Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of growth performance and metabolic efficiency in Labeo rohita fed a sorghum-based diet supplemented with chromium chloride hexahydrate","authors":"Gulnaz Zia,&nbsp;Rehana Iqbal,&nbsp;Hamid Manzoor,&nbsp;Muhammad Afzaal,&nbsp;Muhammad Khalid","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02027-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02027-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing costs of fish feed in the aquafeed industry have highlighted the need to explore non-conventional carbohydrate sources that can sustain fish growth and health. Integrating carbohydrates with chromium compounds has emerged as a viable strategy to enhance energy efficiency and improve the overall health of fish. To explore this, sorghum was utilized as the carbohydrate source in a 90-day feeding trial designed to evaluate the impact of Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O supplementation on the growth performance and metabolic parameters of <i>Labeo rohita</i>. Four experimental diets were formulated, containing 0, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mg of Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O per kilogram, labeled as D1, D2, D3, and D4, respectively. Different growth parameters, such as percentage weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and body length, exhibited optimum values, while feed conversion ratio (FCR) recorded the lowest value at 0.3 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg diet. Moreover, a significant quadratic relationship (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) between Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O supplementation and SGR identified an optimal inclusion level of 0.345 mg/kg in feed formulation. The digestive enzymes amylase and protease activity increased in D2 treatment. The liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased at 0.3 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg, while the highest level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the lowest level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were observed at 0.5 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg in the diet. The glycogen contents increased; urea and creatine contents decreased at 0.3 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg. Insulin activity increased by addition of Cr. The enzymes PEP kinase and FDPase activity increased up to 0.5 mg while G6PDH at 0.3 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg; then, activity of these enzymes decreased by further addition of Cr. The minimum value of SOD was at 0.3 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg, ALT and AST values at 0.5 mg Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O/kg diet while gill ATPase activity slightly increased by increasing the Cr in fish feed. The results indicated that the optimal inclusion level of Cr₂Cl₃•6H₂O in a sorghum-based diet was 0.3–0.5 mg/kg, which supported superior growth performance, enhanced digestibility, and improved metabolic efficiency in fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum probiotics as functional feed additive in Pacific white shrimp (Peneaus vannamei)","authors":"Natarajan Lalitha,&nbsp;Kondusamy Ambasankar,&nbsp;Sivaramakrishnan Thirugnanamurthy,&nbsp;Sherly Tomy,&nbsp;Panjan Nathamuni Suganya,&nbsp;Ramalingam Ananda Raja,&nbsp;Sujeet Kumar,&nbsp;Raman Nanthini,&nbsp;Oimps Lunghar","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02023-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02023-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study aimed to investigate <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> as candidate probiotic and dead bacteria functional aquafeed additives in <i>P</i>. <i>vannamei</i>. The 45-day feeding experiment was carried out in juvenile whiteleg shrimp, <i>P. vannamei</i>. Two hundred and seventy shrimps were randomly distributed into nine tanks with 30 juvenile shrimps (initial body weight 4.43 ± 0.045 g) constituting three replicates per treatment. Water temperature was maintained at 26–29 °C. Three experimental diets were formulated, viz. basal diet with live <i>L. plantarum</i> 10¹¹ CFU Kg⁻¹ of feed (LLP); basal diet with <i>L. plantarum</i> dead bacteria (DLP); and control basal diet (CON). The animals were fed to satiation and the feed was offered at 6% of the body weight. The diet contains 364 g/kg crude protein and 15.79 MJ/kg energy level. It was found that the group fed with LLP showed higher (17.03 ± 0.42 g) final weight, weight gain, SGR, PER, and survival than DLP and CON, though statistically not significant. However, the PPV was significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher in the LLP-fed group. Significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher total haemocyte count; small and large nongranular haemocyte; and small and large granular haemocyte, as well as the percentage occurrence of these cells, were observed in LLP. Further, prophenol oxidase enzyme was significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) high in LLP and DLP. The immune-related gene <i>hsp 70</i> was significantly expressed higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in LLP and DLP. The LLP group recorded significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher amylase (1.80 ± 0.36 U mg⁻¹) and leucine aminopeptidase (0.78 ± 0.152 U mg⁻¹) hepatopancreatic digestive enzyme activity. Midgut depicted significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) high crypt depth (23.68 µm ± 8.20), villi height (59.53 µm ± 10.42), and muscular layer thickness (91.92 µm ± 13.98) in LLP. <i>Rhodobacteraceae</i> (37.69%) and <i>Flavobacteriaceae</i> (15.74%) were beneficial core microbiome bacterial signatures observed predominantly in LLP. In challenge studies with <i>Vibrio campbellii</i>, the LLP group recorded significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) lower cumulative mortality (30%) and significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) upregulated <i>prophenol oxidase</i>, <i>super oxide dismutase</i>, and <i>heat shock protein</i> immune gene expression. The results of the current study infer that dietary supplement of <i>L. plantarum</i> at 3% would act as a functional feed additive in the diet of <i>P. vannamei</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity and alkalinity as potential controls for pCO2 reduction in an experimental shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming","authors":"Andréa da Consolação de Oliveira Carvalho,&nbsp;Mariany Sousa Cavalcante,&nbsp;Alberto Nunes,&nbsp;João Felipe Nogueira Matias,&nbsp;Rozane Valente Marins","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02010-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02010-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shrimp farming, once limited to coastal areas, is now thriving in non-coastal regions as well, due to the success of the whiteleg shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) cultivation across a wide range of salinity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of salinity on the CO₂-carbonate system during experimental shrimp farm cultivation aiming sustainable crustacean aquaculture. The evaluation involved two shrimp production systems, where water samples were collected periodically from seven tanks of hypersaline water (M1) and seven tanks of brackish water (M2), making a total of fourteen semi-closed experimental units. Both treatments used the same feeding method. Carbonate system parameters (TA and pH) and ancillary data (including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and phosphorus fractions) were all sampled during the rearing cycle of these aquatic organisms. Additionally, pCO₂ and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were estimated for a complete evaluation of CO₂-carbonate system parameters. The results indicate that the hypersaline treatment (M1) resulted in lower pCO₂. In contrast, the mesohaline treatment (M2) led to higher pCO₂. The total alkalinity (TA) varied from 2420 to 3469 µmol. kg-1 in M1 and from 3589 to 4463 µmol. kg-1 in M2. Since the addition of lime is a common practice in aquaculture, our results suggest that it also should be managed as an approach for removing CO₂ in shrimp farming, besides the use of hypersaline waters, or to improve the carbon sustainability of brackish water shrimp farms, in search for greater sustainability of this activity in accordance with Sustainable Development Goal 14 – Life Below Water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A common garden comparison of the microbiome and gene expression of intertidally- and subtidally-cultured Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in relation to extreme warming events","authors":"Clara L. Mackenzie,&nbsp;Monique R. Raap,&nbsp;Colleen T. E. Kellogg,&nbsp;Chen Yin V. Walker,&nbsp;Rute B. G. Clemente-Carvalho,&nbsp;Timothy J. Green,&nbsp;Christopher M. Pearce","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01959-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01959-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to investigate how shellfish culture in the intertidal zone may serve as a means of conferring resilience prior to subtidal deployment for commercial grow-out, a common garden experiment was carried out with juvenile Pacific oysters. Individuals were cultured under intertidal or subtidal conditions for one year, following which intertidal animals were transplanted to the subtidal site and both treatment groups were cultured together under subtidal conditions for a period of five months. During that time, microbiome and gene expression were tracked in relation to a marine heatwave event. Multivariate analyses of samples indicated a significant effect of time on gene expression, but no significant effect of culture treatment prior to and during the heatwave. Significant differences in the expression of oxidative stress and immune response genes in post-heatwave samples in comparison to pre-heatwave and heatwave samples, and between culture treatment groups post-heatwave, were detected. Results also indicated significant differences in microbiome according to culture treatment and timepoint, with increased richness observed in intertidally-cultured oysters and over time. Similarly, while the overall composition of the oyster microbiome did not vary between culture treatments, changes were observed over time. At the end of the field trial, a laboratory-based temperature and <i>Vibrio</i> challenge experiment was conducted to compare genomic responses of both culture treatment groups following 24-h exposure to coinciding acute warming and pathogen stressor conditions. A significant interactive effect of temperature and culture treatment on gene expression was observed, further suggesting that stress response may be influenced by prior culture treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-01959-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity-dependent vulnerability of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to Vibrio parahaemolyticus: growth performance and antioxidant response","authors":"Lamiaa A. Okasha,&nbsp;Enas A. H. Farag,&nbsp;Rasha M. H. Sayed-ElAhl,&nbsp;El-Sayed H. Eissa,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Sherif","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02033-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02033-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whiteleg shrimp <i>(Litopenaeus vannamei)</i> became one of the most cultured crustacea in marine farms in North Egypt. The bacteriological examination of two shrimp farms (water salinity 4.28 and 28.5 g/L) that exhibited high mortality rates revealed the causative agents, which were three <i>Vibrioparahaemolyticus</i> strains VHLA1-3. They were identified by detecting three genes: integral membrane protein <i>(toxR)</i> and haemolysin genes (<i>tdh</i> and <i>trh</i>). The strains were multidrug-resistant and were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and florfenicol; also, their median lethal doses (LD₅₀) were 3.78 × 10⁵, 1.99 × 10⁵, and 1.95 × 10⁵ CFU/mL, respectively. In the experiment, 180 healthy shrimp (5.3 ± 0.03 g, body weight) were reared in three different water salinities 7, 35, and 50 g/L for 8 weeks and then were challenged with LD50 of the isolates VHLA1-3. At salinity of 50 g/L, shrimp experimentally infected with VHLA1, VHLA2, and VHLA3 showed a higher MR of 60%, 80%, and 80% compared to those of 7 and 35 g/L; florfenicol treatment resulted in mortality rate ranged between 10 and 20% regardless water salinity. Bacterial re-isolation (RI%) was 100% in challenged-untreated shrimp, whereas RI% was decreased after florfenicol treatment by 20%, 30 to 40%, and 0% at salinity of 7, 35, and 50 g/L, respectively. Experimental shrimp reared in high salinity (50 g/L) showed significantly higher final weight (15.6 g), specific growth rate (1.54%/fish/day), and low FCR compared to those of low salinity water (35 and 7 g/L). At salinity of 50 g/L, the expression of catalase<i> CAT</i> and superoxide dismutase<i> SOD</i> genes was significantly higher compared to those of low salinity, while the heat shock protein<i> Hsp70</i> expression was significantly raised in 50 g/L, followed by 7 g/L then 35 g/L in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. It was obvious that <i>V. parahaemolyticus </i>was the causative agent in shrimp mortality, with different patterns of virulent genes. Water salinity was the control factor in antioxidant status and <i>V.</i> p<i>arahaemolyticus</i> infection. Shrimp reared at salinity extremities, 7 and 50 g/L, exhibited high mortality and bacterial re-isolation. So, florfenicol treatment is recommended in <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> infection, and salinity extremities (7 and 50 g/L) should be avoided during rearing whiteleg shrimp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02033-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different salinities on growth and stress physiology in juvenile lumpfish","authors":"Thor M. Jonassen,&nbsp;Albert K. D. Imsland","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02030-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02030-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary stress response, osmoregulation, and growth were investigated in juvenile lumpfish (mean initial weight (g, ± SEM) was 27.1 ± 1.1—28.0 ± 1.3) reared at three different salinities (15, 20, and 36 ppt) for 28 days. Thermal growth coefficient (TGC) was between 4.0 ± 0.12 (15 ppt) and 4.2 ± 0.06 (36 ppt) and did not vary significantly between the three salinity groups. Plasma ions concentrations (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, and Ca²⁺) were unaffected by salinity and did not provide evidence of osmotic stress in the tested range. Plasma cortisol levels were similar at the beginning and end of the experiments and were similar to, or significantly lower, than values previously reported on undisturbed lumpfish. Overall, present findings indicate that juvenile lumpfish tolerate well low salinity within the tested range which encompasses conditions encountered in rearing sites where lumpfish are used to control parasites in salmon aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02030-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seaweed cultivation: a cost-effective strategy for food production in a global catastrophe","authors":"Michael Hinge,&nbsp;Vasco Amaral Grilo,&nbsp;Florian Ulrich Jehn,&nbsp;Juan B. Garcia Martinez,&nbsp;Farrah Jasmine Dingal,&nbsp;Michael Y. Roleda,&nbsp;David Denkenberger","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01978-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01978-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An event such as a large volcanic eruption, nuclear winter, and asteroid/comet impact has the potential to seriously reduce incoming sunlight, impacting the global climate, and crop yields. This could have catastrophic impacts on human nutrition, unless the food system can adapt. One possible answer is seaweed, where growth is projected to be less impacted (or even enhanced) by the climate shock; however, this requires seaweed to be cost-effective, which has not yet been assessed. Here, we estimate the economic viability of producing Gracilaria Tikvahiae seaweed under the climatic conditions of a severe 150 Tg nuclear winter, as a benchmark. To do this, we incorporate projected yields and estimated costs under either a capital-intensive or labor-intensive model, including drying, assuming sales only occur in the initial 7 years when food prices would be highest. Overall, we find that seaweed costs would range between $ 400 and 450/dry tonne for the lowest cost clusters, and could potentially be produced in significant quantities, up to 250 million tonnes annually. Given the rise in food prices expected post-disaster a scaleup in seaweed would likely be justified, and could support global nutrition, either via direct consumption or when used as animal feed.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-01978-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling gender dynamics and disparities in the aquaculture value chain: evidence from Ogun and Delta States, Nigeria","authors":"Rahma Isaack Adam,&nbsp;Lucy G. Njogu,&nbsp;Kevin Okoth Ouko,&nbsp;Surendran Rajaratnam,&nbsp;Lydia Adeleke,&nbsp;Lydia Ogunya,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ihiechi Akuwa,&nbsp;Cathy Razel Farnworth,&nbsp;Bernadette Fregene","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01966-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01966-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper offers new insights into gender norms, roles, participation, relations, and benefits derived by women and men engaged in the aquaculture sector in Ogun and Delta States in Nigeria. Data were collected using mixed methods, including structured surveys of 410 farmers, 175 market actors, and 53 input suppliers, 116 semi-structured key informant interviews, and 11 focus group discussions (FGDs). Overall results of the study revealed the linkages within the aquaculture value chain, which was highly gendered, with men dominating all the three main stages of the value chain as indicated by Duncan’s index of dissimilarity of 17.35%. Results also revealed a gender difference in the value of assets, ownership, and wage rate among men and women participants in paid labor in the input supply and fish trading segments. Men tended to realize more profits than women, indicating an imbalance in the distribution of benefits by gender along the aquaculture value chain. Results revealed that the participation of women in decision-making was relatively high, attributable to their involvement in aquaculture value chain activities. The findings highlight the need for governments, development agencies, and non-governmental organizations to address gender disparities in policies designed to improve the imbalance in the distribution of benefits between women and men.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-01966-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers and barriers to climate-smart aquaculture adoption: insights from Mwanza and Mara Regions, Tanzania","authors":"Christopher N. Mdoe,&nbsp;Christopher P. Mahonge,&nbsp;Edwin E. Ngowi","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02028-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02028-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate-Smart Aquaculture (CSAq) optimizes resource use, minimizes environmental impacts, and enhances resilience to climate stresses. However, adoption remains limited in African countries, including Tanzania, due to socio-economic, institutional, and environmental barriers. This study investigated drivers and enabling conditions for CSAq adoption in the Lake Zone of Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey of 384 smallholder aquaculture farmers in Mwanza and Mara regions was analyzed using a multinomial logit regression model. The results show that socio-economic factors significantly influenced adoption, particularly education level (higher education increased integrated farming adoption; <i>χ</i>² = 132.48, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), gender (male farmers were more likely to adopt integrated farming; <i>χ</i>² = 5.239, <i>p</i> = 0.003), and household size (larger households favored integrated systems; <i>χ</i>² = 10.838, <i>p</i> = 0.021). Institutional factors, including access to finance (<i>χ</i>² = 10.258, <i>p</i> = 0.013), extension services (<i>χ</i>² = 14.888, <i>p</i> = 0.008), and training (<i>χ</i>² = 19.564, <i>p</i> = 0.003), facilitated adoption. Environmental conditions, such as proximity to water (<i>χ</i>² = 6.351, <i>p</i> = 0.048) and lower climate variability (<i>p</i> = 0.011), also influenced uptake. Integrated farming, which combines aquaculture with agriculture and livestock, emerged as the dominant CSAq practice. Polyculture and monoculture were less commonly adopted. The regression results confirmed that integrated CSAq adoption is significantly driven by income diversity, household size, training, and climate risk perceptions. These findings directly inform the study’s recommendations, which emphasize targeted financial and technical support, including access to credit, extension services, and gender-responsive policies. Strengthening institutional capacity and embedding CSAq into national climate adaptation frameworks will be critical for scaling sustainable aquaculture in Tanzania and similar contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of combined probiotic supplementation on growth performance, survival, and health status in Labeo rohita","authors":"Iffat Amin,&nbsp;Erkan Can,&nbsp;Tooba Khan,&nbsp;Jamila Fatima,&nbsp;Momna Khalid","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02025-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02025-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the effects of probiotic supplementation, including <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (Sc), <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (Bs), <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> (Bl), and <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i> (Tlb, Digest 54 Plus), on growth performance, hematological, and immunological parameters of <i>Labeo rohita</i> fingerlings. The fishes were divided into four groups, including three treatments receiving 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg of probiotics, and a control group. After a 60-day trial, fingerlings provided with 0.75 g/kg probiotics showed significant improvements in growth performance, with a lower feed conversion ratio (1.47), higher specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio. Hematological analysis of these fingerlings revealed a significantly higher red blood cell count (3.47 × 10⁶ cells/mm³), elevated hemoglobin levels (90.1 ± 0.05 g/dL), and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (22.87 ± 0.06 g/dL). Moreover, a 91% survival rate, as well as significantly higher serum lysozyme activity and total leukocyte count, was also recorded in the fishes supplemented with 0.75 g/kg probiotics. These findings suggest that combined probiotic supplementation (Sc, Bs, Bl, and Tlb, 0.75 g/kg, 30% CP feed) can enhance growth, immunity, and overall aquaculture productivity in <i>Labeo rohita</i>. Optimizing the application of probiotics in aquaculture would lead to more sustainable fish production systems, modernized aquaculture practices, and less consumption of chemicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02025-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}