Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Successful high replacement of fishmeal in rainbow trout feed by consortia of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria results in equal growth, health, and muscle composition","authors":"Gustavo Papini,&nbsp;April Grace Opinion,&nbsp;Joanna Desmidt,&nbsp;Abbas Alloul,&nbsp;Pieter Vermeir,&nbsp;Gudrun De Boeck,&nbsp;Siegfried E. Vlaeminck","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01955-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01955-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The expanding aquaculture industry faces challenges due to limited fishmeal production, some of which is unsustainably sourced. Developing alternative protein sources for aquafeed is crucial to enhance the sector’s long-term sustainability. Microbial protein, and more particularly single-cell protein as dried microbial biomass, shows promise due to its relatively low environmental footprint. Open consortia of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (AHB) enable an innovative and cost-efficient manner to upgrade resources from feed-grade wastewater, promoting a more circular and sustainable system. High-Rate Conventional Activated Sludge (HiCAS) and High-Rate Contact Stabilization (HiCS) are suitable compact AHB production processes. However, to the authors knowledge, no studies have explored AHB produced in HiCAS or HiCS systems as a fishmeal replacement. This pioneering research aimed to assess the impact of substituting fishmeal with HiCAS and HiCS biomass on the growth performance, health, and muscle quality of juvenile rainbow trout. The 7-week feeding trial utilized AHB biomass grown on brewery wastewater, with isonitrogenous, isolipidic, and isocaloric diets. Fishmeal substitution levels were 25%, 50%, and 75% for both HiCAS and HiCS AHB biomass. Results indicated that AHB diets performed similarly to the control (<i>p</i>&gt; 0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. Fitness parameters, including standard metabolic rate, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, condition factor, and muscle quality, showed comparable observations between AHB diets and control. Overall, these findings suggest that both HiCAS and HiCS biomass can replace up to 75% of fishmeal protein content with similar effects on fish growth, health, and fillet quality. This research underscores the potential of AHB biomass as a sustainable alternative protein source for aquafeed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trait segregation and growth characteristics of the F2 generation hybrids between Crassostrea dianbaiensis and C. iredalei","authors":"Jiangwei Li,&nbsp;Ying Pan,&nbsp;Qinggan Xing,&nbsp;Jinhui Wu,&nbsp;Haitao Ma,&nbsp;Weitao Wan,&nbsp;Chao Yue,&nbsp;Zhongyu Wang,&nbsp;Jun Li,&nbsp;Ziniu Yu,&nbsp;Yanping Qin,&nbsp;Yuehuan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01951-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01951-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Crassostrea dianbaiensis</i>, a recently identified species with significant commercial potential, has been successfully hybridized with <i>Crassostrea iredalei</i>, demonstrating that fertilization can be bidirectional. Notably, only the DI hybrid lineage (<i>C. dianbaiensis</i>♀ × <i>C. iredalei</i>♂) achieves maturity. These DI hybrids display remarkable growth vigor and survival advantages over their parental strains. To further investigate the trait segregation patterns in the F₂ generation and the stable inheritance of heterosis, an intraspecific-crossing experiment was conducted with mature DI individuals, and place the juvenile shellfish in natural sea areas and artificial ponds for comparative aquaculture. The study involved crossing within <i>C. dianbaiensis</i>, <i>C. iredalei</i>, and mature DI individuals. The results indicated that F₂ hybrids could fertilize successfully and develop normally, but exhibited signs of outbreeding depression during the planktonic larval stage compared to the grandparental species. Genetic analysis using ITS1 markers classified F₂ individuals into three distinct categories: F₂-I, F₂-D, and F₂-H. Water temperature fluctuations during the growth phase in Oushi’s ponds were more extreme than those observed in the Sanbaimen sea. On day 360, the ratio of F₂-I, F₂-D, and F₂-H in Oushi’s ponds was approximately 1:1:4, contrasting with a 1:1:2 ratio in the Sanbaimen sea. This indicates that F₂-H has a higher survival rate in Oushi’s ponds with drastic temperature changes. In addition, nearly all F₂-D individuals showed phenotypic traits surpassing the F₂ average. Histological examination of gonads indicated that all three F₂ types were capable of gamete production, albeit with delayed gonadal development relative to age-matched grandparental species. In conclusion, both F₂-H and F₂-D exhibited heat tolerance and enhanced growth rates, respectively, suggesting their potential as new foundational breeding stocks for targeted development of strains adapted to large-scale aquaculture in southern China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression responses unveil the negative effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Gammarus komareki (Amphipoda: Gammaridae)","authors":"Sevdan Yilmaz,&nbsp;Deniz Anıl Odabaşı,&nbsp;Aytuğ Zilifli,&nbsp;Mohammed Banni,&nbsp;Hany M. R. Abdel-Latif","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01929-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01929-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) is a major organic pollutant, particularly in Mediterranean countries with intensive olive oil production. In this study, the toxic effects of OMW were tested on a freshwater macroinvertebrate, <i>Gammarus komareki</i>. Animals were exposed to different concentrations of 1/5, 1/10, and 1/20 of the previously calculated 72-h LC50 (LC50 = 3.65%) and was applied as high (0.73%), medium (0.365%) and low (0.1825%) levels, respectively for 20 days. At exposure, female and male individuals from each group were sampled separately. Samples were analyzed for the expression levels of antioxidant defences (<i>cat</i>, <i>gst</i>, <i>se-gpx</i>, and <i>mn-sod</i>), reproduction (vitellogenin-like protein, <i>vtg</i>), respiration (hemocyanin, <i>hc</i>), antitoxic defences (heat shock protein 70, <i>hsp70</i>), and molting (molt-inhibiting hormone, <i>mih</i>) related genes. Results revealed that the expression levels of <i>vtg</i> gene in females exposed to low doses were increased significantly compared to other groups; however, its levels were decreased in group exposed to high doses compared to the control and other groups. The mRNA expression levels of <i>mn-sod</i> and <i>se-gpx</i> genes of males and female individuals exposed to low OMW doses increased significantly compared to other doses. The mRNA expression levels of <i>gst</i> gene increased in males and females exposed to moderate doses and only in males exposed to low doses compared to other groups. The mRNA expression levels of <i>cat</i> gene of females were similar in all groups, while their levels were higher in males exposed to OMW than in the control group. The expression values of <i>hsp70</i> gene were significantly decreased in females and all males exposed to high doses of OMW. On the other hand, the <i>mih</i> gene expression in females was increased at low doses of OMW, while decreased in the groups exposed to high doses compared to the control group. In male individuals, the <i>mih</i> expression levels significantly increased in all experimental groups. The expression of the <i>hc</i> gene was decreased in male and female individuals exposed to all doses of OMW compared to the control group. To put it briefly, the great variations in the gene expression levels in groups exposed to OMW underlines the toxic effects of this effluent and its negative impacts on the aquatic organisms.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary zinc requirement of Catla (Catla catla) juveniles","authors":"Anam Zafar,&nbsp;Syed Zakir Hussain Shah,&nbsp;Mahroze Fatima,&nbsp;Syed Makhdoom Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad,&nbsp;Majid Hussain,&nbsp;Wazir Ali","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01963-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01963-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc (Zn) is an essential inorganic micronutrient in fish, as it plays important roles in many biological functions. This study was performed to evaluate the dietary Zn requirements of <i>Catla catla</i> and its impacts on growth, proximate composition, nutrient utilization and antioxidant enzyme activities. Six experimental diets were prepared from the basal diet supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/kg Zn from ZnSO_4, and the Zn contents were 2.15, 22.11, 42.14, 62.06, 81.89 and 101.63 mg/kg, respectively. Each experimental diet was fed in triplicate for 60 days, and each replicate contained 15 fish (initial weight 12.581 ± 0.1293 g). At the end of the trial, increasing the dietary Zn concentration to 62.06 mg/kg significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) improved the weight gain (WG), specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio of the fish; however, higher dietary Zn concentration had no effect. A dietary Zn level of up to 62.06 mg/kg significantly improved (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) the whole-body crude protein (CP) and crude fat (CF) contents and plateaued thereafter. Furthermore, Zn absorption significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) increased with 81.89 mg/kg Zn in the diet and plateaued thereafter. The Zn content in the whole body, kidney, muscles, scales and bones gradually increased (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) to 62.06 mg/kg of Zn in the diet and remained stable afterwards. The somatic indices and antioxidant enzymatic activity of <i>C. catla</i> juveniles significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) increased to 62.06 mg/kg and plateaued above this level. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) with increasing Zn supplementation to 62.06 mg/kg and then stabilized. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) with increasing Zn concentration to 62.06 mg/kg and then remained stable with further increases. The optimal level of Zn for <i>C. catla</i> juveniles in this study was estimated to be 52.43, 62.12 and 58.65 mg/kg on the basis of WG%, Zn in bone and TBARS, respectively. In conclusion, dietary Zn supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>) improved growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, antioxidant status, Zn contents in tissues and ALP activity in <i>C. catla</i>. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of dietary zinc on immune function, stress tolerance, and overall fish health, as well as the bioavailability of different zinc sources and their interactions with other micronutrients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating effects of seaweed on gene expression and histological damage in Nile tilapia under acute ammonia stress and bacterial infection","authors":"Mahmoud Radwan,&nbsp;Moussa Attia Moussa,&nbsp;Eman A. Manaa,&nbsp;Ghadeer M. Albadrani,&nbsp;Muath Q. Al-Ghadi,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. El-Sharkawy,&nbsp;Rania M. Waheed,&nbsp;Mohamed Fares","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01933-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01933-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia exposure can be considered more stressful for aquatic animals when it is concurrent with bacterial infection. In this regard, the study was planned to evaluate ammonia stress, the <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> infection, and their synergic effect on Nile tilapia to understand this interaction and the inclusion of seaweed extract (ASE), a natural agent for rearing water to reduce these negative influences. Seven groups of fish with the same initial weight were allocated as the control group: T0 (free of ammonia, <i>A. hydrophila</i>, and ASE), fish exposed to ammonia (2.5 mg/L), <i>A. hydrophila</i> stress, concurrent ammonia, and <i>A. hydrophila</i> stress without ASE (T1–T3) while groups (T4–T6) treated with ASE respectively. Data illuminated that an adverse effect on haemato-biochemical and immunological indices was seen in fish exposed to ammonia and <i>A. hydrophila</i> stress separately or together, and these indices improved after being treated with ASE, particularly in T4 and T5 fish groups. Likewise, antioxidant activity significantly decreased (SOD and CAT) along with increased MDA levels in fish subjected to the stress of ammonia and <i>A. hydrophila</i> separately or together without ASE while improved in these indices after being treated with ASE, especially in T4 and T5 fish groups. The expressions of TNF-α, HSP70, LZM, COX-2, C3, IL-1β, and IL-8 genes were downregulated in ASE-treated fish and upregulated in fish subjected to ammonia and <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection separately or together. Conversely, SOD CAT and IL-10 gene expression were elevated in ASE-treated fish (T3–T6) and declined in fish subjected to ammonia and <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection separately or together (T1-T3). The histopathology analysis showed that fish subjected to ammonia and bacterial infection displayed inflammatory and irregular characteristics, while fish treated with ASE induced anti-inflammation effects. Hence, the study concluded that ammonia increases the infection of <i>A. hydrophila</i>, and treated with AES protects Nile tilapia from these stresses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and mechanism analysis of fatty acid differences between backcross F2 derived from blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala,♀) × topmouth culter (Culter alburnus,♂) and its closely related species","authors":"Qixiang Wang,&nbsp;Haoyang Wangchen,&nbsp;Junhan Luo,&nbsp;Yanling Qing,&nbsp;Ran Jiang,&nbsp;Yanan Luo,&nbsp;Xing Gao,&nbsp;Jing Liu,&nbsp;Zhenfeng Chen,&nbsp;Yanfang Li,&nbsp;Shenping Cao,&nbsp;Jianzhou Tang,&nbsp;Zhen Liu,&nbsp;Suchun Liu,&nbsp;Zhimin He","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01954-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01954-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-quality fatty acids are essential indicators of the nutritional value of aquatic fish. This study investigates the differences in muscle fatty acid composition and their nutritional implications by integrating physiological and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms in the New Hybrid Bream (BBTB) compared with four closely related species: <i>Megalobrama hoffmanni</i> (MH), <i>Megalobrama terminalis</i> (MT), <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> (MA), and <i>Culter alburnus</i> (CA). A total of 21 fatty acids were identified in muscle tissue through gas chromatography, including 7 saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and 14 unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Among all species, palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1n- 9), and linoleic acid (C18:2n- 6c) were the most abundant, accounting for 71.44 to 77.74% of the total fatty acids. Notably, BBTB exhibited a higher proportion of n- 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (C20:4n- 6), and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2). Subsequently, the expressions of fatty acid synthesis, degradation, and transporting related genes were examined to explore the mechanism of elevated PUFA in BBTB. The result exhibited that the expression of fatty acid synthesis key genes <i>fasn</i>, <i>fads2</i>, <i>fads6</i>, <i>acacb</i>, <i>srebp1</i>, <i>acss2</i>, and <i>dgat2</i> genes of BBTB was significantly higher than that of other groups. Additionally, the expressions of <i>pparα</i>, <i>pparδ</i>, and <i>pparγ</i> which are critical regulators in the PPAR signaling pathway were significantly elevated in BBTB, suggesting their involvement in fatty acid synthesis, degradation, and oxidation. Further, transcriptomic analysis of BBTB liver further confirmed the gene expression results. Transcriptomic analysis of BBTB liver identified 125 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with a subset associated with fatty acid metabolism, including pathways related to fatty acid degradation, PPAR signaling, and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated significant enrichment of DEGs in lipid metabolism pathways, and COG and GO annotation further verified a high proportion of DEGs functioned in lipid transport, post-translational modifications, protein transformation, and chaperone activity. These findings provide valuable insights into the different values of BBTB and other examined group fishes and regulatory mechanisms governing lipid metabolism in BBTB, offering a foundation for improving the nutritional value of fish in aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo and in silico preliminary evaluation of the cyanobacterial peptides portoamides A and B against the white spot syndrome virus in freshwater crabs (Paratelphusa hydrodomous)","authors":"Bharath Raja,&nbsp;Vidya Radhakrishnan,&nbsp;Sudhakaran Raja,&nbsp;Sandra Pereira,&nbsp;Catarina Gonçalves,&nbsp;Vitor Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Mariana Reis,&nbsp;Joana R. Almeida","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01947-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01947-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>White spot syndrome, caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), is a devastating viral disease responsible for significant economic losses in the shrimp farming industry. In the search for natural therapeutic alternatives against WSSV, this study explored the antiviral potential of portoamides, natural peptides produced by the cyanobacterium <i>Phormidium</i> sp. LEGE 05292. Given that the structural proteins of the viral envelope, specifically VP28, VP26, and VP24, are the primary mediators of host cell attachment, they serve as promising targets for antiviral drug development. Our approach combined <i>in vivo</i> post-infection histopathological analysis with <i>in silico</i> molecular docking to assess the antiviral efficacy of portoamides. In the <i>in vivo</i> study, crabs were injected with portoamides alongside WSSV and monitored for 30 days post-infection. The antiviral activity of portoamides was evaluated through survival rates and histopathological observations. The results revealed that crabs treated with portoamides showed improved survival and reduced signs of viral infection compared to the control group. In parallel, <i>in silico</i> molecular docking analysis was conducted to assess the binding affinity between portoamides and the viral envelope proteins VP28, VP26, and VP24. The docking results demonstrated that these proteins exhibited the highest binding energies with portoamides, indicating a strong interaction that could potentially inhibit viral attachment and replication. Our findings suggest that portoamides effectively inhibit WSSV replication by interacting with the viral envelope proteins, thereby preventing the virus from establishing infection in crabs. Moreover, it is hypothesized that portoamides may stimulate the immune system in crabs, further enhancing resistance to WSSV infection. However, additional studies are needed to fully understand the immunomodulatory mechanisms involved. These preliminary results highlight the potential of portoamides as natural antiviral agents for combating WSSV in aquaculture settings, paving the way for future research on their application in disease management strategies.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-01947-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of long-term photoperiod on growth, gonad yield and health status of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius","authors":"Fanjiang Ou,&nbsp;Wenzhuo Tian,&nbsp;Peng Liu,&nbsp;Hao Guo,&nbsp;Xuechun Jiang,&nbsp;Shuaichen Wu,&nbsp;Tongshan Jia,&nbsp;Jun Ding,&nbsp;Yaqing Chang,&nbsp;Weijie Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01957-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01957-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing growth, gonad yield, and health status in cultured sea urchins is crucial. This study examined the growth, gonadal development, and immune response of the sea urchin <i>Strongylocentrotus intermedius</i> subjected to five distinct photoperiod regimes (light–dark ratio of 0L: 24D, 8L: 16D, 12L: 12D, 16L: 8D, and 24L: 0D) for a duration of 13 months. The findings indicated that sea urchins in the 0L treatment achieved the largest body weight overall, however, they attained the maximum specific growth rate (SGR) only during the initial 0 to 3 months stage. In the latter phases, sea urchins subjected to the 12L or 16L treatment attained the highest SGR. This outcome indicated a heightened requirement for light as body size increases. The photoperiod regime significantly influenced the gonad yield of the experimental sea urchins (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), with individuals in the 16L treatment attaining the greatest gonad weight and the highest gonad index by the conclusion of the experiment. The photoperiod regime did not significantly influence the gonadal coloration of the experimental sea urchins. Histological analysis indicated that the proportion of mature individuals decreases with the reduction of daily light duration. The 0L and 8L photoperiods may regulate the excessive gonadal development in young <i>S. intermedius</i>. At the end of the experiment, no significant change in the phagocytic rate or phagocytic index was seen between the treatments. Finally, long-term photoperiods did not influence the survival rate or immunity of <i>S. intermedius.</i> Our findings indicated that in land-based aquaculture systems, the sea urchin <i>S. intermedius</i> may be cultivated in dark or under reduced daily light to achieve rapid growth, followed by cultivation in a 16L photoperiod to enhance gonad output at harvest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature on growth performance, gonad development, immunity, and antioxidant response of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ♂ × Oreochromis aureus ♀)","authors":"Endalh Mekonnen,&nbsp;Yujie Deng,&nbsp;Yude Sun,&nbsp;Lanmei Wang,&nbsp;Jianjun Fu,&nbsp;Mingkun Luo,&nbsp;Zaijie Dong,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01930-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01930-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The alteration of water temperature influences fishery productivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of water temperature on the growth performance, gonad development, immunity, and antioxidant functions of hybrid red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> × <i>Oreochromis aureus</i>). The experimental fish were reared at four different temperatures (22, 25, 28, and 31 ℃). The fish reared at 28 ℃ had the highest weight gain and the highest specific growth rate, but a lower feed conversion ratio. Increasing the water temperature to 28 ℃ promotes the development of the gonads of this fish; however, lower temperatures (22 ℃) can inhibit its development. The fish reared at 28 ℃ had the highest gonad somatic index (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Malondiadehyde, lysozyme, and complement (C3) in the gills and liver of hybrid red tilapia (<i>O. niloticus</i> × <i>O. aureus</i>) were significantly decreased at 31 ℃, indicating the immune system was influenced at a higher temperature. However, the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione in the gills and liver of the fish were significantly higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) at rising temperatures. The fish reared at 25 ℃ showed better liver health. We conclude that thermal stress may increase oxidative stress and reduce immune function in red tilapia, leading to impaired fish growth, and reproduction. Knowledge of the effects of temperature on fish species is critical for sustainable fishery management, and it may improve the production of these species and contribute to genetic breeding programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feed enriched by autochthonous probiotic bacteria and its effect on growth and immune response under different feeding regimes and immune response after Aeromonas salmonicida infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Natália Chomová,&nbsp;Marek Ratvaj,&nbsp;Dagmar Mudroňová,&nbsp;Peter Popelka,&nbsp;Jan Mareš,&nbsp;Miroslava Palíková,&nbsp;Martin Faldyna","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-01950-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-01950-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the impact of a newly developed probiotic feed using the autochthonous probiotic strain <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> R2 Biocenol™ on the immune response of healthy rainbow trout, particularly after infection with <i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> subsp. <i>salmonicida</i>. A probiotic feed was tested using different application strategies—continuous and cyclic feeding—to assess its influence on immune function. In the first phase, a non-infectious experiment was conducted to compare these feeding approaches and their effects on immune-related gene expression over time. The second phase involved an infection trial in which fish previously supplemented with probiotics were exposed to a bacterial pathogen to evaluate potential protective effects. Results indicated that while continuous probiotic feeding did not significantly alter immune function, cyclic feeding was associated with a temporary boost in immune response, as evidenced by changes in the expression of key immune-related genes (<i>cd8</i>, <i>igm</i>, <i>il-8</i>, <i>tnf-α</i>). Furthermore, the body length and weight improved in fish fed with probiotics increased over the study period. One week post-infection, pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions (<i>il-1</i>, <i>il-8</i>, <i>tnf-α</i>) were reduced in the probiotic group, with a similar trend observed for other pro-inflammatory molecules. The second infectious sampling indicated increased expression of <i>cd4</i> and <i>cd8</i> genes, suggesting heightened acquired immunity in the probiotic group. These findings suggest that probiotics can influence immune function and may contribute to improved disease resistance in aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-01950-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}