Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Effect of adding nanoparticle magnetite (Fe3O4-NPs) and probiotics in feed on the growth performance of catfish (Clarias batrachus)","authors":"Vivin Viani,&nbsp;Sri Juari Santosa,&nbsp; Suyanta","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02174-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02174-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The limited availability and low bioavailability of inorganic iron in conventional fish feed can hinder optimal growth and health in fish. Therefore, this study evaluates the effectiveness of Fe₃O₄-NPs as a nutritional supplement in catfish (<i>Clarias batrachus</i>) feed. Fe₃O₄-NPs were synthesized via the coprecipitation method, producing cubic crystalline particles averaging 11.99 ± 0.42 nm in size. These nanoparticles were incorporated into a fish diet containing fish meal, rice bran, soybean meal, cornmeal, fish oil, and vitamin C, along with probiotics (<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), B<i>acillus </i>sp., (3 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) <i>L. acidophilus</i> (6 × 10⁸ CFU/mL), and 3 g <i>Saccharomyces carasiviae</i>) to enhance digestion and nutrient absorption. Three experimental feeds with Fe₃O₄-NPs doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg were prepared and compared to commercial feed as a control. Parameters evaluated included feed physical and chemical characteristics, fish growth performance, feed efficiency, survival rate, histology of gills, liver, and muscle, as well as heavy metal content in water and fish flesh. Basal Feed 60 mg/kg dose Fe₃O₄-NPs (BF60) yielded the best results, with optimal growth performance (protein efficiency ratio (PER): 0.50; specific growth rate (SGR): 1.57%/day), high survival rate, and normal tissue morphology. Histological observations indicated no toxicity, and heavy metal levels in fish flesh from BF60 remained below FAO (2021) safety limits: Zn (17.849 mg/kg), Fe (4.695 mg/kg), Cu (0.800 mg/kg), with other metals undetected. These findings indicate that 60 mg/kg Fe₃O₄-NPs is a safe and effective dietary supplement for improving catfish growth performance and health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and toxin production inhibition in Gymnodinium catenatum by extracts of two native macroalgae Cystoseira barbata and Ulva lactuca from the southern Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Zakaria A. Mohamed,&nbsp;Hana Abohbell,&nbsp;Adel S. Ben Omran,&nbsp;Tahani A. Y. Asseri,&nbsp;Mohamed Hashem,&nbsp;Hoida A. Badr","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02171-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02171-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Macroalgae are known to release allelochemicals that can suppress the growth of their competitors in the same environment. The present study investigates the potential effects of aqueous and methanol extracts of two native macroalgae (<i>Cystoseira barbata</i> and <i>Ulva lactuca</i>) from the southern Mediterranean Sea on the growth and saxitoxin production of harmful algal bloom-forming dinoflagellate <i>Gymnodinium catenatum</i>. Aqueous extracts of <i>U. lactuca</i> and <i>C. barbata</i> significantly increased <i>G. catenatum</i> growth by 60–70% as compared to the control, but they had no discernible effect on toxin production. Conversely, the methanol extracts of the two macroalgae showed inhibitory effects on <i>G. catenatum</i> growth, with greater suppression occurring by <i>C. barbata</i> (IC₅₀ = 1.5–50 mg mL⁻¹) than <i>U. lactuca</i> (IC₅₀ = 3.7–214 mg mL⁻¹). The macroalgal methanol extracts also induced the toxin production in <i>G. catenatum</i> cells during the first 4 days of incubation, but this production had dropped to undetectable levels by the end of the experiment. <i>G. catenatum</i> cells treated with macroalgal methanol extracts sedimented without lysing or releasing toxins and then transformed to non-viable, nontoxic temporary cysts. Our study suggests that methanol extracts of these macroalgae could be a viable method to control harmful algal blooms in confined coastal areas. Nevertheless, ecotoxicological research on the extract’s possible effects on aquatic life is required before use.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive performance of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) cultivated in two areas of southern Portugal","authors":"Ana Margarete Matias,&nbsp;Sandra Joaquim,&nbsp;Ana Rato,&nbsp;Paula Moura,&nbsp;Miguel B. Gaspar,&nbsp;Teresa Baptista,&nbsp;Florbela Soares,&nbsp;Domitília Matias","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02177-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02177-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The optimisation of offshore mussel production is crucial to meet market demand. Understanding of the reproductive performance of <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i> enables the maximisation of larval recruitment by timely adjusting the deployment of collector ropes. In this study, the reproductive cycle of <i>M. galloprovincialis</i> produced at two offshore sites along the Algarve coast (Olhão and Lagos) was evaluated using histological analysis of gonads, biochemical composition, and condition index. Surface sea water temperature (SST) and chlorophyll <i>a</i> (Chl <i>a</i>) were recorded to assess the effect of these factors on the reproductive cycle. Although reproductive patterns differ between the two years of the study, both sites exhibited a higher reproductive effort in late spring 2014. No specific spawning period was observed, with mussels under successively and continuously gonadal recovery and spawning throughout most of the study. No clear correlation with SST and Chl <i>a</i> was found in the current study. At both sites, glycogen content and gonadal index revealed opposite patterns, showing a rapid gonadal recovery after spawning. The current study provides valuable insights for improving farm profitability by supporting more effective production management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02177-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative histological and transcriptomic profiling of the hepatopancreas and ovary reveals key regulators of ovarian redevelopment in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Tianci Kong,&nbsp;Peizi Zheng,&nbsp;Shanhua Xu,&nbsp;Xinyi Yao,&nbsp;Qiang Sheng,&nbsp;Shaokui Yi,&nbsp;Zhenglong Xia,&nbsp;Guoliang Yang,&nbsp;Qiongying Tang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02181-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02181-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The giant freshwater prawn <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i> is highly valued in commercial aquaculture. Although the patterns and molecular mechanisms of ovarian development have been studied to some extent, the nutritional conversion and interactions between the hepatopancreas and ovaries during ovarian development of <i>M. rosenbergii</i> remain unclear. In this study, histological observations and transcriptomic analyses were combined to investigate the dynamic changes in histological morp<u>h</u>ology and gene expression patterns of the hepatopancreas and ovaries during five stages of ovarian redevelopment in <i>M. rosenbergii</i>. Additionally, the correlation between the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) was analyzed. The results revealed a significant negative correlation between GSI and HSI, indicating a reciprocal regulatory relationship between the hepatopancreas and ovaries during ovarian redevelopment. Histological analysis showed a marked decrease in the number of resorptive cells in the hepatopancreatic tubules following ovulation, further supporting their interaction. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction network and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed significant activation of the cell cycle and spliceosome pathways in the hepatopancreas during the ovarian recovery stage. These findings suggest that the hepatopancreas not only provides nutrition and energy to <i>M. rosenbergii</i> but also contributes to ovarian redevelopment by regulating cell proliferation and gene expression at the molecular level. This study provides new insights into the multifaceted roles of the hepatopancreas during ovarian redevelopment in crustaceans, contributing valuable information to the field of reproductive physiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Input–output analysis of Streptococcus disease impact on Malaysian tilapia production and exports","authors":"Elisa Jean Jion Nor Pau,&nbsp;Chen Chen Yong","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02180-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02180-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tilapia is a vital commodity for Malaysia’s fish consumption and exports. The presence of <i>Streptococcus</i> bacterial infection has posed a threat to the production of tilapia production in Malaysia. This study investigates the economic impacts of <i>Streptococcus</i> disease on Malaysia’s tilapia production and exports. The methodology used is input–output analysis with different scenarios, namely baseline, preventive test-kit scenario, outbreak with intervention, and outbreak with no intervention. This method compares between the output multipliers to assess the costs of outbreaks. The study finds that the aquaculture industry could expand tilapia exports by an estimated value of 6.54% when test-kit intervention is implemented before the outbreak of <i>Streptococcus</i> disease. On the contrary, it risks losing up to approximately 40% of its export value without intervention, directly impacting revenue and economic stability. However, the implementation of test kit interventions reduces this risk, limiting the export losses to 37.59%. The policy makers shall introduce targeted tax incentives for small-scale tilapia farmers who adopt test-kits and adhere to best aquaculture practices, supported by monitoring systems. Future research may focus on establishing disease-free certification schemes and evaluating the cost-effectiveness of integrated approaches including water quality, vaccination, and fish health management. Sustainable tilapia production is essential to enhance food security, protecting small-scale farmers’ livelihoods, and minimising environmental risks. Aligning these practices with Malaysia’s commitments to SDG 2—Zero Hunger and SDG—Responsible Consumption and Production will strengthen its position as a responsible and competitive player in global aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02180-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal remedies in aquaculture: efficacy, risks, and the need for quality assurance","authors":"Mahdi Banaee,&nbsp;Deepa Sharma,&nbsp;Reshma Sinha,&nbsp;Nikola Mikušková,&nbsp;Josef Velíšek,&nbsp;Caterina Faggio","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02120-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02120-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of herbal remedies in aquaculture has gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to synthetic drugs, particularly in response to rising concerns about antibiotic resistance and chemical bioaccumulation. This review examines the current landscape of herbal medicine in aquaculture, focusing on its therapeutic applications, limitations, and the pressing need for rigorous quality assurance. We synthesize findings from recent studies on the antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic effects of plant-based treatments across various aquatic species. Special attention is given to challenges such as variability in efficacy, potential toxicity, environmental contamination, and the presence of anti-nutritional factors. The review also explores methods of phytochemical analysis, contamination screening, and product standardization. Despite promising results, inconsistent regulation, dosage uncertainty, and contamination risks pose significant barriers to widespread adoption. We emphasize the importance of harmonized international guidelines, evidence-based use, and validated safety protocols to ensure that herbal remedies can be reliably and safely integrated into modern aquaculture practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on carbon budget in small-scale high-density intensive Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture ponds","authors":"Hong Huang,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Zhuo-Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Peng-Fei Cheng,&nbsp;Xu Zhao,&nbsp;Sheng-Nan Dang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02173-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02173-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing global demand for aquaculture products has driven the emergence of ultra-intensive aquaculture systems, which are projected to dominate future aquaculture development. However, comprehensive assessments of carbon budgets in such high-density production models remain limited. This study conducted systematic carbon budget evaluations in two intensive <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> aquaculture ponds in Zhejiang Province, China. Our findings reveal that carbon inputs were predominantly attributed to commercial feed (81.87–82.04%), followed by inflow water (16.83–16.87%) and stocking shrimp inputs (0.6–0.7%). Carbon outputs were primarily discharged through effluent water (81.84–84.74%), with harvested shrimp biomass accounting for 15.3–22.2%. Notably, excessive stocking densities were associated with suboptimal growth performance (low growth rates, survival rates, and feed conversion efficiency). The observed feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.78 indicates significant resource inefficiency and increased operational costs. When incorporating unaccounted carbon fluxes and energy consumption, we estimated CO₂ emission equivalents of 6.54–6.60 kg CO₂/kg shrimp production. Remarkably, only 8.1–8.9% of emissions originated directly from aquaculture operations, while 91.1–91.8% derived from electricity consumption required for system operation. Key implications include the following: (1) heavy reliance on formulated feeds (&gt; 80% carbon input) coupled with low conversion efficiency (11.1–12.5% carbon assimilation efficiency), (2) elevated carbon loading in effluent (6.4 times influent concentrations) posing environmental risks, and (3) energy consumption constituting the principal carbon footprint component. These findings highlight critical needs for optimizing stocking densities and feeding regimes while maintaining productivity, coupled with the development of energy-efficient practices. Future research should prioritize sustainable intensification strategies that balance production demands with environmental stewardship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial feed restriction and refeeding in rearing Colossoma macropomum juveniles in a recirculating aquaculture system","authors":"Thiago Santana Cotrim,&nbsp;Jayme Aparecido Povh,&nbsp;Danilo Henrique Aguiar,&nbsp;Susana Amaral Texeira,&nbsp;Lucas de Oliveira Brasileiro,&nbsp;Louise Nex Spica,&nbsp;Rebeca Maria Sousa,&nbsp;Giovanna Rodrigues Stringhetta,&nbsp;Rafaela Martins Ferreira,&nbsp;Bruna Vougado da Silva,&nbsp;Raychson de Oliveira Ferreira,&nbsp;Ricardo Henrique Bastos de Souza,&nbsp;Ruy Alberto Caetano Corrêa Filho","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02078-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02078-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the effects of partial feed restriction at 1% and 0.5% of live weight (LW) on tambaqui (<i>Colossoma macropomum</i>) juveniles, focusing on growth, carcass composition, health, and tissue morphology. A total of 576 fish (initial weight: 168.7 ± 9.40 g) were distributed across 18 tanks (<i>n</i> = 6 per treatment) and fed a commercial extruded diet with 32% crude protein. Fish were assigned to three groups: PR1 (1% LW), PR0.5 (0.5% LW), and CG (control), in a recirculating aquaculture system. After 28 days of restriction, all groups were re-fed at 3% LW for 56 days and 2.5% LW for 28 days, totaling 112 days. Biometric, organ, and blood analyses were performed on days 0, 28, and 112. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).On day 28, PR1 and PR0.5 showed lower body weight, condition factor, cholesterol, triglycerides, and reduced hepatosomatic and visceral fat indices vs. CG (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), without hematological or histological impairment. By day 56, weight gain and feed efficiency improved in both restricted groups. On day 84, PR1 matched CG, while PR0.5 remained lower. At the end (day 112), no significant differences were observed among treatments.. In conclusion, restricting feed up to 0.5% LW for 28 days, followed by refeeding, supports compensatory growth without compromising health, carcass traits, or muscle morphology, representing a feasible and sustainable feeding strategy for tambaqui farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Watery yucca (Yucca schidigera) additions and biofloc as closed water systems: an assessment of their effects on reproductive efficiency, biochemistry and blood gases, and fry performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Hamed H. E. Saleh,&nbsp;Mohamed F. A. Abdel-Aziz,&nbsp;Basem S. Abdelaty,&nbsp;Walaa K. Bazina,&nbsp;Mohammed F. El Basuini,&nbsp;Shawky I. Darwish,&nbsp;Hala Saber Khalil","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02063-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02063-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global water scarcity is a growing concern, prompting aquaculture specialists to seek techniques for prolonged water quality maintenance. This study conducted an 84-day spawning trial of Nile tilapia broodstock followed by a 45-day fry rearing trial under four treatments: control A (CA, unchanged water), control B (CB, 50% weekly water change), yucca (unchanged water with daily <i>Yucca schidigera</i> extract addition), and biofloc. Broodstock were distributed in three replicates per treatment (1 male:3 females) in 1.5-m³ tanks. Fish were fed a 30% protein commercial diet at 1% biomass. Fecundity indices, gonadosomatic index, and blood sex hormones were measured 20 days post-trial initiation. Fry were collected and reared in separate tanks, fed 40% protein diet. Results showed that the biofloc group, followed by yucca and CB, exhibited the highest levels of blood sex hormones, improved liver and kidney functions, enhanced blood oxygen saturation, and lower ammonia and carbon dioxide levels. These factors contributed to higher reproductive efficiency and fry production with superior growth performance and survival rates compared to CA. Nile tilapia broodstock spawned under a biofloc system or an unaltered water system with <i>Y. schidigera</i> extract additions produced higher quality fry and demonstrated better physiological status and reproductive efficiency. Furthermore, <i>Y. schidigera</i> can complement biofloc technology, potentially improving growth and immune status of farmed fish through enhanced water quality parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02063-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of spawning induction, egg incubation, and larval rearing of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in groundwater and seawater resources through different water management systems","authors":"Reham M. K. Negm,&nbsp;Heba Saad El-Sayed,&nbsp;Hadir A. Aly","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02065-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02065-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the viability of using groundwater (GW) compared to seawater (SW) in European sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>) aquaculture. Wild broodstock were captured 2 months before spawning and acclimated to tanks with either SW or GW 1 week prior. Females received HCG injections in both water types. Fertilized eggs were collected into six conical tanks supplied with SW or GW. At 7 days post-hatch (dph), larvae were transferred to 12 rearing tanks with SW or GW, using either flow-through or static water systems (three replicates per treatment). Growth performance and survival were monitored up to 60 dph. The results revealed that spawning induction of European sea bass broodstock failed in GW while succeeded with egg fertilization and hatchability up to 97 ± 1% in SW. Hatching was 96 ± 1% for the fertilized eggs transferred from SW to GW incubators. However, the newly hatched larvae suffered high mortality up to 7 dph, which gradually decreased with the start of exogenous feeding. During the period from 7 to 60 dph, larvae and post-larvae showed normal viability and survival with either flow-through or static water systems in SW and GW. At the end of the experiment, the results indicated that water sources in combination with the water-rearing systems significantly affected post-larvae performance. Larval survival was significantly higher in both GW systems (static: 88.8 ± 2.1%, flow-through: 89.9 ± 5.6%) and in the static SW system (84.15 ± 2.8%) compared to the flow-through SW system (70.4 ± 5.8%). Moreover, the final length of larvae at 60 dph was significantly higher in the static GW system (2.27 ± 0.09 cm). In addition, larvae reared in static GW had higher final weight (140. 00 ± 4.24 mg). Total protein and total lipid contents were significantly higher in larvae reared in GW than those reared in SW for both water systems. The study suggested a static GW system for European sea bass larval rearing starting from 7th dph onwards to achieve better larval quality and higher survival. Future research is needed to enhance GW with new technologies to accommodate <i>D. labrax–</i>induced spawning and newly hatched larval rearing.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02065-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}