Bioengineering最新文献

{"title":"Smart Microbiomes: How AI Is Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine.","authors":"Luana Alexandrescu, Ionut Tiberiu Tofolean, Laura Maria Condur, Doina Ecaterina Tofolean, Alina Doina Nicoara, Lucian Serbanescu, Elena Rusu, Andreea Nelson Twakor, Eugen Dumitru, Andrei Dumitru, Cristina Tocia, Lucian Flavius Herlo, Daria Maria Alexandrescu, Alina Mihaela Stanigut","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090944","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota have important roles in different human diseases. There has been an ever-increasing application of high-throughput technologies for the characterization of microbial ecosystems. This led to an explosion of various molecular profiling data, and the analysis of such data has shown that machine-learning algorithms have been useful in identifying key molecular signatures. <b>Results:</b> In this review, we first analyze how dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota relates to human disease and how possible modulation of the gut microbial ecosystem may be used for disease intervention. Further, we introduce categories and the workflows of different machine-learning approaches and how they perform integrative analysis of multi-omics data. Last, we review advances of machine learning in gut microbiome applications and discuss challenges it faces. <b>Conclusions:</b> We conclude that machine learning is indeed well suited for analyzing gut microbiome and that these approaches are beneficial for developing gut microbe-targeted therapies, helping in achieving personalized and precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Validation of Time-Explicit Ultrasound Propagation Models with Sound Diffusivity or Viscous Attenuation in Biological Tissues Using COMSOL Multiphysics.","authors":"Nuno A T C Fernandes, Shivam Sharma, Ana Arieira, Betina Hinckel, Filipe Silva, Ana Leal, Óscar Carvalho","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090946","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasonic wave attenuation in biological tissues arises from complex interactions between mechanical, structural, and fluidic properties, making it essential to identify dominant mechanisms for accurate simulation and device design. This work introduces a novel integration of experimentally measured tissue parameters into time-explicit nonlinear acoustic wave simulations, in which the equations are directly solved in the time domain using an explicit solver. This approach captures the full transient waveform without relying on frequency-domain simplifications, offering a more realistic representation of ultrasound propagation in heterogeneous media. The study estimates both sound diffusivity and viscous damping parameters (dynamic and bulk viscosity) for a broad range of ex vivo tissues (skin, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, trabecular/cortical bone, liver, myocardium, kidney, tendon, ligament, cartilage, and gray/white brain matter). Four regression models (power law, linear, exponential, logarithmic) were applied to characterize their frequency dependence between 0.5 and 5 MHz. Results show that attenuation is more strongly driven by bulk viscosity than dynamic viscosity, particularly in fluid-rich tissues such as liver and myocardium, where compressional damping dominates. The power-law model consistently provided the best fit for all attenuation metrics, revealing a scale-invariant frequency relationship. Tissues such as cartilage and brain showed weaker viscous responses, suggesting the need for alternative modeling approaches. These findings not only advance fundamental understanding of attenuation mechanisms but also provide validated parameters and modeling strategies to improve predictive accuracy in therapeutic ultrasound planning and the design of non-invasive, tissue-specific acoustic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Precision Multi-Axis Robotic Printing: Optimized Workflow for Complex Tissue Creation.","authors":"Erfan Shojaei Barjuei, Joonhwan Shin, Keekyoung Kim, Jihyun Lee","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090949","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional bioprinting holds great promise for tissue engineering, but struggles with fabricating complex curved geometries such as vascular networks. Though precise, traditional Cartesian bioprinters are constrained by linear layer-by-layer deposition along fixed axes, resulting in limitations such as the stair-step effect. Multi-axis robotic bioprinting addresses these challenges by allowing dynamic nozzle orientation and motion along curvilinear paths, enabling conformal printing on anatomically relevant surfaces. Although robotic arms offer lower mechanical precision than CNC stages, accuracy can be enhanced through methods such as vision-based toolpath correction. This study presents a modular multi-axis robotic embedded bioprinting platform that integrates a six-degrees-of-freedom robotic arm, a pneumatic extrusion system, and a viscoplastic support bath. A streamlined workflow combines CAD modeling, CAM slicing, robotic simulation, and automated execution for efficient fabrication. Two case studies validate the system's ability to print freeform surfaces and vascular-inspired tubular constructs with high fidelity. The results highlight the platform's versatility and potential for complex tissue fabrication and future in situ bioprinting applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Decellularized Brown Seaweed Scaffold for Tissue Engineering.","authors":"Svava Kristinsdottir, Ottar Rolfsson, Olafur Eysteinn Sigurjonsson, Sigurður Brynjolfsson, Sigrun Nanna Karlsdottir","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090943","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the growing demand for sustainable biomaterials in tissue engineering, we investigated the potential of structurally intact brown seaweed scaffolds derived from <i>Laminaria digitata</i> (<i>L.D</i>.) and <i>Laminaria saccharina</i> (<i>L.S</i>.), produced by a detergent-free, visible-light decellularization process aimed at preserving structural integrity. Blades were submerged in cold flow-through and aerated water with red (620 nm) and blue (470 nm) light exposure for 4 weeks. Histology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses demonstrated that the light decellularization process removed cells/debris, maintained essential structural features, and significantly increased scaffold porosity. Mechanical property analysis through tensile testing revealed a substantial increase in tensile strength post decellularization, with <i>L.D.</i> scaffolds increasing from 3.4 MPa to 8.7 MPa and <i>L.S.</i> scaffolds from 2.1 MPa to 6.6 MPa. Chemical analysis indicated notable alterations in polysaccharide and protein composition following decellularization. Additionally, scaffolds retained high swelling and fluid absorption capacities, critical for biomedical uses. These findings underscore that the decellularized <i>L.D.</i> and <i>L.S.</i> scaffolds preserved structural integrity and exhibited enhanced mechanical properties, interconnected porous structures, and significant liquid retention capabilities, establishing them as promising biomaterial candidates for soft-tissue reinforcement, wound care, and broader applications in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior Capsule Reconstruction Graft Selection: The Influence of Biological Properties of Grafts on Healing and Re-Tearing.","authors":"Mingde Cao, Mingguang Bi, Shuai Yuan, Yuhao Wu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Michael Tim-Yun Ong","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090942","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arthroscopic Superior Capsular Reconstruction has emerged as a promising surgical intervention for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, aiming to restore glenohumeral joint stability and improve patient outcomes. A critical determinant of ASCR success is the selection of an appropriate graft material. This review explores the spectrum of grafts utilized in ASCR, including autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic materials. The primary focus is on how the inherent biological properties of these grafts-such as cellularity, vascularity, immunogenicity, and extracellular matrix composition-profoundly influence the processes of graft healing, integration into host tissues, and ultimately, the rates of re-tearing. Autografts, particularly fascia lata, often demonstrate superior biological incorporation due to their viable cells and non-immunogenic nature, leading to high healing rates. Allografts, while offering advantages like reduced donor site morbidity, present biological challenges related to decellularization processes and slower remodeling, resulting in more variable healing outcomes. Xenografts face significant immunological hurdles, often leading to rejection and poor integration. Synthetic grafts provide an off-the-shelf option but interact with host tissue primarily as a scaffold, without true biological integration. Understanding the nuanced biological characteristics of each graft type is paramount for surgeons aiming to optimize healing environments and minimize re-tear rates, thereby enhancing the long-term efficacy of ASCR.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of a Predegenerated Autological Nerve Graft on the Results of Peripheral Nerve Repair in the Upper Extremities After Injuries.","authors":"Krzysztof Suszyński, Bartłomiej Błaszczyk, Dariusz Górka, Stanisław Kwiek","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090945","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The improvement in peripheral nerve repair is still challenging, with the process being difficult and frequently unsatisfying. Injuries, even minor ones, can lead to limitations, including the loss of important life functions such as fingers, hands, or all limbs. Our previous research on animals revealed that the distal part of autologous predegenerated nerve grafts, which were injured and left in place for 7 days, was more capable of supporting reconstructed nerve regeneration. Little is known about the efficacy of using predegenerated autologous grafts in humans. Encouraged by promising results in animal models, we decided to investigate this process in humans. A total of 31 patients were evaluated in the study; 19 predegenerated (injured and left in situ for 7 days) autologous sural nerve implants and 12 fresh sural nerve implants were used, and the period of 2 years after operation was chosen as the time of final clinical assessment. Clinical assessment and motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity were assessed. All data were statistically analyzed using stepwise regression testing and a one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test for continuous values and the Mann-Whitney U test for ordinal values. Differences were considered statistically significant for <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05. It turns out that autologous, predegenerated sural nerve grafts used for the reconstruction of traumatic peripheral nerves results in better quantitative and qualitative clinical functional outcomes and more adequate nerve conduction parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Printing for Tissue Engineering: Printing Techniques, Biomaterials, Challenges, and the Emerging Role of 4D Bioprinting.","authors":"Victor M Arias-Peregrino, Aldo Y Tenorio-Barajas, Claudia O Mendoza-Barrera, Jesús Román-Doval, Esteban F Lavariega-Sumano, Sandra P Torres-Arellanes, Ramón Román-Doval","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090936","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organ failure constitutes a significant global concern requiring urgent attention. While organ transplantation offers prospective treatment, it remains suboptimal. The scarcity of donor organs and the need for lifelong immunosuppressive treatments highlight the necessity for innovative approaches in regenerative medicine. In response, tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative, particularly through advancements in three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) printing technologies. These approaches enable the fabrication of complex, patient-specific constructs for regenerating tissues such as skin, bone, cartilage, and vascularized organs. This review systematically examines 3D printing techniques, commonly used biomaterials (e.g., hydrogels, bio-inks, and polymers), and their applications in dermal, cardiovascular, bone, and neural regeneration. In addition to discussing 3D technology, an introduction to 4D bioprinting is provided, enabling advanced biomedical applications and establishing itself as an innovative tool that enhances the classic approach to 3D bioprinting in the context of regenerative medicine. Finally, key challenges and ethical considerations are discussed to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current state and future of printed scaffolds in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Biomechanical Strategies of Running Gait Among Healthy and Recently Injured Pediatric and Adult Runners.","authors":"Cole Verble, Ryan M Nixon, Lydia Pezzullo, Matthew Martenson, Kevin R Vincent, Heather K Vincent","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090937","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomechanical strategies of running gait were compared among healthy and recently injured pediatric and adult runners (N = 207). Spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic parameters (ground reaction force [GRF], vertical average loading rate [VALR]) and leg stiffness (K_vert) were obtained during running on an instrumented treadmill with simultaneous 3D-motion capture. Significant age X injury interactions existed for cadence, peak GRF, and peak joint angles in stance. Cadence was fastest in healthy adults and 2-3% lower in other groups (<i>p</i> = 0.049). Injured adults exhibited higher variance in stance and swing time, whereas injured pediatric runners had lower variance in these measures (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Peak GRF was highest in non-injured adults (2.6-2.7 BW) and lowest in injured adults (2.4 BW; <i>p</i> < 0.05). VALRs (BW/s) were higher among pediatric groups, irrespective of injury (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The interaction for ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion moment was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.05). Healthy pediatric runners produced more plantarflexion than all other groups (<i>p</i> = 0.026). Pelvis rotation was highest in healthy pediatric runners and lowest in healthy adults (17.3° versus 12.0°; <i>p</i> = 0.036). Pediatric runners did not leverage force-dampening strategies, but reduced gait cycle time variance and controlled pelvic rotation. Injured adults had lower GRF and longer stance time, indicating a shift toward force mitigation during stance. Age-specific rehabilitation and gait retraining approaches may be warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Comparison of a Neural Network and a Regression Linear Model for Predictive Maintenance in Dialysis Machine Components.","authors":"Alessia Nicosia, Nunzio Cancilla, Michele Passerini, Francesca Sau, Ilenia Tinnirello, Andrea Cipollina","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090941","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ensuring the reliability of dialysis machines and their components, such as sensors and actuators, is critical for maintaining continuous and safe dialysis treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease. This study investigates the application of Artificial Intelligence for detecting drift in dialysis machine components by comparing a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network with a traditional linear regression model. Both models were trained to learn normal patterns from time-dependent signals monitoring the performance of specific components of a dialytic machine, such as a weight loss sensor in the present case, enabling the detection of anomalies related to sensor degradation or failure. Real-world data from multiple clinical cases were used to validate the approach. The LSTM model achieved high reconstruction accuracy on normal signals (most errors < 0.02, maximum ≈ 0.08), and successfully detected anomalies exceeding this threshold in complaint cases, where the model anticipated failures up to five days in advance. On the contrary, the linear regression model was limited to detecting only major deviations. These findings highlighted the advantages of AI-based methods in equipment monitoring, minimizing unplanned downtime, and supporting preventive maintenance strategies within dialysis care. Future work will focus on integrating this model into both clinical and home dialysis settings, aiming to develop a scalable, adaptable, and generalizable solution capable of operating effectively across various conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mg-Ca-Sr Biodegradable Alloys for Medical Applications: Production, Biomaterials' Properties Characterization, and In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility Evaluation.","authors":"Gabriela Leață, Kamel Earar, Corneliu Munteanu, Fabian Cezar Lupu, Maria Daniela Vlad, Bogdan Istrate, Ramona Cimpoesu, Aurelian-Sorin Pașca, Eusebiu Viorel Șindilar","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090939","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12090939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The research of biomaterials is an area of significant interest in the biomedical field, and the present study investigates how the strontium (Sr) concentration influences the microstructure, corrosion resistance, and both in vitro and in vivo behavior of alloys in the ternary Mg-Ca-Sr system. Using an induction furnace with a controlled atmosphere (argon as the shielding gas), Mg-0.5Ca-xSr alloys (x = 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 3 at.%) were synthesized. Microstructural analyses, performed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed a uniform and refined structure. Corrosion behavior assessments, carried out using linear and cyclic potentiometry, demonstrated favorable corrosion resistance for all samples. However, for the system containing 0.5% Sr, the corrosion rate values were lower compared to the other systems, and this alloy also exhibited the lowest corrosion current density. Cytocompatibility assay indicated the cytocompatible behavior of all the studied alloys, with favorable influence on cell viability and a stimulatory effect on the osteoblastic cell proliferation. In vivo biocompatibility assessments of the alloys showed that, for alloys containing 0.5% and 1% Sr, a more rapid degradation occurred in comparison with the other alloys (1.5, 2 and 3% Sr), which still persisted at the tissue level even after 12 weeks post-implantation. In all the batches examined, the inflammatory reaction was directly proportional and persistent in relation to the presence of the material in the tissue. In regions where the material was resorbed/degraded, the local inflammatory response was reduced or absent, and the fibrous tissue was denser and better organized. The field of biomaterials is in continuous development, and this study highlighted the applicability of these five alloy systems for dental and maxillofacial applications such as implants, plates, and related devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}