Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"ROV-assisted in situ density estimation for sea cucumbers via lightweight YOLOv8-FA and enhanced ByteTrack","authors":"Yanqiang Yang,&nbsp;Haolong Ban,&nbsp;Junyi Wang,&nbsp;Zejin Liu,&nbsp;Fangqun Niu,&nbsp;Qijun Chen,&nbsp;Jiaxu Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Zhijun Li,&nbsp;Yuanshan Lin","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02170-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02170-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sea cucumber, as an aquatic product of significant economic and ecological value, accurate population statistics for sea cucumbers are critical for achieving sustainable aquaculture. However, traditional manual sampling methods suffer from low efficiency, high cost, and significant errors due to sparse sampling and low coverage. Image-based approaches also struggle with efficient and accurate multi-object counting underwater, challenged by complex backgrounds, variable lighting, and target occlusion. To address these issues, this study proposes a ROV-assisted in situ density estimation for sea cucumbers via lightweight YOLOv8-FA and enhanced ByteTrack. First, the YOLOv8-FA algorithm was designed by replacing C2F modules with C3FA modules to enhance detection efficiency. Second, improvements were made to the ByteTrack framework through optimized target association and re-identification mechanisms, complemented by line-crossing counting to reduce missed and false detections. Finally, precise calculation of scanned areas via underwater camera geometric modeling enabled accurate sea cucumber density estimation. Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed framework for sea cucumber density estimation. By integrating the optimized detection and tracking algorithms, the model achieves an average counting accuracy of 87.5% (corresponding to a low normalized mean absolute error of 12.5%), a decisive improvement over the baseline method. This achievement is supported by the lightweight YOLOv8-FA detector. More importantly, the enhanced ByteTrack with a line-crossing strategy effectively overcame issues such as ID switches and trajectory fragmentation, ensuring the reliability of the final count. All key metrics significantly outperform comparative methods, validating the effectiveness of this study. Furthermore, this method is not only applicable to sea cucumber farming but can also be extended to other marine organisms, providing critical references for precision aquaculture and ecological monitoring technology advancement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in anti-WSSV immune mechanisms of penaeid shrimp: decoding “Host–Pathogen Interactions for WSSD Resilience\"","authors":"Samia Elbahnaswy,&nbsp;Eman Zahran,&nbsp;Mai A. M. El-Son,&nbsp;Eman A. Abd El-Gawad,&nbsp;Amany M. Shosha,&nbsp;Mahmoud G. El Sebaei","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02095-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02095-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shrimps are involved in diverse inherent defense reactions involving humoral and cellular immunity to recognize and eliminate viral invaders. Outbreaks provoked by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) have caused lethal devastation to penaeid shrimp aquaculture, with notable economic losses worldwide in the last 15 years. Despite intensive studies on WSSV characterization and infection mechanisms, information regarding WSSV-shrimp interactions must be explored to maintain the balance between immune-mediated protection and pathogenesis during viral infection. In-depth studies on cellular and humoral-mediated immune responses against WSSV have also been reported to assist in designing effective control strategies for WSSV, owing to their extensive emergence in large-scale shrimp production profits. This review discusses recent findings on the interaction of WSSV proteins recognized by shrimp receptors regulated by innate signaling immunological pathways, providing more ideas for effective prevention of viral infection. In addition, the molecular modifications exploited by WSSV evade shrimp immune responses for survival and replication. Additionally, summarizing viral reprogramming of host metabolic pathways provides basic knowledge for discovering new approaches to intensify the immune resistance of cultured shrimp against WSSV infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02095-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary pterostilbene for improving the whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): In vivo and in silico insights into growth, hemolymph physiology, redox state, immune function and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus","authors":"Roshmon Thomas Mathew,&nbsp;Nashi K. Alqahtani,&nbsp;Hesham S. Ghazzawy,&nbsp;Layla A. Almutairi,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Alqahtani,&nbsp;Yousef Ahmed Alkhamis,&nbsp;Abdallah Tageldein Mansour,&nbsp;Nagarajan Ganesan,&nbsp;El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa,&nbsp;Sameh A. Abdelnour,&nbsp;Zulhisyam Abdul Kari,&nbsp;Fatma Mahsoub","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02186-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02186-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pterostilbene (PST), a naturally occurring stilbenoid and polyphenol, demonstrates significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of dietary PST supplementation on growth, hemolymph physiology, molecular docking analysis, redox status, immune ability, and resistance to <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> in whiteleg shrimp. For this study, 320 healthy juvenile whiteleg shrimp (4.58 ± 0.36 g) were randomly allocated into four experimental groups. The control group (PST0) received a basal diet. The remaining three treated groups were fed diets supplemented with 100 (PST1), 200 (PST2), or 400 (PST400) mg PST per kg of diet over a 3-month period. The inclusion of PST in shrimp diets significantly improved growth attributes, demonstrating a quartic effect compared to untreated shrimp (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The FCR values in the PST2 and PST4 groups were superior compared to the PST0 (linear effect, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A linear effect was also observed in the survival rate (SR), responding proportionally to the increasing inclusion of PST in the shrimp diets. Supplementing PST significantly increased blood proteins (linear effect, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while liver enzymes (GGT, AST, LDH, and ALT) and lipid profile were quadratically decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). PST administration improved quadratically digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) in shrimp (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared to the PST0 diet. The inclusion of PST in shrimp diets resulted in a significant quadratic enhancement of SOD, GSH, and CAT activities compared to the PST-free diet (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). PST supplementation in shrimp diets induced a quadratically significant reduction in MDA, IL-4, and IFN-γ compared to the PST0 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The study indicates that dietary PST supplementation improved resistance to <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, with the PST4 group exhibiting the lowest mortality rate (30%) compared to the control group (60%). Molecular docking analysis indicates a robust binding affinity between the PST and apoptotic markers (caspase-3), and inflammatory (NFκB and TRAF6 receptors) with − 7.57, − 4.73, and − 3.14 kcal/mol. Overall, the inclusion of PST in shrimp diets proved beneficial effects by improving growth, boosting antioxidant activity, and decreasing inflammatory and apoptotic markers. This demonstrates a promising approach for enhancing the overall health and productivity of the shrimp industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palm kernel expeller (PKE)-based feed for brine shrimp Artemia production: effects on growth, biomass, and microbial composition","authors":"Krishnnappriyaa Gopi,&nbsp;Cher Chien Lau,&nbsp;Muhd Danish-Daniel,&nbsp;Thirukanthan Candra Segaran,&nbsp;Xinwei Zhou,&nbsp;Asmidar Mohamad,&nbsp;Patrick Sorgeloos,&nbsp;Yeong Yik Sung","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02165-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02165-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The brine shrimp <i>Artemia</i> is one of the most popular live food species used in aquaculture. The natural food for this crustacean is microalgae, bacteria, and detritus, but they can be grown using a variety of agricultural by-products, each having advantages and disadvantages. In this study, the efficacy of palm kernel expeller (PKE), a by-product of the oil palm industry, as a potential feed alternative for raising <i>Artemia</i> in an indoor tank culture system was investigated. Analysis on the nutritional composition showed that PKE contains 15% protein, 6% lipids, 51% nitrogen-free extract (NFE), 14% fiber, and 6% ash of dry weight, which made it a suitable aquafeed. Prior to utilization, PKE was mixed with seawater at a ratio of 1 kg of raw PKE powder to 4-L seawater, filtered through a 50-micron plankton net, and then incubated for at least 24 h. Based on the findings of a 14-day feeding trial, the optimal duration of PKE incubation and feeding concentrations necessary to grow nauplii to adults during tank cultures were one day of incubation (PKE1D) and maintaining 19-cm turbidity, where <i>Artemia</i> growth and biomass production were at their highest levels. <i>Artemia</i> were able to consume PKE particles, which microscopic examination revealed a completely filled stomach. The metagenomics analysis confirmed the presence of beneficial bacteria such as <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Candidatus aquiluna</i> belonging to the Actinobacteriota phylum in both the PKE solution and <i>Artemia</i> rearing water. <i>Artemia</i> biomass fed with PKE1D contained more than 45% protein, 21% NFE, and 9% lipids, making it nutritionally adequate for many aquaculture species. The findings of this study support that PKE is a suitable feed for <i>Artemia</i> and that this alternative is ideal to be used for an indoor tank culture system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02165-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in enzymatic activity and nutritional reserves of cultured paralarvae of Octopus vulgaris associated with the type of food","authors":"Pedro Domingues,&nbsp;Cristina Pascual,&nbsp;Honorio Cruz-López,&nbsp;Carlos Rosas,&nbsp;Aitor Sotelo,&nbsp;Pedro Gallardo","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02194-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02194-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, changes associated with the type of food in enzymatic activity and nutrient reserve contents during the first 27 days post-hatching of cultured paralarvae of the common octopus <i>Octopus vulgaris</i> were evaluated. The specific activities of lipases, acid and alkaline protease, along with glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and soluble protein concentrations, were evaluated every 3 days after hatching (DAH) in paralarvae, which were fed two types of diets: <i>Artemia</i> alone and the combination of <i>Artemia</i> with a microparticulate diet (AMD) formulated from freeze-dried squid muscle and crab meat. The results show peaks of activity of the evaluated enzymes at 6 and 24 DAH, with significantly higher values in paralarvae fed the combination of <i>Artemia</i> and microparticulate diet. In general, higher nutritional reserves were observed in paralarvae fed with AMD, especially in the soluble protein content at 3 and 18 DAH. The results obtained show that changes in digestive activity and nutritional reserves may be associated with the type of food and the maturation process of the digestive system, as has been demonstrated in paralarvae of this octopus species, and provide useful information for the development of specific diets during this phase of development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02194-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the threat: Aeromonas schubertii, an emerging bacterial pathogen inducing white nodule lesions in snakehead fish (Channa striata) at nursery farm in Thailand","authors":"Hendri Budiyansah,&nbsp;Muhammad Fadhlullah Mursalim,&nbsp;Putita Chokmangmeepisarn,&nbsp;Tilladit Rung-ruangkijkrai,&nbsp;Mahmoud Mabrok,&nbsp;Md. Idrish Raja Khan,&nbsp;Hartanto Mulyo Raharjo,&nbsp;Channarong Rodkhum","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02187-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02187-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Aeromonas schubertii</i> has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen that causes high mortality and characteristic white nodule lesions in striped snakehead fish (<i>Channa striata</i>) in nursery farms in Thailand. This study investigated a disease outbreak in July 2020 that resulted in elevated mortality and granulomatous lesions in the liver, kidneys, and spleen of the affected fish. Six bacterial isolates were recovered from diseased specimens and subjected to biochemical testing, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and molecular characterization using <i>16S rRNA</i> and <i>gyr</i>B gene sequencing. The predominant isolate was conclusively identified as <i>A. schubertii</i>. An experimental infection trial in <i>C. striata</i> using the CUVETASC03 strain successfully fulfilled Koch’s postulates, with the bacterium inducing a peak mortality rate of 86% at the highest inoculum and an estimated median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of 3.9 × 10⁵ CFU/fish. Infected fish exhibited progressive white nodule formation in their internal organs, with a marked increase observed at 7, 14, and 21 days post-injection. Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of granulomatous lesions in the liver, kidney, and spleen. These findings provide critical insights into the pathogenicity and tissue tropism of <i>A. schubertii</i> in striped snakeheads and highlight its emergence as a significant threat to the sustainability and productivity of snakehead aquaculture. This study underscores the importance of rapid diagnosis, ongoing epidemiological surveillance, and proactive disease management strategies to mitigate the impact of <i>A. schubertii</i> infection in aquaculture settings.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of powdered diets on the performance of the planktonic larvae of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota","authors":"Zhenhao Lin,&nbsp;Ximin Zheng,&nbsp;Lei You,&nbsp;Weihuan Yu,&nbsp;Xuanliang Wang,&nbsp;Jinhui Wu,&nbsp;Zonghe Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02200-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02200-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the effects of partial or complete replacement of conventional feed (live microalgae <i>Chaetoceros muelleri</i>:<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> = 3:1) (Group A) with powdered diets, including marine red yeast (<i>Rhodotorula</i> sp.) powder, <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i> powder, and/or <i>Dunaliella salina</i> powder, on the survival, growth, and development of planktonic larvae of <i>Holothuria leucospilota</i>. Larvae in Group C (<i>C. muelleri</i>:<i>C. pyrenoidosa</i>:<i>S. cerevisiae</i> = 2:1:1) had the fastest growth rate, attaining a maximum body length of 862.30 ± 67.11 µm on day 4 (6 days post − fertilization), and entered the doliolaria stage by day 12. This group also had the highest survival rates, with a final survival rate of 90.48 ± 10.03%. In contrast, Groups D, E, and F (supplemented with <i>D. salina</i>) had slower growth and lower survival rates; Group E (<i>Rhodotorula</i> sp.:<i>C. pyrenoidosa</i>:<i>D. salina</i>:<i>S. cerevisiae</i> = 1:1:1:1) had the lowest survival rate (42.86 ± 8.57%). Doliolaria larvae were observed in Groups B (<i>C. muelleri</i>:<i>Rhodotorula</i> sp.:<i>S. cerevisiae</i> = 2:1:1), D (<i>C. muelleri</i>:<i>D. salina</i>:<i>S. cerevisi</i>ae = 2:1:1), E, and F (<i>C. muelleri</i>:<i>Rhodotorula</i> sp.:<i>C. pyrenoidosa</i>:<i>D. salina</i> = 1:1:1:1) by day 10, and the proportion of doliolaria larvae was highest in Group E (50.00%). Overall, supplementing conventional feed with <i>C. pyrenoidosa</i> significantly enhanced larval growth and survival, and <i>Rhodotorula</i> sp. and <i>D. salina</i> advanced larval development. In terms of overall cost and rearing effectiveness, <i>C. pyrenoidosa</i> could be added to conventional feed to optimize growth and survival, and <i>Rhodotorula</i> sp. could be supplemented to facilitate metamorphosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome and metabolome profiling of Macrobrachium rosenbergii reveals immune defense mechanisms against decapod iridescent virus 1","authors":"Jing Chen,&nbsp;Xue-Mei Yuan,&nbsp;Meng-Yao Zhao,&nbsp;Jin-Biao Jiao,&nbsp;Lei Huang,&nbsp;Hai-Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-Jie Sun,&nbsp;Ling-Wei Xu,&nbsp;Jia-Yun Yao","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02166-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02166-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The giant freshwater prawn <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i> is a globally vital aquaculture species threatened by decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), which causes severe economic losses. This study integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling to elucidate immune defense mechanisms in <i>M. rosenbergii</i> against DIV1. Transmission electron microscopy revealed viral proliferation in hepatopancreatic and gill tissues, with higher virion density in gills. Artificial infection experiments classified individuals into susceptible (S) and resistant (R) groups. Transcriptome analysis identified 768 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in S-vs-R comparisons, enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1 signaling, and PI3K-Akt pathways. Metabolomics highlighted perturbations in arginine biosynthesis, with elevated N-α-acetylcitrulline, citrulline, and L-arginine in resistant prawn, suggesting enhanced nitric oxide-mediated antiviral responses. Integrated multi-omics analysis revealed coordinated regulation of MAPK, calcium signaling, and mTOR pathways, alongside ABC transporters linked to metabolite detoxification. Key genes (<i>JNK</i>, <i>RHOA</i>, TAB1, <i>AKT</i>, <i>PI3K</i>, <i>STAT</i>) were validated via qRT-PCR, showing upregulated expression in resistant individuals. These findings uncover metabolic reprogramming and immune signaling adaptations critical for DIV1 resistance, providing insights for breeding disease-resistant prawn varieties and informing targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate aquaculture losses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Aloe vera supplementation enhances stress resilience and physiological recovery in transported Labeo rohita fingerlings: optimizing growth, immunity, and feeding behavior","authors":"Chandan Debnath","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02188-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02188-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effects of dietary <i>Aloe vera</i> supplementation on stress mitigation and recovery in transported <i>Labeo rohita</i> fingerlings using a completely randomized design with four treatment groups (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% <i>Aloe vera</i> supplementation) and three replicates per treatment. Fish (initial weight, 5.8 ± 0.2 g) were fed experimental diets for 3 weeks prior to undergoing a standardized 4-h transportation stress protocol in oxygen-filled polyethylene bags. Post-transport, fish were returned to their respective tanks and maintained on the same experimental diets for an additional three weeks to evaluate recovery. Fish were sampled at weekly intervals (pre-transport days 7, 14, and 21; post-transport days 7, 14, and 21) to assess growth, physiological parameters, immune function, and feeding behavior. The 1% supplementation level showed optimal results, with significantly higher survival (98.3 ± 0.7%), weight gain (47.6 ± 2.1% during post-transport period), and improved feed conversion ratio (1.45 ± 0.06) compared to other treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Post-transport cortisol levels were significantly lower in the 1% group (15.8 ± 1.2 ng/L) by week 3 compared to controls (35.4 ± 1.7 ng/L). Immunological analysis revealed significant enhancement in the 1% treatment group, with higher lysozyme activity (148.6 ± 4.2 U/mL), respiratory burst activity (0.89 ± 0.04 OD540nm), and total antioxidant capacity compared to controls. Feeding behavior also improved significantly, with shorter feeding latency (12.4 ± 1.2 s) and higher feed intake (2.8 ± 0.1% body weight/day) in the 1% treatment group. Water quality parameters were maintained within optimal ranges throughout the experiment with regular water exchange. Results demonstrate that 1% dietary <i>Aloe vera</i> supplementation effectively mitigates transport stress and enhances physiological recovery in <i>L. rohita</i> fingerlings, offering a sustainable approach to stress management in aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomic analysis of gill tissues in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under low-temperature stress","authors":"Zhi-Guang Hou,&nbsp;Meng-Chao Xing,&nbsp;Li-Han Zhang,&nbsp;Yi-Huan Xu,&nbsp;Xin Zhao,&nbsp;Xiao-Wei Gao,&nbsp;Chun-Long Zhao,&nbsp;Cheng-Bin Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02190-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02190-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gills, as crucial respiratory organs in fish, are extremely sensitive to temperature fluctuations in aquatic environments. However, the adaptive mechanism of largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) to low-temperature stress remains largely unknown. We investigated the effects of low temperature (10 ℃) on the largemouth bass gills at 0 (C), 2 (T0), 24 (T1), 48 (T2), 96 (T4), and 144 (T6) h post-exposure, subjecting tissues to histological analysis and transcriptome sequencing. Compared to the control group (25 ℃), the low-temperature groups showed 123, 3416, 4745, 4576, and 4615 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at T0 vs. C, T1 vs. C, T2 vs. C, T4 vs. C, and T6 vs. C, respectively. The lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and immune response signaling pathways were significantly enriched based on the KEGG enrichment pathway analysis. Five low-temperature–specific modules were significantly correlated with low-temperature stress through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Western blot (WB) analysis confirmed the upregulated expression of the HSP70 protein in gill tissues under cold stress, indicating its critical role in cold adaptation. Histological observations revealed structural disorganization, disordered cell arrangement, and compromised functional integrity in the gills of fish exposed to low-temperature treatment. In our study, <i>cirbpb</i> and <i>hmgb1</i> were identified for the first time in largemouth bass under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, <i>sik3</i> was discovered to play a functional role in low-temperature adaptation in fish, representing its first reported involvement in this process within teleosts. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gill responses to low temperature in largemouth bass and establishes a theoretical foundation for breeding cold-tolerant fish species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}