo optimization with Newton interpolation (HGAO) to optimize the hyperparameters of DenseNet-121. It is applied to five datasets spanning different domains. The learning rate and dropout rate have notable impacts on the outcomes of the DenseNet-121 model, which are chosen as the hyperparameters to be optimized. Experiments are conducted using the HGAO algorithm on five image datasets and compared with nine state-of-the-art algorithms. The performance of the model is evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The experimental results reveal that the combination of hyperparameters becomes more reasonable after optimization with the HGAO algorithm, thus providing a crucial improvement. In the comparative experiments, the accuracy of the image classification on the training set increased by up to 0.5%, with a maximum reduction in loss of 0.018. On the test set, the accuracy rose by 0.5%, and the loss decreased by 54 points. The HGAO algorithm provides an effective solution for optimizing the DenseNet-121 model. The designed method boosts classification accuracy and model stability, which also dramatically augments hyperparameter optimization effects and resolves gradient difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migratory Bird-Inspired Adaptive Kalman Filtering for Robust Navigation of Autonomous Agricultural Planters in Unstructured Terrains.","authors":"Zijie Zhou, Yitao Huang, Jiyu Sun","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a bionic extended Kalman filter (EKF) state estimation algorithm for agricultural planters, inspired by the bionic mechanism of migratory birds navigating in complex environments, where migratory birds achieve precise localization behaviors by fusing multi-sensory information (e.g., geomagnetic field, visual landmarks, and somatosensory balance). The algorithm mimics the migratory bird's ability to integrate multimodal information by fusing laser SLAM, inertial measurement unit (IMU), and GPS data to estimate the position, velocity, and attitude of the planter in real time. Adopting a nonlinear processing approach, the EKF effectively handles nonlinear dynamic characteristics in complex terrain, similar to the adaptive response of a biological nervous system to environmental perturbations. The algorithm demonstrates bio-inspired robustness through the derivation of the nonlinear dynamic teaching model and measurement model and is able to provide high-precision state estimation in complex environments such as mountainous or hilly terrain. Simulation results show that the algorithm significantly improves the navigation accuracy of the planter in unstructured environments. A new method of bio-inspired adaptive state estimation is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Application of Biomimetic Design in Art and Design.","authors":"Congrong Xiao, Dongkwon Seong","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics10080541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomimetic design, derived from the study of biological systems, has emerged as a pivotal methodology in contemporary art and design. By systematically integrating the morphological traits, structural principles, and functional mechanisms of living organisms into design thinking, it provides both a novel theoretical perspective and methodological support for modern design practice. This design philosophy draws abundant inspiration from nature's aesthetics and achieves a profound fusion of organic form and artistic expression. This study systematically traces the theoretical evolution of biomimetic design-from its early phase of direct form-mimicry to today's holistic, systems-based approach-and clarifies its interdisciplinary logic and developmental trajectory. We examine its applications in public installations, product development, architecture, and fashion. Through a structured analysis of plant-inspired, animal-inspired, and ecosystem-inspired strategies-linked with the aesthetic demands and cultural contexts of design-this study uncovers the underlying mechanisms by which biological models drive innovation. The findings demonstrate that, by organically combining form simulation, function optimization, and ecological awareness, biomimetic design not only elevates the aesthetic value, visual impact, and emotional resonance of design works but also amplifies their social role and cultural significance. Moreover, its interdisciplinary potential in materials innovation, technological integration, and environmental sustainability highlights unique pathways for addressing complex contemporary challenges. This study adopts a methodology that blends case-study analysis and theoretical interpretation. Through an in-depth examination of exemplar projects, it validates that biomimetic design not only achieves a seamless unity of function and form but also offers a robust theoretical framework and practical strategies for sustainable design implementation. These insights advance both the theoretical depth and practical innovation of the design discipline.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}