Biomimetics最新文献

{"title":"Biomimetic Coverage Optimization in WSNs via an Enhanced Spider-Wasp Optimizer with Adaptive Learning and Dual-Median-Point Guidance.","authors":"Trong-The Nguyen, Longcun Wang, Thi-Kien Dao","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100760","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coverage optimization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a non-convex deployment problem on which population-based optimizers often converge prematurely and lose diversity. This paper proposes the Enhanced Spider-Wasp Optimizer (ESWO), an extension of the Spider-Wasp Optimizer (SWO) conceptually inspired by the foraging and nesting behavior of Pompilidae wasps. ESWO integrates (i) an Adaptive Learning Strategy (ALS) that uses four types of positional gaps among individuals to sustain diversity, (ii) a dual-median-point guidance (DMPG) mechanism that steers exploitation towards the midpoint of two elite solutions, and (iii) a position-update rule with nest-overlap avoidance. Coverage is evaluated on a discretized target grid with a Euclidean binary-disk sensing model and an energy-penalized fitness. In four scenarios (25-65 nodes; 50 × 50 to 165 × 165 m²), ESWO was compared with seven algorithms, including SWO. It achieved coverage rates of 81%, 88%, 92% and 85%, the highest in every scenario (tied with MGWO at 81% in the smallest). In the 100 × 100 m² scenario it reached 85% coverage after 523 iterations, against 601-698 for the competitors, although final convergence iteration counts were not uniformly the lowest. Over 15 runs, ESWO obtained a mean coverage of 90.2% (SD 1.2), a 95% success rate and the lowest estimated energy consumption (175.3 J).</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Shared Threshold Rule for Ants and Workers: Multi-Objective Design of Labour-Force Participation Policy and a Division-of-Labour Evolutionary Algorithm.","authors":"Ge Liang, Xinyu Cai","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100766","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tax-benefit policy acts most directly on whether adults work. We show that the response-threshold rule by which social insects divide labour and the extensive-margin participation curve share one functional form when the private cost of working is additive and log-logistic; an assumed participation elasticity then implies the exponent. The correspondence defines a tax-benefit design problem with three objectives-participation, welfare and fiscal cost-whose exact supported Pareto front we compute, and an eleven-instrument version for single adults and lone parents. It also drives MOEA/D-DoL, a decomposition-based algorithm whose subproblems are served by threshold-driven workers that compare their success with the colony's. By IGD, MOEA/D-DoL beats its MOEA/D-DE core clearly on two of seventeen benchmarks, both used in its design, and on two of nine held-out WFG problems, losing on one benchmark; AR-MOEA, NSGA-III and NSGA-II rank higher on both suites. The schedules that raise participation most at no extra cost lower the guaranteed income and pay an in-work credit financed by a higher tax rate. This direction survives joint calibration draws, a 100% cap on marginal rates and wider instrument ranges, but the tax is cheap partly because hours do not respond, and the gain varies in size.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assist-as-Needed Control for Upper Limb Rehabilitation Using a Learned Passive Interaction Force Reference.","authors":"Xuanhan Li, Qiang Cao","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100765","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Upper-limb rehabilitation robots should provide adaptive assistance while avoiding excessive robotic intervention when users can contribute to movement. A key challenge is that measured interaction forces contain both voluntary and passive mechanical components, making direct force based participation assessment unreliable. This study proposes an Assist-as-Needed control framework based on a learned passive interaction force reference for a four degree of freedom upper-limb rehabilitation robot. Passive experiments with five healthy participants were conducted during eating and drinking tasks, and interaction forces were recorded at the upper-arm and forearm interfaces. The results revealed clear task, interface, and directional dependence in passive interaction. A Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) model was then developed to estimate the expected passive interaction force from robot kinematics, movement phase, and task information, achieving a maximum (R²) of approximately 0.92. The deviation from the estimated passive reference was used to construct a control-oriented participation estimate, which was combined with trajectory tracking performance to regulate adaptive impedance. Controller-level simulation showed that robotic assistance decreased with increasing prescribed interaction contribution and increased again when tracking performance deteriorated. These results support the feasibility of using a learned passive interaction reference for Assist-as-Needed regulation and provide a basis for subsequent active human validation of the participation estimator.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Secretary Bird Optimizer with Good Point Set Initialization and Trend-Aware Search for Benchmark and Portfolio Optimization.","authors":"Zhe Ma, Jian Hai, Ming Yang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100762","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accepted population displacements provide directional information that can be reused in subsequent derivative-free search. This paper develops the Good Point Set and Trend-Aware Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm (GT-SBOA), combining a dimension-admissible number-theoretic initialization with an auxiliary search direction formed from individual and population-center motion. The auxiliary update is applied to the worse-performing half of the population in every complete sweep, with all objective calls charged to a common evaluation budget. Evaluation covers 29 CEC2017 functions, a two-component ablation, directional-weight sensitivity, and five OR-Library portfolio instances. In the comparison at D=30, GT-SBOA has a mean rank of 2.4138 across eleven algorithms, with 14 lowest mean errors and a significant win/tie/loss record of 16/4/9 against SBOA. The four-method comparison places it first at D=50 and third at D=100, showing that the aggregate advantage is dimension-dependent. The portfolio evaluation retains native initialization in the complete-method comparison and uses GD and IGD to assess frontier accuracy and coverage, with a common-initialization control against the parent algorithm. These comparisons delimit the conditions under which displacement-guided updates offer useful search information within a fixed evaluation budget.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inkjet and Related Printing Technologies for Plant Systems: From Physiological Monitoring to Functional Biofabrication.","authors":"Xiukun Wang, Xing Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Bokai Feng, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100763","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Featuring non-contact, high-precision, and multi-material deposition, inkjet and related printing technologies offer a new alternative technique for plant systems. However, the spatial heterogeneity, continuous growth, and sensitivity of plant tissues to external perturbations make it difficult for conventional methods to target specific sites on living organs. This review evaluates thermal and piezoelectric inkjet printing, together with aerosol jet and electrohydrodynamic printing for plant applications. Moreover, it relates the jetting behavior of the printhead to interfacial processes between droplets and plant surfaces. Practical performance is assessed across four dimensions: effective feature size, organ-scale throughput, potential biological damage, and the physiological compatibility of printing inks with plants. Applications are then organized within a framework comprising five tiers: monitoring, delivery, sensing, biofabrication, and intelligent systems. Specifically, recent studies have demonstrated that these printing approaches can be employed for surface labeling and growth tracking of plant organs, localized delivery of agricultural inputs, fabrication of flexible sensors, and construction of living materials (e.g., plant cells). Combined with artificial intelligence technology, these capabilities could form a closed-loop system spanning sensing to feedback, with printing as the precision actuator, potentially shifting plant management from passive observation to active regulation. Finally, this review discusses the challenges of living-interface dynamics, ink biocompatibility, multiscale integration, and data intelligence. It further outlines the prospects of these technologies for programmable plants and living agricultural interfaces. By bridging printing technologies, plant systems, and functional biofabrication, this review provides a unified framework to guide the development of intelligent and sustainable agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topology-Consistent Trajectory Event Matching for GNSS-Denied Vehicle Initial Localization.","authors":"Haoxin Cai, Minghong Zhu, Weiqi Xu, Ming Jin, Chen Hua, Zhenpeng Wang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100761","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vehicle initial localization under global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-denied conditions remains challenging because an odometry trajectory provides relative motion but no absolute road-network reference. Inspired by the coordinated use of self-motion information, recognizable route cues, and route continuity in biological navigation, this paper proposes a topology-consistent trajectory-event matching method. The method organizes odometry into ordered trajectory structure pairs formed by adjacent normal turning events and their intervening corridors, while a standard road-network map is automatically enhanced with internal direction-change points to construct corresponding map-side structures. Local candidates are retrieved according to direction, length, turning, and corridor-morphology consistency, and successive candidates are jointly confirmed under topological continuity. The confirmed discrete correspondence is then refined by local trajectory-image matching to estimate the continuous starting position. Experiments on KITTI-360 sequences 00, 08, and 09 with 135 starting positions yield an overall initialization success rate of 88.9%; successful trials achieve a mean error of 2.46 m and a median error of 2.29 m. The results show consistent performance across the evaluated road scenarios while indicating that sparse turning events and locally ambiguous road structures remain important limiting conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPNOA: An Improved Nutcracker Optimizer Based on Specular Reflection Learning and Probability-Driven Hybrid Mutation Strategy for Global Optimization.","authors":"Xingbo Yao, Changqing Fang","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100764","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nutcracker optimization algorithm (NOA) is a novel swarm intelligence algorithm, inspired by the different natural behaviors of nutcrackers during two periods. Compared with many classical algorithms, NOA performs competitively on various test suites and optimization problems. NOA still suffers from local-optimum entrapment, an imbalance between exploration and exploitation, and insufficient convergence accuracy. To address these deficiencies, this paper proposes a multi-strategy enhanced NOA, termed SPNOA. The proposed method incorporates specular reflection learning, a nonlinear convergence factor, a diversity attack strategy, and a probability-driven hybrid mutation strategy. First, the specular reflection learning strategy is employed to enhance the diversity of the initial population. Second, the nonlinear convergence factor is introduced to balance the exploration and exploitation of SPNOA. Then, to augment the exploitation ability of the algorithm and improve its convergence accuracy, the diversity attack strategy is used to replace the storage phase in the foraging and storage strategy. Finally, the probability-driven hybrid mutation strategy is used before the end of each iteration, which helps SPNOA to break free from the local optimum. Subsequently, NOA, the newly proposed algorithm, the high-performance improved algorithm, and the CEC competition-winning algorithms are chosen as the comparison algorithms. Experiments are conducted across various dimensions of the CEC2020 test suite to assess the performance of SPNOA. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed SPNOA exhibits superior convergence accuracy and robustness. Finally, 27 real-world engineering problems in different domains are selected to validate the ability of SPNOA to handle realistic optimization problems. The experimental results indicate that SPNOA retains its competitive edge in tackling complex, real-world optimization problems with diverse dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Field Validation of a Bivalve-Inspired Nonprehensile End-Effector for Citrus Harvesting.","authors":"Yi-Han Chen, Jianhong Liang, Bingrun Chen, Jianan Zhai, Yuren Ban, Zijian Nie, Heng Li, Yitong Wu, Jixiang Zheng","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100758","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit-body grasping can expose citrus peel to concentrated loads during robotic harvesting. This study develops a bivalve-inspired end-effector that combines opposing C-ring closure, pedicel cutting, and passive fruit reception without deliberately clamping the fruit body. Paired shell closure informed the mechanism, while the ring dimensions were selected to accommodate the target fruit sizes and provide access to the pedicel region. An idealized normal-contact analysis provided supporting mechanical interpretation of the concave inner surface. The end-effector was integrated with a four-degree-of-freedom positioning platform and a vision-assisted, operator-supervised teleoperation system. The operator aligned the closure plane, commanded reduced-output engagement and primary cutting, and applied wrist rotation only when the fruit remained attached. In a commercial Wogan mandarin orchard, 85 engaged harvesting outcomes were recovered and inspected after the cutting and reception sequence. Seventy fruits were intact and three had superficial grazes, giving an acceptable-outcome proportion of 85.9% under the study's visual inspection criteria. The remaining outcomes comprised six ring-tip punctures and six fruit-body mis-cuts. A subset of 14 harvested fruits had a median residual pedicel length of 11.0 mm and a range of 6.0-40.8 mm. These results establish the feasibility of the integrated mechanism under teleoperation and identify closure-plane placement, ring-tip contact, and cutting consistency as priorities for further development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Inspired Suture Joints Enable Tuned Load Transfer in Digitally Fabricated Timber with Hybrid Thermoplastic Connectors.","authors":"Moisés Sandoval, Carlos Fierro, Geral Moreno, Javier Vidal-Barraza, Juan Pablo Cárdenas-Ramírez, María-José Castilla, Rodrigo Cancino, Rodrigo Valle, César Garrido, Víctor Tuninetti","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100757","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nature employs complex interlocking geometries, such as vertebrate cranial sutures, to combine load transfer with localized compliance and geometric interlocking. These biological interfaces incorporate alternating wide regions and narrow necks that can accommodate localized deformation while maintaining mechanical interlocking. Inspired by these structural characteristics, digitally fabricated timber systems-such as Skylark-WikiHouse assemblies-can employ analogous bow-tie joint geometries to introduce controlled compliance into the connection. While conventionally manufactured from plywood, the translation of this bio-inspired geometry using hybrid thermoplastic-timber materials remains insufficiently explored. To address this gap, hybrid bow-tie joints comprising 18 mm radiata pine plywood panels and compression-molded polypropylene (PP) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) connectors were evaluated. Ten joints underwent displacement-controlled monotonic tension at 2 mm/min. The results indicate that PP and HDPE joints achieve nearly identical mean maximum loads of 6.61 and 6.65 kN, respectively. However, substituting PP with HDPE significantly alters the global load-displacement response, yielding 33% lower global stiffness, 63% greater displacement at maximum load, and 70% greater external mechanical work. Post-test examinations revealed that final visible cracking was localized to the surrounding plywood, with no complete rupture of the thermoplastic connectors. This final damage localization is consistent with the intended suture-inspired design concept; however, the present post-test observations do not establish the temporal sequence of crack initiation and propagation or directly demonstrate crack arrest. These findings identify connector material as a practical bio-inspired design variable for tuning the global stiffness-deformation response of digitally fabricated timber joints while maintaining comparable maximum tensile load capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of a Hierarchical Bioinspired Super-Contrast Wettability Surface for Enhanced Atmospheric Water Collection.","authors":"Ming Li, Bo Wang, Bingyang Wang, Yanling Wan","doi":"10.3390/biomimetics11100759","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomimetics11100759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With a growing population and severe water pollution, worldwide water scarcity has become a serious problem. In this context, collecting water from the atmosphere is regarded as a promising route to alleviate the global water shortage. Inspired by indocalamus leaves, desert beetle backs and cactus spines, we report a hierarchical bioinspired super-contrast wettability surface (BSCWS) fabricated on Ti-6Al-4V alloy via nanosecond laser selective processing and chemical modification. The BSCWS exhibits extreme contrast wettability with superhydrophobic regions (water contact angle: 167.4 ± 1.1°) and superhydrophilic regions (water contact angle: 0°). The mechanism underlying the extreme wettability transition was elucidated through systematic chemical composition analysis. Furthermore, a novel type of three-level BSCWS was designed, which can realize large-area water collection, directional transport and centralized storage. Under 100% relative humidity, the three-level BSCWS achieves a collection efficiency of 203.1 ± 10.8 g/m²·h, which is 1.3, 3.3, 5.6 and 8.0 times higher than those of the two-level BSCWS, superhydrophilic, superhydrophobic and smooth surfaces. A dual Laplace pressure-driven mechanism is proposed to explain the enhanced atmospheric water collection performance. This work provides a scalable and light-weight strategy for high-efficiency atmospheric water collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8907,"journal":{"name":"Biomimetics","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149261785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}