Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Comparative health assessment of Catla catla (Ham., 1822) reared in semi-intensive, extensive and sewage-fed culture systems using condition indices, hematology, serum and epidermal mucus biochemicals","authors":"Sapana Devi Khumujam,&nbsp;Sujata Sahoo,&nbsp;Tincy Varghese,&nbsp;Kajal Kumari,&nbsp;Bhashwati Roy,&nbsp;Kedar Nath Mohanta","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02248-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02248-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigated the health and welfare of <i>Catla catla</i> cultured in extensive, semi-intensive, and sewage-fed systems in West Bengal. Key parameters included Fulton’s condition factor, haematological and biochemical markers in serum and mucus, and water quality, to assess the effects of rearing systems on fish health. Skin mucus analysis was incorporated as a non-invasive tool to assess stress and immune responses. The results revealed significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher condition factors in semi-intensive and extensive systems compared to the sewage-fed system, indicating better overall fish health. Hematological analysis showed elevated white blood cell (WBC) levels (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the sewage-fed system, whereas hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) were significantly reduced (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) levels were highest in the semi-intensive system, with no significant difference observed between extensive and sewage-fed systems. Protein profiles in serum and mucus were significantly higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the semi-intensive system, while lower in sewage and extensive systems, with no significant difference observed between the two. Glucose and cortisol were significantly elevated (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the sewage-fed system in both serum and mucus. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities showed no significant differences across systems, although mucus SOD activity was significantly higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in extensive and sewage-fed systems; mucus CAT activities remained unchanged. Lysozyme and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were significantly higher (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.05) in both serum and mucus in fish from the sewage-fed system, likely indicating chronic immune stimulation. Overall, the semi-intensive system demonstrated better fish health. Furthermore, positive correlations between serum and mucus parameters (albumin, glucose, cortisol, lysozyme, IgM) support the use of skin mucus as a non-invasive alternative for assessing fish welfare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of grape pomace on growth, digestibility, antioxidant capacity and fatty acid profile of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) given diets free of fish-products","authors":"Emyr Saul Peña-Marín,&nbsp;María Teresa Viana,&nbsp;Claudia I. Maytorena-Verdugo,&nbsp;Oscar Basílio Del Rio-Zaragoza,&nbsp;Aurora Tinajero,&nbsp;Eulalio Arámbul-Muñoz,&nbsp;Jazmin del Carmen Ruíz-Pérez","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02229-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02229-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global aquaculture sector is increasingly adopting sustainable aquafeeds that incorporate alternative nutritional resources, such as agricultural byproducts like grape pomace, a common byproduct from wineries that is seldom utilized in animal feed. This study aims to evaluate the effect of grape pomace (GP) on growth performance, nutritional profile, apparent digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and fatty acid composition in white shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) in diets free of fishmeal and fish oil. Four iso-proteinic and iso-lipidic diets (43% protein and 8% lipid) were supplemented with grape pomace at 0%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5%, replacing cornstarch. In a recirculation system composed of twelve tanks with a 500 L capacity, nineteen juvenile shrimp (1.20 ± 0.02 g) were distributed per tank, and fed the experimental diets for 63 days in triplicate. The 2.5% GP increases growth and specific growth rate (SGR) without negatively impacting survival. The inclusion of GP modifies the lipid and protein content on muscle, while improving the protein, and lipid apparent digestibility. Additionally, the inclusion of GP raised the level of polyphenols in the muscle, with effects on non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Our findings suggest that the optimal inclusion level for growth was identified at 2.68%, using a broken line method, which provides an additional 209.4 mg Kg⁻¹ of polyphenols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Halamphora coffeaeformis supplementation in rice bran biofloc on the growth and survival of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) postlarvae","authors":"Mohd Ihsanuddin Ahmad,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin,&nbsp;Hazwani Hanim Hasnan,&nbsp;Ninie Diana Baharuddin,&nbsp;Kamil Latif,&nbsp;Clement R. de Cruz,&nbsp;Murni Karim,&nbsp;Hui Teng Tan,&nbsp;Yam Sim Khaw,&nbsp;Jeffrey K. C. Lee,&nbsp;Ikhsan Natrah","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02245-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02245-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The shrimp aquaculture industry is hindered by disease outbreaks and low survival rates, primarily exacerbated by nutritional deficiencies and environmental stressors. This study examined the effects of <i>Halamphora coffeaeformis</i>-supplemented rice bran biofloc on the growth, nutritional composition, and disease resistance of black tiger shrimp (<i>Penaeus monodon</i>) postlarvae (PL). The <i>H. coffeaeformis</i> was added into biofloc at 1 × 10⁴ cells mL⁻¹ (BFR4) And 1× 10⁵ cells mL⁻¹ (BFR5) for eight weeks and compared with a biofloc-only system as control. Shrimp in BFR5 exhibited improved overall growth (<i>p</i> = 0.03) with higher final weight (347.54 ± 74.72 mg) and daily weight gain (5.42 ± 1.19 mg day⁻1) compared to other treatments. The shrimp also had the highest lipid content (2.45 ± 0.15% dry weight; <i>p</i> = 0.03) and enriched fatty acid profile, with elevated eicosapentaenoic acid (3.46 ± 1.25% of total fatty acids) and docosahexaenoic acid (0.65 ± 0.37% of total fatty acids) compared to other treatments. After exposure to <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, shrimp in BFR4 and BFR5 exhibited significantly higher survival rates (40.74 ± 6.05% And 39.26 ± 2.20%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.04) compared to the control (24.93 ± 4.95%) with histological analysis revealing reduced vacuolation and hepatopancreatic necrosis. These findings highlight the potential of <i>H. coffeaeformis</i>-enriched biofloc to improve shrimp growth, nutritional quality, and disease resistance, thereby supporting sustainable aquaculture practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02245-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative characterization of CRTISO from D. salina and D. bardawil","authors":"Jia-Yuan Luo,&nbsp;Qian-Xi Zheng,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Xie,&nbsp;Jv-Liang Dai,&nbsp;Ibrahim Muazzam Mukhtar,&nbsp;Ming-Hua Liang,&nbsp;Hao-Hong Chen,&nbsp;Jian-Guo Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02219-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02219-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Dunaliella</i>, known for its high salt tolerance and photosynthetic efficiency, plays a significant role in industrial and food production. This study presents a comparative analysis of the lycopene biosynthesis pathway in <i>Dunaliella salina</i> and <i>Dunaliella bardawil</i>. Genetic material from both species was extracted and expressed in a bacterial system, followed by HPLC, molecular docking, and phylogenetic analysis. The all-<i>trans</i>-lycopene content in the DsCRT strain was 1.26 ± 0.03 mg/g DCW, higher than that of the DbCRT strain. Molecular docking analysis showed that the binding affinity between DsCRTISO and the substrate was -11.18 kcal/mol, which was lower than the binding affinity of DbCRTISO (-10.08 kcal/mol), revealing that the catalytic activity of DsCRTISO was greater than that of DbCRTISO. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed a close relationship between <i>D. salina</i> and <i>D</i>. <i>bardawil</i>. HPLC showed that <i>D. bardawil</i> accumulate minimal β-carotene, likely due to the failure of specific gene regulatory mechanisms, despite sharing conserved CRTISO domains with <i>D. salina</i>. This study demonstrates that lycopene metabolism enzyme activity in <i>D. salina</i> is significantly higher than in <i>D. bardawil</i>, offering potential for industrial lycopene production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome wide association study of shell growth, condition index, shell and mantle colour in the Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata","authors":"Sang Van Vu,&nbsp;Wayne O’Connor,&nbsp;In Van Vu,&nbsp;Cedric Gondro,&nbsp;Thu Thi Anh Nguyen,&nbsp;Shantanu Kundu,&nbsp;Kim Hyun Woo,&nbsp;Soo Rin Lee,&nbsp;Tran Dang Khanh,&nbsp;Tiep Khac Nguyen,&nbsp;Hien Van Doan,&nbsp;Hsu Htoo,&nbsp;Almas A. Gheyas","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02210-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02210-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Portuguese oyster (<i>Crassostrea angulata</i>) is a commercially significant aquaculture species, gaining rapid popularity, particularly in Asia. Growth-related traits, along with shell and mantle colouration, are key determinants of market value in farmed oysters. To support trait improvement in breeding programs, this study investigates the genetic architecture of economically important traits, including shell length, shell height, shell width, condition index, and shell and mantle colour using genome-wide association study (GWAS). Using DArTseq technology, 647 oyster samples from two generations of a breeding program in Vietnam were genotyped: 188 samples from 57 full-sib families in the first generation and 459 samples from 33 full-sib families in the second. GWAS identified 31 significant SNPs associated with various traits, 24 of which mapped to protein-coding genes. Notable candidate genes associated with growth traits included <i>CE128-like</i> (<i>LOC128177318</i>) and <i>WIPI3-like</i> (<i>LOC128167327</i>), implicated in protein localization and autophagy, respectively. For colour-related traits, key candidate genes included <i>glucose dehydrogenase</i> (<i>LOC128184820</i>), <i>Neurobeachin-like</i> (<i>LOC128156661</i>), and <i>POP1-like</i> (<i>LOC128164428</i>), which are linked to catalytic activities, membrane trafficking, and RNA processing, suggesting roles in pigmentation and biomineralization. Additionally, <i>Neo-calmodulin-like</i> (<i>LOC128183296</i>), a gene involved in calcium binding, was identified as a candidate for shell colour, consistent with findings in other oyster species. The small effect sizes of the significant SNPs across all traits suggest polygenic control, underscoring the potential of genomic selection for trait improvement. This study provides foundational insights to inform selective breeding programs aimed at enhancing growth and aesthetic traits in <i>C. angulata</i>, contributing to the sustainability and profitability of oyster aquaculture.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02210-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, morphological, and molecular redescription with ecological correlation of Livoneca redmanii (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) infection in Egyptian sole, Solea aegyptiaca","authors":"Adel A. Abdelmageed,&nbsp;Hosam Elsaied,&nbsp;Usama Khalifa,&nbsp;Khaled M. Abdelsalam,&nbsp;Safaa El-Gelany,&nbsp;Mohamed Bessat,&nbsp;Amr Fadel","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02224-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02224-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Isopod taxonomy and ecological correlation are the primary challenges constraining control strategies for fish. 600 Egyptian sole (<i>Solea aegyptiaca</i>) and water samples were collected regularly across the three sectors of Qarun Lake in 2024. An in-depth morphological description of the collected free-swimming and attached isopods identified <i>Livoneca redmanii</i> Leach, 1818. Identification was confirmed by the close evolutionary relationship of <i>L</i>. <i>redmanii</i> isolates among the three sectors, as evidenced by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of <i>COI</i> and 16S rRNA genes. Sequence data from both genes were deposited in GenBank, each with a unique assigned accession number. The utility of <i>COI</i> as a robust barcode for Cymothoidae, in contrast to the more conserved 16S rRNA, was further supported, aligning with best practices for species-level resolution. Isopod-infested fish exhibited respiratory distress, skin erosion, hemorrhagic patches, branchial damage, morbidity, and mortality. The highest prevalence rate of isopod was recorded in the west sector (82.5%), with the summer showing the highest prevalence across all three sectors. The west sector also exhibited the highest mean infestation intensity of 3.6 isopods per fish, compared to 1.8 and 2.6 isopods per fish in the middle and east sectors, respectively. A higher fish condition factor of 1.01 was reported in the middle sector, while lower values of 0.85 and 0.61 were observed in the east and west sectors, respectively. Physicochemical water analysis revealed elevated pH, total ammonia, salinity, turbidity, and lower dissolved oxygen, particularly in the west sector during the summer. The current study provided a detailed morpho-molecular description of <i>L</i>. <i>redmanii</i> in the Egyptian sole, along with spatial and temporal prevalence correlated to ecological factors. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing efficient control protocols that target these destructive invasive isopods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-025-02224-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent damage detection for deep-sea aquaculture cages using multi-sensor data fusion","authors":"Lei Li,&nbsp;Guanghao He","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02226-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02226-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Netting damage in deep-sea aquaculture cages poses significant risks to operational safety and economic sustainability. Traditional manual inspection methods are inefficient, underscoring the necessity for real-time damage monitoring. This study proposes a damage detection method based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and the Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence theory. Hydrodynamic simulations under varying wave and current conditions were conducted to construct a comprehensive dataset. Features were extracted from this dataset using continuous wavelet transform and subsequently used to train the CNN model. The output damage recognition probabilities from individual sensors were treated as basic probability assignments (BPAs). A two-level fusion strategy based on the D–S theory was developed: the first level fuses data from tension and acceleration sensors across 12 monitoring locations, and the second level aggregates these results regionally. The proposed CNN–DS model achieves a high detection accuracy of 99.07%, enabling accurate damage localization and enhancing repair efficiency. Compared to single-sensor approaches, such as the tension-based and the acceleration-based model, the proposed multi-sensor fusion model improves accuracy by 7.6% and 6.1%, respectively. This method shows promise for broader applications in monitoring other marine flexible structures and equipment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and liver transcriptome in Mauremys mutica","authors":"Zike Yan,&nbsp;Jingu Shi,&nbsp;Kaijie Lin,&nbsp;Yuhan Li,&nbsp;Yutian Zhan,&nbsp;Mingzuo Gao,&nbsp;Hongyao Zhang,&nbsp;Shuyu Han,&nbsp;Jingzhen Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02240-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02240-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The yellow pond turtle (<i>Mauremys mutica</i>), an important freshwater species in Chinese aquaculture, faces increasing threats from bacterial diseases such as <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, necessitating safe immunostimulatory strategies. <i>Angelica sinensis</i> polysaccharides (ASP), with immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory properties, are a promising feed additive. This study evaluated dietary ASP effects on growth, antioxidant capacity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and liver transcriptome in <i>M. mutica</i>. A total of 540 turtles (150.42 ± 5.61 g) were randomly assigned to a control group (fed with basal diet, denoted as A0) and five experimental groups supplemented with 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.40%, and 0.80% ASP (A5, A10, A20, A40, and A80) for 65 days. ASP significantly reduced hepatosomatic index (HSI) (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<i>P</i> = 0.049), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>P</i> = 0.003), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) (<i>P</i> = 0.026); lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) (<i>P</i> = 0.002); decreased serum total cholesterol (TC) (<i>P</i> = 0.009) and triglycerides (TG) (<i>P</i> = 0.006); and elevated serum immune Markers, including complement component 4 (C4) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), acid phosphatase (ACP) (<i>P</i> = 0.011), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and lysozyme (LZM) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Regression analysis indicated an optimal supplementation of 0.17–0.28%. Following <i>K. pneumoniae</i> challenge, A20 showed the highest survival rate (73.33%) and relative percent survival (50.00%) (<i>P</i> = 0.002). ASP also increased beneficial intestinal taxa (<i>Lachnospira</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae_unclassified</i>, <i>Anaerovibrio</i>) and activated immune-related liver pathways, including hematopoietic cell lineage, pattern recognition receptors, and cell adhesion molecules, with key genes such as <i>HLA-DRA</i>, <i>CSMD1</i>, and <i>CLEC2D</i>. These findings highlight ASP as a functional feed additive for improving immunity and health in <i>M. mutica</i> aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) performance and water quality in low-salinity BioRAS: role of hydraulic retention time and dietary minerals","authors":"Dung Quang Le,&nbsp;Ha Thi Binh,&nbsp;Dao Thi Anh Tuyet,&nbsp;Nguyen Xuan Thanh,&nbsp;Pham Thi Thao Nhi,&nbsp;Doan Ngoc Bao,&nbsp;Le Van Nam,&nbsp;Le Minh Tuan,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Nguyet,&nbsp;Do Manh Hao","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02242-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02242-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biofloc-based recirculating aquaculture systems (BioRAS) are increasingly adopted for low-salinity shrimp farming to minimize water exchange and environmental impacts. This study evaluated the effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT; 5 h vs. 20 h) and dietary supplementation of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) on biofloc dynamics, water quality, and growth performance of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. Prolonged HRT (20 h) supported sustained biofloc accumulation (3.90 ± 0.20 mL L⁻¹ at day 85), whereas short HRT (5 h) showed early peaks followed by decline. Ammonia and nitrite concentrations remained within safe limits across treatments, with no direct effect of HRT on shrimp growth. In contrast, mineral supplementation significantly enhanced performance, with Treatment 2 yielding the highest final weight (12.43 ± 0.31 g) and survival (72.3 ± 2.5%) compared with the control (11.30 ± 0.62 g; 60.7 ± 4.0%). Although biofloc volumes did not differ among mineral treatments, higher microbial and Vibrio counts were recorded in Treatment 2 without negative health effects, suggesting enhanced microbial balance. These findings suggest that combining prolonged HRT with targeted mineral supplementation improves BioRAS efficiency, supporting sustainable shrimp aquaculture with reduced environmental impact.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the addition of the copepod Apocyclops panamensis on the super-intensive grow-out of Penaeus vannamei with biofloc system","authors":"Dariano Krummenauer,&nbsp;Bianca de Oliveira Ramiro,&nbsp;Flávia Banderó Hoffling,&nbsp;Caio Miyai,&nbsp;Stephen Urick,&nbsp;José Maria Monserrat,&nbsp;Wilson Wasielesky Jr.,&nbsp;Michael H. Schwarz,&nbsp;Otávio Augusto Lacerda Ferreira Pimentel","doi":"10.1007/s10499-025-02202-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-025-02202-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the addition of the copepod <i>Apocyclops panamensis</i> on the super-intensive culture of <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> with a biofloc system, including evaluation of the nitrification process, shrimp growth, and color pattern of the shrimp produced. A grow-out trial was conducted over 70 days assessing the following treatments: CW + Copepod (clear water inoculated with copepods), BFT + Copepod (biofloc system inoculated with copepods), and BFT (biofloc system without copepods). <i>P. vannamei</i> post larvae (0.056 ± 0.00 g) was stocked at a density of 500 shrimp m⁻³. The CW + copepod and BFT + copepod treatments received copepod addition weekly at a density of 5 organisms mL⁻¹. The nitrogenous compound patterns were monitored every 3 days. At the end of the experiment, shrimp performance and the color aspects of the thawed and cooked shrimp were evaluated. Total ammonia nitrogen and nitrate were higher in the BFT + Copepod and BFT than in the CW + Copepod. Nitrite was higher in the BFT than in the others. The shrimp final weight did not differ significantly among the treatments. Survival was higher in the CW + Copepod. Thawed shrimps were less yellowish in the biofloc treatments than in the clear water treatments. Cooked shrimps were more reddish in the BFT + Copepod. Our findings indicated that the addition of the copepod <i>A. panamensis</i> in a super-intensive grow-out of <i>P. vannamei</i> can be considered an alternative to improve the culture, since it does not limit shrimp growth, improves the control of nitrite, and the color aspects of thawed and cooked shrimp.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}