Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Microbiological safety of aquaponic systems: pathogen risks, challenges, and food safety interventions for Africa","authors":"Oluwadamilola M. Makinde,&nbsp;Evelyn N. Fatokun,&nbsp;Joshua S. Ayedun,&nbsp;Kiaan F. Grobler,&nbsp;Olusola A. Akinboboye,&nbsp;Testimonies C. Adebayo-Olajide,&nbsp;Odion O. Ikhimiukor,&nbsp;Rasheed A. Adeleke","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02675-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02675-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquaponics, an integrated food production system combining aquaculture and hydroponics in a closed recirculating system, holds significant potential for addressing food insecurity in Africa, where foodborne diseases account for an estimated 91 million illnesses and 137,000 deaths annually. Despite the increasing adoption of aquaponics across Sub-Saharan Africa, there is no comprehensive microbiological safety review focused on the safety of aquaponic systems and products, particularly in areas characterised by weak regulatory frameworks and limited surveillance infrastructure This narrative review fills this gap by examining the microbiological safety challenges in aquaponic systems within Africa, focusing on pathogen sources, contamination pathways, detection methods, and preventive control strategies. Key microbial hazards identified include pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Salmonella</i> spp.,<i> Aeromonas hydrophila</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, toxigenic fungi, and enteric viruses. The spread of antimicrobial resistance genes within aquaponic microbial communities is identified as a critical emerging public health concern requiring integration into One Health surveillance frameworks. Barriers to aquaponics adoption in Africa are assessed across economic, technological, environmental, and regulatory dimensions. Targeted preventive controls, including water quality management, biosecurity, disinfection, and good agricultural practices, are discussed within resource-appropriate frameworks. Future directions including smart monitoring, AI-driven decision support, and probiotic biocontrol are examined. We conclude that evidence-based microbiological safety strategies based on regulatory realities are indispensable for the safe and sustainable expansion of aquaponics as a food security tool in Africa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-026-02675-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production performance of innovative copefloc-based Penaeus vannamei farming in comparison with biofloc and conventional systems","authors":"R. Aravind,&nbsp;C. P. Balasubramanian,&nbsp;J. A. J. Raymond,&nbsp;P. S. Shyne Anand,&nbsp;A. Panigrahi,&nbsp;Jose Antony,&nbsp;R. Vidhu Rajan,&nbsp;J. Syama Dayal,&nbsp;M. Jayanthi","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02679-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02679-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copefloc-based aquamimicry emerged as a promising ecological approach for sustainable shrimp farming by integrating natural copepod production with microbial nutrient recycling, thereby reducing reliance on formulated feeds while improving culture performance. However, comprehensive evaluations comparing copefloc with biofloc and conventional production systems across both the nursery and grow-out phases of <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> remain limited, particularly with respect to biological, environmental, nutritional, immunological, and economic performance. Therefore, this study comparatively evaluated these three culture systems through a 21-day nursery phase conducted in 12-m³ fiber-reinforced plastic tanks, followed by a 75-day grow-out phase in 500-m³ HDPE-lined ponds. Water quality, microbial load, growth performance, feed utilization, immune responses, muscle nutritional composition, and economic performance were assessed under standardized stocking densities and common husbandry practices, with treatment-specific microbial and plankton management protocols applied according to the respective culture systems. Water quality analysis showed significantly lower nitrite-N and total ammonia-N concentrations in the copefloc system at several nursery sampling points (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while lower observed ranges of these metabolites were recorded in the copefloc ponds during grow-out. Across the two culture phases, copefloc was associated with significantly greater growth-related performance and feed utilization metrics, whereas survival was significantly higher than the conventional system during nursery and higher than both biofloc and conventional systems during grow-out (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). During the grow-out phase, copefloc was also associated with significantly higher total hemocyte count and phenoloxidase activity and with significant differences in several essential amino acids and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Economic analysis of the nursery phase further demonstrated the highest benefit–cost ratio for the copefloc system (1.68), compared with the biofloc (1.60) and conventional (1.48) systems. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that copefloc system provided favorable environmental, biological, nutritional, and economic performance compared with biofloc and conventional farming, highlighting its potential as a promising strategy for improving the sustainability of <i>P. vannamei</i> aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EHDS-YOLO: a lightweight side-scan sonar object detection model for intelligent underwater inspection in marine ranching","authors":"Zejin Liu,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang,&nbsp;Yanqiang Yang,&nbsp;Bang Wen,&nbsp;Yida Sha,&nbsp;Yuanshan Lin","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02666-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02666-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate underwater target detection is essential for intelligent inspection, facility monitoring, and environmental perception in marine ranching. However, side-scan sonar images are often affected by weak target echoes, blurred boundaries, seabed reverberation, and speckle noise, which limit the performance of conventional detection models in complex aquaculture environments. To address these challenges, this study proposes EHDS-YOLO, a lightweight YOLO11-based detector for marine-ranching inspection. The proposed framework integrates sonar-oriented feature enhancement, lightweight feature fusion optimization, and a compression–recovery strategy combining pruning and knowledge distillation to improve detection efficiency while preserving accuracy. Furthermore, LAMP pruning and BCKD knowledge distillation are employed to compress the model and recover pruning-induced performance degradation. A side-scan sonar dataset, PPRN-SA, was constructed from field sea trials in the Yellow Sea and includes four typical marine ranching targets: aquaculture cages, pipelines, reefs, and bridge piers. Experimental results show that EHDS-YOLO achieves an mAP50 of 75.7% with 1.27 M parameters and 4.4 GFLOPs. On the Jetson Orin Nano Super, it reduces single-image processing latency from 34 to 20 ms and increases throughput from 29 to 50 FPS relative to YOLO11n. After independent retraining on SSS-Mine, EHDS-YOLO achieves an mAP50 of 82.7% and an mAP50:95 of 51.6%. These results support its use as a compact deployment-oriented detector, although fine-grained localization remains a limitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary Piper betle methanolic extract on survival and disease resistance of juvenile red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis sp. against Streptococcus agalactiae","authors":"Syahidah Ahmad,&nbsp;Nor Asma Husna Yusoff,&nbsp;Hassan Mohd Daud,&nbsp;Yaya Rukayadi,&nbsp;Mohd Salleh Kamarudin,&nbsp;Annie Christianus,&nbsp;Marina Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02678-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02678-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phycobiliprotein extract modulates oxidative stress and immunity in the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas","authors":"Aleksandra Andreyeva,&nbsp;Olga Gostyukhina,&nbsp;Tatyana Kukhareva,&nbsp;Anastasiya Tkachuk,&nbsp;Maria Podolskaya,&nbsp;Elina Chelebieva,&nbsp;Vitaliy Parfenov,&nbsp;Andrey Borovkov","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02661-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02661-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Pacific oyster <i>Magalla</i><i>na gigas</i> is a widely cultivated species in global aquaculture. However, hatchery maintenance and routine handling procedures frequently affect the functional state of oysters leading to oxidative stress, particularly during the spawning period. The inclusion of phycobiliprotein (PBP) extracts with antioxidant properties into the diet of cultivated mollusks may therefore represent a promising strategy to improve their health and enhance stress resilience. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of an aqueous PBP extract derived from <i>Limnospira platensis (Spirulina)</i> at concentrations of 2, 20, and 200 μg/mL over 24 and 48 h on antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT) in tissues, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in hemocytes, and hemolymph cellular composition of <i>M. gigas</i> cultured in the Black Sea. Treatment with the PBP extract reduced intracellular ROS levels in hemocytes by 24 h across all tested concentrations, but after 48 h, a significant reduction was observed only at 200 μg/mL. Exposure to 200 μg/mL of the extract significantly increased agranulocyte and hyalinocyte numbers in hemolymph of oysters. In gills, SOD activity rose significantly at 2 and 200 μg/mL after 24 h, while CAT activity increased at 20 μg/mL. In the hepatopancreas, SOD activity increased only at 200 μg/mL after 24 h, with no CAT changes. Gene expression analysis revealed unchanged CAT expression, reduced Cu-SOD expression at 2 μg/mL after 24 h, and decreased Mn-Zn-SOD expression at all concentrations within 24–48 h. This study provides a scientific foundation for developing safe, functional oyster additives that improve health and stress tolerance in marine aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternatives to antibiotics for bacterial disease control in tilapia aquaculture: a scoping review","authors":"Mahmoud Eltholth,&nbsp;Mutiat Adenike Adetona,&nbsp;Damilare O. Famakinde,&nbsp;Afisu Basiru,&nbsp;Rodiat Olabisi Omotoso,&nbsp;Abdulfatai Aremu,&nbsp;Musa Imam Abubakar,&nbsp;Samira Sarih,&nbsp;Dolors Furones,&nbsp;Elena Garcia-Fruitós,&nbsp;Anna Arís,&nbsp;Silvia Torrecillas,&nbsp;Enric Gisbert,&nbsp;Ismail Ayoade Odetokun","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02672-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02672-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid expansion in tilapia farming and potential increase in the use of antibiotics to tackle disease outbreaks or enhance productivity may amplify antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its adverse implications. Efforts to mitigate AMR risks in the sector through the development of alternative non-antibiotic options are ongoing, but the current research landscape is fragmentary. We synthesised recent evidence on the research status of non-antibiotic alternatives for bacterial disease control in tilapia and highlighted key limitations to their practical adoption. Relevant articles were retrieved systematically across four bibliographic databases and Google Scholar. The 192 eligible studies were conducted predominantly (95%) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A total of 21 bacterial pathogens and 288 non-antibiotic alternatives were evaluated. <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> and <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> were the most studied pathogens, while research focused extensively on phytogenic and probiotic alternatives. Overall, we found 318 pathogen/non-antibiotic combinations, and prophylactic approaches (82%) dominate the evidence base. Many of these alternatives demonstrated significant potential under controlled experimental conditions, but their translational efficacy remains uncertain. For the current research to benefit sustainable tilapia farming, there is a need to transition from bench-top experimentation to more translational research and encourage the inclusion of standard antibiotic comparators in experimental designs. In LMIC production systems, increased research investments, strategic partnerships, and domestic capacity building, among other initiatives, will facilitate innovation in cost-effective alternatives to antibiotics for sustainable tilapia production. While both prophylactic and therapeutic alternatives are needed, farmers should prioritise preventive alternatives to reduce the need for curative use of antibiotics.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-026-02672-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary plant oils vs. fish oil throughout a long-term feeding trial in rainbow trout: growth, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress, and histology","authors":"Murat Arslan,&nbsp;Seyda Tacer-Tanas,&nbsp;Ilkkagan Akgul,&nbsp;Fatih Korkmaz,&nbsp;Ahmet Topal,&nbsp;Saltuk Bugrahan Ceyhun","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02667-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02667-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 24-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of complete replacement of dietary fish oil with hazelnut oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, or a 1:1 linseed–soybean oil blend on growth performance, feed utilization, fatty acid metabolism, antioxidant status, and liver and intestinal tissue histology in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). The fingerlings exhibited a 40- to 46-fold increase in their initial body weight (5.2 ± 0.1 g), reaching the traditional Turkish market size of over 200 g. Dietary lipid sources had no significant effect on survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, or feed conversion ratio, which averaged 99.6%, 4269%, 2.2%/day, and 0.9, respectively. Similarly, the proximate compositions of the whole body, white muscle, and red muscle were unaffected by the dietary treatments. Conversely, tissue fatty acid profiles in the liver, white muscle, and red muscle significantly differed among treatments, closely reflecting the composition of their respective diets. Depending on the oil source, complete replacement of fish oil with plant oils reduced muscle levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). Furthermore, muscle concentrations of EPA and DHA showed a strong positive correlation with dietary linolenic acid (LNA; 18:3n-3). Consistent with this, plant oil diets significantly upregulated hepatic elongase and Δ6-desaturase mRNA expression, indicating enhanced endogenous fatty acid bioconversion. Consequently, total replacement of fish oil with an LNA-rich linseed oil diet resulted in a notable retention of EPA and DHA in the white muscle, reaching 2.1% and 10.4%, respectively, compared with 3.8% and 17.2% in fish fed the fish oil-based diet. Dietary plant oils improved hepatic oxidative status, as indicated by a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, dietary plant oils tended to decrease hepatic and intestinal lipid vacuolization. Overall, these findings demonstrate that plant oils can completely replace fish oil in rainbow trout diets during long-term feeding without compromising growth performance, feed utilization, digestibility, or proximate composition. The concurrent reduction in hepatic lipid peroxidation further suggests a potential benefit for oxidative status. Although dietary plant oils reduced muscle EPA and DHA concentrations, LNA-rich linseed oil enhanced hepatic fatty acid bioconversion, promoting the retention of these critical n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in muscle. This suggests that LNA-rich plant oils can sustainably replace dietary fish oil in rainbow trout production while maintaining nutritionally relevant levels of muscle EPA and DHA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection on lipid and immune pathways in Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Xuan Zhang,&nbsp;Boyao Chen,&nbsp;Changkao Mu,&nbsp;Suming Zhou,&nbsp;Dong Qian,&nbsp;Ping Zhuang,&nbsp;Jiong Chen,&nbsp;Rongrong Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02660-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02660-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by <i>Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei</i> (EHP) is a devastating disease in shrimp aquaculture, characterized by severe growth retardation. To characterize hepatopancreatic molecular responses associated with EHP challenge, we performed an integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> following oral challenge. EHP infection was confirmed by PCR. Transcriptomic profiling identified 5490 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with notable suppression of ribosomal pathway genes, suggesting a potential constraint on host biosynthetic capacity. Conversely, genes involved in lipid metabolism (e.g., <i>PNLIP</i>, <i>GPAT3</i>, <i>ACOX1</i>) were significantly upregulated. Immune signaling-related genes showed mixed regulation, including upregulation of <i>JAK2</i> and <i>PLCG1</i> and downregulation of <i>PIK3CA</i> and <i>PLCB</i>. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant lipid alterations (42.5% of differential metabolites). Phosphatidylserine (PS) was significantly upregulated, while linoleic acid, CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate (PGP), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) species, 9,10-DiHOME, and 4 diacylglycerol (DG) were significantly downregulated. Integrated multi-omics analysis highlighted the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis pathway as a prominent co-enriched pathway. The discordance between downregulated upstream genes (<i>PIG-A</i>, <i>PIG-L</i>) and altered downstream phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) abundance indicates remodeling of host membrane-related metabolism, although direct parasite-driven resource appropriation remains to be demonstrated. These findings reveal coordinated alterations in ribosome-related transcription, lipid metabolism, and immune-associated pathways in the EHP-challenged group at 14 days post-challenge, providing candidate mechanisms for further functional validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mud crab (Genus Scylla) aquaculture: integrating biological knowledge and technological advances toward sustainability","authors":"Murak,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad,&nbsp;Hanafiah Fazhan,&nbsp;Kuo-Wei Lan,&nbsp;Khor Waiho,&nbsp;Hongyu Ma,&nbsp;Mhd Ikhwanuddin","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02670-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02670-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mud crabs (genus <i>Scylla</i>) are among the most valuable crustaceans cultured in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Southeast Asia, where they contribute substantially to aquaculture production, coastal livelihoods, and food security. Recent advances in breeding, hatchery technologies, genetics, nutrition, health management, and farming systems have accelerated the transition from capture-based production towards more sustainable aquaculture practices. This review provides an integrated assessment of recent biological innovations and emerging technologies in mud crab aquaculture and evaluates their contributions to sustainable production. Evidence indicates that improvements in broodstock management, larval rearing, genetic characterization, formulated feeds, and farming systems, including Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS), Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA), and soft-shell production, have enhanced production efficiency, improved seed quality, and reduced environmental impacts. Despite these advances, large-scale hatchery production, selective breeding, disease management, feed sustainability, and commercial adoption remain important challenges. This review identifies these knowledge gaps and outlines future research priorities, including advanced genomic technologies, precision aquaculture, artificial intelligence, and climate-resilient farming strategies, to support the sustainable development of the global mud crab industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart aquaponics: trends, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Hamad Al-Mohannadi,&nbsp;Xiaofan Cao,&nbsp;Mahamood Alam,&nbsp;Cagatay Catal","doi":"10.1007/s10499-026-02669-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-026-02669-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Smart aquaponics couples recirculating aquaculture with hydroponic plant cultivation, and a substantial body of recent research applies IoT sensing, machine learning, and edge computing to this domain. The literature, however, lacks a synthesis that maps how predictive models, system architectures, and biological context combine in deployed systems, leaving researchers and practitioners without a clear technical roadmap. This systematic literature review (SLR) addresses this gap through 10 research questions following the Kitchenham and Charters protocol and PRISMA-style screening. The search initially identified 3,123 records from six bibliographic databases and snowballing; after duplicate removal, screening, and quality assessment, 49 primary studies were retained for analysis. First, the literature has a prediction-to-control gap: 24% of the studies report forecasters or classifiers without specifying how the resulting prediction is consumed by an actuator, leaving inference layers technically ahead of control layers. Second, system architectures are transitioning from centralised cloud designs toward federated and edge configurations to address privacy, latency, bandwidth, and sensor-drift issues. Third, hybrid models incorporating physical, or domain knowledge show promising performance under non-stationary aquaponics conditions. Fourth, long-term and multi-site field deployments remain very limited, making it difficult to interpret reported machine-learning accuracy as evidence of commercial readiness. Overall, future progress requires stronger integration of prediction, control, calibration, biological benchmarking, and operator usability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-026-02669-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}