Anaerobe最新文献

{"title":"Microscopy methods for Clostridioides difficile","authors":"Chenlin Hu,&nbsp;Kevin W. Garey","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microscopic technologies including light and fluorescent, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cryo-electron microscopy have been widely utilized to visualize C<em>lostridioides difficile</em> at the molecular, cellular, community, and structural biology level. This comprehensive review summarizes the microscopy tools (fluorescent and reporter system) in their use to study different aspects of <em>C. difficile</em> life cycle and virulence (sporulation, germination) or applications (detection of <em>C. difficile</em> or use of antimicrobials). With these developing techniques, microscopy tools will be able to find broader applications and address more challenging questions to study <em>C. difficile</em> and <em>C. difficile</em> infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of Clostridioides difficile infections in South-East Asia and the Western Pacific: A narrative review","authors":"Frederick J. Angulo ,&nbsp;Canna Ghia ,&nbsp;Mark A. Fletcher ,&nbsp;Egemen Ozbilgili ,&nbsp;Graciela del Carmen Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Clostridioides difficile</em> (formerly <em>Clostridium difficile</em>) is well-documented in Europe and North America to be a common cause of healthcare-associated gastrointestinal tract infections. In contrast, <em>C difficile</em> infection (CDI) is infrequently reported in literature from Asia, which may reflect a lack of clinician awareness. We conducted a narrative review to better understand CDI burden in Asia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched the PubMed database for English language articles related to <em>C difficile</em>, Asia, epidemiology, and molecular characteristics (eg, ribotype, antimicrobial resistance).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifty-eight articles that met eligibility criteria were included. <em>C difficile</em> prevalence ranged from 7.1% to 45.1 % of hospitalized patients with diarrhea, and toxigenic strains among all <em>C difficile</em> in these patients ranged from 68.2% to 91.9 % in China and from 39.0% to 60.0 % outside of China. Widespread <em>C difficile</em> ribotypes were RT017, RT014/020, RT012, and RT002. Recurrence in patients with CDI ranged from 3.0% to 17.2 %. Patients with CDI typically had prior antimicrobial use recently. High rates of resistance to ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and erythromycin were frequently reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The regional CDI burden in Asia is still incompletely documented, seemingly due to low awareness and limited laboratory testing. Despite this apparent under recognition, the current CDI burden highlights the need for broader surveillance and for application of preventative measures against CDI in Asia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075996424000040/pdfft?md5=a67eadf5d2987e8de0055e0091988e1d&pid=1-s2.0-S1075996424000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139711356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteroides and related species: The keystone taxa of the human gut microbiota","authors":"Jae Hyun Shin ,&nbsp;Glenn Tillotson ,&nbsp;Tiffany N. MacKenzie ,&nbsp;Cirle A. Warren ,&nbsp;Hannah M. Wexler ,&nbsp;Ellie J.C. Goldstein","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Microbial communities play a significant role in maintaining ecosystems in a healthy homeostasis<span>. Presently, in the human gastrointestinal tract, there are certain taxonomic groups of importance, though there is no single species that plays a keystone role. </span></span><span><em>Bacteroides</em></span> spp. are known to be major players in the maintenance of eubiosis in the human gastrointestinal tract. Here we review the critical role that <em>Bacteroides</em> play in the human gut, their potential pathogenic role outside of the gut, and their various methods of adapting to the environment, with a focus on data for <em>B. fragilis</em> and <em>B. thetaiotaomicron</em>. <em>Bacteroides</em><span> are anaerobic non-sporing gram-negative organisms that are also resistant to bile acids, generally thriving in the gut and having a beneficial relationship with the host. While they are generally commensal organisms, some </span><em>Bacteroides</em><span><span> spp. can be opportunistic pathogens<span> in scenarios of GI disease, trauma, cancer, or </span></span>GI surgery, and cause infection, most commonly intra-abdominal infection. </span><em>B</em>. <em>fragilis</em><span><span> can develop antimicrobial resistance<span><span> through multiple mechanisms in large part due to its plasticity and fluid genome. Bacteroidota (formerly, Bacteroidetes) have a very broad metabolic potential in the GI microbiota and can rapidly adapt their </span>carbohydrate metabolism to the available nutrients. Gastrointestinal Bacteroidota species produce short-chain fatty acids such as </span></span>succinate<span><span><span>, acetate, butyrate, and occasionally </span>propionate, as the major end-products, which have wide-ranging and many beneficial influences on the host. Bacteroidota, via </span>bile acid metabolism, also play a role in in colonization-resistance of other organisms, including </span></span><span><em>Clostridioides difficile</em></span>, and maintenance of gut integrity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139409639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphasic molecular approach to the characterization of methanogens in the saliva of Tunisian adults","authors":"Fériel Bouzid ,&nbsp;Imen Gtif ,&nbsp;Salma Charfeddine ,&nbsp;Leila Abid ,&nbsp;Najla Kharrat","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Methanogenic archaea are a minor component of human oral microbiota. Due to their relatively low abundance, the detection of these neglected microorganisms is challenging.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study concerns the presence of methanogens in salivary samples collected from Tunisian adults to evaluate their prevalence and burden using a polyphasic molecular approach.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 43 saliva samples were included. Metagenomic and standard 16S rRNA sequencing were performed as an initial screening to detect the presence of methanogens in the oral microbiota of Tunisian adults. Further investigations were performed using specific quantitative real-time PCR targeting <em>Methanobrevibacter oralis</em> and <em>Methanobrevibacter smithii.</em></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>Methanobrevibacter</em> was detected in 5/43 (11.62 %) saliva samples after metagenomic 16S rRNA data analysis. The presence of <em>M. oralis</em> was confirmed in 6/43 samples by standard 16S rRNA sequencing. Using real-time PCR, methanogens were detected in 35/43 (81.39 %) samples, including 62.79 % positive for <em>M. oralis</em> and 76.74 % positive for <em>M. smithii</em>. These findings reflect the high prevalence of both methanogens, revealed by the high sensitivity of the real-time PCR approach. Interestingly, we also noted a significant statistical association between the detection of <em>M. smithii</em> and poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet, indicating the impact of diet on <em>M. smithii</em> prevalence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study showed the presence of methanogens in the oral microbiota of Tunisian adults with an unprecedented relatively high prevalence. Choice of methodology is also central to picturing the real prevalence and diversity of such minor taxa in the oral microbiota.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139658685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Ruminococcus gnavus bacteremia and intra-abdominal infection","authors":"Naoki Watanabe ,&nbsp;Tomohisa Watari ,&nbsp;Yoshihito Otsuka ,&nbsp;Naoto Hosokawa ,&nbsp;Kazufumi Yamagata ,&nbsp;Miyuki Fujioka","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><em>Ruminococcus</em><em> gnavus</em></span><span> is a rare human pathogen, and clinical data on </span><em>R. gnavus</em> infection are insufficient. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of <em>R. gnavus</em> infections.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>This study included 13 cases of bacteremia and three cases of non-bacteremia infections caused by </span><em>R. gnavus</em><span>. We evaluated the patient data, infection source, clinical outcomes, and antimicrobial susceptibility of </span><em>R. gnavus</em> isolates for these cases.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>The median age of patients was 75 years (range 47–95), and eight patients were female. Twelve cases were presumed to have an intra-abdominal infection source, and the remaining four cases had an unknown infection source. The most common underlying conditions were immunosuppression (seven cases), </span>solid tumors<span><span> (seven cases), and history of gastrointestinal surgery<span> (five cases). Thirteen patients exhibited gastrointestinal problems<span> (dysfunction, bleeding, intra-abdominal infection, or inflammation). Multiple pathogens<span> were observed in six cases, and fatal outcomes were recorded in three cases. Antimicrobial susceptibility data were available for eight isolates, all of which exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentrations to penicillin (≤0.03 μg/mL), ampicillin–sulbactam (≤0.5 μg/mL), piperacillin–tazobactam (≤4 μg/mL), and </span></span></span></span>metronidazole (≤0.5–1 μg/mL).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>Ruminococcus gnavus</em><span> is frequently associated with an intra-abdominal infection source, and treatment strategies should consider the possibility of multiple pathogens.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139414985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and purification of Clostridium perfringens type C beta-toxin and IgG and IgY antitoxins","authors":"Guilherme Guerra Alves ,&nbsp;Ronnie Antunes Assis ,&nbsp;Victor Santos do Amarante ,&nbsp;Carlos Augusto de Oliveira Júnior ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva ,&nbsp;Luiz Guilherme Dias Heneine ,&nbsp;Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to produce and purify <span><em>Clostridium perfringens</em></span><span><span> type C beta-toxin, sheep anti-beta toxin immunoglobulin G (IgG) and chicken </span>immunoglobulin Y (IgY).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Two methods were used for beta-toxin purification: single-step metal affinity chromatography (MAC) using zinc as a </span>chelator<span> and ion exchange chromatography (IEX). The purified and inactivated beta-toxoids were then administered to sheep and chickens in order to produce IgG and IgY.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All assays using the IEX failed. In contrast, MAC purified more than 21 mg of toxin per run in a single-step protocol. The purified and inactivated beta-toxoids were then administered to sheep and chickens, and IgG and IgY were purified with a high yield, medium antibody titer of 50 IU/mL, and high avidity (73.2 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><em>C. perfringens</em><span> type C beta-toxin and sheep or chicken anti-beta toxin IgG and IgY antibodies were successfully produced and purified using a simple protocol. This protocol can be used for the production of components used in the diagnosis and research of necrotic enteritis caused by </span><em>C. perfringens</em> type C, as well as for the evaluation of existing vaccines and the development of new preventive methods against this disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139063390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing biogas generation from lignocellulosic biomass through biological pretreatment: Exploring the role of ruminant microbes and anaerobic fungi","authors":"R. Tamilselvan,&nbsp;A. Immanuel Selwynraj","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Biogas<span> production from Lignocellulosic Biomass (LB) via anaerobic digestion (AD) has gained attention for its potential in self-sustainability. However, the recalcitrance of LB cell walls pose a challenge to its degradability and biogas generation. Therefore, pretreatment of LB is necessary to enhance lignin removal and increase degradability. Among the different approaches, environmentally friendly biological pretreatment ispromising as it avoids the production of inhibitors.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span><span>The ruminal microbial community, including anaerobic fungi, bacteria, and </span>protozoa, has shown an ability to effectively degrade LB through biomechanical and microbial penetration of refractory cell structures. In this review, we provide an overview of ruminant microbes dominating LB's AD, their degradation mechanism, and the </span>bioaugmentation of the </span>rumen. We also explore the potential cultivation of anaerobic fungi from the rumen, their enzyme potential, and their role in AD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The rumen ecosystem, comprising both bacteria and fungi, plays a crucial role in enhancing AD. This comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of ruminant microorganisms' adhesion to plant cells, elucidates degradation mechanisms, and explores integrated pretreatment approaches for the effective utilization of LB, minimizing the impact of inhibitors. The discussion underscores the considerable potential of ruminant microbes in pretreating LB, paving the way for sustainable biogas production.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span>Optimizing fungal colonization and ligninolytic enzyme production, such as </span>manganese peroxidase<span><span> and laccase, significantly enhances the efficiency of fungal pretreatment. Integrating anaerobic fungi through bioaugmentation during mainstream processing demonstrably increases methane production. This study opens promising avenues for further research and development of these microorganisms for </span>bioenergy production.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139018037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro activity of delafloxacin against anaerobic bacteria compared with other antimicrobials","authors":"Fernando Cobo,&nbsp;Ana Franco-Acosta,&nbsp;Lina Martín-Hita,&nbsp;Javier Rodríguez-Granger,&nbsp;Antonio Sampedro-Martínez,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Reguera-Márquez,&nbsp;José María Navarro-Marí","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to describe the <em>in vitro</em><span><span> activity of delafloxacin against 230 anaerobic isolates and compare it with the activity of other antimicrobials used against infections caused by </span>anaerobic microorganisms<span>. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were lower for delafloxacin than for all other antibiotics tested with the exception of piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem against Gram-positive anaerobic cocci. Only two (0.8 %) isolates of </span></span><span><em>Bacteroides</em></span><span> spp. showed a MIC ≥4 μg/mL. With some exceptions, the present results show lower MICs for delafloxacin in comparison to the other antibiotics used against anaerobes.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139031868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TMT-based quantitative proteomics reveals the nutritional and stress resistance functions of anaerobic fungi in yak rumen during passage at different time intervals","authors":"Jingrong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaqin Wei ,&nbsp;Huizhen Qiu ,&nbsp;Jiayi Han","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Anaerobic fungi<span> are critical for nutrient digestion in the yak rumen. Although studies have reported the effects of passage at different time intervals on the community structure of yak rumen anaerobic fungi, it is unknown whether passage culture at different time intervals affects the microbial proteins of rumen anaerobic fungi and their functions.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>Mycelium was obtained using the anaerobic continuous </span>batch culture (CBC) of yak </span>rumen fluid<span> at intervals of 3 d, 5 d and 7 d. Quantitative analysis of fungal proteins and functional analysis was performed using tandem mass tagging (TMT) and bioinformatics.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 56 differential proteins (DPs) were found in 5 d vs. 3 d and 7 d vs. 3 d. Gene ontology<span><span><span> (GO) enrichment indicated that the up-regulated proteins were mainly involved in biological regulation, cellular process, metabolic process, macromolecular complex, membrane, cell part, organelle, binding, catalytic activity and transporter activity. The downregulated proteins were mainly enriched in metabolic process, cell part, binding and catalytic activity. Furthermore, the downregulated proteins in 7 d vs. 3 d were related to membrane and organelle. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results indicated that DPs were enriched in 14 pathways in 5 d vs. 3 d and 7 d vs. 3 d, mainly including terpenoid backbone<span> biosynthesis, alaine, aspartate and </span></span>glutamate<span><span> metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, hypotaurine, cyanoamino acid, </span>glutathione<span>, β-alanine, pyrimidine, purine<span>, galactose<span> and propanate metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes and </span></span></span></span></span>aminoacyl tRNA<span> biosynthesis. The DPs were enriched in only 2 pathways in 5 d vs 3 d, lysine biosynthesis and cysteine and methionine<span> metabolism. N-glycan biosynthesis and retinol metabolism are only found in the metabolism of DPs in 7 d vs 3 d.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Yak rumen anaerobic fungal proteins are involved in nutrition and stress tolerance during passage at different time intervals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138481821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the additive effects of volatile fatty acids and moderate heat treatment for enhancing the inactivation of vegetative cells and spores of Clostridium perfringens by flow cytometry","authors":"Cedric Delmon ,&nbsp;Catherine Ouk ,&nbsp;Magali Casellas ,&nbsp;Audrey Prorot","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><em>Clostridium perfringens</em></span><span> is a well-known spore-forming bacterium that can resist the environment. A mixture of volatile fatty acids<span> or thermal treatments can interact with these bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different volatile fatty acid concentrations and moderate heat treatment on </span></span><em>Clostridium perfringens</em><span> sporulation.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A pure culture of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> type A in Duncan Strong medium was treated with a mixture of volatile fatty acids at several concentrations. A thermal treatment was also tested. To evaluate the effects, a double staining method was employed, and treatments on <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> were analysed by flow cytometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Moderate heat treatment destroyed vegetative forms but had no effect on sporulating forms. Volatile fatty acids combined with moderate heat treatment inhibited <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> sporulation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of flow cytometry as an original method for evaluating the treatment of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> is of interest because of its simplicity, short time to obtain results, and the level of information provided on the microbial population (impact on metabolism). A combination of mild treatments (moderate heat treatment + volatile fatty acids) to decrease the <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> concentration when these bacteria sporulate is a very promising finding for inhibiting <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> propagation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138440135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}