Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences最新文献_第6页

A network analysis of statistics anxiety symptoms and their antecedents in UK higher education students 英国高等教育学生焦虑症状及其前因的统计网络分析

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15350

Joshua J. March, David Hamilton, Dawn McCormack, Ross Brisco, Amy Grech

{"title":"A network analysis of statistics anxiety symptoms and their antecedents in UK higher education students","authors":"Joshua J. March, David Hamilton, Dawn McCormack, Ross Brisco, Amy Grech","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15350","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics anxiety is a widespread, multifaceted phenomenon affecting many students in higher education. Feelings of excessive worry when exposed to statistical content impact student performance and heighten negative perceptions of statistics. While many factors have been identified as relevant antecedents of statistics anxiety, it is unclear how they relate to different components of this phenomenon, and which factors are most influential. Additionally, no research has investigated the impact of peer attitudes toward statistics anxiety. The current study describes a preregistered network analysis of statistics anxiety, peer attitudes, and related variables with a sample of 279 UK higher education students. After performing reliability checks, results support the distinction made in previous literature between attitudes toward statistics and statistics anxiety per se. The former were influenced by feelings of statistics self-efficacy, age, and peer attitudes toward statistics, and the latter was influenced by negative problem orientation and intolerance of uncertainty. The most influential nodes were the negative problem orientation variables, inhibitory anxiety, and interpretation anxiety. The findings are discussed in relation to addressing statistics anxiety from multiple angles.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"220-232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.15350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraesophageal reflux: Clinical manifestations and tools for diagnosis and treatment 食管外反流：临床表现及诊断和治疗工具

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15349

Simon Blaine-Sauer, Jonathan Bock, Serhat Bor, Jacqueline Allen, Derrick R. Randall, Sumeet Mittal, Thomas L. Carroll

{"title":"Extraesophageal reflux: Clinical manifestations and tools for diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Simon Blaine-Sauer, Jonathan Bock, Serhat Bor, Jacqueline Allen, Derrick R. Randall, Sumeet Mittal, Thomas L. Carroll","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15349","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15349","url":null,"abstract":"Extraesophageal reflux is a complex clinical entity, classically presenting with laryngopharyngeal symptoms including chronic cough and vocal changes, but it is also implicated in conditions such as subglottic stenosis and lung injury. Diagnosis is challenging, in large part due to the oftentimes vague presenting symptoms with multiple possible etiologies, as well as limited consistency of currently available diagnostic tests. Furthermore, effective medical treatment is limited, and acid suppression therapy such as proton pump inhibitors has shown low to mixed efficacy in relieving signs and symptoms of reflux outside the esophagus. In this review, we will address laryngopharyngeal reflux and its diagnosis based on symptoms and exam findings, and diagnostic tools such as impedance monitoring and salivary pepsin testing. A summary of the use and limitations of acid-suppressing therapies for extraesophageal reflux and the rationale for targeting pepsin as a nonacid component of reflux will be presented. Finally, the current literature on the potential role of reflux in subglottic stenosis and lessons learned regarding reflux in the lung transplant surgery field in higher risk patient populations will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"233-244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Latexin and calretinin together define a novel excitatory neuron subclass in the claustrum of the short-tailed fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata 在短尾果蝠（Carollia perspicillata）的屏状体中，乳胶蛋白和calretinin共同定义了一种新的兴奋性神经元亚类

IF 5.2 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15346

Timothy Morello, Richard Kollmar, Mark Stewart, Rena Orman

{"title":"Latexin and calretinin together define a novel excitatory neuron subclass in the claustrum of the short-tailed fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata","authors":"Timothy Morello, Richard Kollmar, Mark Stewart, Rena Orman","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.15346","url":null,"abstract":"The claustrum is a telencephalic structure with inputs from and outputs to many other brain structures. This central arrangement has motivated research on the claustrum's role in cognition and highlights the need to understand its intrinsic connectivity. In the fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata, the large size of the claustrum offers access to its intrinsic structure. Previously, we defined the structure of the C. perspicillata claustrum with antibodies against latexin as an excitatory cell marker and against calcium-binding proteins as inhibitory cell markers. Using this immunohistochemical method, we have now identified an unexpected cell type with concurrent latexin and calretinin immunoreactivity. The calretinin+ neurons of the claustrum, including those that coexpress GAD67 (another inhibitory cell marker) and those that coexpress latexin, are located in the claustral shell subregion. Neuronal latexin+/calretinin+ somata are smaller than either latexin−/calretinin+ or latexin+/calretinin− somata. Since latexin labels glutamatergic neurons in multiple brain areas and has never been found to colocalize with GAD, we conclude that the latexin+/calretinin+ neurons in the claustral shell are excitatory. They represent one of three excitatory cell types that are identifiable in the claustral shell and demonstrate that calretinin can label both inhibitory and excitatory cells in the C. perspicillata claustrum.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drosophila model systems reveal intestinal stem cells as key players in aging 果蝇模型系统揭示了肠道干细胞在衰老过程中的关键作用

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15351

Joung-Sun Park, Mi Jeong Sung, Hyun-Jin Na

引用次数: 0

Emotional conflict affects microsaccade dynamics in the emotional face–word Stroop task 情绪冲突影响表情字Stroop任务的微跳动

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15342

Yi-Hsuan Chang, Chia-Shiang Lin, Cesar Barquero, Chin-An Wang

{"title":"Emotional conflict affects microsaccade dynamics in the emotional face–word Stroop task","authors":"Yi-Hsuan Chang, Chia-Shiang Lin, Cesar Barquero, Chin-An Wang","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15342","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15342","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving optimal performance requires effectively resolving emotional conflict arising from the interference of task-irrelevant, emotionally salient stimuli. While microsaccade behavior has been linked to various cognitive and emotional processes, whether emotional conflict affects microsaccade responses remains to be determined. Additionally, pupil dilation is known to be modulated by emotional conflict signals, and both microsaccades and pupil dilation are arguably mediated by the superior colliculus (SC). However, the relationship between microsaccades and pupil dilation remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of emotional conflict on microsaccade rates and metrics by presenting an emotional face–word stimulus in the face–word Stroop task. Larger microsaccade amplitudes (or higher peak velocities) were observed in the incongruent condition compared to the congruent condition, while microsaccade rates were similar between the two conditions. Additionally, microsaccade amplitudes were larger in incongruent trials following congruent trials than in those following incongruent trials. Furthermore, interindividual correlations between differences in microsaccade responses and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores were observed. Finally, trials with lower microsaccade rates were associated with larger pupil dilation. These results demonstrate the modulation of microsaccade metrics by emotional conflict, implicating the SC in integrating signals from the locus coeruleus network to coordinate these responses.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"204-219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological maturation and sex differences of cholinergic sweating in prepubertal children to young adults 青春期前儿童与青壮年胆碱能出汗的生物学成熟及性别差异

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15331

Tatsuro Amano, Sota Yasuda, Shotaro Yokoyama, Shoma Oshima, Yumi Okamoto, Junto Otsuka, Hanano Kato, Yoko Kunimasa, Takako Hiwa, Naoto Fujii, Glen P. Kenny, Yuri Hosokawa, Toby Mündel, Narihiko Kondo, Yoshimitsu Inoue

{"title":"Biological maturation and sex differences of cholinergic sweating in prepubertal children to young adults","authors":"Tatsuro Amano, Sota Yasuda, Shotaro Yokoyama, Shoma Oshima, Yumi Okamoto, Junto Otsuka, Hanano Kato, Yoko Kunimasa, Takako Hiwa, Naoto Fujii, Glen P. Kenny, Yuri Hosokawa, Toby Mündel, Narihiko Kondo, Yoshimitsu Inoue","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15331","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15331","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to adults, prepubertal children exhibit underdeveloped cholinergic sweating. How maturation affects cholinergic sweating through early adulthood remains unclear. We assessed the influence of age and sex on cholinergic sweating, including seasonal acclimatization, in groups of prepubescent to young adult males and females. A total of 405 children and adolescents (ages 6-17; 229 boys and 176 girls) and 52 young adults (ages 18-25; 25 males and 27 females) underwent pilocarpine iontophoresis on the ventral forearm to induce cholinergic sweating during summer (n = 111) and non-summer (n = 457). Sweat gland output, calculated as sweat rate divided by activated sweat gland density, was compared between sexes and across age groups in 2-year intervals until age 17. We observed statistically significant sex-related differences in sweat gland output in children as young as 8-9 years of age, with even greater differences between sexes in groups 14-15 years of age and older. The changes in cholinergic sweating function occurred independently of maturational changes in body morphology. Our results offer insight into the sex differences in cholinergic sweating activity during maturation from childhood to adolescence.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"183-191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of breast tissue–mimicking electrical and acoustic phantoms for magneto-acoustic electrical tomography 开发用于磁声电子断层扫描的乳腺组织仿真电子和声学模型

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15338

Reyhan Zengin, Nevzat Güneri Gençer

引用次数: 0

Economic consequences of spatial variation and temporal variability of climate change 气候变化空间变异和时间变异的经济后果

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15335

Francisco Estrada, Richard S. J. Tol, Wouter Botzen

{"title":"Economic consequences of spatial variation and temporal variability of climate change","authors":"Francisco Estrada, Richard S. J. Tol, Wouter Botzen","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15335","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15335","url":null,"abstract":"Damage functions in integrated assessment models (IAMs) map changes in climate to economic impacts and are central to estimating the social cost of carbon (SCC). However, these functions assume no spatial variation (Svar) and temporal variability (Tvar) in climate changes, potentially biasing estimates and policy advice. While the effects of Tvar have been studied, those of Svar and their interactions with Tvar have not. Here, we allow for Tvar, Svar, and seasonality of damages and show that ignoring these factors significantly biases loss and SCC estimates. Under a high emissions scenario, losses are underestimated by 17–45%, representing US$1.9–US$9.7 trillion by 2050 and US$19–US$70 trillion by 2100 (17–35%). The present value of losses over this century exceeds previous estimates by US$38–US$222 trillion, representing 37–218% of 2020 global gross domestic product (GDP). The present value of losses including climate variability represents about 1.2–11.7% of the present value of global GDP over 2020–2100. The SCC increases by US$20/tCO2, reaching US$106/tCO2. There is large sectoral and regional heterogeneity regarding losses and SCC, with India, Africa, and China accounting for 50% of global SCC, and health and other markets contributing 40%. A more complete climate description than global mean temperature is needed in IAMs to adequately estimate climate change costs.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"170-182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.15335","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-grade systemic inflammation biomarkers in sedentary young healthy adults are not significantly affected by a 24-week concurrent training intervention 久坐不动的年轻健康成年人体内的低级全身炎症生物标志物不会受到为期 24 周的同步训练干预的显著影响

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15329

Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Lourdes Herrera-Quintana, Francisco M. Acosta, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Jonatan R. Ruiz

{"title":"Low-grade systemic inflammation biomarkers in sedentary young healthy adults are not significantly affected by a 24-week concurrent training intervention","authors":"Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Lourdes Herrera-Quintana, Francisco M. Acosta, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Jonatan R. Ruiz","doi":"10.1111/nyas.15329","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.15329","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we measured the dose–response effect of a 24-week concurrent training (CT) intervention on low-grade systemic inflammation biomarkers in sedentary young healthy adults. A total of 100 untrained participants were randomized to (1) no exercise (control group, n = 35), (2) aerobic + resistance exercise (CT) at moderate intensity (exercise-moderate group; n = 33), or (3) CT at vigorous intensity (exercise-vigorous group, n = 32). Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-7, IL-8, and IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α, leptin, and adiponectin were determined and compared among the three groups. The exercise-vigorous group members had lower differences in IL-7 levels among them, compared to the exercise-moderate group members (Δ = ‒7.97% vs. 1.90%; p = 0.030; 95% CI [‒0.90, ‒0.04]). The exercise-vigorous group members showed higher differences in CRP values (Δ = 20.1%; F = 3.339; p = 0.046) compared to both the control (Δ = ‒1.91%) and the exercise-moderate (Δ = ‒23.3%) group members, whereas the control group exhibited higher differences in IFN-γ levels compared to the exercise-vigorous group (Δ = 15.3% vs. 2.62%; p = 0.048; 95% CI [‒0.68, ‒0.01]). For individuals in the three groups, body composition and physical fitness correlated overall with leptin. The data show, and we concluded, that the training intervention had no significant effect on low-grade systemic inflammation biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1547 1","pages":"154-169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.15329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

(How) Do reasoning models reason? (推理模型如何推理？

IF 4.1 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15339

Subbarao Kambhampati, Kaya Stechly, Karthik Valmeekam

引用次数: 0