Anaerobe最新文献

{"title":"In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) crude oil extract on Fusobacterium necrophorum of bovine origin","authors":"Jourdan E. Lakes ,&nbsp;Alexander W. Altman ,&nbsp;Mark A. Berhow ,&nbsp;Isabelle A. Kagan ,&nbsp;T.G. Nagaraja ,&nbsp;David L. Harmon ,&nbsp;Michael D. Flythe","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusobacterium necrophorum</em> commonly causes liver abscesses in grain-finished beef, which is mitigated using antibiotics in feed. However, microbial resistance development necessitates exploration of antibiotic alternatives. Here we report the antimicrobial efficacy of <em>Cannabis sativa</em> L. (hemp) crude oil extract and its constituents on <em>Fusobacterium</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in hospitalised children in Cambodia","authors":"Lengsea Eng ,&nbsp;Kefyalew Addis Alene ,&nbsp;Deirdre A. Collins ,&nbsp;Su-Chen Lim ,&nbsp;Viso Srey ,&nbsp;Choeung Chea ,&nbsp;Sotera Yohn ,&nbsp;Setha Leng ,&nbsp;Archie C.A. Clements ,&nbsp;Thomas V. Riley","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children may play an important role in disseminating <em>Clostridioides</em> (<em>Clostridium</em>) <em>difficile</em> within hospital and community settings. In many parts of the world, there has been a recent increase in interest in <em>C. difficile</em> infection (CDI) in paediatric populations.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of, risk factors for, and molecular types of <em>C. difficile</em> in hospitalised children in Cambodia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Stool samples were collected from children at the National Paediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, between June 2022 and March 2023, for <em>C. difficile</em> culture. Toxin gene PCR and PCR ribotyping were performed on all isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 122 hospitalised children recruited, <em>C. difficile</em> was identified in 47 (38.5 %). Toxigenic strains accounted for 25.5 % (12/47), with ribotype (RT) 012 the most predominant (7/12), followed by RTs 014/020 (3/12) and 017 (1/12). Non-toxigenic strains were dominated by RTs QX011, QX675 and 009/QX107. Novel strains represented 70 % (33/47) of isolates. Significant risk factors included antimicrobial use in the week before detection (OR = 5.15; 95 %CI: 1.125–21.21) and current use of other medications (OR = 13.02, 95 %CI: 1.32–128.67). Diarrhoea and abdominal pain were negatively associated with the presence of <em>C. difficile.</em></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A high prevalence of <em>C. difficile</em> was found in hospitalised children, with a high proportion of non-toxigenic and novel strains. Larger studies are required with whole genome sequencing necessary for characterising novel strains and advancing molecular epidemiological research in Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Lachnoanaerobaculum sanguinis sp. nov., isolated from a blood culture of an acute myeloid leukemia patient with chemotherapy-related bacteremia","authors":"Yumi Suenari ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Matsubara ,&nbsp;Yuka Hiroshima ,&nbsp;Muhammad Reza Pahlevi ,&nbsp;Hiroka Shimada ,&nbsp;Yuto Ochi ,&nbsp;Naoto Okada ,&nbsp;Masami Sato ,&nbsp;Hideki Fujii ,&nbsp;Tomoko Sumitomo ,&nbsp;Hidehiro Kishimoto ,&nbsp;Akikazu Murakami","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was to characterize and determine the classification of the novel strain TM49^T, isolated from a blood culture of a patient who developed bacteremia while receiving high-dose cytarabine chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The novel strain TM49^T was characterized at the species level through a polyphasic taxonomic analysis, incorporating morphological, physiological, biochemical, phylogenetic, and genome sequence analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain belonged to the genus <em>Lachnoanaerobaculum</em>. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TM49^T was observed to be most similar to that of \"<em>Lachnoanaerobaculum gingivalis</em>\" strain ChDC B114^T (99.2 %). Strain TM49^T formed circular, glossy, slightly milky colonies with an undulate margin on BD™ Columbia Agar containing 5 % sheep blood after 48 h at 37 °C, exhibiting less spreading compared to species of the genus <em>Lachnoanaerobaculum</em>. The major fatty acids of strain TM49^T were C_16:0, C_14:0, C_18:1 ω9c DMA, and C_18:1 ω7c DMA. The draft genome sequence of strain TM49^T was 2,821,554 bp in length, with a G + C content of 36.4. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain TM49^T and “<em>L. gingivalis</em>” ChDC B114^T, <em>L. umeaense</em> CD3: 22^T, <em>L. orale</em> N1^T, and <em>L. saburreum</em> CCUG 28089^T were 52.2 %, 29.7 %, 26.2 %, and 24.5 %, respectively. The Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity values between strain TM49^T and “<em>L. gingivalis</em>” ChDC B114^T, <em>L. umeaense</em> CD3: 22^T, <em>L. orale</em> N1^T, and <em>L. saburreum</em> CCUG 28089^T were 93.1 %, 84.9 %, 83.2 %, and 81.5 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Strain TM49^T (JCM 36186^T = DSM 116945^T) was found to be distinct from previously described species of the genus <em>Lachnoanaerobaculum</em>. Therefore, it is proposed as a new species, <em>Lachnoanaerobaculum sanguinis</em> sp. Nov., with strain TM49^T as the type strain (= JCM 36186^T = DSM 116945^T).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel competitive annealing-mediated isothermal amplification (CAMP)-based detection of epsilon toxin gene in Clostridium perfringens","authors":"A. Arun Prince Milton ,&nbsp;Torik Basar ,&nbsp;K. Srinivas ,&nbsp;Aleimo G. Momin ,&nbsp;Sabia Khan ,&nbsp;G. Bhuvana Priya ,&nbsp;Samir Das ,&nbsp;S. Ghatak ,&nbsp;K. Puro","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we developed a novel competitive annealing-mediated isothermal amplification (CAMP)-based assay for the detection of the <em>etx</em> gene, which encodes the epsilon toxin of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>. The assay, performed at 60 °C for 60 min, demonstrated 100 % specificity and was 100 times more sensitive than endpoint PCR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivation of anaerobic bacteria: Foundations and principles","authors":"Paul A. Lawson,&nbsp;Ralph S. Tanner","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A brief history of techniques in anaerobic microbiology are presented leading up to the incorporation of several improvements we have used over the years to improve our culture of anaerobic microorganisms of environmental, industrial and clinical importance. Two overriding aspects from our combined 90 years of experience here are: the better one's control of anaerobic conditions and gas phases, the better results are obtained; techniques can and should be targeted for individual microorganisms and accompanying experiments. Continued improvements in anaerobic microbiology are expected and encouraged for the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Clostridium species isolated from post-traumatic infections in a Costa Rican hospital","authors":"Mariela Alvarado-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Carlos Quesada-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed antimicrobial resistance in 119 <em>Clostridium</em> species isolates collected at a Costa Rican trauma hospital (2018–2022). Isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF, and antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by E-test. <em>C. perfringens, C. tertium,</em> and <em>Paeniclostridium sordellii</em> were most prevalent species. All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, linezolid, and metronidazole; however, resistance rates of 20 % to vancomycin and 25 % to clindamycin were observed. <em>C. sphenoides</em> showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration values. Based on these findings, empirical treatment strategies at the hospital now prioritize amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, linezolid, and metronidazole, while reducing reliance on clindamycin due to observed resistance patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obituary of Mike Cox (1945–2024)","authors":"Elisabeth Nagy,&nbsp;Ellen Jo Baron","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102956","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102956"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular clock complexities of Clostridioides difficile.","authors":"Jon J Vernon, David W Eyre, Mark H Wilcox, Jane Freeman","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Reconstruct the phylogenetic status of a collection of historical Clostridioides difficile isolates and evaluate the congruence of their evolutionary trajectories with established molecular clock models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phylogenetic analysis was performed on Illumina sequence reads from previously analysed historic C. difficile isolates (1980-86; n=75) demonstrating multiple antimicrobial resistances. Data was grouped by ribotype (RT), including comparators from European surveillance (2012-13) and phylogenetic studies (1985-2010). Reads were mapped to CD630/CD196 reference genomes and compared using recombination-adjusted maximum likelihood trees. Prediction intervals for expected SNP differences by age were calculated using a Poisson distribution and molecular clock estimates (0.74 SNPs per genome/per year). Root-to-tip analysis was performed to determine the date of most common recent ancestor of genomes sharing a ribotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moxifloxacin-resistant (>16 mg/L) RT027 isolate JV67 (1986) was two SNPs distinct from a 2006 genome, fewer than the expected lower estimate (4.4 SNPs) under current molecular clock calculations; (p=3.93x10^-5). For isolate JV02 (1981), the 13 SNP divergence from a 2008 isolate was consistent with expectations (5.9 SNPs; p=0.07). JV73 (1983) demonstrated an 8 SNP difference, which although above the expected lower limit (5.5 SNPs), was outside the 95% prediction interval; (p= 4.51x10^-3). Only sixty-nine percent of historical genomes fit within the prediction interval for the number of SNPs expected compared to recent isolates, with fewer SNPs observed more frequently than expected. Root-to-tip analysis demonstrated only a weak linear correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>C. difficile molecular clock estimations may be more complex than previously considered, with periods of spore quiescence potentially complicating analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":" ","pages":"102953"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium botulinum in food products sold in Indian retail markets","authors":"Athira Vidyadharan,&nbsp;Arun Jyothi Puthiya Veettil,&nbsp;Athira Pulickal Santhosh,&nbsp;Kuttanapilly Velayudhan Lalitha,&nbsp;Toms Cheriyath Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Clostridium botulinum</em> and botulinum neurotoxins have been recognized as an important food safety hazard. The objective of this study was to screen the prevalence of <em>C. botulinum</em> and botulinum toxin in various food products sold in the retail markets of India.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A total of 236 food products collected from Indian retail markets were screened for preformed botulinum toxin using a mouse bioassay. This was followed by enrichment and isolation and further testing of isolates for botulinum toxin production using an additional mouse bioassay. A toxin neutralization test with type specific antitoxins, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and <em>BoNT</em> (botulinum neurotoxin) gene amplification confirmed the presence of <em>C. botulinum</em> and its toxin production potential.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>Preformed botulinum toxin was not detected in any of the products. The overall prevalence of <em>C. botulinum</em> in the products was 11 %, but pure cultures of <em>C. botulinum</em> could be isolated only from 10 samples. The isolates were identified as <em>C. botulinum</em> type A, type B and type E based on toxin typing with type specific antitoxins and amplification of the botulinum neurotoxin (<em>BoNT)</em> gene. One of the isolates was designated as <em>C. botulinum</em> subtype A₁B. This is the first report of isolation of <em>C. botulinum</em> type E and subtype A₁B in seafood from India. The presence of <em>C. botulinum</em> in the products tested can be a significant public health hazard since the organism can grow when exposed to favourable conditions and can produce neurotoxin in the food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile in subgingival biofilm of severe periodontitis","authors":"Isabela Leite de Oliveira Rosa,&nbsp;Eliane de Oliveira Ferreira,&nbsp;Ana Paula Vieira Colombo","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The oral cavity is the main gateway for the entry of <em>C. difficile</em> spores to the digestive tract. In conditions of poor oral hygiene and periodontal diseases, the dysbiotic oral microbiota may be a reservoir for several human pathogens. Here, we explored the prevalence of <em>C. difficile</em> in the oral microbiota of patients with severe periodontitis by the molecular detection of species specific genes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Subgingival biofilm, saliva and/or feces from 659 patients with gingivitis, periodontitis and no periodontal diseases were screened for the <em>tpi</em> and toxin A/B genes specific for <em>C. difficile</em> by multiplex PCR. Differences among groups were sought by the Chi-square test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall frequency of <em>C. difficile tpi</em> gene was 29 %, with a high detection of <em>tcd</em>B gene (44.8 %). Patients with periodontitis showed a greater prevalence of this gene in the biofilm than individuals with gingivitis and periodontal health (p = 0.001), particularly at more severe stages of disease (p &lt; 0.05). No toxin genes were detected in feces or biofilm from healthy patients, whereas &gt;70 % of the biofilm from patients with periodontal diseases were positive for these genes (p &lt; 0.001). Detection of <em>C. difficile tpi</em> gene in oral/fecal samples correlated with periodontal inflammation (p &lt; 0.05). A modest intra-individual agreement between <em>tpi</em> gene detection in feces and saliva was found within periodontitis patients (Kappa = 0.314; p = 0.003).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The high frequency of the <em>C. difficile</em> specific genes <em>tpi</em> and <em>tcd</em>B in the dysbiotic subgingival biofilm of advanced periodontitis could support the presence of the bacterium in this niche.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}