Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Dietary intervention of propolis and/or turmeric boosted growth, hematology, biochemical profile, and antioxidant-immune responses and their associated gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Edwardsiella tarda","authors":"Asmaa Edrees,&nbsp;Asmaa S. A. Abdel-Daim,&nbsp;Nema S. Shaban,&nbsp;Olfat Shehata,&nbsp;Rowida E. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01741-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01741-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Immunostimulant phytogenic feed additives are given great concern for improving fish health, growth, immune responses, and resistance to diseases. This research investigated the impact of dietary propolis (PRO), turmeric (TUR), and their combination on the growth, hematology, antioxidant-immune responses, and their regulating genes in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) during <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> challenge. For 8 weeks, a total number of 320 fish (20.70 ± 0.14 g) were allocated into four groups at random, each with eight replicates (10 fish each). The first group (1st) was given the basal diet (control) without any supplements. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were supplemented with 1% PRO, 1% TUR, and the mixture (1%PRO + 1%TUR), respectively. The experimental groups were challenged intraperitoneally with <i>E. tarda</i> at a dose of 0.1 mL (1 × 10⁵ CFU) at the termination of the feeding trial, and the fish survival was estimated for an additional 7 days. The results demonstrated that fish-fed diets supplemented with PRO and/or TUR showed higher body weight, condition factor, specific growth rate, feed intake, and feed efficiency utilization than the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The hematological, protein profile, and antioxidant-immune (total antioxidant capacity, lysozymes, and IgM) parameters were substantially improved in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed fish. The lipid profile and malondialdehyde were substantially decreased in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed group. Notably, a down-turning of nuclear factor kappa B (<i>NFκB</i>) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (<i>TNF-α</i>) expression with up-turning of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2</i>) and transforming growth factor-beta (<i>TGF-β</i>) expression was noticed in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed fish. Noteworthy, dietary PRO and/or TUR improved the fish survival during <i>E. tarda</i> challenge. The mixture of PRO and TUR can be added to Nile tilapia diets to enhance their growth, immune response, and resistance to <i>E. tarda</i>. These outcomes help in the sustainable development of the Nile tilapia culture industry.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-024-01741-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of growth and metabolism in diploid and triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas under different temperature and salinity","authors":"Lingling Sun,&nbsp;Gaowei Jiang,&nbsp;Chengxun Xu,&nbsp;Qi Li","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01743-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01743-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triploid Pacific oyster <i>Crassostrea gigas</i> is increasingly important in aquaculture due to its improved growth and meat quality. However, adaptability differences between diploid and triploid oysters in varying environments are inconclusive. To address this concern, we compared the growth, physiological parameters (clearance rate, CR; oxygen consumption rate, OCR; ammonia excretion rate, AER; the Arrhenius break temperature (ABT) based on heart rate), and metabolism-related gene expression (<i>HK</i>, <i>PK</i>, and <i>PEPCK</i>) in diploid and triploid <i>C. gigas</i> at various temperatures (17 ℃, 20 ℃, 23 ℃, 26 ℃, and 29 ℃) and salinities (18 psu, 22 psu, 26 psu, 30 psu, and 34 psu). Triploids exhibited higher shell heights than diploids across various temperature and salinity treatments. No significant difference in CR, OCR, or AER was observed between diploids and triploids. Compared to diploids, triploids had higher O: N ratios at 29 ℃ but lower O: N ratios at 18 and 22 psu. Except for the 23–26 ℃ range, diploids had lower <i>Q</i>_<i>10</i> values, suggesting that they are less sensitive to respiration changes within these temperature ranges. Additionally, triploids demonstrated higher thermal adaptation, as evidenced by a higher ABT value (triploids: 26.52 ℃ &gt; diploids: 25.71 ℃). The <i>PEPCK</i>/<i>PK</i> and <i>PEPCK</i>/<i>HK</i> ratios indicated that triploids have lower anaerobic metabolism levels than diploids at 17 ℃, 23 ℃, and 26 ℃, but higher levels at salinities of 18 psu, 22 psu, and 26 psu. Overall, triploids showed greater adaptability at 17 ℃, 23 ℃, 26 ℃ and 29 ℃, while lower adaptability at salinities of 18 psu, 22 psu, and 26 psu. Our findings provide insights into the physiological metabolism underlying temperature and salinity adaptation in diploid and triploid oysters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on albino and pigmented rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): growth, non-specific immunity, disease resistance, and related gene expressions","authors":"Muhammet Hayati Kayhan,&nbsp;Ergi Bahrioğlu,&nbsp;Öznur Özil","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01757-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01757-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies are showing that albinism has negative effects on growth and immunity in rainbow trout, and there are also studies showing the opposite. Therefore, in this study, a comparison has been made between the albino (AA), normal pigmented (PP), mixtures (Mix), and their crossbreds (AP and PA) of rainbow trout in terms of growth performance, non-specific immune system parameters, mRNA relative expression levels, and disease resistance. Regarding the non-specific immune system parameters examined, the albino group (AA) showed the highest lysozyme, NBT, and IgM levels, while the normal pigmented (PP) group exhibited the lowest values. The lowest mortality rate was observed after the challenge test in the AA group (16%), followed by PA (30.66%), Mix (32.00%), and AP (36.00%), with the highest mortality rate recorded in the PP group (52.00%). The results obtained from experimental research have been confirmed through molecular analyses. The expression level of IL-8 showed the highest level in the AA group (6.05 ± 1.95^a), followed by PA (4.44 ± 1.60^ab), Mix (3.04 ± 0.72^bc), and AP (1.29 ± 0.23^c) groups compared to the PP group (onefold). There was no statistical difference among the groups regarding growth performance (except for specific growth rates and final weights) and IGF-1 mRNA expression levels. In conclusion, the study suggests that albinism does not have a detrimental effect on rainbow trout. In addition, the observation of a strong non-specific immune system in albinism could promote more efficient and sustainable aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of a pond aeration system using Taguchi-based gray relational analysis","authors":"Erdinc Arici,&nbsp;M. Cihat Tuna,&nbsp;Ayca Aytac,&nbsp;Guluzar Tuna Kelestemur","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01758-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01758-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a growing interest in high-performance, sustainable, and efficient aeration technologies to ensure the necessary oxygen levels in ponds, wastewater treatment plants, and aquaculture areas. Multiple optimization efforts are mandatory to maximize the aeration performance and energy efficiency of high-aeration performance systems simultaneously. This study aims to optimize the aeration performance of aquaculture systems using the Taguchi-based gray relational analysis (GRA) method. Taguchi-based gray relational analysis method has been preferred due to its capability of enabling optimization with fewer experiments, analyzing interactions among independent variables, and its applicability in both linear and nonlinear systems. The use of the Taguchi-based GRA method to improve efficiency in the aeration process is a novel approach for these systems with multiple variables. In this study, the optimal parameter levels for the conduit aeration system were determined and compared with the initial levels through validation tests. Additionally, the effects of parameters on aeration performance and energy cost were analyzed. As a result, it was determined that the aeration performance of the system increased fourfold compared to the initial level, and the cost decreased sixfold. It was observed that the most effective parameter on the system is the gate opening, and the least effective parameter is the tank diameter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do exports and domestic prices influence aquaculture shrimp production: Evidence from the key South and Southeast Asian countries","authors":"Kodjo N’Souvi,&nbsp;Chen Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01693-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01693-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, shrimp aquaculture has become one of the most promising and fastest-growing aquaculture industries in providing aquatic food globally. In comparison with other aquatic products, shrimp plays an important role because of its high export value and self-employment opportunities provided for farmers and stakeholders along its value chain in developing countries. This study attempts to provide some insights into the export-agricultural growth nexus by considering the aquaculture shrimp industry. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of shrimp exports on aquaculture shrimp production over the period 1998–2022 for the major South Asia and Southeast Asian shrimp-producing countries. By using the cointegration approach and panel autoregressive (<i>PVAR</i>) model, empirical findings indicated that there is no causal relationship between the volume of shrimp aquaculture production, its exports, imports, and the domestic prices in the long run and the short run. In addition, the results of the <i>PVAR</i> approach did not show enough evidence to support the assumption that growth in shrimp exports can enhance growth in the production of aquaculture shrimp perhaps because of the small sample size or other plausible reasons. However, our findings evidence that exports rather than imports explain much of the variation in aquaculture shrimp production across time. Despite the limitations of evidence, hence suggesting the need of more data, these findings have some policy implications in providing insights to the governments in countries where aquaculture (shrimp industry) have considerable importance. Exploring all possible ways to increase or promote aquaculture shrimp production can help shrimp producers in South Asia and Southeast Asia countries and, by extension, all shrimp production countries globally. Evaluating the shrimp exports-production growth nexus or similar work to this current study could be carried out by incorporating more countries and variables over a much longer period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DF-DETR: Dead fish-detection transformer in recirculating aquaculture system","authors":"Tingting FU,&nbsp;Dejun Feng,&nbsp;Pingchuan Ma,&nbsp;Weichen Hu,&nbsp;Xinting Yang,&nbsp;Shantan Li,&nbsp;Chao Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01697-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01697-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In aquaculture, real-time and rapid detection of dead fish is important for early risk warning and improving aquaculture efficiency. However, the complex actual environment and uncontrollable fish movement have brought great challenges to the detection of dead fish. Therefore, this paper proposes a high-precision and lightweight dead fish-detection transformer (DF-DETR) based on machine vision and original RT-DETR (real-time detection transformer). The specific implementation is as follows: Firstly, the backbone of the original RT-DETR was replaced by the RepNCSPELAN module which extracts multi-scale features. This not only improves the model’s ability to detect targets of different sizes but also reduces the amount of model parameters. Secondly, the AIFI in the RT-DETR was improved to CascadedGroupAttention (CGA). By changing the original feature fusion method, different levels of features are grouped and attention mechanism is added, so as to capture more target features. Finally, the CCFM_CSP module was constructed to fuse important features using parallel dilated convolution with different expansion rates, which improves the detection accuracy. The experimental results show that the mAP@.5 of the proposed dead fish detection model DF-DETR can reach 96.6%, and the parameter amount is reduced by 27% compared with the original RT-DETR. In summary, the proposed DF-DETR model realizes real-time and high-precision dead fish detection, which can provide effective technical support for the development of intelligent inspection robots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UV-A-induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): the bioremediation potential of Spirulina platensis for aquaculture","authors":"Mohamed Hamed,&nbsp;Carlos E. Monteiro,&nbsp;Rashad E. M. Said,&nbsp;Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud,&nbsp;Taghreed N. Almanaa,&nbsp;Mervat Naguib,&nbsp;Hanem S. Abdel-Tawab,&nbsp;Alaa Osman,&nbsp;Jae-Seong Lee,&nbsp;Alaa El-Din H. Sayed","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01724-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01724-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the protective effects of <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) on African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus</i>) against ultraviolet radiation-A (UV-A) induced oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, and histological damage. Recognized for its nutritional value and environmental benefits, SP was evaluated as a potential bioremediation agent. The experiment involved four groups: a control group, a UV-A-exposed group, a UV-A + 100 mg/L SP group, and a UV-A + 200 mg/L SP group, with UV-A exposure for 1 h daily over 3 days. Serum markers of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and immune responses (lysozyme (LYZ) and phagocytic activity (PhA)) were measured. UV-A exposure significantly decreased SOD and TAC levels and increased MDA levels. However, SP treatment countered these effects, raising SOD and TAC levels while lowering MDA levels in both SP-treated groups. Similarly, the UV-A-induced reduction in LYZ and PhA activities was reversed by SP treatment, returning to near control levels. Histological analysis showed substantial tissue damage in UV-A-exposed fish, which was mitigated in SP-treated groups, with higher SP concentrations offering greater protection. These results suggest that SP effectively reduces oxidative stress, boosts immune responses, and preserves tissue integrity in UV-A-exposed African catfish. Overall, this study highlights the potential of SP as a valuable bioremediation agent in aquaculture, promoting fish health and resilience to environmental stressors. SP emerges as a promising candidate for enhancing sustainable aquaculture practices through its protective and ameliorative properties.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) and arugula microgreens (Eruca sativa) in small-scale aquaponic systems: technical and economic viability","authors":"Bruno Cezar Nascimento Ramos da Silva,&nbsp;Felipe José da Silva,&nbsp;Karolayne Ribeiro da Silva Oliveira,&nbsp;Roberto Gomes Aguiar Filho,&nbsp;William Severi,&nbsp;Mateus Vitória Medeiros,&nbsp;Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01759-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01759-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquaponics is an activity that has been growing worldwide as a sustainable alternative for food production and practical implementation throughout society. The objective of this study was to develop micro-scale aquaponics with a native Brazilian species, the tambaqui (<i>Colossoma macropomum</i>), associated with the cultivation of microgreens, an agro-food trend, using arugula (<i>Eruca sativa</i>), with the aim of evaluating the economic viability of family production. For 70 days, the growth performance of 80 tambaqui juveniles (average initial weight = 61.88 g ± 8.31 g) was monitored. Two treatments with two hydroponics structures, Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and Floating Raft Technology (FRT), each with four replications, were compared. Tambaqui survival was 100% in both treatments. The final weight of juveniles was 136.38 g (± 35.67 g) in NFT systems and 116.5 g (± 24.63 g) in FRT systems. In the four production cycles carried out, the arugula microgreens performed better in the NFT systems (157.38 g ± 21.74 g; 6.68 cm ± 0.17 cm) compared to FRT (41 g ± 6.18 g; 4.46 cm ± 0.58 cm), identifying the best hydroponic unit for the cultivation of <i>E. sativa</i> microgreens. Finally, the economic viability study was conducted considering the average wage in Brazil of US$ 285.66 for the implementation of a homemade aquaponic system. The possible scenarios considered a family income of two or more minimum wages for the implementation of at least one aquaponic system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a transgenic tg(Hspa8b: GFP) Nile tilapia for monitoring of stress and anti-stress effects of the influence of temperature and vibration","authors":"Zhi Lei Yao,&nbsp;Jia Yue Li,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Hong Ju Chen,&nbsp;Shi-Jin Jiang,&nbsp;Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Xiang Shan Ji","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01712-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01712-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the cultivation and transportation process, fish are often exposed to many types of stressors such as heat or cold shock, vibration, etc. Stress may cause diverse stress-related health problems such as endocrine disruption, slow growth, immune dysfunction and even produce high mortality. Various anti-stress agents have been developed to alleviate stress. However, the deficiency of stress related animal models limited the development of anti-stress agents. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish an animal model for monitoring of stress in fish species. In this study, we generated a transgenic Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) line <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> with a <i>Hspa8b</i> promoter-driven Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) expression. Next, we validated the efficiency and sensitivity of <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> model by monitoring the effects of stresses including heat shock, cold shock and vibration on GFP expression. The results showed the ubiquitous GFP expression was inducible in all examined tissues, including gill, brain, eye, heart, caudal fin, intestine and muscle of <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> transgenic fish under stressful conditions. The elevated green fluorescent signals were even found in the gill of <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> transgenic fish as early as 0.5 h after exposure to stress, and the strong green fluorescence can be continuously observed from 0.5 to 12 h after stress. There was a strong positive correlation between the GFP expression and the endogenous <i>Hspa8b</i> mRNA expression, which indicates that the <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> transgenic Nile tilapia can be used as an effective model to monitor stress in vivo. Furthermore, we evaluated anti-stress protective effects of anti-stress agents using <i>Tg(Hspa8b: GFP)</i> transgenic fish and identified the optimum anti-stress agent under different stressful conditions. We found that vitamin C and eugenol were the two preferred anti-stress agents to alleviate heat stress. MS-222 and tea polyphenols possesses the most significant anti-stress activity under cold stress. MS-222 and vitamin C were the two preferred anti-stress agents to alleviate vibration stress. This report would suggest new avenues for monitoring of fish stress responses in vivo and evaluating the anti-stress effects of related agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity study and inhibitory properties of Melaleuca cajuputi leaf extract against Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei","authors":"Joey Joe Yee Ng,&nbsp;Nor Asma Husna Yusoff,&nbsp;Ade Wahyul Fajri Alimin,&nbsp;Nurul Ashikin Elias,&nbsp;Nor Azri-Shah Norhan,&nbsp;Farizan Abdullah,&nbsp;Ahmad Najmi Ishak,&nbsp;Mochammad Sultan Syah Apendi,&nbsp;Heri Prasetyoning Tias,&nbsp;Marina Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01702-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01702-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emergence of diseases is one of the main obstacles to the shrimp industry when it comes to intensive aquaculture practices. <i>Ecytocnucleospora hepatopenaei</i> (EHP) is one of the shrimp microsporidia known to cause growth retardation and white discoloration associated with musculature, thereby decreasing shrimp production yield. Prolonged use of chemotherapeutic agents in bulk quantities may result in drug-resistant pathogenic microbes, toxic, and residual sedimentation in aquatic ecosystems. In this present study, <i>Melaleuca cajuputi</i> leaf extract (MCLE) was extracted, and an acute toxicity test was carried out to determine a 96-h median lethality concentration (LC₅₀). The behavior of shrimp was also observed after exposure to MCLE to determine their responses. The microsporidian-infected <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> was obtained from the shrimp farm in Terengganu, Malaysia, and the isolation and identification of EHP were performed using the Percoll-gradient method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Subsequently, the MCLE at 10, 20, and 30% of 96-h LC₅₀ were exposed to the isolated EHP to determine their antimicrosporidian potential and the morphological changes were viewed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the 96-h LC₅₀ of MCLE to <i>L. vannamei</i> was recorded to be 162.14 mg L⁻¹. Behavior responses were observed in <i>L. vannamei</i> after exposure to MCLE including agitation, swimming erratically, gasping at the water surface constantly, lethargy, and color changes in abdominal segments and carapace, and the severity was proportional with the MCLE concentrations. All MCLE concentrations cause inhibition to EHP, with 48.6 mg L⁻¹ causing severe impairment on the EHP cell membrane. The finding could be useful to find natural antimicrosporidian therapeutics as an alternative to combat EHP in shrimp farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}