Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health最新文献

{"title":"Amounts and species of probiotic lactic acid bacteria affect stimulation of short-chain fatty acid production in fecal batch culture.","authors":"Yuji Ohashi,&nbsp;Tomohiko Fujisawa","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of lactate and probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on intestinal fermentation were analyzed using a fecal batch culture. Lactate was efficiently metabolized to butyrate and propionate by butyrate-utilizing bacteria in fecal fermentation. Probiotic LAB could stimulate butyrate and propionate production through their lactate production in fecal fermentation. It was considered that 10⁹ cfu/g or more of probiotic LAB would be required to stimulate butyrate and propionate production in the large intestine. Due to the low production of lactate, a larger number of heterofermentative LAB than homofermentative LAB would be required for this stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/85/bmfh-42-100.PMC9816051.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9103338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse impact of a probiotic strain, <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> Shirota, on peripheral mononuclear phagocytic cells in healthy Japanese office workers: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.","authors":"Tomoaki Naito,&nbsp;Masatoshi Morikawa,&nbsp;Mayuko Yamamoto-Fujimura,&nbsp;Akira Iwata,&nbsp;Ayaka Maki,&nbsp;Noriko Kato-Nagaoka,&nbsp;Kosuke Oana,&nbsp;Junko Kiyoshima-Shibata,&nbsp;Yumi Matsuura,&nbsp;Rumi Kaji,&nbsp;Osamu Watanabe,&nbsp;Kan Shida,&nbsp;Satoshi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Tetsuji Hori","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mononuclear phagocytic cells (MPCs) are classified into monocytes (Mos)/macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) based on their functions. Cells of MPCs lineage act as immune modulators by affecting effector cells, such as NK cells, T cells, and B cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> strain Shirota (LcS) ingestion on peripheral MPCs, particularly on their expression of functional cell-surface molecules enhanced in healthy adults. Thus, twelve healthy office workers consumed a fermented milk drink containing 1.0 × 10¹¹ cfu of LcS (LcS-FM) or a control unfermented milk drink (CM) once a day for 6 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were prepared from blood samples, and immune cells and functional cell-surface molecules were analyzed. We observed remarkable differences in the expression of HLAABC, MICA, CD40, and GPR43 in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) between the LcS-FM and CM groups, whereas no difference was found in CD86 or HLADR expression. The LcS-FM group exhibited higher CD40 expression in both conventional DCs (cDCs) and Mos, especially in type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) and classical monocytes (cMos); higher percentages of cMos, intermediate monocytes (iMos), and nonclassical monocytes; and higher numbers of cMos and iMos in PBMCs than the CM group. LcS ingestion increased the expression of HLAABC, MICA, CD40, and GPR43 in pDCs and CD40 in cDCs and Mos, particularly cDC2s and cMos. These results suggest that LcS modulates the function of MPCs that may lead to the regulation of immune effector functions in healthy adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/78/bmfh-42-065.PMC9816042.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9103337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of the high polyamine-producing bacterium <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> FB146 from fermented foods and identification of polyamine-related genes.","authors":"Hideto Shirasawa,&nbsp;Chisato Nishiyama,&nbsp;Rika Hirano,&nbsp;Takashi Koyanagi,&nbsp;Shujiro Okuda,&nbsp;Hiroki Takagi,&nbsp;Shin Kurihara","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that the intake of polyamines contributes to the extension of healthy life span in animals. Fermented foods contain high concentrations of polyamines thought to be derived from fermentation bacteria. This suggests that bacteria that produce high levels of polyamines could be isolated from fermented foods and utilized as a source of polyamines for human nutrition. In this study, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> FB146 was isolated from miso, a Japanese fermented bean paste, and found to have a high concentration of putrescine in its culture supernatant (452 μM). We analyzed the presence of polyamines in the culture supernatants and cells of the type strains of 21 representative <i>Staphylococcus</i> species in addition to <i>S. epidermidis</i> FB146, and only <i>S. epidermidis</i> FB146 showed high putrescine productivity. Furthermore, whole-genome sequencing of <i>S. epidermidis</i> FB146 was performed, and the ornithine decarboxylase gene (<i>odc</i>), which is involved in putrescine synthesis, and the putrescine:ornithine antiporter gene (<i>potE</i>), which is thought to contribute to the release of putrescine into the culture supernatant, were present on plasmid DNA harbored by <i>S. epidermidis</i> FB146.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/6d/bmfh-42-024.PMC9816048.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10554213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration of <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i> suppresses the increase of colonic serotonin and alleviates symptoms in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice.","authors":"Misa Tatsuoka,&nbsp;Riku Shimada,&nbsp;Fumina Ohsaka,&nbsp;Kei Sonoyama","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies suggested that altered gut serotonin (5-HT) signaling is implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, 5-HT administration reportedly exacerbated the severity of murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis that mimics human IBD. Our recent study suggested that <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i>, one of the most predominant bifidobacterial species in various mammals, reduces the colonic 5-HT content in mice. The present study thus tested whether the administration of <i>B. pseudolongum</i> prevents DSS-induced colitis in mice. Colitis was induced by administering 3% DSS in drinking water in female BALB/c mice, and <i>B. pseudolongum</i> (10⁹ CFU/day) or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, 200 mg/kg body weight) was intragastrically administered once daily throughout the experimental period. <i>B. pseudolongum</i> administration reduced body weight loss, diarrhea, fecal bleeding, colon shortening, spleen enlargement, and colon tissue damage and increased colonic mRNA levels of cytokine genes (<i>Il1b</i>, <i>Il6</i>, <i>Il10</i>, and <i>Tnf</i>) almost to an extent similar to 5-ASA administration in DSS-treated mice. <i>B. pseudolongum</i> administration also reduced the increase of colonic 5-HT content, whereas it did not alter the colonic mRNA levels of genes that encode the 5-HT synthesizing enzyme, 5-HT reuptake transporter, 5-HT metabolizing enzyme, and tight junction-associated proteins. We propose that <i>B. pseudolongum</i> is as beneficial against murine DSS-induced colitis as the widely used anti-inflammatory agent 5-ASA. However, further studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between the reduced colonic 5-HT content and reduced severity of DSS-induced colitis caused by <i>B. pseudolongum</i> administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 3","pages":"186-194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/93/78/bmfh-42-186.PMC10315192.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High productivity of immunostimulatory membrane vesicles of &lt;i&gt;Limosilactobacillus antri&lt;/i&gt; using glycine","authors":"Shino YAMASAKI-YASHIKI, Yu SAKAMOTO, Keiko NISHIMURA, Azusa SAIKA, Takeshi ITO, Jun KUNISAWA, Yoshio KATAKURA","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2023-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2023-029","url":null,"abstract":"Nanosized membrane vesicles (MVs) released by bacteria play important roles in both bacteria–bacteria and bacteria–host interactions. Some gram-positive lactic acid bacteria produce MVs exhibiting immunoregulatory activity in the host. We found that both bacterial cells and MVs of Limosilactobacillus antri JCM 15950, isolated from the human stomach mucosa, enhance immunoglobulin A production by murine Peyer’s patch cells. However, the thick cell walls of gram-positive bacteria resulted in low MV production, limiting experiments and applications using MVs. In this study, we evaluated the effects of glycine, which inhibits cell wall synthesis, on the immunostimulatory MV productivity of L. antri. Glycine inhibited bacterial growth while increasing MV production, with 20 g/L glycine increasing MV production approximately 12-fold. Glycine was most effective at increasing MV production when added in the early exponential phase, which indicated that cell division in the presence of glycine increased MV production. Finally, glycine increased MV productivity approximately 16-fold. Furthermore, glycine-induced MVs promoted interleukin-6 production by macrophage-like J774.1 cells, and the immunostimulatory activity was comparable to that of spontaneously produced MVs. Our results indicate that glycine is an effective agent for improving the production of MVs with immunostimulatory activity in gram-positive lactic acid bacteria, which can be applied as mucosal adjuvants and functional foods.","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis of stroke: implication as a potent therapeutic target.","authors":"Mubarak Muhammad,&nbsp;Supaporn Muchimapura,&nbsp;Jintanaporn Wattanathorn","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human microbiota-gut-brain axis has an enormous role in the maintenance of homeostasis and health. Over the last two decades, it has received concerted research attention and focus due to a rapidly emerging volume of evidence that has established that impairment within the microbiota-gut-brain axis contributes to the development and progression of various diseases. Stroke is one of the entities identified to be associated with microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment. Currently, there are still limitations in the clinical treatment of stroke, and the presence of a non-nervous factor from gut microbiota that can alter the course of stroke presents a novel strategy towards the search for a therapeutic silver bullet against stroke. Hence, the aim herein, was to focus on the involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis stroke as well as elucidate its implications as a potent therapeutic target against stroke. The findings of studies to date have revealed and extended the role microbiota-gut-brain axis impairment in the pathogenesis of stroke, and studies have identified from both clinical and pre-clinical perspectives targets within the microbiota-gut-brain axis and successfully modulated the outcome of stroke. It was concluded that the microbiota-gut-brain axis stands as potent target to salvage the neurons in the ischemic penumbra for the treatment of stroke. Assessment of the microbiota profile and its metabolites status holds enormous clinical potentials as a non-invasive indicator for the early diagnosis and prognosis of stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 3","pages":"143-151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/56/bmfh-42-143.PMC10315190.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary phytochemicals, gut microbiota composition, and health outcomes in human and animal models.","authors":"Seyedeh Nooshan Mirmohammadali,&nbsp;Sara K Rosenkranz","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of the composition of the gut microbiota on human health is not well understood. However, during the past decade, an increased emphasis has been placed on the influence of the impact of nutrition on the composition of gut microbiota and how the gut microbiota affects human health. The current review focuses on the role of some of the most studied phytochemicals on the composition of the gut microbiota. First, the review highlights the state of the research evidence regarding dietary phytochemical consumption and gut microbiota composition, including the influence of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, glucosinolates, flavonoids, and sterols that are present in vegetables, nuts, beans, and other foods. Second, the review identifies changes in health outcomes with altered gut microbiota composition, in both animal and human model studies. Third, the review highlights research that includes both associations between dietary phytochemical consumption and gut microbiota composition, and associations between the gut microbiota composition and health outcomes, in order to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota in the relationship between dietary phytochemical consumption and health outcomes in humans and animals. The current review indicated that phytochemicals can beneficially alter gut microbiota composition and decrease the risk for some diseases, such as cancers, and improve some cardiovascular and metabolic risk biomarkers. There is an urgent demand for high-quality studies that determine the relationships between the consumption of phytochemicals and health outcomes, examining gut microbiota as a moderator or mediator.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 3","pages":"152-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/97/bmfh-42-152.PMC10315191.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering microbial community dynamics along the fermentation course of soy sauce under different temperatures using metagenomic analysis.","authors":"Nguyen Thanh Hai Nguyen,&nbsp;Ming Ban Huang,&nbsp;Fa Yong Liu,&nbsp;Wei-Ling Huang,&nbsp;Huyen-Trang Tran,&nbsp;Tsai-Wen Hsu,&nbsp;Chao-Li Huang,&nbsp;Tzen-Yuh Chiang","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermented soy sauce consists of microorganisms that exert beneficial effects. However, the microbial community dynamics during the fermentation course is poorly characterized. Soy sauce production is classified into the stages of mash fermentation with koji (S0), brine addition (S1), microbial transformation (S2), flavor creation (S3), and fermentation completion (S4). In this study, microbial succession was investigated across stages at different temperatures using metagenomics analyses. During mash fermentation, <i>Aspergillus</i> dominated the fungal microbiota in all stages, while the bacterial composition was dominated by <i>Bacillus</i> at room temperature and by a diverse composition of enriched lactic acid bacteria (LAB) at a controlled temperature. Compared with a stable fungal composition, bacterial dynamics were mostly attributable to fluctuations of LAB, which break down carbohydrates into lactic acid. After adding brine, increased levels of <i>Enterococcus</i> and decreased levels of <i>Lactococcus</i> from S1 to S4 may reflect differences in salinity tolerance. <i>Staphylococcus</i>, as a fermentation starter at S0, stayed predominant throughout fermentation and hydrolyzed soybean proteins. Meanwhile, <i>Rhizopus</i> and <i>Penicillium</i> may improve the flavor. The acidification of soy sauce was likely attributable to production of organic acids by <i>Bacillus</i> and LAB under room temperature and controlled temperature conditions, respectively. Metagenomic analysis revealed that microbial succession was associated with the fermentation efficiency and flavor enhancement. Controlled temperature nurture more LAB than uncontrolled temperatures and may ensure the production of lactic acid for the development of soy sauce flavor.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 2","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/83/bmfh-42-104.PMC10067331.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9258288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> CLA8013 on bowel movement improvement: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.","authors":"Keisuke Okada,&nbsp;Daisuke Takami,&nbsp;Yutaka Makizaki,&nbsp;Yoshiki Tanaka,&nbsp;Shunji Nakajima,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ohno,&nbsp;Toru Sagami","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2022-066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2022-066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effect of taking 25 billion colony-forming units of heat-killed <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> CLA8013 over 2 weeks on bowel movements in constipation-prone healthy individuals. The primary endpoint was the change in defecation frequency between the baseline and 2 weeks after the intake of <i>B. longum</i> CLA8013. The secondary endpoints were the number of days of defecation, stool volume, stool consistency, straining during defecation, pain during defecation, feeling of incomplete evacuation after defecation, abdominal bloating, fecal water content, and the Japanese version of the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life. A total of 120 individuals were assigned to two groups, 104 (control group, n=51; treatment group, n=53) of whom were included in the analysis. After 2 weeks of consuming the heat-killed <i>B. longum</i> CLA8013, defecation frequency increased significantly in the treatment group compared with that in the control group. Furthermore, compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a significant increase in stool volume and significant improvement in stool consistency, straining during defecation, and pain during defecation. No adverse events attributable to the heat-killed <i>B. longum</i> CLA8013 were observed during the study period. This study revealed that heat-killed <i>B. longum</i> CLA8013 improved the bowel movements of constipation-prone healthy individuals and confirmed that there were no relevant safety issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 3","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/06/bmfh-42-213.PMC10315193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9801498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arctigenin-containing burdock sprout extract prevents obesity in association with modulation of the gut microbiota in mice.","authors":"Shimpei Watanabe,&nbsp;Akiko Ohno,&nbsp;Satoshi Yomoda,&nbsp;Satoshi Inamasu","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2021-070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2021-070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have suggested that the gut microbiota affect the health of the host. For example, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and the proportion of <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> in the microbiota have been closely linked to obesity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of an anti-obesity lignan compound, arctigenin (AG), and burdock sprout extract (GSE), which contains AG, on the gut microbiota of an obese mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diets containing AG, GSE, or metformin (MF) for 8 weeks. The composition of the gut microbiota and the cecal content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Body weight gain was significantly suppressed in mice treated with AG, GSE, and MF. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that the F/B ratio was significantly reduced in the AG- and GSE-treated groups. Furthermore, the copy number of <i>A. muciniphila</i> in the feces was significantly increased in obese mice treated with AG and GSE. In addition, the amount of SCFAs (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) in the cecal content and their fecal excretions were also significantly increased following AG and GSE treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that AG and GSE prevent obesity by improving the composition of the gut microbiota. Moreover, AG promoted the growth of <i>A. muciniphila in vitro</i>. Thus, AG and GSE may function as novel prebiotic supplements to ameliorate obesity, constipation, and intestinal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/d5/bmfh-42-049.PMC9816047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9117425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}