Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri, Fred Kwame Ofosu, Ramachandran Chelliah, Byong H Lee, Hongyan An, Fazle Elahi, Kaliyan Barathikannan, Joong-Hark Kim, Deog-Hwan Oh
{"title":"Influence of fermented soy protein consumption on hypertension and gut microbial modulation in spontaneous hypertensive rats.","authors":"Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri, Fred Kwame Ofosu, Ramachandran Chelliah, Byong H Lee, Hongyan An, Fazle Elahi, Kaliyan Barathikannan, Joong-Hark Kim, Deog-Hwan Oh","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2020-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2020-001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant proteins are known to possess important bioactive peptides and have a positive impact on gut microbial modulation. In this study, we studied the ability of a single dose of a fermented soy protein product (P-SPI) to reduce high blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and how it modulates the gut microbiota after six weeks of feeding. SHRs were fed with P-SPI, Captopril or distilled water once, and their blood pressures were monitored from the first to twelfth-hour post-administration. Consumption of P-SPI significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures up to the sixth hour by 25 ± 4 mmHg and 40 ± 5 mmHg respectively. P-SPI consumption inhibited serum ACE activity, increased superoxide dismutase activity and nitric oxide levels and reduced malondialdehyde levels in serum. Analysis of fecal microbial 16S rRNA of hypertensive rats revealed a significant reduction in microbial richness and diversity in the gut, while P-SPI consumption improved microbial richness and increased diversity. Also, P-SPI feeding significantly reduced the <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio, increased propionate- and H<sub>2</sub>S-producing bacteria and reduced <i>Streptococcaceae</i> and <i>Erysipelotrichales</i> levels. Our results show that P-SPI is a potential antihypertensive functional food which could remodel the altered gut microbiota of hypertensive patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 4","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7573110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38546577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarina G MladenoviĆ, Mirjana Ž GrujoviĆ, Danijela D NikodijeviĆ, Ljiljana R ČomiĆ
{"title":"The hydrophobicity of enterobacteria and their co-aggregation with <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolated from Serbian cheese.","authors":"Katarina G MladenoviĆ, Mirjana Ž GrujoviĆ, Danijela D NikodijeviĆ, Ljiljana R ČomiĆ","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2020-004","DOIUrl":"10.12938/bmfh.2020-004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we investigated the hydrophobicity, ability to adhere to solvents and the pig epithelium and co-aggregation of members of family Enterobacteriaceae and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> KGPMF 49. The bacteria used in this study were isolated from traditionally made autochthonous cheese from Southeastern Serbia (Sokobanja). The percentage of adhered bacteria was different in three solvents (chloroform, ethyl acetate and xylene). The highest percentage was detected in the presence of chloroform, and the lowest percentage was detected in the presence of xylene (chloroform < ethyl acetate < xylene). A different degree of co-aggregation of enterobacteria with <i>E. faecalis</i> KGPMF 49 was observed. <i>Klebsiella ornithinolytica</i> KGPMF 8 demonstrated the highest percentage of co-aggregation with <i>E. faecalis</i> KGPMF49 (32.29%). <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> KGPMF 13, <i>K. ornithinolytica</i> KGPMF 9 and <i>Serratia marcescens</i> biogp 1 KGPMF 19 were found to have the ability to adhere to the pig epithelium, whereas <i>Escherichia coli</i> KGPMF 22 showed no such ability. The ability to co-aggregate with other species and the ability to adhere to the pig epithelium are very important characteristics of the isolated bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 4","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7573113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38546580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isoxanthohumol, a hop-derived flavonoid, alters the metabolomics profile of mouse feces.","authors":"Shinya Fukizawa, Mai Yamashita, Shiho Fujisaka, Kazuyuki Tobe, Yuji Nonaka, Norihito Murayama","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2019-045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2019-045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to verify the effect of treatment with isoxanthohumol (IX) on the metabolomics profile of mouse feces to explore the host-intestinal bacterial interactions at the molecular level. The fecal contents of several amino acids in the high-fat diet (HFD) + 0.1% IX group (treated with IX mixed in diets for 12 weeks) were significantly lower than in the HFD group. The fecal contents of the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the HFD + 180 mg/kg IX group (orally treated with IX for 8 weeks) were significantly lower than in the HFD group; the values in the HFD group were higher than those in the normal diet (ND) group. Administration of IX changed the fecal metabolomics profile. For some metabolites, IX normalized HFD-induced fluctuations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 3","pages":"100-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.2019-045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38247863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors affecting decreasing viscosity of the culture medium during the stationary growth phase of exopolysaccharide-producing <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> MTCC 25067.","authors":"Bharat Mengi, Shinya Ikeda, Daiki Murayama, Hiroki Bochimoto, Shinpei Matsumoto, Haruki Kitazawa, Tadasu Urashima, Kenji Fukuda","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2019-051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2019-051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> MTCC 25067 produces a hetero-exopolysaccharide (HePS) when cultured which forms supramolecular networks in the culture medium, increasing the viscosity. In the present study, the viscosity of the bacterial culture reached its maximum at 48 hr of cultivation and then decreased during a stationary growth phase lasting for up to 144 hr. The monosaccharide composition did not change during the stationary growth phase, whereas degradation of HePS molecules was noticeable, leading to partial disintegration of their supramolecular networks. The viscosity values of the HePS purified from the culture and dissolved in a fresh medium indicated little contribution of medium components to the viscosity. Absence of the apparent network structure of the HePS in the surrounding area of bacterial cells was observed during the late growth phase, supporting the idea that the decreases in culture viscosity during the prolonged period of cultivation were caused mainly by reduced interactions between bacterial cells and the intact supramolecular networks as a consequence of decreasing bacterial cell wall integrity and partial degradation of HePS molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 3","pages":"160-168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.2019-051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38256329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hideki Kinoshita, Mai Jumonji, Shin Yasuda, Keiji Igoshi
{"title":"Protection of human intestinal epithelial cells from oxidative stress caused by mercury using lactic acid bacteria.","authors":"Hideki Kinoshita, Mai Jumonji, Shin Yasuda, Keiji Igoshi","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2019-049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.2019-049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metals are harmful to human health. Therefore, we investigated the biosorption of heavy metals by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Of all the tested heavy metals, biosorption by LAB was highest for mercury, followed by lead, cadmium, and finally arsenic. The viability of HCT-116 cells was reduced by half in the presence of 7.5 µg/mL mercury but recovered after the addition of selected LAB strains. HCT-116 cells showed increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, whereas glutathione peroxidase activities decreased significantly. Addition of <i>Lactobacillus sakei</i> TOKAI 57m recovered all antioxidant enzyme activities. Our results suggest that this strain can be used for cellular detoxification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 3","pages":"183-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.2019-049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38255856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dose-finding study for a supplement containing <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> subsp. <i>cremoris</i> FC in healthy adults with mild constipation.","authors":"Yayoi Gotoh, Fumio Nanba, Nobuhiko Shioya, Haruhi Sugimura, Toshio Suzuki","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.19-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.19-009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A dose-escalation study was conducted to find the effective dose of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> subsp. <i>cremoris</i> FC for improving defecation in healthy subjects. Twenty-seven subjects were recruited and consecutively ingested a placebo and two dose levels of <i>L. cremoris</i> FC (dose level 1, 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> cfu; dose level 2, 2 × 10<sup>7</sup> cfu) capsules daily for two weeks. Frequency of defecation (times/week) was significantly increased by dose level 2, and stool volume (units/week) was significantly increased by dose level 1. This dose-escalation study elucidated that intake of at least 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> cfu <i>L. cremoris</i> FC improves defecation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.19-009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37603702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation of food-derived bacteria inducing interleukin-22 in B cells.","authors":"Toshihiko Kumazawa, Kunihiko Kotake, Atsuhisa Nishimura, Noriyuki Asai, Tsukasa Ugajin, Hiroo Yokozeki, Takahiro Adachi","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.19-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.19-012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, we found a novel function of the lactic acid bacterium <i>Tetragenococcus halophilus</i> derived from miso, a fermented soy paste, that induces interleukin (IL)-22 production in B cells preferentially. IL-22 plays a critical role in barrier functions in the gut and skin. We further screened other bacteria species, namely, <i>Enterococcus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i>, <i>Leuconostoc</i>, <i>Weissella</i>, <i>Pediococcus</i>, and <i>Bacillus</i>, in addition to <i>Tetragenococcus</i> and found that some of them possessed robust IL-22-inducible function in B cells <i>in vitro</i>. This process resulted in the augmented expression of activation markers CD86 and CD69 on B and T cells, respectively. However, these observations were not correlated with IL-22 production. We isolated <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> sc-09 from miso and determined it to be the best strain to induce robust IL-22 production in B cells. Furthermore, feeding <i>B. coagulans</i> sc-09 to mice augmented the barrier function of the skin regardless of gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/e8/bmfh-39-001.PMC6971416.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37603766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> OLL2712 induces IL-10 production by intestinal dendritic cells.","authors":"Tomohiro Takano, Ryunosuke Endo, Yimei Wang, Haruyo Nakajima-Adachi, Satoshi Hachimura","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.19-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.19-019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently many researchers have revealed that certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have beneficial effects on the immune system. Understanding the mechanisms of how certain LAB induce immunomodulatory functions is important for the development of food ingredients that improve our health. <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> OLL2712 has been shown to induce production of interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, by murine <i>in vitro</i>-induced dendritic cells (DCs) and peritoneal macrophages. However, it is probable that <i>in vitro</i>-induced DCs have different properties compared with intestinal DCs, and the effects of the LAB on intestinal DCs are not fully understood. In this report, we investigated whether <i>L. plantarum</i> OLL2712 had efficacy for inducing intestinal DCs to produce IL-10 <i>in vitro</i> and whether oral administration of the bacteria induced the same effect. Co-culture of <i>L. plantarum</i> OLL2712 with purified DCs from the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) or Peyer's patch (PP) elevated IL-10 mRNA expression and protein production by both kinds of DCs. Addition of the LAB enhanced IL-10 production by T cells during antigen-specific responses in co-culture of MLN or PP DCs and T cells. Oral administration of <i>L. plantarum</i> OLL2712 for 6 days increased IL-10 gene expression in MLN DCs, and upregulated IL-10 gene expression in PP DCs was observed 12 hr after oral administration of the LAB. Our results suggested that <i>L. plantarum</i> OLL2712 could modulate immune responses by enhancing IL-10 production from intestinal DCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 2","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.19-019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NADH peroxidase plays a crucial role in consuming H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> IGM394.","authors":"Shingo Naraki, Shizunobu Igimi, Yasuko Sasaki","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.19-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.19-027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The facultative anaerobic bacterium <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> IGM394 is used as a host for drug delivery systems, and it exhibits the same growth rate under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. <i>L. casei</i> strains carry several genes that facilitate oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) tolerance in their genomes, but their complete functions have not been uncovered. To clarify the oxygen and ROS tolerance mechanisms of <i>L. casei</i> IGM394, we constructed 23 deficient mutants targeting genes that confer oxidative stress resistance. Significantly decreased growth and high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation were observed in the NADH peroxidase gene-mutated strain (Δ<i>npr</i>) compared with the findings in the wild type. The H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> degradation capacity of Δ<i>npr</i> revealed that NADH peroxidase is a major H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-degrading enzyme in <i>L. casei</i> IGM394. Interestingly, Δ<i>ohrR</i>, a mutant deficient in the organic hydroperoxide (OhrA) repressor, exhibited higher H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> resistance than the wild-type strain. Increased Npr expression and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> degradation ability were observed in Δ<i>ohrR</i>, further supporting the importance of OhrA to ROS tolerance mechanisms. The other mutants did not exhibit altered growth rates, although some mutants had higher growth in the presence of oxygen. From these results, it is presumed that <i>L. casei</i> IGM394 has multiple oxygen tolerance mechanisms and that the loss of a single gene does not alter the growth rate because of the presence of complementary mechanisms. Contrarily, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> tolerance mechanism is solely dependent on NADH peroxidase in <i>L. casei</i> IGM394.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 2","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.19-027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interaction of the microbiota with the human body in health and diseases.","authors":"Safaa Altveş, Hatice Kübra Yildiz, Hasibe Cingilli Vural","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.19-023","DOIUrl":"10.12938/bmfh.19-023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human body contains many microorganisms, including a large number of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, which are referred to as the microbiota. Compared with the number of cells comprising the human body, that of the microbiota has been found to be much larger. The microbiome is defined as microorganisms and their genomes have been shown to contain about 100 times more genes than the human genome. The microbiota affects many vital functions in the human body. It contributes to regulation of the immune system, digestion of food, production of vitamins such as B12 and K, metabolization of xenobiotic materials, and many other tasks. Many factors affect the microbiota biodiversity, such as diet, medicines including antibiotics, relationships with the environment, pregnancy, and age. Studies have shown that the lack of microbiota diversity leads to many diseases like autoimmune diseases such as diabetes type I, rheumatism, muscular dystrophy, problems in blood coagulation due to lack of vitamin K, and disturbances in the transfer of nerve cells due to lack of vitamin B12, in addition to its involvement in a number of conditions such as cancer, memory disorders, depression, stress, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest studies discussing the relationship between the microbiota and the human body in health and diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8867,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health","volume":"39 2","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12938/bmfh.19-023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}