Biological Control最新文献

{"title":"Bacillus velezensis GX1 and its potential for the control of lily bulb rot","authors":"Sha Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Lou ,&nbsp;Si Wu ,&nbsp;Shenggui Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Pan ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Su ,&nbsp;Wang Hu ,&nbsp;Wei Xiang ,&nbsp;Shuangyan Pan ,&nbsp;Lei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bulb rot of lily (<em>Lilium brownii</em> var. <em>viridulum</em>), caused by <em>Fusarium commune,</em> is a serious soilborne disease of lily plants. In this study, several bacterial isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of healthy lily plants and evaluated for biocontrol potential. Among the obtained isolates, GX1 had the highest level of antifungal activity <em>in vitro,</em> inhibiting the growth of <em>F. commune</em> by 52.0 %, relative to the control (CK). The isolate was identified as <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> based on its morphology and <em>16S rRNA</em> and <em>gyrB</em> gene sequence analysis. The fermentation broth of GX1 after 12 d of fermentation at 25 °C (pH 7) exhibited strong antifungal activity. A crude lipopeptide extracts of GX1 fermentation broth was as effective (50.3 %) at inhibiting the mycelial growth of <em>F. commune</em> as living cultures of GX1. GX1 possesses <em>fenD, bmyB, srfAA</em> and <em>bacA</em> antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes, which may be the primary source of its antifungal activity. GX1 significantly reduced the disease severity index of lily bulb rot in pot experiments, indicating that <em>B. velezensis</em> GX1 has substantial potential for the biological control of lily bulb rot.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001816/pdfft?md5=8114632f0796c0a0f8b7573e1bb52a79&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001816-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol of fungal pathogens and growth promotion in the Korean fir (Abies koreana E.H.Wilson) seedling using Bacillus velezensis CE 100","authors":"Su-In Choi ,&nbsp;Hyo-In Lim ,&nbsp;Henry B. Ajuna ,&nbsp;Jae-Hyun Moon ,&nbsp;Sang-Jae Won ,&nbsp;Vantha Choub ,&nbsp;Ju-Yeol Yun ,&nbsp;Young Sang Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The restoration of the endangered Korean fir (<em>Abies koreana</em> E.H.Wilson) forests requires mass production of high-quality and well-developed seedlings for outplanting. However, phytopathogenic fungal infections lower the survival rate and growth vigor of <em>A. koreana</em> seedlings, frustrating the re-afforestation efforts. This study isolated and identified the phytopathogenic fungi causing seedling blight and wilt diseases in <em>A. koreana</em> seedlings and investigated the potential of <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> CE 100 in controlling the fungal pathogens and promoting seedling growth. <em>Phomopsis mali</em> and <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> were confirmed as the causal agents of blight and wilt diseases, respectively, and both fungi reduced the survival rate of <em>A. koreana</em> seedlings. <em>B. velezensis</em> CE 100 produced cell wall-degrading enzymes: chitinase, protease, and β-1,3-glucanase, and the bacterial crude enzyme fraction inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth of <em>P. mali</em> and <em>F. oxysporum</em> in a concentration-dependent manner, causing severe morphological deformations. Consequently, treatment with <em>B. velezensis</em> CE 100 improved the survival rate of seedlings infected with either <em>P. mali</em> or <em>F. oxysporum</em> compared to the control and PB media treatment. The bacterium also increased nutrient availability through ammonia–nitrogen production and phosphate solubilization and produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and its inoculation remarkably improved seedling growth (root and shoot dry weight) compared to the control and PB media treatment group. This is the first study to report <em>P. mali</em> and <em>F. oxysporum</em> as the pathogens causing seedling blight and wilt diseases in <em>A. koreana</em> nursery seedling, and the possibility of using <em>B. velezensis</em> CE 100 to control the fungal pathogens and improve the seedling growth without chemical use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001853/pdfft?md5=c9e20d49464d7177e1e757a45e4955ac&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001853-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas protegens ML15 and Trichoderma koningiopsis Tr21 co-culture: A potent strategy for suppressing Fusarium cerealis infections in wheat through augmented antifungal metabolite production","authors":"Nur Ajijah ,&nbsp;Angelika Fiodor ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kazimierczuk ,&nbsp;Monika Urbaniak ,&nbsp;Elsie Enow ,&nbsp;Robert Stasiuk ,&nbsp;Lukasz Stepien ,&nbsp;Lukasz Dziewit ,&nbsp;Kumar Pranaw","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.), a staple grain consumed worldwide, is heavily affected by <em>Fusarium</em> species, which cause harmful diseases that threaten its production. The present study was conducted to investigate the biocontrol activity of monocultures of <em>Pseudomonas protegens</em> ML15 and <em>Trichoderma koningiopsis</em> Tr21 as well as their co-culture, as a sustainable strategy to combat <em>Fusarium cerealis</em>. The cell-free supernatant and cell-free extract of co-culture demonstrated increased inhibitory effects against <em>F. cerealis</em>, compared to the monocultures. GC-MS analysis revealed that cell-free extract of <em>P. protegens</em> ML15, <em>T. koningiopsis</em> Tr21, and co-culture contained different bioactive metabolites. Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione derivatives were major compounds in the cell-free extract of co-culture. Further analysis using NMR and HPLC, revealed that co-culture produced higher concentrations of pyoluteorin, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, and 2,4-di-<em>tert</em>-butylphenol, compared to their respective monocultures. <em>In vivo</em> plant experiments indicated that co-culture treatment reduced <em>F. cerealis</em> infection and improved wheat development. Our findings highlight the exciting potential of co-culturing <em>P. protegens</em> ML15 and <em>T. koningiopsis</em> Tr21 as a formidable biocontrol duo, particularly effective against notorious fungal plant pathogens like <em>Fusarium</em>. This innovative approach holds promise for revolutionizing agricultural practices, offering sustainable solutions to combat crop diseases, and ensuring global food security.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001865/pdfft?md5=1dee926583c7a3365effa51031bc240c&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001865-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of increased mortality of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to sucrose-fermenting yeast","authors":"Mikhail Martchenko Shilman,&nbsp;Thomas Henderson,&nbsp;Wai Gee","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adult fruit flies are strongly attracted to odors emitted by the microbial fermentation of sugars in fruits. Such microbes, particularly yeasts, also serve as an essential nutritional source for fruit flies and influence their reproduction and fecundity. Despite being known as natural symbionts, it was previously observed that sucrose-fermenting <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> can be lethal to <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. This study characterizes the conditions that affect the lethality of <em>S. cerevisiae</em> in fruit flies. We showed that the insecticidal activity of yeast was equal in five tested <em>S. cerevisiae</em> strains. Another yeast, <em>Pichia anomala,</em> killed fruit flies, although to a lesser degree than <em>S. cerevisiae</em>. Higher concentrations of yeast resulted in faster killing of fruit flies, although the killing rate was capped at two days of continuous exposure. Both sexes were similarly sensitive to yeast at 30, whereas males were less sensitive to yeast at 25 degrees Celsius. Higher sucrose amounts in food slightly decreased the sensitivity of male but not female flies to yeast. This study characterizes a relatively uncharted side of the intricate interaction between fruit flies and yeast and highlights the possibility for manipulation aimed at mitigating the agricultural impact of these pests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104996442400183X/pdfft?md5=3c8258162759ce2b56059d84674bdf09&pid=1-s2.0-S104996442400183X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgenerational stability of a high temperature-adapted strain of Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and differential expression of antioxidant genes in response to heat stress","authors":"Wenqiang Chu ,&nbsp;Dong Xiang ,&nbsp;Haoyue Tan ,&nbsp;Mian Wang ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanqiu Chen ,&nbsp;Yaying Li ,&nbsp;Huai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High temperature-adapted natural enemies may exhibit improved biocontrol effiicacy in hot weather, but transgenerational stability of the trait may affect practical applications. <em>Neoseiulus barkeri</em> is a commercially produced biocontrol agent, and a high temperature-adapted strain (HTAS) has been developed. Thermotolerance and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in HTAS progeny under non-selective conditions to determine transgenerational stability of the selected adaptation. Results showed that survival of HTAS offspring decreased slightly after heat stress compared to HTAS parents, but remained significantly higher than that of the conventional strain (CS). LT₅₀ and LT₉₅ values of HTAS progeny were similar to HTAS parents and were approximately 2.5 and 4 h greater than CS, respectively. Similarly, predation behavior of HTAS offspring decreased somewhat compared to HTAS parents after short-term heat stress, but remained significantly higher than that of CS mites. Searching rate (<em>a</em>) of HTAS progeny was similar to HTAS parents and noticeably higher than CS, whereas handling time (<em>T_h</em>) was lower than CS mites. Activities of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), along with malondialdehyde (MDA) content and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), were lower in HTAS offspring compared to HTAS parents and the CS, whereas peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities were higher. The expression levels of ten antioxidant genes in HTAS offspring were significantly lower than in HTAS parents or CS mites before heat stress, but reached or surpassed parental levels after heat stress. Correlation analysis found both positive and negative associations between antioxidant indices and antioxidant genes. These results suggest that thermotolerance in the HTAS is relatively stably across generations in the absence of selective pressure, and is associated with changes in expression of antioxidant genes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001828/pdfft?md5=cf8ca037afb2ac09f4662bf4a49c5988&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001828-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing pre-release studies for weed biocontrol agents: A review of existing and emerging tools","authors":"H.L. Hinz ,&nbsp;G. Cabrera Walsh ,&nbsp;I. Paterson ,&nbsp;Q. Paynter ,&nbsp;M. Schwarzländer ,&nbsp;M. Smith ,&nbsp;P. Weyl","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thorough pre-release studies to determine the environmental safety of biocontrol agents and to predict their effectiveness in controlling the target weed are crucial parts of any weed biocontrol project. Over the last five to six decades, the scientific rigor of pre-release investigations has constantly improved, reflected in a continuous decrease of nontarget attack incidences. Success rates have also increased, but are more variable, and the proportion of biocontrol agent releases leading to heavy impact has remained stagnant since the 1950 s at an approximate maximum of 25 %. In this paper, we review four methodological approaches that can further enhance environmental safety testing of weed biocontrol agents prior to release. These methodological approaches are (i) chemical ecology, (ii) predictability of field host use through relative performance analysis, (iii) quantification of field host range data, and (iv) experimental evolutionary studies. These approaches are not meant to substitute traditional host specificity testing, which remains the foundation of environmental safety assessments of weed biocontrol agents. Instead, they are meant to provide additional quantitative, behavioral, physiological and evolutionary insights to more accurately predict the realized host range of agents, and to further improve interpretation of host specificity data. We also review four methodological approaches that can facilitate increasing the effectiveness of weed biocontrol agents. These are (i) biocontrol agent and target weed trait analysis, (ii) experimental and field-based impact assessments, (iii) climate suitability studies, and (iv) target weed demography. The caveat of some of the tools and procedures is that they are context specific and not universally suitable for every weed biocontrol project. In addition, some of the approaches require substantial post-release data to corroborate their predictions. We are convinced that the tools and procedures reviewed here along with continued technological advances will refine predictions about the environmental safety and effectiveness of weed biocontrol agents. We also hope that this paper will motivate biocontrol scientists to not only adopt some of the tools more routinely, but ideally to improve them or to develop other novel methods outright. The more that analytical and explanatory research is conducted during weed biocontrol pre-release studies, the more credible the discipline will become.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105607"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol of citrus melanose Diaporthe citri by Bacillus subtilis M23","authors":"Zehua Zhou ,&nbsp;Sheng Lu ,&nbsp;Tiantian Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Jiefu Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Lu ,&nbsp;Liangying Dai ,&nbsp;Tuyong Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Citrus melanose, caused by <em>Diaporthe citri</em>, is one of the most prevalent and important fungal diseases of citrus crops globally. However, the overuse of chemical fungicides for disease control has an adverse impact on citrus production. In contrast, biological control agents (BCAs) are environmentally friendly and have become essential tools for plant disease control. In the present study, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> M23, a strain isolated from healthy citrus leaves, significantly suppressed the mycelial growth of <em>D. citri</em>, the causal agent of citrus melanose, <em>in vitro</em>. The fermentation broth of <em>B. subtilis</em> M23 also exhibited good antifungal activity against <em>D. citri</em> on citrus plants in greenhouse and field experiments. Lipopeptides (LPs) produced by M23 exhibited excellent antifungal activity against <em>D. citri</em>, with a 50 % effective concentration (EC₅₀) of approximately 1.00 and 0.28 μg/mL for inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination, respectively. LP biosynthesis genes were identified in the M23 genome using a PCR assay. Notably, LP extracts significantly reduced the formation of pycnidia and ATP biosynthesis in <em>D. citri</em>. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in the expression of genes associated with fungal vacuole, oxidoreductase activity and endopeptidase activity in <em>D. citri</em> treated with <em>B. subtilis</em> M23. Both RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analysis provided similar results on the expression of selected genes. Collectively, our data provided convincing data supporting the biocontrol potential of <em>B. subtilis</em> M23 for the management of citrus melanose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 105608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001737/pdfft?md5=e597dda64778a1611db47a7e39bcf7f5&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001737-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of remating of a hyperparasitoid acting as a biocontrol agent","authors":"Xiao-Ming Man ,&nbsp;Li-Ying Sun ,&nbsp;Frédéric Francis ,&nbsp;Nian-Wan Yang ,&nbsp;Wan-Xue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Encarsia sophia</em> is the dominant parasitoid of invasive whitefly pest such as <em>Bemisia tabaci</em>. This heteronomous hyperparasitoid species lays fertilised diploid eggs in whitefly nymphs, which serve as primary hosts. Larvae develop as female progeny by consuming whitefly hosts, providing direct biocontrol benefits. However, male progeny originate from unfertilised eggs laid on secondary hosts (primary parasitoids within whitefly nymphs) and develop by consuming primary parasitoid larvae rather than whitefly hosts<em>.</em> Therefore, it is crucial for indoor rearing and field release of the hyperparasitoid to determine whether a female with single-mating experience can parasitise primary hosts and produce female progeny for a whole lifetime and, if not, whether it is remating events and prolong the period of female production, thereby increasing the amount of parasitism on whiteflies. Our fecundity experiments of females with single-mating experience, equally provided with primary and secondary hosts, showed that single mating was insufficient for <em>E. sophia</em> females to lay fertilised eggs in whitefly nymphs for their whole lifetime. In multiple mating experiments, 76.7 % of male adults completed their second mating 2 h after the first, whereas female adults accepted the second mating only if primary hosts were available thereafter. Remating was beneficial for female adults as it prolonged the ovipositional period of fertilised eggs (from 13.3 ± 0.6 days for single to 17.1 ± 0.7 days for twice mating) and increased parasitism on <em>B. tabaci</em> primary host (from 53.1 ± 3.8 for single to 76.4 ± 5.9 for twice mating respectively). The mating experience of males increased their copulation success, whereas that of females decreased it. In conclusion, recommendations are provided for large-scale indoor rearing and field release of <em>E. sophia</em>. Firstly, sufficient time for providing males can be shortened to within 2 h, and a single male can engage in 2–3 mating sessions. Following the 15-day peak oviposition period, the addition of newly emerged males is advised. Secondly, for field release of adult parasitoids, it is recommended to concentrate on releasing females after completing mating indoors. For the release of pupae cards, ensure a balanced ratio of males and females on each card to facilitate mating upon emergence. Additionally, release extra males and females 2 weeks after the initial batch of releases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 105606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001713/pdfft?md5=a0347bd7e2578be51cfca8e7564ad2b3&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001713-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does alternative food for predatory arthropods improve biological pest control? A meta-analysis","authors":"Jacques A. Deere ,&nbsp;Giuditta M. Beretta ,&nbsp;Paul C.J. van Rijn ,&nbsp;Gerben J. Messelink ,&nbsp;Ada Leman ,&nbsp;Arne Janssen","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of alternative food for arthropod predators in augmentative and conservation biological pest control has increased considerably during the last two decades. Dozens of studies on this topic have been published, showing mixed effects. There are theoretical arguments to expect positive as well as negative effects of alternative food on pest control. In this review, we first discuss these arguments, resulting in a list of factors that potentially affect augmentative and conservation biocontrol with alternative food. We subsequently perform a meta-analysis of selected literature, which is mainly on control of various species of spider mites, thrips, whiteflies and chrysomelids, but also includes some studies on aphids, psyllids and mealybugs. The analysis reveals three factors that have significant effects on the way alternative food affects pest control. First, supplying alternative food should result in increases in the predator densities. Hence, there should be sufficient time for the predators to produce future generations during the cropping season. In the absence of such a numerical response, supplying alternative food can result in lower predation due to satiation of the predators, resulting in decreased pest control. Second, biocontrol is better when predators are released and provided with alternative food before pest invasion, allowing them to build up a population of predators that protects the crop. Third, when the alternative food consists of prey, it should not be of higher quality than the pest, otherwise predators may preferentially feed on the alternative prey, releasing the pest from predation. We furthermore analysed data on biocontrol of thrips, spider mite pests, whiteflies and chrysomelids for which enough data were available to disentangle effects of the various factors mentioned above. These analyses confirmed general results, from which guidelines for improvement of biocontrol of these specific pest groups can be derived. We also argue that the effects of alternative food on biocontrol should be studied by repeatedly assessing densities of pests and predators through time, preferably throughout a growing season.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 105605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001701/pdfft?md5=e5747675e0c9f42f42c1e35a25364fda&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001701-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic systematics and integrative taxonomy contribute to weed biological control","authors":"Adriana E. Marvaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Taxonomy and systematics are at the base of any biological research, providing the scientific names and evolutionary context to access the biological information needed. The biological control of weeds (BCW), like many other fields, often suffers from the “taxonomic impediment” generated by incomplete taxonomic knowledge or lack of available taxonomic experts on the particular taxa involved (i.e., weed plants and their potential biocontrol agents). Further, most groups with described species require revision by specialists using modern taxonomic methods. Systematists in the different taxonomic groups have the knowledge and experience to perform the accurate identification of the species involved in the study, to recognize if they are non-native species, or if they are new to science. Their expertise is crucial for identifying the organisms involved in BCW, including hybrids or cryptic species. The practice of phylogenetic systematics allows the discovery of evolutionary relationships and natural taxa that are valuable in making host range predictions. This contribution emphasizes the crucial role played by phylogenetic systematics and integrative taxonomy in weed biological control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 105599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964424001646/pdfft?md5=5f07e6f901c0cdfb5e703291ded51abd&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964424001646-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}